PALAWAN NATIONAL SCHOOL

SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING, AND MATHEMATICS

Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND

Introduction

Bullying has been a persistent issue within educational institutions

worldwide, affecting the student mental health, academic performance, and social

relationships. As a phenomenon that involves repeated aggressive behavior

intended to harm or intimidate others, bullying not only causes immediate

psychological distress but can also lead to long-term mental health

consequences. it can lead to serious mental health problems over time. Experts

and psychologists agree that it’s important to tackle this issue to create safer and

more supportive schools for everyone.

Bullying is a global issue, harm students. It causes mental health problems

like depression and anxiety, and can even lead to suicide. In some cultures, like in

Asia, it's harder to report bullying due to social norms. In the Philippines, many

students don't report bullying due to fear or lack of awareness of support systems.

Palawan National School strives to be a place where every student feels

safe, respected, and valued. However, like any school, it's not always easy.

Sometimes, the pressure to succeed academically can create a competitive

environment where some students might feel pressured to put others down to feel

better about themselves. This kind of pressure can sometimes lead to bullying

behaviors.
 Bullying can take many forms, from unkind words and exclusion to more

serious acts. It can make students feel anxious, sad, and even afraid to come to

school. This can not only hurt their feelings but also affect their ability to learn and

grow. Palawan National School aims to be a place where everyone feels

supported and respected, and bullying has no place in that kind of environment.

Theoretical Framework

Core Concept: Individuals learn behaviors through observation. Students

can learn bullying behaviors by witnessing aggressive behavior from peers,

teachers, or even in media.

Relevance: This theory emphasizes the importance of creating a positive

school climate where prosocial behaviors are modeled and reinforced. By

promoting empathy, respect, and conflict resolution skills, the school can

discourage the learning and perpetuation of bullying behaviors.

Socio-Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner)

Core Concept: Bullying is influenced by multiple levels of the student's

environment.

Microsystem: Classroom dynamics, teacher-student relationships, peer

interactions.

Mesosystem: Interactions between the school and home environments

(parental involvement, community support).

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 Ecosystem: Societal influences like media portrayal of violence and

cultural norms.

Relevance: Addressing bullying requires a holistic approach, considering the

interconnectedness of various factors influencing student behavior.

Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan)

Core Concept: Individuals have innate needs for autonomy, competence,

and relatedness. Meeting these needs fosters well-being and prosocial

behaviors.

Relevance: By fostering a school environment that supports student

autonomy, encourages competence, and cultivates strong relationships, the

school can create a less conducive environment for bullying.

Cyberbullying and its Impact

Core Concept: The rise of technology necessitates the consideration of

cyberbullying. This requires exploring theories related to online behavior,

social media use, and the psychological impact of online harassment.

Relevance: Understanding the dynamics of cyberbullying is crucial for

addressing the multifaceted nature of bullying in today's digital age.

This theoretical framework will guide the research by:

Gaining a deeper understanding of the factors that contribute to bullying at

Palawan National School.

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 Research Paradigm

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

[Link] and [Link] of data: This Reduction in the

interviews with would involve analyzing the incidence of bullying: The
students: This would data collected from the goal of the intervention
involve asking surveys, interviews, and would be to reduce the
students about their observations to identify the incidence of bullying at
experiences with types of bullying occurring at Palawan National High
bullying, the types of Palawan National High School.
bullying they have School, the prevalence of
witnessed, and their bullying, and the factors that Improved school
perceptions of the contribute to bullying. climate: The intervention
school environment. should also lead to an
[Link] of a improved school climate,
[Link] of plan: Based on the analysis characterized by increased
student of the data, a plan would be levels of safety, respect,
behavior: This would developed to address and inclusivity.
involve observing bullying at the school. This
students in different plan could include strategies Increased student well-
settings, such as the such as: being: The intervention
hallways, should improve student
classrooms, and the [Link] awareness well-being by reducing the
schoolyard, to about bullying: This could negative effects of bullying
identify potential involve conducting on students' mental and
instances of bullying. workshops and emotional health.
presentations for students,
[Link] staff, and parents about the Development of a
records: This would different types of bullying, sustainable anti-bullying
involve reviewing the effects of bullying, and program: The intervention
school records, such how to prevent bullying. should result in the
as disciplinary development of a
records and [Link]-bullying sustainable anti-bullying
attendance records, policies: This could involve program that can be
to identify any developing clear policies implemented and monitored
patterns of bullying and procedures for dealing over time.
behavior. with bullying incidents.

[Link] support
services for victims of
bullying: This could involve
providing access to
counseling services, peer
support groups, and other
forms of support.

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Statement of the Problem

This study aims to understand the impact of school bullying in Palawan National

School. Specifically, this study sought answers to the following questions:

1. What are the different types of bullying experienced by students in Palawan

National School?

2. What are the psychological and academic effects of bullying on students in

Palawan National School?

3. How do students in Palawan National School perceive the school's

response to bullying?

4. Is there a significant difference in the prevalence of bullying among

different grade levels in Palawan National School?

Hypothesis

1. Ha: There is a significant difference in the prevalence of bullying among

different grade levels in Palawan National School

. H0: There is no significant difference in the prevalence of bullying among

different grade levels in Palawan National School.

2. Ha: There is a significant difference in the psychological and academic

effects of bullying on students in Palawan National School.

H0: There is no significant difference in the psychological and academic

effects of bullying on students in Palawan National School.

Significance of the Study

Enhanced Social Well-being:

Reduces instances of bullying, creating a safer and more inclusive

school environment.

Fosters a more positive and supportive community atmosphere.

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 Promotes empathy, kindness, and respect among community members.

Specific Agency Benefits

Schools:

Provides valuable data to inform and improve anti-bullying policies and

interventions.

Enable schools to identify and address specific risk factors and

vulnerable student groups.

Help schools create a more positive and productive learning

environment.

Government Agencies (e.g., Department of Education):

Informs the development and implementation of effective anti-bullying

legislation and programs at the national and local levels.

Provides data for monitoring the prevalence and impact of bullying

across the country.

Benefits for Units of People

Students:

Reduces the emotional, social, and academic harm caused by bullying.

Empowers students to recognize and report bullying.

Provides students with the skills and knowledge to prevent and address

bullying.
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Teachers and School Staff:

Increase awareness of the different forms of bullying and their impact.

Provides teachers with the tools and resources to effectively identify,

prevent, and intervene in bullying situations.

Improves communication and collaboration between teachers, staff, and

students.

Parents:

Increases parental awareness of the signs and symptoms of bullying.

Provides parents with strategies for supporting their children and

addressing bullying concerns.

Fosters open communication between parents and schools.

Bullying Victims:

Reduces the emotional distress, anxiety, and depression associated

with bullying.

Improve self-esteem and confidence.

Helps victims heal and recover from the negative impacts of bullying.

Bullying Perpetrators:

Help perpetrators understand the harmful consequences of their

actions.

Provides opportunities for perpetrators to develop empathy and

prosocial behaviors.
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 Benefits for Researchers:

Advances understanding of the complex factors that contribute to school

bullying.

Identifies effective interventions and prevention strategies.

Contributes to the existing body of knowledge on bullying and its impact.

Provides a foundation for future research on this critical issue.

This research will Benefit the Residents Palawan National School

by:

Improving the safety and well-being of children: By identifying the

root causes of school bullying and developing effective prevention and

intervention strategies, the research will contribute to creating a safer and more

inclusive learning environment for all students.

Fostering a more positive community atmosphere: A reduction in

bullying will lead to a more positive and supportive school environment, which will

positively impact the entire community.

Empowering residents to take action: The research findings will provide

residents with valuable information about bullying and empower them to support

their children, report incidents, and advocate for change within the school system.

Address the Relevance to Identified Problems or Needs:

School bullying is a significant problem in many communities, impacting

the emotional, social, and academic well-being of students. This

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 research directly addresses this pressing issue by investigating its

causes, consequences, and effective solutions.

Potentially Contribute to New Knowledge and Policies:

The findings of this research may contribute to new knowledge about

the prevalence, patterns, and impact of school bullying within the

specific community.

The research findings can inform the development and implementation

of new anti-bullying policies and programs at the school, district, and

community levels.

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by: Providing valuable data to inform and improve

DepEd's policies and programs related to bullying prevention and

intervention.

Relevance to identified problems or needs: Directly addresses the

critical need to understand the impact of bullying on student well-being

and academic achievement, which are key concerns for DepEd.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies:

May inform the development of more effective anti-bullying

policies and guidelines for schools nationwide.

May contribute to the improvement of teacher training programs

on bullying prevention and intervention strategies.

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 May support the development of resources and support systems

for students who have experienced bullying.

School Guidance Counselors

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by: Providing counselors with insights into the

specific needs and challenges faced by students affected by bullying.

Relevance to identified problems or needs: Helps counselors to better

understand the impact of bullying on students' mental health and

develop more effective counseling interventions.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies: May inform the

development of best practices for counseling students who have

experienced bullying.

School Administrators

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by: Equipping administrators with the knowledge

and tools to effectively address bullying incidents within their schools.

Relevance to identified problems or needs: Helps administrators to

implement effective anti-bullying policies and create a safer and more

inclusive school environment for all students.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies: May inform the

development of school-level interventions to prevent and address

bullying.

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Teachers

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by: Providing teachers with a better understanding

of the different forms of bullying and their impact on students.

Relevance to identified problems or needs: Helps teachers to identify

and address bullying incidents in the classroom effectively.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies: May inform the

development of teacher training programs on bullying awareness and

intervention strategies.

Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD)

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by

Providing DSWD with valuable data on the social and emotional impact

of bullying on children and adolescents.

Relevance to identified problems or needs: Addresses DSWD's

mandate to protect the welfare of children and adolescents.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies: May inform the

development of social welfare programs to support children and families

affected by bullying.

Palawan National School Community.

Outputs of this study will:

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 Benefit beneficiaries by:

Identifying specific needs and challenges faced by students in

the TVL-ICT strand at Palawan National School.

Informing the development of school-based interventions to

improve student learning outcomes and career readiness.

Enhancing collaboration between schools, industry, and

community to provide better support for TVL-ICT graduates.

Relevance to identified problems or needs:

Addresses the specific needs of the Palawan National School

community in terms of TVL-ICT education and career development.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies:

Provides valuable insights into the unique challenges and

opportunities faced by TVL-ICT programs in rural or remote settings.

Technical Vocational Livelihood ICT Strand.

Outputs of this study will:

Benefit beneficiaries by:

Identifying the skills and knowledge gaps of TVL-ICT

graduates in the job market.

Informing the development of more relevant and industry-aligned

curricula and training programs.

Enhancing the employability and career prospects of TVL-ICT

graduates.
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 Relevance to identified problems or needs:

Directly addresses the needs of TVL-ICT students and graduates

in terms of career preparation and employability.

Potential contribution to new knowledge and policies: Contributes to a

better understanding of the skills and competencies required for

success in the ICT industry.

Bullying isn't just a few kids being mean. It's a dark shadow that hangs over

our school, Palawan National School. It can feel like a monster hiding in the

corners, waiting for the strike.

For those who are bullied:

Imagine feeling scared to go to school every day. Like you're walking

onto a battlefield.

The constant teasing, the hurtful words, the feeling of being invisible or

worse, hated.

It can make you feel worthless, ashamed, and alone.

It can mess with your head, making it hard to focus on your studies, to

make friends, to even enjoy being a kid.

For those who bully:

They might think they're strong or cool, but they're hurting others and

themselves.

Bullying can make them feel powerful in the wrong way, but it often

comes from their own insecurities.

They might be struggling with something at home or have trouble

making friends, and bullying becomes a way to cope.

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For everyone else:

Even if you're not directly involved, seeing bullying can make you feel

uneasy, scared, or even powerless.

It can create a negative atmosphere in our school, where learning and

friendship can't truly thrive.

What can we do?

Speak up: If you see bullying, don't ignore it. Tell a teacher, a counselor, or

a trusted adult.

Be kind: Treat everyone with respect and kindness. A simple "hello" or a

friendly smile can make a big difference.

Stand up for others: If you see someone being bullied, don't be a bystander.

Offer support to the victim and try to intervene.

Create a culture of kindness: Let's work together to build a school where

everyone feels safe, valued, and respected.

Bullying can have a lasting impact, but we can all play a part in making our

school a kinder, safer place for everyone.

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