SUGGESTIONS FOR ESSAYS

 EDUCATION
Topic 1: Over the past few decades, lots of students have chosen another country to
learn at a university or college. They attend school in a different place instead of their
own country to pursue their educational dream.
Write an essay to discuss the pros and cons of studying abroad.
* Suggestions:
- Advantages of studying abroad
+ Students get a better job in the future.
+ They can widen their knowledge.
- Disadvantages of studying abroad
+ It can cost a lot of money.
+ They can be homesick and lonely.
* New words:
 To get a better job: có được công việc  Culture (N): văn hóa
tốt hơn  A knowledgeable person: một người
 Experience (N): kinh nghiệm am hiểu
 Skill (N): kỹ năng  To cost a lot of money: tốn rất nhiều
 Language (N): ngôn ngữ tiền
 An international company: công ty  To pay for tuition (N): trả học phí
quốc tế  Living expenses (N): sinh hoạt phí
 To widen their knowledge: mở rộng  Homesick (adj): nhớ nhà
kiến thức  Lonely (adj): cô đơn
 To learn new things: học những điều  To miss: nhớ
mới

Topic 2: Homeschooling also known as home education is the education of school-

aged children at home or a variety of other places rather than public schools. This
trend is legal in many countries around the world.
Write an essay to an educated reader to discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of homeschooling.
* Suggestions:
- Advantages of homeschooling

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+ Students have personalized learning environment.
+ They have flexible schedule.
- Disadvantages of homeschooling
+ Students lack social interaction.
+ They can distract from study easily.
* New words:
 Personalized learning environment (N): môi trường học tập cá nhân hóa
 Favorite subjects (N): môn học yêu thích
 Flexible schedule (N): lịch trình linh hoạt
 To feel comfortable and relaxed: cảm thấy thoải mái và thư giãn
 To study effectively: học tập hiệu quả
 To lack social interaction: thiếu tương tác xã hội
 To socialize: giao lưu
 To distract from study easily: dễ dàng bị sao nhãng việc học
 To neglect their study: bỏ bê việc học
 To set clear rules: đặt ra các quy tắc rõ ràng

Topic 3: Nowadays, there are a lot of options for students to decide where they study.
However, many students are fond of studying at school rather than studying online by
its convenience.
Write an essay to present advantages and disadvantages of studying at school.
* Suggestions:
- Advantages of studying at school
+ Students will have social interaction.
+ They can concentrate on study better.
- Disadvantages of studying at school
+ Students do not have personalized learning environment.
+ They do not have flexible schedule.
* New words:
 A crucial role: vai trò quan trọng  To make friends: kết bạn
 Methods and strategies: phương  To connect with: kết nối với
pháp và chiến lược  To build friendships: xây dựng tình
 Fixed (adj): cố định bạn

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 To participate in: tham gia  To engage: thu hút
 To interact with: tương tác với  To maintain their attention: duy trì sự
 A positive way: cách tích cực chú ý của họ

Topic 4: In the modern era, the world has become more connected and accessible to
everyone, with English serving as a common language despite differences in customs,
cultures, and regions. This makes English a valuable tool for accessing global
information and improving people’s lives in the future.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
* Suggestions: agree
- People can reach information from all over the world. (Be written in English, EX: study
history of England easily)
- English plays a vital role in our lives. (Communicate with foreigners, EX: go to
Thailand and speak English)
* New words:
 To reach information: tiếp cận thông  Materials (N): tài liệu
tin  To search for: tìm kiếm
 Fluently (adv): lưu loát  Results (N): kết quả
 Immediately (adv): ngay lập tức  To travel to: đi du lịch đến
 Mother tongue (N): tiếng mẹ đẻ  To talk with: nói chuyện với
 International environment (N): môi  A visitor: du khách
trường quốc tế  A business trip: chuyến công tác
 Foreign colleagues (N): đồng nghiệp
nước ngoài

Topic 5: Nowadays, English becomes very popular and it is considered a global

language. People want to learn English for many reasons. Some prefer to learn with
Vietnamese teachers, but others are interested in learning with native teachers.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?

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Topic: These days, many students have studied English in Vietnam for many years,
but they cannot communicate well in English in daily life. In order to enhnace the quality
of teaching and learning English in Vietnam, English should be taught by native
teachers.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
* Suggestions: disagree with the idea
- It is difficult for students to understand.
- It may cost a lot of money.
* New words
 To understand: hiểu  Expensive (adj): mắc
 To explain things clearly: giải thích rõ  Cheap (adj): rẻ
ràng  A communication course: khóa học
 To feel shy: ngại ngùng giao tiếp
 To start to learn: bắt đầu học  A foreign teacher: giáo viên nước
 A level: trình độ ngoài
 Although: mặc dù  A native teacher: giáo viên bản xứ
 A learner: người học  Education (N): giáo dục
 To cost: trị giá

Topic 6: In society today, studying takes place in every time in life. Some believe that
studying is a lifetime stage. This is a reason why some people say that it is never too
late for anyone to study in their life. To what extend do you agree or disagree?
* Suggestions: agree
- It is a good way to update knowledge.
- Lifelong learning is good for personal growth.
- Learning helps people kill their free time.
* New words
 To update knowledge: cập nhật kiến  To challenge themselves: thách thức
thức bản thân
 To discover: khám phá  To widen their knowledge: mở rộng
 To fix things: sửa chữa đồ đạc kiến thức
 To open doors to: mở ra cánh cửa  To boost their confidence: tăng cường
đến sự tự tin

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 To invest in education: đầu tư vào  To kill time: giết thời gian rảnh
giáo dục  An activity: hoạt động
 Income (N): thu nhập  Useful (adj): hữu ích

Topic 7: Nowadays, many believe that vocational training plays an important role in
students’ career development, offering direct pathways to professions without the need
for a university degree.
Do you agree or disagree with this perspective?
* Suggestions: agree
- Vocational training provides practical skills for students. (Learn what is necessary for
their job)
- It helps students save time and money. (Need 2 years to complete the program)
- It also provides some activities for them to develop life skills.
* New words
 Practical skills (N): kỹ năng thực tế  Immediately (adv): ngay lập tức
 Necessary (adj): cần thiết  Courses (N): các khóa học
 To learn by doing: học bằng cách  To afford: đủ khả năng chi trả
thực hành  Tuition fee (N): học phí
 To start working fast: bắt đầu làm việc  A club: câu lạc bộ
nhanh chóng  Communication (N): giao tiếp
 Certificates or licenses (N): chứng chỉ
hoặc giấy phép

Topic 8: Nowadays, many students have the tendency to choose to study at university
after graduation from high schools. However, others think that it is necessary to study
at vocational schools by its benefits.
To what extent do you agree or disagree?
* Suggestions: agree with former idea
- Students will have more job opportunities after graduation. (a university degree)
- Students have chances to develop social interaction. (take part in some clubs)
* New words
 Graduation (N): tốt nghiệp  To work effectively: làm việc hiệu quả
 Knowledge (N): kiến thức  Bachelor degree (N): bằng cử nhân

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 Skills (N): kỹ năng  To solve problems: giải quyết vấn đề
 Social interaction (N): tương tác xã  Critical thinking (N): tư duy phản biện
hội  Relationship (N): mối quan hệ
 To communicate better: giao tiếp tốt  To support: hỗ trợ
hơn  To encourage: khuyến khích

Topic 9: There is a common belief that a traditional four-year university is a better path
after high school. However, there are many paths that can lead to happy and
meaningful life such as choosing to get an immediate job after high school.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with latter idea

Topic 10: Nowadays, many people are fond of choosing books

written by foreign authors. Many people think that it is valuable and prestigious for
users in study and search.
Write an essay to present advantages and disadvantages of this trend.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of reading books written by foreign authors
+ It helps people broaden their horizons.
+ It helps people improve their language skills.
- Disadvantages of reading books written by foreign authors
+ It is difficult for people who are not good at English to read foreign books.
+ Readers may face with translation challenges.
* New words
 To broaden their horizons: mở rộng  To practise their English: thực hành
tầm nhìn tiếng Anh
 Historical events (N): các sự kiện lịch  To revise old words: ôn lại từ cũ
sử  To learn new words: học từ mới
 Social issues (N): các vấn đề xã hội  Grammar (N): ngữ pháp
 To respect: tôn trọng  Difficult (adj): khó khăn
 To improve their language skills: cải  To understand the content: hiểu nội
thiện kỹ năng ngôn ngữ dung
 To translate: dịch

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 Mother tongue (N): tiếng mẹ đẻ  Writing styles (N): phong cách viết
 Lazy (adj): lười biếng  Humorous (adj): hài hước
 Translation challenges (N): những
thách thức về dịch thuật

Topic 11: Now, the content of the textbooks is decided by Ministry of Education and
Training, but there is an idea that teachers who teach students should decide any
contents which are suitable for them.
Write an essay to discuss this problem and give your opinion, who is a person to
determine this vital problem and show some reasons to support your opinion.
* Suggestions: agree with former idea
- It makes sure that everyone learns the same important things. (follow the same plan)
- Textbooks are checked carefully before being published.
* New words
 Ministry of Education and Training: Bộ  To follow the same plan: theo cùng
Giáo dục và Đào tạo một kế hoạch
 A boss: ông chủ  To depend: phụ thuộc vào
 A plan: kế hoạch  Fair (adj): công bằng
 Curriculum (N): chương trình giảng  A strong base of knowledge: nền tảng
dạy carefully: cẩn thận (carefully) kiến thức vững chắc
 To publishe: xuất bản  To review textbooks: xem xét sách
 Up-to-date (adj): cập nhật giáo khoa
 To get confused: bối rối

Topic 12: Nowadays, there is a belief that textbooks play a crucial role in supporting
effective and beneficial teaching in schools, and there are multiple textbooks in
education. What are the advantages of this trend?
* Suggestions
- Students can see different perspectives.
- Sharing ideas makes learning fun.
- Using multiple textbooks helps students meet their demand.
* New words
 Perspectives (N): cách nhìn nhận  Subject (N): môn học

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 To accept: chấp nhận  Exciting (adj): hào hứng
 To compare ideas: so sánh các ý  To meet their demand: đáp ứng nhu
tưởng cầu của chúng
 To share ideas: chia sẻ ý tưởng  Regular textbooks (N): sách giáo
 Class discussion (N): thảo luận trên khoa thông thường
lớp  Chapters and lists (N): các chương và
 Interesting (adj): thú vị danh mục

Topic 13: In modern times, there is a belief that textbooks play a crucial role in
supporting effective and beneficial teaching in schools. However, some argue that the
quality of education largely depends on the teachers themselves.
What are your opinions on this matter?
* Suggestions: agree with latter ideas
- Teachers are the best learning guides.
- Teachers can encourage students to learn better.
- Teachers can keep up-to-date.
* New words
 To guide: hướng dẫn  To encourage: khuyến khích
 To explain: giải thích  Nice words (N): những lời hay
 To understand the subject: hiểu môn  To have motivation: có động lực
học  To follow some rules: tuân theo một
 To connect with: kết nối với số quy tắc
 Teaching methods (N): phương pháp  To punish: bị phạt
giảng dạy  To keep up-to-date: cập nhật
 Curious (adj): tò mò  The latest discoveries: những khám
 Excited (adj): hào hứng phá mới nhất

Topic 14: Some people propose that Art is a necessary subject for children at school
while others think it is a waste of time for them to study, so they should focus on
studying Maths or a language.
To extend what do you agree or disagree?
* Suggestions: agree with latter ideas

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- Math is a necessary subject in life.
- A language especially English can help students a lot in their life.

* New words
 To calculate: tính toán  To figure out: tìm ra, nghĩ ra
 Discounts (N): giảm giá  Essential (adj): cần thiết
 Recipes (N): công thức nấu ăn  To solve problems: giải quyết vấn đề
 Travel distances: khoảng cách di  To improve: cải thiện
chuyển  To travel abroad: đi nước ngoài
 Critical thinking (N): tư duy phản biện  Local people (N): người dân địa
 To communicate: giao tiếp phương
 Foreigners (N): người nước ngoài  A common language: ngôn ngữ
 To deal with: xử lý chung
 Situations (N): tình huống

Topic 15: Nowadays, a lot of language learners are fond of using translation machines
by its convenience and effectiveness.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of using translation machines?
* Suggestions
- Advantages of using translation machines
+ It is really fast.
+ Translation machines make people feel confident.
- Disadvantages of using translation machines
+ Translation machines may translate badly.
+ This makes them passive and lazy to think, brainstorm, and analyze all problems.
* New words
 Foreign people (N): người nước ngoài  Conversation (N): cuộc trò chuyện
 To understand: hiểu  To pay fee: trả phí
 The same language: cùng một ngôn  Fear (adj): sợ hãi
ngữ  To make mistakes: mắc lỗi
 To feel confident: cảm thấy tự tin  To ack: thiếu
 Scary (adj): đáng sợ  Context (N): ngữ cảnh
 To worry about: lo lắng về  To lead to: dẫn đến

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 Inappropriate translations (N): bản  Complex phrases (N): cụm từ phức
dịch không phù hợp tạp
 To consider: xem xét  Idioms (N): thành ngữ
 Intent (N): ý định  Culture (N): văn hóa
 Tone (N): ngữ điệu  To brainstorm: động não
 Cultural background (N): nền tảng  To analyze: phân tích
văn hóa

Topic 55: Electricity is an essential resource that plays a crucial role in our modern
lives. However, the increase in demands for electricity and inefficient use has led to a
significant problem - wasting electricity.
Write an essay to discuss the causes and solutions of this issue.
* Suggestions
- Causes of wasting electricity
+ We need electricity for all activities in our life.
+ We are not aware of turning off electricity when we do not use.
- Solutions of wasting electricity
+ We should buy electrical equipment that can save energy.
+ We should raise our awareness of saving electricity.
* New words
 To waste electricity: lãng phí điện  Aware of (adj): nhận thức
 To imagine: tưởng tượng  To raise awareness of: nâng cao
 Comfortable (adj): thoải mái nhận thức về
 To light up: thắp sáng  Electronic devices (N): thiết bị điện tử
 Machines (N): máy móc  Electrical equipment (N): thiết bị điện
 To run on electricity: chạy bằng điện  To save energy: tiết kiệm năng lượng
 To work productively: làm việc hiệu  Energy-efficient appliances (N): thiết
quả bị tiết kiệm năng lượng
 Transportation systems (N): hệ thống  To lower energy bills: giảm hóa đơn
giao thông tiền điện
 To rely on: phụ thuộc vào  Pollution (N): ô nhiễm
 Bright (adj): sáng sủa  Replacements (N): thay thế
 Bustling (adj): nhộn nhịp  To educate: giáo dục

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 To propagandize: tuyên truyền  To imitate: bắt chước

Topic 58: These days, the current state of deforestation is very alarming. This problem
can lead to air pollution in people’s lives. The effort of individuals cannot impact this
issue to change it, so governments should have responsibilities to solve this issue.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
* Suggestions: agree with the idea
- Governments can introduce laws to protect forests.
- Governments have the ability to raise people’s awareness.
- Governments must be a good model for people to follow their example.
* New words
 To introduce laws: đưa ra luật  To fine: phạt
 To enact laws: ban hành luật  To deforest: tàn phá rừng
 To protect forests: bảo vệ rừng  To raise people’s awareness: nâng
 To limit: hạn chế cao nhận thức con người
 To prevent: ngăn chặn  Special campaigns (N): các chiến
 To chop down: chặt hạ dịch đặc biệt
 Measures (N): các biện pháp  Importance of forests (N): tầm quan
 To conserve biodiversity: bảo tồn đa trọng của rừng
dạng sinh học  Impacts to deforestation (N): tác động
 Soil erosion (N): xói mòn đất của nạn chặt phá rừng
 To mitigate the effects of climate  To follow their example: noi gương
change: giảm thiểu tác động của biến  To join hands with: hợp tác với
đổi khí hậu  To take their responsibility for: chịu
 To encourage: khuyến khích trách nhiệm về
 To offer rewards: tặng thưởng

Topic 56: Nowadays, many people believe that printed newspapers or magazines will
exist in the future. However, others think it is a thing in the past and it will be forgotten
by readers.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with the latter idea

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- People can save money.
- They can get news and information easily with technological devices.
- On the contrary, it is easy to see that people will waste lots of their money when
reading printed newspapers or magazines.
* New words
 A newspaper: báo giấy  Technological devices: thiết bị công
 A magazine: tạp chí nghệ
 To exist: tồn tại  To take advantage of: tận dụng
 To save: tiết kiệm  Convenient (adj): tiện lợi
 To waste: lãng phí  Easy (adj): dễ dàng
 Contrast (N): tương phản  Difficult (adj): khó khăn
 Contrary (N): trái ngược  To update: cập nhật
 Beneficial (adj): có lợi  Latest (adj): mới nhất
 Cost saving (N): tiết kiệm chi phí  Newsstand (N): sạp báo

Topic 22: Nowadays, parents think that computers are a good tool for children, but they
do not use computers to study and search for information. They utilize them to play
games. Therefore, computers can be harmful to children’s health.
To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?
* Suggestions: agree with the idea
- Computers are an effective tool to help children study well.
- Students can recharge their batteries.
- On the contrary, it is easy to get some negative impacts if children consume their time
on computers.
* New words
 To utilize: sử dụng  Energy (N): năng lượng
 Harmful (adj): có hại  Joyful (adj): vui vẻ
 Software (N): phần mềm  To gain: đạt được
 To develop: phát triển  To affect: ảnh hưởng
 Creativity (N): sự sáng tạo  Back (N): cái lưng
 Intelligence (N): trí thông minh  To worry: lo lắng
 To recharge batteries: nạp lại năng  Impact (N): tác động
lượng  Effective (adj): hiệu quả

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 Interesting (adj): thú vị  To entertain: giải trí
 To enhance: nâng cao  To consume: tiêu thụ
 To own: sở hữu

Topic 42: Some people argue that we have to think twice before deciding to eat fast
food because of some health problems it may cause, while others believe that this kind
of food is a good choice for those with a very busy life.
Which opinion do you agree with?
* Suggestions: agree with former idea
- Fast food is convenient.
- It can satisfy everyone.
- In contrast, fast food can be harmful to people’s health.
* New words
 Convenient (adj): tiện lợi  Choice (N): lựa chọn
 Suitable (adj): phù hợp  Option (N): tùy chọn
 Busy schedules (N): lịch trình bận rộn  Different tastes (N): khẩu vị khác
 Energy (N): năng lượng nhau
 Hurried (adj): vội vàng  To waste: lãng phí
 A quick meal: một bữa ăn nhanh  A hard-working day: một ngày làm
 Fried chicken (N): gà rán việc chăm chỉ
 Delicious food (N): đồ ăn ngon  To buy ingredients: mua nguyên liệu
 To satisfy: làm thỏa mãn

Topic 27: Public transportation offers convenience and environmental benefits, while
private vehicles provide flexibility and privacy. Some people believe public
transportation is more suitable for modern life. However, others prefer private vehicles.
Write an essay to give your opinions.
* Suggestions: agree with former idea
- Using buses can solve traffic jams in big cities.
- People can save a lot of money when using public transport instead of private
vehicles.
* New words

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 To solve traffic jams: giải quyết tắc  To save a lot of money: tiết kiệm
đường được nhiều tiền
 To avoid traffic congestion: tránh ùn  Private vehicles (N): phương tiện cá
tắc giao thông nhân
 To hold: chứa, chứa đựng  Gas (N): xăng
 To pollute: gây ô nhiễm  Insurance (N): bảo hiểm
 Governments (N): chính phủ  Parking (N): đỗ xe
 To add more routes: mở thêm tuyến  A cheap ticket: vé rẻ
đường  A purpose: mục đích
 To offer discounts: giảm giá  To get around the town: đi lại trong
 To breathe: thở thành phố
 To be stuck in traffic: bị kẹt xe

Topic 32: Nowadays, it is obvious that tourism development causes environmental

pollution in some areas. However, others think it can develop citizens’ living standard
and make the appearance of cities better.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with latter idea
- Tourism development helps develop citizens’ living standard and make the appearance
of cities better.
- Tourism development is a great way to make the country more well-known.
* New words
 Tourism development (N): phát triển  Experience (N): trải nghiệm
du lịch  Historical sites (N): di tích lịch sử
 Living standard (N): mức sống  Traditions (N): truyền thống
 Demand (N): nhu cầu  To keep their history alive: giữ gìn lịch
 To create jobs: tạo ra việc làm sử
 To encourage improvements: khuyến  To preserve old buildings: bảo tồn các
khích cải thiện công trình cổ
 Well-known (adj): nổi tiếng  To appreciate: trân trọng
 To travel to famous destinations: du
lịch đến những địa điểm nổi tiếng

14
Topic 35: Some people believe that traveling alone is the best way to experience a
country or a culture. When traveling alone, we can feel comfortable and free. Others
feel that it is better to travel with people you know because we can share costs, food
and drink together in the long journey.
What extent do you agree or disagree?
* Suggestions: agree with latter idea
- Travelling with other people will save money.
- People can help and support together when travelling in a group.
* New words
 Economical (adj): tiết kiệm  To get lost: bị lạc
 To give discounts: giảm giá  To find the way back: tìm đường quay
 To waste money: lãng phí tiền bạc lại
 An awesome way: một cách tuyệt vời  To rely on: dựa vào
 To have assistance: được hỗ trợ  Safe (adj): an toàn
 To fear: sợ hãi

Topic 48: Nowadays, the status of obese children is an alarming problem in society.
Children are suffering from obesity which parents are really worried about. Many people
think that schools should add physical education (PE) programs to help solve this
issue.
To extend what do you agree or disagree about adding PE program in schools?
* Suggestions: agree with the idea
- Learning physical education at school helps students reduce obesity.
- Students will improve their mental health when learning physical education.
* New words
 physical education: giáo dục thể chất  keep fit: giữ dáng
 reduce obesity: giảm béo phì  avoid weight problems: tránh các vấn
 fight childhood obesity: chống lại béo đề về cân nặng
phì ở trẻ em  improve mental health: cải thiện sức
 get active: hoạt động khỏe tinh thần
 burn calories: đốt cháy calo  forget worries: quên đi những lo lắng
 stay healthy: khỏe mạnh  build confidence: xây dựng lòng tin

15
Topic 50: Nowadays, people think that women should spend a lot of time on their work
at enterprises or companies in the 21st century. Some propose that the role of women is
vital to manage everything in their houses, so they need to devote most of their time to
do household chores, cook and take care of children instead of getting a job in modern
society.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with former idea
- Women have a chance to develop themselves.
- Working helps women earn money.
* New words
 To have a chance: có cơ hội  To have energy: có năng lượng
 To develop themselves: phát triển  To take care of: chăm sóc
bản thân  To earn money: kiếm tiền
 To concentrate on: tập trung vào  Independent with money: độc lập về
 To improve some skills: cải thiện một tài chính
số kỹ năng  To contribute to: đóng góp cho
 To achieve: đạt được  The family budget: ngân sách gia
 To feel proud: cảm thấy tự hào đình
 Accomplishment (N): thành tích  To reduce financial burden: giảm bớt
 A confidence boost: sự tự tin tăng vọt gánh nặng tài chính
 A fantastic way: một cách tuyệt vời  To depend on: phụ thuộc vào
 To get successful: thành công

Topic: Some schools ask their students to do volunteer work to improve life skills and
learn some good lessons from those activities. Some people think that it is a good idea.
However, others argue that students should do by themselves and do by their choice
not by schools.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with latter idea
- Students will not feel happy if they do the activities they are not interested in.
- Students might feel overwhelming.
* New words

16
 Interested in (adj): quan tâm đến  Rewarding (adj): bổ ích
 Required volunteering (N): hoạt động  Engaged (adj): tích cực tham gia
tình nguyện bắt buộc  Enthusiastic (adj): nhiệt tình
 To lack choices: thiếu lựa chọn  A positive and meaningful experience:
 To dream of: mơ ước một trải nghiệm tích cực và ý nghĩa
 A shelter: nơi trú ẩn  To feel overwhelming: cảm thấy quá
 To clean up a park: dọn dẹp công sức
viên  Extra work (N): công việc thêm
 Helpful (adj): hữu ích  Extra commitment (N): điều ràng buộc
 To volunteer for a cause: tình nguyện thêm
vì một mục đích

Topic 52: Nowadays, it is important to have a long and happy marriage in modern life
but it also depends on the way to get married. It is true that arranged marriage in India
is a traditional and well respected way of getting married. However, others think that
love marriage is more important than arranged marriage.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with latter idea
- It is a good way to have a happy family.
- Their children can be educated well.
* New words
 Love marriage (N): hôn nhân dựa vào  To try new hobbies: thử những sở
tình yêu thích mới
 Arranged marriage (N): hôn nhân sắp  Soulmate (N): một nửa lý tưởng
đặt  Stable emotions (N): cảm xúc ổn định
 The same interest: cùng sở thích  To argue: cãi nhau
 To make their bond strong: khiến mối  To fight: đánh nhau
quan hệ của họ bền chặt  To afford to invest in education: có đủ
 To respect: tôn trọng khả năng đầu tư cho giáo dục
 To understand each other: hiểu nhau  Extracurricular activities (N): các hoạt
 To console: an ủi động ngoại khóa
 To behave well: cư xử tốt

17
Topic 64: Nowadays, air pollution is an alarming issue which threatens people’s health
and everything around. It is thought that air pollution is the responsibility of
governments instead of individuals.
What are your opinions?
* Suggestions: agree with the idea
- Governments can introduce laws to protect the air.
- Governments have the ability to raise people’s awareness.
- People will follow their example.
* New words
 To introduce laws: ban hành luật  To raise people’s awareness: nâng
 To protect the air: bảo vệ không khí cao nhận thức của mọi người
 To release smoke: thải ra khói  Special campaigns (N): các chiến
 Climate change (N): biến đổi khí hậu dịch đặc biệt
 To offer rewards: đưa ra phần thưởng  To follow their example: noi gương họ
 To enact laws: ban hành luật  To join hands with: bắt tay hợp tác với
 To fine: phạt tiền  To have motivation: có động lực
 To break the rule: vi phạm luật lệ

Topic 69: Nowadays, many parents buy picture books for their children to read in daily
life because they think it is advantageous for them. However, others think reading those
books is good instead of watching TV.
Discuss both views and give your opinions.
* Suggestions: agree with the idea
- Reading picture books helps children develop their imagination.
- Reading time can make the relationship with family become better.
- It helps children reduce the time of using technological devices.
* New words
 To develop imagination: phát triển trí  To imagine: tưởng tượng
tưởng tượng  Creative (adj): sáng tạo
 To take on adventures: tham gia vào  To invent own stories: sáng tạo ra
những cuộc phiêu lưu những câu chuyện của riêng mình
 To meet new characters: gặp gỡ  A superhero: một siêu anh hùng
những nhân vật mới  Busy schedules (N): lịch trình bận rộn

18
 To get closer: trở nên gần gũi hơn  Technological devices (N): các thiết bị
 To create happy moments: tạo ra công nghệ
những khoảnh khắc hạnh phúc  To avoid green light: tránh ánh sáng
xanh

Topic 24: Electronic equipment includes everything from old computers and televisions
to cell phones and microwaves. There is a lot of e-waste, and it becomes a growing
problem around the world.
Write an essay to present some causes and solutions to this problem.
* Suggestions
- Some causes of this problem
+ Users are fond of having new models.
+ Many electronic devices do not last very long.
- Some solutions of this problem
+ People should try to use their electronic devices for longer.
+ When people get rid of old electronics, they should not throw them in the trash.
* New words
 Fond of (adj): ưa thích  To work well: hoạt động tốt
 New models (N): các mẫu mới  To pollute the environment: gây ô
 New products (N): các sản phẩm nhiễm môi trường
mới  To recycle properly: tái chế đúng cách
 To appear: xuất hiện  Electronic devices (N): các thiết bị
 Old devices (N): các thiết bị cũ điện tử
 Outdated (adj): lỗi thời  To last very long: bền lâu
 To buy the latest phones: mua điện  Cheap products (N): sản phẩm giá rẻ
thoại mới nhất  To meet people’s demand: đáp

19
 ứng nhu cầu của mọi người  To get rid of old electronics: loại bỏ
 To reduce the price: giảm giá các thiết bị điện tử cũ
 To use low quality materials: sử dụng  To throw them in the trash: vứt chúng
vật liệu chất lượng thấp vào thùng rác
 To fix a broken phone: sửa chữa  To have special recycling programs:
điện thoại hỏng có các chương trình tái chế đặc biệt
 To upgrade its parts: nâng cấp các bộ
phận của nó

Topic 25: Nowadays, traffic congestion is one of the most serious problems in big cities
and it has made people’s lives more difficult at work and in daily life. Many people think
that it is a good way to solve traffic jam by building sky trains in big cities.
Write an essay to present advantages as well as disadvantages of this way.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of building sky trains in big cities
+ Building sky trains can solve traffic jams in big cities.
+ People can save a lot of money when using sky trains instead of private vehicles.
- Disadvantages of building sky trains in big cities
+ Building sky trains can be very expensive.
+ Sky trains are not useful for everyone.
* New words
 Sky trains (N): tàu trên cao  Insurance (N): bảo hiểm
 To solve traffic jams: giải quyết tình  Parking (N): bãi đậu xe
trạng tắc đường  A cheap ticket: vé rẻ
 Traffic congestion (N): tình trạng tắc  Other purposes (N): cho các mục đích
nghẽn giao thông khác
 To pollute: gây ô nhiễm  Expensive (adj): đắt tiền
 To offer discounts: giảm giá  Materials (N): vật liệu
 To breathe fresher air: hít thở không  Train tracks (N): đường ray tàu hỏa
khí trong lành hơn  Useful (adj): hữu ích
 To be stuck in traffic: bị kẹt xe  A sky train station: ga tàu trên cao
 Private vehicles (N): phương tiện cá  Inconvenient for travelling: bất tiện
nhân cho việc đi lại

20
Topic 26: Nowadays, many people like to use private vehicles in their daily life by its
convenience. However, others think using public transport will be more suitable in
modern society, especially the status of air pollution.
Write an essay to show some advantages and disadvantages of public transport.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of public transport
+ Using public transport can solve traffic jams in big cities.
+ People can save a lot of money when using public transport instead of private
vehicles.
- Disadvantages of public transport
+ Public transport is not useful for all people.
+ Public transport runs on a set schedule.
* New words
 To solve traffic jams: giải quyết tình  Parking (N): bãi đậu xe
trạng tắc đường  A cheap ticket: vé rẻ
 Traffic congestion (N): tình trạng tắc  Other purposes (N): cho các mục đích
nghẽn giao thông khác
 To pollute: gây ô nhiễm  Useful (adj): hữu ích
 To offer discounts: giảm giá  Inconvenient for travelling: bất tiện
 To breathe fresher air: hít thở không cho việc đi lại
khí trong lành hơn  A set schedule: lịch trình cố định
 To be stuck in traffic: bị kẹt xe  To miss: bỏ lỡ
 Private vehicles (N): phương tiện cá  To match people’s work hours: phù
nhân hợp với giờ làm việc của mọi người
 Insurance (N): bảo hiểm

Topic 28: These days, traffic jams mainly occur in big cities like Hanoi and Ho Chi Minh
City. Traffic jams are situations where there are so many vehicles on the road that they
cannot move quickly. This problem causes a lot of difficulties for people.
Write an essay to discuss some causes and possible solutions for this issue.
* Suggestions
- Some causes of traffic jams

21
+ There are many vehicles on the road.
+ The streets are in poor condition.
- Some solutions of traffic jams
+ People should use public transport.
+ Governments need to invest in upgrading the road infrastructure.
* New words
 Traffic jams (N): tình trạng tắc nghẽn  To pollute: gây ô nhiễm
giao thông  To offer discounts: giảm giá
 To attract: thu hút  To invest in: đầu tư vào
 Business (N): doanh nghiệp  To upgrade the road infrastructure:
 Population (N): dân số nâng cấp cơ sở hạ tầng đường sá
 To boom: bùng nổ  To build new roads: xây dựng đường
 To move around comfortably: di mới
chuyển thoải mái  To widen existing roads: mở rộng
 In poor condition: trong tình trạng tồi đường hiện có
tệ  To improve traffic management
 Damaged roads (N): đường sá hư systems: cải thiện hệ thống quản lý
hỏng giao thông
 To slow down traffic: làm chậm giao  To improve traffic flow: cải thiện lưu
thông thông giao thông
 Careful (adj): cẩn thận  To reduce congestion: giảm tắc
 To avoid potholes: tránh ổ gà nghẽn
 To cause damage to: gây thiệt hại  To reduce air pollution: giảm ô nhiễm
cho không khí
 Breakdowns (N): sự cố hỏng hóc  To create jobs: tạo ra việc làm
 Traffic delays (N): sự chậm trễ giao
thông

Topic 29: According to the Traffic Police Department in Vietnam, there were 11,448
traffic accidents in 2022. These accidents lead to 6,364 deaths, 4,215 severe injuries,
and 3,613 minor injuries. As a result, traffic accidents have become a major cause of
death in the country.

22
Write an essay to discuss the causes of traffic accidents and suggest possible
solutions.
* Suggestions
- Some causes of traffic accidents
+ Some people do not drive safely.
+ The roads are in poor condition.
- Some solutions of traffic accidents
+ People need to follow traffic rules better.
+ Governments should spend money on making the roads better.
* New words
 Traffic accidents (N): tai nạn giao  Good lighting (N): đèn chiếu sáng tốt
thông  Smooth surfaces (N): mặt đường trơn
 To drive safely: lái xe an toàn tru
 To speed: quá tốc độ  Safety barriers (N): rào chắn an toàn
 To ignore red lights: phớt lờ đèn đỏ  To get crowded: đông đúc
 To pass other cars: vượt xe khác  To watch the roads: quan sát đường
 To be drunk: say rượu sá
 To follow the rules: tuân theo luật lệ  To catch people: bắt giữ người vi
 To go quickly: đi nhanh phạm
 To go safely: đi an toàn  To run red lights: vượt đèn đỏ
 Traffic laws (N): luật giao thông  To give serious punishments: đưa ra
 Strict (adj): nghiêm ngặt hình phạt nghiêm khắc
 To break the rules: vi phạm luật lệ  To fix old roads: sửa chữa đường cũ
 To get in trouble: gặp rắc rối  To put up signs and lights: lắp đặt
 In poor condition: trong tình trạng tồi biển báo và đèn
tệ  To avoid accidents: tránh tai nạn
 Signs (N): biển báo

Topic 36: Nowadays, it is true that many young people have a tendency to resign or
leave their jobs at companies, and they want to establish their own enterprises,
especially young people with high competence and ambition in modern life.
What are some causes of this issue?

23
* Suggestions
Some causes of opening an own company
- They want to work on something they are passionate about.
- Young people want to make more money.
* New words
 Passionate about (adj): đam mê  To pursue their passions: theo đuổi
 To work effectively: làm việc hiệu quả đam mê
 Engaged (adj): nhiệt tình  To make effort: nỗ lực
 Motivated (adj): có động lực  To get successful: thành công
 Productive (adj): năng suất  To make more money: kiếm thêm tiền
 To try their best: cố gắng hết sức  To earn more money: kiếm được
 To develop: phát triển nhiều tiền hơn
 To overcome: vượt qua  To receive salary: nhận lương
 To deal with difficulty: đối phó với khó  To gain knowledge: tiếp thu kiến thức
khăn  Experience (N): kinh nghiệm
 To run their own business: điều hành  To have ability: có khả năng
doanh nghiệp riêng  To become rich: trở nên giàu có
 To open an own company: thành lập  To face a lot of challenges: đối mặt
công ty riêng với nhiều thách thức
 Freedom (N): tự do

Topic 37: Job hopping is popular among young people. Some prefer to do the same
job for the same company, whereas others prefer to change jobs frequently because of
health issues, salary and job promotion.
What are the advantages and disadvantages of changing jobs?
* Suggestions
- Advantages of changing jobs
+ Changing jobs can lead to higher income.
+ Working in a new company can help people learn new things.
- Disadvantages of changing jobs
+ It may take a lot of time to learn a new job.
+ They can lose some benefits.
* New words

24
 To lead to: dẫn đến  To step out of their comfort zones:
 Higher income (N): thu nhập cao hơn bước ra khỏi vùng an toàn của họ
 To pay salary: trả lương  New environments (N): môi trường
 Worth their ability: Xứng đáng với khả mới
năng của họ  To develop communication skills: phát
 Willing (adj): sẵn sàng triển kỹ năng giao tiếp
 To offer more money: cung cấp nhiều  Strengths (N): điểm mạnh
tiền hơn  Weaknesses (N): điểm yếu
 A bigger paycheck: mức lương cao  Career aspirations (N): hoài bão nghề
hơn nghiệp
 Better bonuses (N): tiền thưởng tốt  To get used to: quen với
hơn  The company culture (n): Văn hóa
 Other cool benefits (N): các quyền lợi công ty
thú vị khác  New co-workers (N): đồng nghiệp mới
 To improve financial situation: cải  To lose some benefits: mất một số
thiện tình hình tài chính quyền lợi
 To learn new things: học hỏi những  Vacation time (n): Thời gian nghỉ
điều mới phép
 To discover new tools: khám phá các  Promotion opportunities (n): Cơ hội
công cụ mới thăng tiến
 To meet experienced people: gặp gỡ  Health insurance (n): Bảo hiểm y tế
những người giàu kinh nghiệm  A retirement plan: kế hoạch hưu trí

Topic 40: In the past, people had the tendency to live in traditional or extended families
with lots of members including grandparents, parents, uncles, aunts and numerous
children. However, nowadays, people tend to live in small families or nuclear families
rather than big families.
Write an essay to present advantages and disadvantages of a nuclear family.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of a nuclear family
+ People have more freedom and privacy in nuclear families.

25
+ Family members can understand each other.
- Disadvantages of a nuclear family
+ They may lack experience and skills from old people.
+ Parents may feel stressful.
* New words
 A nuclear family: Gia đình hạt nhân  To feel close and connected: cảm
 An extended family: gia đình truyền thấy gần gũi và gắn bó
thống  To lack experience and skills: thiếu
 Freedom (N): tự do kinh nghiệm và kỹ năng
 Privacy (N): sự riêng tư  Relatives (N): người thân
 To feel free: cảm thấy thoải mái  To teach cool tips: dạy những mẹo
 Scared (adj): sợ hãi hay
 To disturb: làm phiền  To ask for advice: xin lời khuyên
 To explore the world: khám phá thế  To raise kids: nuôi dạy con cái
giới  To feel stressful: cảm thấy căng thẳng
 To make choices: đưa ra lựa chọn  Responsible for (adj): chịu trách
 To understand each other: hiểu nhau nhiệm cho
 Playtime (N): thời gian vui chơi  To do the chores: làm việc nhà
 Chats (N): những cuộc trò chuyện  To take care of: chăm sóc
 To get to know each other: tìm hiểu
nhau

Topic 45: Nowadays, many people have the tendency to use biotech foods instead of
eating foods which contain many pesticides. However, consuming these foods can also
cause some drawbacks for people.
Write an essay to present some pros and cons of using biotech foods.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of using biotech foods
+ It can reduce the need for pesticides.
+ Biotech crops can grow more food.
- Disadvantages of using biotech foods
+ Biotech foods may become very expensive.

26
+ Biotech businesses face competitive market.
* New words
 Biotech foods (N): thực phẩm công  To have a full belly: no bụng
nghệ sinh học  To feel worried: cảm thấy lo lắng
 Pesticides (N): thuốc trừ sâu  Safe (adj): an toàn
 Tiny bugs (N): côn trùng nhỏ  To taste: hương vị
 To fight off: chống lại  To share special genes with wild
 Bug spray (N): thuốc xịt côn trùng plants: chia sẻ các gene đặc biệt với
 The environment: môi trường cây dại
 Fresher (adj): trong lành hơn  To spread pollen: phát tán phấn hoa
 Biotech crops (N): cây trồng công  To create new genes: tạo ra các gene
nghệ sinh học mới
 To grow more food: sản xuất nhiều  To mess with: can thiệp vào
thức ăn hơn  Harmful to (adj): có hại cho
 Regular crops (N): cây trồng thông
thường

Topic 54: Nowadays, many people think that improving memory is necessary for
anyone who lives in life. However, it is not easy to have good memory for people with
too much pressure in modern life.
Write an essay to present some solutions to enhance memory better.
* Suggestions
* Suggestions
- Playing games is a great way to enhance memory better.
- Sleeping well at night helps enhance memory.
* New words
 A great way: một cách tuyệt vời  To play puzzles: chơi trò chơi xếp
 To enhance memory: cải thiện trí nhớ hình
 To get healthier: trở nên khỏe mạnh  Memory games (N): trò chơi trí nhớ
hơn  A fun workout: một bài tập thể dục thú
 To exercise: tập thể dục vị
 Brain (N): bộ não  To challenge: thách thức
 To improve: cải thiện  To store information: lưu trữ thông tin

27
 To download: tải xuống  To get organized: ngăn nắp
 To train our brain: rèn luyện não bộ  To get a good night’s sleep: ngủ đủ
 To sleep well: ngủ ngon giấc
 Tired (adj): mệt mỏi

Topic 51: Nowadays, many young people tend to take part in many unpaid community
activities including doing volunteer work in society, working for a charity, improving the
neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children.
What are the advantages of this action?
* Suggestions
Advantages of this action
- Helping others makes us feel good.
- Volunteering teaches us new skills.
* New words
 To feel good: cảm thấy vui  To get stressful: cảm thấy căng thẳng
 Those in need: những người cần giúp  To get bad marks: nhận điểm kém
đỡ  Sad (adj): buồn
 To receive help: nhận được sự giúp  Worried (adj): lo lắng
đỡ  To teach new skills: dạy các kỹ năng
 To overcome the difficult situation: mới
vượt qua khó khăn  Interesting (adj): thú vị
 A nice action: một hành động tốt đẹp  To reduce stressful feelings: giảm bớt
 A good person: một người tốt căng thẳng
 To feel proud of ourselves: cảm thấy  To have no pressure on: không có áp
tự hào về bản thân lực
 To receive a reward: nhận được phần  To organize events: tổ chức sự kiện
thưởng  To build things: xây dựng
 A big smile: một nụ cười tươi  Future jobs (N): công việc tương lai

Topic 53: Some people say that both natural ability and hard work can contribute to
becoming an athlete, a person who is good at sports and physical exercise. Others
argue that only one factor, natural ability or hard work, is enough.
Write an essay to discuss your opinions.

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* Suggestions: agree with the latter idea
- Natural ability is a special superpower for sports.
- Hard work is very important without natural talent.
- On the contrary, both natural ability and hard work can also contribute to becoming an
athlete. It is an excellent athlete.
* New words
 Natural ability (N): năng khiếu bẩm  To give up: bỏ cuộc
sinh  To develop skills: phát triển kỹ năng
 A special superpower: một siêu năng  To require specific skills: yêu cầu các
lực đặc biệt kỹ năng cụ thể
 Tall (adj): cao  Regular practice (N): luyện tập
 Coordinated (adj): phối hợp tốt thường xuyên
 To have an advantage: có lợi thế  To master: thành thạo
 Basketball (N): bóng rổ  An excellent athlete: một vận động
 Volleyball (N): bóng chuyền viên xuất sắc
 Good muscles (N): cơ bắp tốt  To reach full potential: đạt được tiềm
 Natural talents (N): tài năng bẩm sinh năng tối đa
 Easy (adj): dễ dàng  To build endurance: xây dựng sức
 Enjoyable (adj): thú vị bền
 To feel confident: cảm thấy tự tin  To strengthen bodies: tăng cường thể
 To push their limits: vượt qua giới hạn lực
của bản thân  To keep a healthy lifestyle: duy trì lối
 To lead to earlier success: dẫn đến sống lành mạnh
thành công sớm hơn  To learn from mistakes: học hỏi từ
 A competition: cuộc thi đấu những sai lầm
 Hard work (N): chăm chỉ luyện tập  To have a better performance: có
 Important (adj): quan trọng thành tích tốt hơn
 To practice: thực hành

Topic 57: Vietnam is the 15th most populous country in the world and is among
the countries with the highest population density. Nowadays, more and more people
are moving to cities for living.

29
Write an essay to show the causes of this increase and how to tackle this issue.
(Extra: Impacts of overpopulation)
@ Causes of overpopulation
* Suggestions
- There are more job opportunities in big cities.
- Big cities provide people with better quality of life.
* New words
 Job opportunities (N): cơ hội việc làm  To provide: cung cấp
 A village: làng quê  Better quality of life: chất lượng cuộc
 A farm: trang trại sống tốt hơn
 Difficult (adj): khó khăn  A school: trường học
 To have a job: có việc làm  A hospital: bệnh viện
 A company: công ty  To choose: lựa chọn
 A factory: nhà máy  To play instruments: chơi nhạc cụ
 A worker: công nhân  The latest machines (N): các máy
 Job choices (N): lựa chọn công việc móc hiện đại nhất
 A store: cửa hàng  Good doctors: bác sĩ giỏi
 An office: văn phòng  To get the best care: được chăm sóc
 To start own business: tự kinh doanh tốt nhất
 To earn money: kiếm tiền  To get sick: bị ốm
 To support their families: nuôi gia
đình

@ Solutions to overpopulation
* Suggestions
- Companies or factories should create more job opportunities for people in the
countryside.
- Governments should make small towns become a better place to live.
* New words
 A company: công ty  In the countryside: ở quê
 A factory: nhà máy  Rural areas (N): ở nông thôn
 To create more job opportunities: tạo  To encourage: khuyến khích
thêm nhiều cơ hội việc làm  Governments (N): chính phủ

30
 To improve: cải thiện  To become a better place to live: trở
 Roads (N): đường sá thành một nơi đáng sống hơn
 Electricity (N): điện  To feel comfortable: cảm thấy thoải
 Businessmen (N): doanh nhân mái
 To open companies: mở công ty  Living conditions (N): điều kiện sống
 Local people (N): người dân địa  To have income: có thu nhập
phương  Hospitals (N): bệnh viện
 To get jobs easily: dễ dàng tìm được  Parks (N): công viên
việc làm  Sports fields (N): sân thể thao
 To move away from their families: rời  Internet connection (N): kết nối
xa gia đình internet
 To avoid overpopulation: tránh tình  To enjoy peaceful atmosphere: tận
trạng quá tải dân số hưởng bầu không khí yên bình
 To create money: kiếm tiền

@ Impacts of overpopulation
* Suggestions
- People will not have enough places to live.
- It leads to high rate of unemployment.
* New words
 Overpopulation (N): bùng nổ dân số  To lead to: dẫn đến
 Narrow (adj): hẹp  High rate of unemployment: tỷ lệ thất
 City-dwellers (N): người dân thành thị nghiệp cao
 Hard (adj): khó  Income (N): thu nhập
 To find: tìm  A competitive environment: một môi
 To feel tired: cảm thấy mệt mỏi trường cạnh tranh
 Small places (N): những nơi nhỏ bé  A heavy burden: một gánh nặng
 To work effectively: làm việc hiệu quả  Social evils (N): tệ nạn xã hội
 Depression (N): trầm cảm  Crimes (N): tội phạm
 citizens: công dân  To cope with troubles: đối phó với
 Difficult (adj): khó khăn những rắc rối
 Uncomfortable (adj): không thoải mái  Unemployed (adj): thất nghiệp
 The homeless: vô gia cư  Robbers (N): kẻ cướp

31
 Thieves (N): kẻ trộm

Topic 16: Nowadays, one of the most significant inventions is the Internet by its
advantages. However, others think that there are several bad things when using it.
Write an essay to discuss the pros and cons of the Internet.
* Suggestions
- Advantages of the internet
+ Users can learn better with the internet.
+ It helps people relax after a hard-working day.
- Disadvantages of the internet
+ Users will copy poor images and actions.
+ It affects their mind when they get false information on the internet.
* New words
 To learn better: học hiệu quả hơn  To reduce stressful feelings: giảm
 To ask any topic or question: hỏi bất căng thẳng
kỳ chủ đề hoặc câu hỏi nào  To gain energy: có thêm năng lượng
 To give key words: cung cấp từ khóa  To copy poor images and actions: bắt
 To have an answer: có câu trả lời chước những hình ảnh và hành động
 In some seconds: trong vài giây không hay
 To discover: khám phá  Difficult (adj): khó khăn
 Interesting lessons (N): những bài  To avoid: tránh
học thú vị  Violent films (N): phim bạo lực
 Helpful tips (N): những mẹo hữu ích  To imitate bad actions: bắt chước
 To improve: cải thiện những hành động xấu
 To relax: thư giãn  To affect mind: ảnh hưởng đến tâm trí
 To use social networking sites: sử  To get false information: nhận được
dụng các trang mạng xã hội thông tin sai lệch
 To chat with: trò chuyện với

Topic 59: Deforestation is the cutting down of trees in the forest in a large number.
Deforestation has always been a threat to our environment. However, many humans are
continuing this ill practice, so this becomes serious for people’s lives and everything
around.

32
Write an essay to show impacts to this issue.
(Extra: Write an essay to show main causes and some solutions for this issue.
(Mini test)
@ Causes of deforestation
* Suggestions
- People make space for farms.
- People need wood for buildings and furniture.
* New words
 To make space for farms: dọn dẹp đất  Wood (N): gỗ
để làm nông trại  Buildings (N): nhà cửa
 To cut down trees: chặt hạ cây cối  Furniture (N): đồ nội thất
 To make room for: nhường chỗ cho  To sell the wood: bán gỗ
 To grow food: trồng trọt  To earn money: kiếm tiền
 The demand for food: nhu cầu về thực  Negative impacts (N): tác động tiêu
phẩm cực
 To increase: tăng lên  To breathe clean air: hít thở không khí
 A big problem: một vấn đề lớn trong lành
 To hold the soil tight: giữ chặt đất  A place to live: nơi ở
 Heavy rain (N): mưa lớn  To plant new trees: trồng cây mới
 To wash it away: rửa trôi nó  To replace: thay thế
 To chop down the whole forest: chặt hạ
cả khu rừng

@ Solutions to deforestation
* Suggestions
- Governments can introduce laws to protect forests.
- Governments have the ability to raise people’s awareness.
* New words
 To introduce laws: đưa ra luật  To chop down: chặt hạ
 To enact laws: ban hành luật  Measures (N): các biện pháp
 To protect forests: bảo vệ rừng  To conserve biodiversity: bảo tồn đa
 To limit: hạn chế dạng sinh học
 To prevent: ngăn chặn  Soil erosion (N): xói mòn đất

33
 To mitigate the effects of climate  To raise people’s awareness: nâng
change: giảm thiểu tác động của biến cao nhận thức con người
đổi khí hậu  Special campaigns (N): các chiến
 To encourage: khuyến khích dịch đặc biệt
 To offer rewards: tặng thưởng  Importance of forests (N): tầm quan
 To fine: phạt trọng của rừng
 To deforest: tàn phá rừng  Impacts of deforestation (N): tác động
của nạn chặt phá rừng

@ Impacts of deforestation
* Suggestions
- Cutting down many trees contributes to natural disasters.
- Deforestation can lead to losing habitat.
* New words
 To cut down trees: chặt phá rừng  To avoid scary weather: tránh thời tiết
 To contribute to: góp phần vào khắc nghiệt
 Natural disasters (N): thiên tai  To lead to: dẫn đến
 Roots (N): rễ cây  To lose habitat: mất môi trường sống
 To hold the ground tight: giữ chặt mặt  To find food: tìm thức ăn
đất  To raise their babies: nuôi con
 Heavy rain (N): mưa lớn  To hide from danger: trốn tránh nguy
 To wash it away: rửa trôi nó hiểm
 To soak up rainwater: hút nước mưa  To clear trees for farming: chặt phá
 To prevent floods: ngăn ngừa lũ lụt rừng để làm nông nghiệp
 To slow down strong winds: làm chậm  To destroy the ecosystems: phá hủy
gió mạnh các hệ sinh thái
 To protect: bảo vệ  Different species (N): các loài khác
 Storms (N): bão nhau
 To get loose: bị lỏng lẻo  To disappear forever: biến mất mãi mãi
 To become more likely: dễ xảy ra hơn  The loss of biodiversity: sự mất đa
 To cause damage: gây thiệt hại dạng sinh học

34
Topic 60: Clean water shortage has become a worldwide problem and many countries
are facing this problem, so it is a great concern for the survival of the whole country or
region.
Write an essay to present causes and solutions of the shortage of clean water.
* Suggestions
- Causes of the shortage of clean water
+ We waste too much water.
+ Factories sometimes dump waste into rivers.
- Solutions of the shortage of clean water
+ We should raise our awareness of using water.
+ Governments should introduce a law to reduce water pollution.
* New words
 To waste too much water: lãng phí  To clean up waste: dọn rác
quá nhiều nước  To raise our awareness: nâng cao
 Unnecessary things (N): những thứ nhận thức của chúng ta
không cần thiết  Importance (N): tầm quan trọng
 Unintentional (adj): vô tình  To spread the word: truyền bá thông
 To take long showers: tắm vòi sen lâu tin
 To leave the faucet running: để vòi  To teach kids: dạy trẻ em
nước chảy  To share water-saving tips: chia sẻ
 To forget to turn off the faucet: quên mẹo tiết kiệm nước
tắt vòi nước  Fun games: trò chơi vui nhộn
 Rain (N): mưa  Online contests: các cuộc thi trực
 To dump waste into rivers: đổ rác thải tuyến
xuống sông  To introduce a law: ban hành luật
 To throw trash: vứt rác  To be fined heavily: bị phạt nặng
 To get polluted: bị ô nhiễm  To invest in: đầu tư vào
 Dirty water (N): nước bẩn  Better waste treatment facilities: các
 To seep into the ground: thấm xuống cơ sở xử lý chất thải tốt hơn
đất  To adopt cleaner production methods:
 Unsafe to drink: không an toàn để áp dụng các phương pháp sản xuất
uống sạch hơn
 To go around: đủ dùng  To offer awards: trao giải thưởng

35
 To have clean practices: có các hoạt
động sạch sẽ

Topic 63: Nowadays, air pollution is one of the most serious issues in modern life. It
could be caused by motor vehicles and factories. This issue is able to influence
people’s health, animals and even surrounding trees.
Write an essay to show impacts and some solutions to this issue.
* Suggestions
- Impacts of air pollution
It can cause some dangerous diseases for people.
- Solutions to air pollution
+ People need to raise their awareness of using vehicles for travelling.
+ Factories should be built at a distance of residential areas.
* New words
 To cause some dangerous diseases:  To raise their awareness of: nâng cao
gây ra một số bệnh nguy hiểm nhận thức của họ về
 Polluted environment (N): môi trường  To use vehicles: sử dụng phương tiện
ô nhiễm  Public transport (N): phương tiện
 To suffer from: mắc phải công cộng
 Hazardous diseases (N): các bệnh  Private vehicles: phương tiện cá nhân
nguy hiểm  To reduce exhaust fumes: giảm khí
 Stroke (N): đột quỵ thải
 Heart disease (N): bệnh tim mạch  To lead to: dẫn đến
 Lung cancer (N): ung thư phổi  A factory: Nhà máy
 To have poor quality of life: có chất  At a distance of residential areas:
lượng cuộc sống kém cách xa khu dân cư
 Disappointed (adj): thất vọng  To breathe fresher air: hít thở không
 Dissatisfied (adj): không hài lòng khí trong lành hơn
 A serious influence on: ảnh hưởng  An effective system: một hệ thống
nghiêm trọng đến hiệu quả
 Attitude (N): thái độ  To contribute to: góp phần vào
 Mood (N): tâm trạng  A clean habitat: một môi trường sống
sạch sẽ

36
Topic 61: Nowadays, environmental pollution is more and more serious in daily life.
People have a tendency to limit and change the resource of energy to be more suitable.
Many think that green energy (alternative energy) is a good way to improve the
environment but it has some impacts on users.
Write an essay to present advantages and disadvantages of green energy/
alternative energy.
* Suggestions

Topic 65: Biodiversity is defined as the existence of a large number of different kinds of
animals and plants which make a balanced environment.
Discuss some solutions to maintain biodiversity.
* Suggestions

37