AUS Design + Build

BLOCK 10, LOT 12, PLATINUM STREET, GOLDRIDGE ESTATE PHASE 1, GUIGUINTO, BULACAN, 3015
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DIVISION 3.0 CONCRETE WORKS

Contractor shall provide all necessary labor, materials and equipment to complete all concrete
shown or noted in these documents.

3.1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

3.1.1 Materials
Cement for general concrete work shall be type 1 Portland Cement conforming to
ASTM C150 “Specifications for Portland Cement”. Cement shall be stored in moisture
proof silos or sheds.
Coarse Aggregates shall be either natural gravel or crushed rock conforming to the
“Specifications of Concrete Aggregates” - latest issue, ASTM C33. The maximum size
of aggregates shall not be larger than one-fifth (1/5) of the narrowest dimensions
between sides of the forms within which the concrete is to be cast nor larger than
three-fourths (3/4) of the minimum clear spacing between reinforcing bars or between
reinforcing bars and forms.
Fine aggregates shall be beach or river sand conforming to ASTM C33,
“Specifications for Concrete Aggregates”. Sand particles shall be coarse, sharp, clean
free from salt, dust, loam, dirt and all foreign matter.
Water used for mixing shall be clean, free from oil, acids, salt and all deleterious
substances. Brackish water shall not be allowed. Water used shall be potable.

3.1.2 Mixing of Concrete

Class A mixture shall be used for all concrete columns, footings, reinforced concrete
beams and shall be developed 3,000 psi (20.68 Mpa) in 28 days.
The Architect and Structural Engineer shall be notified when excavation and/or
preparation of footings are completed. Poured footings shall be poured on undisturbed
soil, as described in the soil report as bearing materials. No steel reinforcement shall
be placed nor concrete poured until the Architect or his duly authorized representative
has approved the soil of each individual footing.
All concrete shall be moist cured for a period not less than seven (7) days, by an
approved method.
Forms shall be 3/8” or ½” thick waterproof plywood or 1” thick T&G lumber painted
with Prime form primer from Philippine Chemical Corporation or equivalent as
approved by the Architect. Used motor oil shall not be allowed.

3.1.3 Transit Mixed Concrete

Obtain approval of equipment, etc., before use, and meet requirements of ASTM
Designation C-94. The ready-mix plant operator must guarantee not over 60-minute
intervals between trucks during any pouring operation. In event of violation of this
requirement during a pour, the Architect or his representative may direct concrete to
be ordered immediately from other sources at Contractor’s expense. Plant must
furnish job inspector with Weight Master Certificate for each batch delivered stating
exact amount of each ingredient therein.

3.2 CONVEYING AND PLACING

3.2.1 Preparation
Before placing of any concrete, all forms shall be thoroughly cleaned, washed out with
water, and made tight by wetting.
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Proposed Four – Storey Parking Building with Roof Deck Division 3.0 Concrete Works
AUS Design + Build
BLOCK 10, LOT 12, PLATINUM STREET, GOLDRIDGE ESTATE PHASE 1, GUIGUINTO, BULACAN, 3015
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Before reinforcing steel is placed on top of and/or adjacent to forms which have been
oiled, the surface oil shall be wiped-off so that none may be tracked over, or in any
other way come in contact with the reinforcing steel or the tie wire.

3.2.2 Incrustations
All incrustations shall be removed from forms and reinforcing steel at construction
joints. Concrete which has been previously placed shall be prepared for, following
placing by one of the following methods:
Concrete which has been placed longer than 3-1/2 hours but less than 6-1/2 hours
may be prepared by removing all laitance from concrete and thoroughly washing
surfaces of concrete and forms with water. Concrete which has taken its initial set may
be prepared by wire brushing and thoroughly washing surfaces of concrete and forms.
Concrete which has been placed longer than 6-1/2 hours shall be prepared by sand
blasting to roughen surface. Clean thoroughly with water.
Transit-mix trucks shall be clean and capable of thorough mixing of material. Not more
than ¾ of total water shall be added to batch at plant. Additional water shall be added
at jobsite under the direction of the inspector. Material shall be job mixed for
approximately three minutes prior to placing. Concrete in transit for more than 90
minutes or 300 revolutions of mixing drum shall not be accepted for this work.

3.2.3 Conveying
Concrete shall be conveyed from the mixer to the place of final deposit by chuting,
hoppers, tremies, or other conveyances that will prevent segregation of materials.
Concrete from its point of release at mixer shall not be permitted to drop more than
four feet. When conveying has once started, it shall be carried on as a continuous
operation until the placing of a panel or section is completed.

3.2.4 Placing
No structural concrete shall be placed without the continuous presence of the
inspector. Placing of concrete shall be done with a workable, non-segregating mixture,
tamped and vibrated in such a manner as to produce a dense, smooth job, free from
rock pockets and voids. Concrete shall be deposited in the form as nearly as
practicable in its final position to avoid flowing. It shall be so deposited as to maintain,
until the completion of the unit, approximately horizontal plastic surfaces. In columns,
walls or thin sections of considerable height, openings in forms, elephant trunks,
tremmies or other approved devices shall be used that will permit the concrete to be
placed in a manner which will prevent segregation and accumulation of hardened
concrete on forms or metal reinforcement above the level of the concrete. Such
devices shall be so installed so that the concrete will be dropped vertically, with a
maximum free fall of four feet. Horizontal joints shall be properly prepared before new
material is added. Before new concrete is added on top of a horizontal wall joint,
thoroughly hose clean and soak with water. A heavy grout composed of the regular
concrete less ½ the large aggregate shall be deposited on the joint surface in a layer
approximately 2” deep.

3.2.5 Compacting and Screeding

After placing concrete flatwork, the concrete shall be compacted throughout its depth
by tamping or rolling. The surface shall then be screeded to the true finish grades or
elevations.

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Proposed Four – Storey Parking Building with Roof Deck Division 3.0 Concrete Works
AUS Design + Build
BLOCK 10, LOT 12, PLATINUM STREET, GOLDRIDGE ESTATE PHASE 1, GUIGUINTO, BULACAN, 3015
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3.2.6 Stoppage
The Architect or his representative shall approve when and where any pouring shall
stop or start. The flow surfaces to the freshly poured concrete shall be level wherever
any pour is stopped and tight dams shall be built as necessary.

3.3 FINISHING

3.3.1 Floating
Soon after screeding and while the concrete is still plastic, the surface of all flatwork
shall be floated with wood floats or a power float. The surface shall be tested and
variations shall not exceed 1/8 inch under a ten-foot straight edge.

3.3.2 Trowelling (Smooth Finished Areas)

Floating shall be followed by steel trowelling by machine. Before starting this
operation, the floating finish shall stand until surface water sheen disappeared. In no
case shall cement, cement and sand, or water be applied to the surface to facilitate
trowelling.
Power trowelling shall be required as soon as little or no cement paste clings to the
blades. Trowelling shall be continued until the surface is dense, smooth and free from
all minor blemishes.
Final hand trowelling shall be required to remove slight imperfections left by trowelling
machines and to bring the surfaces to a dense, smooth polished finish.

3.4 Special Finishes

The following general schedule shall be used as a guide for the surface finishing of all
concrete work.
Screed and float, no trowelling required: Surfaces covered by Vigan tile, cement tiles,
pebble washout or similar material.
Screed, float and trowel smooth: Exposed concrete surfaces for no other surfacing
and surfaces to receive resilient flooring.
Screed, float, and lightly broom: walks, steps, exposed concrete floors.
Patch and sack: walls, columns, and similar surface not covered with other materials.

3.5 Patching Concrete

Any concrete which is formed as shown on the plans, or for any other reason is out
alignment or level, or shows a defective surface shall be considered as not conforming
with the intent of this specifications and shall be removed from the job of the
Contractor at his expense unless the Architect grants permission to patch the
defective area, which shall be done in accordance with the following. Permission to
patch any such area shall not be considered as waiver of the Architect’s right to
require complete removal of the defective work if the patching does not, in his opinion,
satisfactorily restore the quality and appearance of the surface.
Immediately after removing forms, all tie holes shall be patched, and all concrete
surfaces shall be inspected and any poor joints, voids, stone pockets, and other
defective areas - if permitted by the Architect to be patched - shall be patched. Where
necessary, defective areas shall be chipped away to a depth of not less than 1 inch
with the edges perpendicular to the surface.

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Proposed Four – Storey Parking Building with Roof Deck Division 3.0 Concrete Works
AUS Design + Build
BLOCK 10, LOT 12, PLATINUM STREET, GOLDRIDGE ESTATE PHASE 1, GUIGUINTO, BULACAN, 3015
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The area to be patched and a space at least 6 inches wide entirely surrounding it shall
be wetted to prevent absorption of water from the patching mortar. A grout of equal
parts Portland Cement and sand, with sufficient water to produce a brushing
consistency, shall be then brushed into the surface, followed immediately by the
patching mortar. The patch shall be made of the same material and of approximately
the same proportion as used for the concrete except that the coarse aggregate shall
be omitted. The mortar shall not be richer than one part cement to 2-1/2 parts sand.
The amount of mixing water shall be as little as consistent with the requirements of
handling and placing. The mortar shall be re-tempered without the addition of water by
allowing it to stand for a period during which time it will be mixed with a trowel to
prevent setting; this period shall be directed by the Architect to suit the various
conditions.
The mortar shall be thoroughly compacted into place and screeded off so as to leave
the patch slightly higher than the surrounding surface. It shall then be left undisturbed
for a period of one to two hours to permit initial shrinkage before being finally finished.
The patch shall be finished in such a manner as to match the adjoining surface. On
exposed surface where unlined forms have been used, the final finish shall be
obtained by striking off the surface with a straight-edge spanning the patch and held
parallel to the direction of form marks.
Surfaces of concrete exposed to view shall receive a finish known to the concrete
trade as “grinding and sacking”, unless otherwise directed. Parts to be plastered over
and concrete cast against fiberglass forms or plastic-coated wood forms do not require
the “sacking” treatment. “Sacking” shall be accomplished as follows:

[Link] First
Patch all defects as specified above.

[Link] Second
Any projections of concrete caused by improper joining of forms shall be toned down
with carborundum stone.

[Link] Third
Wet the surface of the concrete sufficiently to prevent absorption of water from the
grout with brushes or a spray gun uniformly, completely filling air bubbles and holes.
Immediately after applying the grout, float the surface with a cork or other suitable
float, scouring the wall vigorously. While the grout is still plastic, the surface shall be
finished with a sponge rubber float removing all excess grout. This finishing shall be
done at the time when grout will not be pulled from the holes or depressions. Next
allow surface to dry thoroughly, then rub it vigorously with dry burlap to completely
remove any dried grout. There shall be no visible film or grout remaining after this
rubbing. The entire cleaning operation for any area must be completed the day it is
started. No grout shall be left on the wall overnight.

3.8 CURING

3.8.1 General
Maintain all forms containing concrete in a thoroughly wet condition until forms are
removed. Maintain all concrete in a moist condition for not less than 7 days after
placing; maintain floor slabs on grade in moist condition for 14 days, except as
provided for elsewhere in these specifications.

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Proposed Four – Storey Parking Building with Roof Deck Division 3.0 Concrete Works
AUS Design + Build
BLOCK 10, LOT 12, PLATINUM STREET, GOLDRIDGE ESTATE PHASE 1, GUIGUINTO, BULACAN, 3015
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Freshly placed concrete shall be protected from injurious action by the sun, rain,
flames, water, wind, temperature and mechanical injury and shall not be permitted to
dry out from the time the concrete is placed until the expiration of the minimum curing
period specified.

3.8.2 Floors
As soon as the practicable after the floor slabs have been finished, curing shall be
started. All concrete shall be maintained in a continuously moist condition not less
than 7 days after placing. Floor slabs shall be covered with reinforced building paper
for curing and to protect the floor during construction. After curing paper has been
removed, floors shall be allowed to air dry for at least 48 hours prior to allowing traffic
on the floor. Surfaces shall be protected during curing period from all forms of
abrasion.
Surfaces not be covered with resilient flooring may be protected with a sprayed coat of
approved curing compound. Such compound shall be non-staining and of a type which
will disintegrate gradually during the life of the job. All portions of such curing film
remaining at the end of the job shall be removed by the Contractor before acceptance
of the work.
Walls, columns, and similar surfaces shall be kept continuously moist with a fog spray
of water for not less than 2 days before forms are stripped and for an additional five
days including Saturdays, Sundays and Holidays. The surfaces shall be sprayed at
least three times per day.

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Proposed Four – Storey Parking Building with Roof Deck Division 3.0 Concrete Works