BY – PARVEZ AKHTAR CONVECTION EDUCATION Mob.
# 8948003339
DPP - 1 / MATH / COORDINATE GE0METRY / Class 10 / NEET / JEE / FOUNDATION
1. Find the distance between the points R(a + b, a – b) and S(a – b, –a – b)
2. Show that the points (a, a), (–a, –a) and (– 3 a, 3 a) are the vertices of an equilateral
triangle. Also find its area.
3. If P (2, – 1), Q(3, 4), R(–2, 3) and S(–3, –2) be four points in a plane, show that PQRS is a
rhombus but not a square. Find the area of the rhombus.
4. Find the coordinates of points which trisect the line segment joining (1, –2) and (–3, 4).
5. Determine the ratio in which the line 3x + y – 9 = 0 divides the segment joining the points
(1, 3) and (2, 7).
6. Find the lengths of the medians of a ABC whose vertices are A(7, –3), B(5,3) and C(3,–1).
7. If A(–2, –1), B(a, 0), C(4, b) and D(1, 2) are the vertices of a parallelogram, find the values of a and
b.
8. Prove that (4, – 1), (6, 0), (7, 2) and (5, 1) are the vertices of a rhombus. Is it a square ?
9. If two vertices of an equilateral triangle be (0, 0), (3, 3 ), find the third vertex.
10. If the opposite vertices of a square are (1, – 1) and (3, 4), find the coordinates of the
remaining angular points.
11. Find the coordinates of the circumcentre of the triangle whose vertices are (8, 6), (8, – 2)
and (2, – 2). Also, find its circum radius.
12. If the coordinates of the mid-points of the sides of a triangle are (1, 2) (0, –1) and (2, –1).
Find the coordinates of its vertices.
Solution
1. We have,
RS = (a b a b) 2 (a b a b) 2
RS = 4b 2 4a 2 = 2 a 2 b 2
2. Let A (a, a), B(–a, –a) and C(– 3 a, 3 a) be the given points. Then, we have
AB = ( a a ) 2 ( a a ) 2 = 4a 2 4a 2 =2 2 a
BC = ( 3a a ) 2 ( 3a a ) 2
BC = a 2 (1 3 ) 2 a 2 ( 3 1) 2
BC = a 1 3 2 3 1 3 2 3
=a 8 =2 2 a
and, AC = ( 3a a 2 ) ( 3a a ) 2
AC = a 2 ( 3 1) a 2 ( 3 1) 2
AC = a 3 1 2 3 3 1 2 3
=a 8 =2 2 a
Clearly, we have
AB = BC = AC
Hence, the triangle ABC formed by the given points is an equilateral triangle.
Now,
Area of ABC = 3
(side)2
4
Area of ABC = 3
× AB2
4
Area of ABC = 3
× (2 2 a)2 sq. units =2 3 a2 sq. units
4
3. The given points are P(2, –1), Q(3, 4), R(–2, 3) and S(–3, –2).
We have,
PQ = (3 2) 2 (4 1) 2 = 12 52 = 26 units
QR = (2 3) 2 (3 4) 2 = 25 1 = 26 units
RS = (3 2) 2 (2 3) 2 = 1 25 = 26 units
SP = (3 2) 2 (2 1) 2 = 26 units
PR = (2 2) 2 (3 1) 2 = 16 16 = 4 2 units
and, QS = (3 3) 2 (2 4) 2
= 36 36 =6 2 units
PQ = QR = RS = SP = 26 units
and, PR QS
This means that PQRS is a quadrilateral whose sides are equal but diagonals are not
equal.
Thus, PQRS is a rhombus but not a square.
1
Now, Area of rhombus PQRS = × (Product of lengths of diagonals)
2
Area of rhombus PQRS = 1
× (PR × QS)
2
Area of rhombus PQRS
1
= 4 2 6 2 sq. units = 24 sq. units
2
4. Let A(1, –2) and B(–3, 4) be the given points.
Let the points of trisection be P and Q. Then,
AP = PQ = QB = (say).
A(1,–2) P Q B(–3,4)
PB = PQ + QB = 2 and AQ = AP + PQ = 2
AP : PB = : 2 = 1 : 2 and
AQ : QB = 2 : = 2 : 1
So, P divides AB internally in the ratio 1 : 2 while Q divides internally in the ratio 2 : 1.
Thus, the coordinates of P and Q are
P 1 (3) 2 1 , 1 4 2 (2) = P 1 , 0
1 2 1 2 3
Q 2 (3) 1 1 , 2 4 1 (2) =Q 5 , 2 respectively
2 1 2 1 3
Hence, the two points of trisection are (–1/3, 0) and (–5/3, 2).
5. Suppose the line 3x + y – 9 = 0 divides the line segment joining A (1, 3) and B(2, 7) in the
ratio k : 1 at point C. Then, the coordinates of C are
2k 1 7 k 3
,
k 1 k 1
But, C lies on 3x + y – 9 = 0. Therefore,
7k 3
3 2k 1 + –9=0
k 1 k 1
6k + 3 + 7k + 3 – 9k – 9 = 0
k= 3
4
So, the required ratio is 3 : 4 internally
6. Let D, E, F be the mid-points of the sides BC, CA and AB respectively. Then, the
coordinates of D, E and F are
D 5 3 , 3 1 = D(4, 1),
2 2
E 3 7 , 1 3 = E (5, –2)
2 2
and, F 7 5 , 3 3 = F (6, 0)
2 2
A(7, –3)
E(5, –2)
F(6, 0)
B(5, 3) D(4, 1) C(3, –1)
AD = (7 4) 2 (3 1) 2 = 9 16 = 5 units
BE = (5 5) 2 (2 3) 2 = 0 25 = 5 units
and, CF = (6 3) 2 (0 1) 2 = 9 1 = 10 units.
7. We know that the diagonals of a parallelogram bisect each other. Therefore, the
coordinates of the mid-point of AC are same as the coordinates of the mid-point of
BD i.e.,
2 4 1 b a 1 0 2
, = ,
2 2 2 2
b 1 a 1
1, = , 1
2 2
a 1 b 1
= 1 and =1
2 2
a + 1 = 2 and b – 1 = 2
a = 1 and b = 3
8. Let the given points be A, B, C and D respectively. Then,
Coordinates of the mid-point of AC are
4 7 1 2 11 1
, = ,
2 2 2 2
Coordinates of the mid-point of BD are
6 5 0 1 11 1
, = ,
2 2 2 2
Thus, AC and BD have the same mid-point.
Hence, ABCD is a parallelogram.
Now, AB = (6 4) 2 (0 1) 2 = 5 ,
BC = (7 6) 2 (2 0) 2 = 5
AB = BC
So, ABCD is a parallelogram whose adjacent sides are equal.
Hence, ABCD is a rhombus.
We have,
AC = (7 4) 2 (2 1) 2 =3 2 and
BD = (6 5) 2 (0 1) 2 = 2
Clearly, AC BD.
So, ABCD is not a square.
9. O(0, 0) and A(3, 3 ) be the given points and let B(x, y) be the third vertex of
equilateral OAB. Then,
OA = OB = AB
OA2 = OB2 = AB2
We have, OA2 = (3 – 0)2 + ( 3 – 0)2 = 12,
OB2 = x2 + y2
and, AB2 = (x – 3)2 + (y – 3 )2
AB2 = x2 + y2 – 6x – 2 3 y + 12
OA2 = OB2 = AB2
OA2 = OB2 and OB2 = AB2
x2 + y2 = 12
and, x2 + y2 = x2 + y2 – 6x – 2 3 y + 12
x2 + y2 = 12 and 6x + 2 3 y = 12
x2 + y2 = 12 and 3x + 3 y=6
2
6 3x
x2 + = 12
3
6 3x
3x 3y 6 y
3
3x2 + (6 – 3x)2 = 36
12x2 – 36x = 0 x = 0, 3
x=0 3 y=6
Putting x 0 in
y= 6
=2 3 3x 3y 6
3
and, x = 3 9 + 3 y=6
Putting x 3 in
y = 69 = – 3 3x 3 y 6
3
Hence, the coordinates of the third vertex B are (0, 2 3 ) or (3, – 3 ).
10. Let A(1, – 1) and C(3, 4) be the two opposite vertices of a square ABCD and let B(x, y)
be the third vertex.
D C(1, –1)
A(3, 4) B(x, y)
Then, AB = BC
AB2 = BC2
(x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2 = (3 – x)2 + (4 – y)2
x2 – 2x + 1 + y2 + 2y + 1
= 9 – 6x + x2 + 16 – 8y + y2
x2 + y2 – 2x + 2y + 2 = x2 + y2 – 6x – 8y + 25
4x + 10y = 23
23 10 y
x= ….(1)
4
In right-angled triangle ABC, we have
AB2 + BC2 = AC2
(x – 3)2 + (y – 4)2 + (x – 1)2 + (y + 1)2
= (3 –1)2 + (4 + 1)2
x2 + y2 – 4x – 3y – 1 = 0 .... (2)
Substituting the value of x from (1) and (2),
we get
2
23 10 y
+ y2 – (23 – 10y) – 3y – 1 = 0
4
4y2 – 12y + 5 = 0 (2y – 1) (2y – 5) = 0
y= 1
or 5
2 2
1
Putting y = and y = 5 respectively in (1) we get
2 2
9 1
x= and x = respectively.
2 2
9 1 1 5
Hence, the required vertices of the square are , and , .
2 2 2 2
[Link] that the circumcentre of a triangle is equidistant from the vertices of a triangle.
Let
A (8, 6), B(8, –2) and C(2, – 2) be the vertices of the given triangle and let P (x, y) be
the circumcentre of this triangle. Then,
PA = PB = PC PA2 = PB2 = PC2
A(8, 6)
P(x,y)
B(8,–2) C(2,–2)
Now, PA2 = PB2
(x – 8)2 + (y – 6)2 = (x – 8)2 + (y + 2)2
x2 + y2 – 16x – 12y + 100
= x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y + 68
16y = 32 y=2
and, PB2 = PC2
(x – 8)2 + (y + 2)2 = (x – 2)2 + (y + 2)2
x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y + 68 = x2 + y2 – 4x + 4y + 8
12x = 60 x = 5
So, the coordinates of the circumcentre P are
(5, 2).
Also, Circum-radius = PA = PB = PC
= (5 8) 2 (2 6) 2 = 9 16 =5
12. Let A(x1, y1), B(x2, y2) and C(x3, y3) be the vertices of ABC. Let D (1, 2), E (0, –1),
and
F(2, –1) be the mid-points of sides BC, CA and AB respectively. Since D is the mid-point
of BC.
x 2 x3 y 2 y3
= 1 and =2
2 2
x2 + x3 = 2 and y2 + y3 = 4 .... (1)
Similarly, E and F are the mid-point of CA and AB respectively.
x1 x 3 y1 y3
= 0 and =–1
2 2
x1 + x3 = 0 and y1 + y3 = – 2....(2)
x1 x 2 y1 y 2
and = 2 and =–1
2 2
x1 + x2 = 4 and y1 + y2 = –2....(3)
From (1), (2) and (3), we get
(x2 + x3) + (x1 + x3) + (x1 + x2) = 2 + 0 + 4 and,
(y2 + y3) + (y1 + y3) + (y1 + y2) = 4 –2 – 2
2(x1 + x2 + x3) = 6 and
2(y1 + y2 + y3) = 0 .... (4)
x1 + x2 + x3 = 3
and y1 + y2 + y3 = 0
From (1) and (4), we get
x1 + 2 = 3 and y1 + 4 = 0
x1 = 1 and y1 = – 4
So, the coordinates of A are (1, – 4)
From (2) and (4), we get
x2 + 0 = 3 and y2 – 2 = 0
x2 = 3 and y2 = 2
So, coordinates of B are (3, 2)
From (3) and (4), we get
x3 + 4 = 3 and y3 – 2 = 0
x3 = – 1 and y3 = 2
So, coordinates of C are (–1, 2)
Hence, the vertices of the triangle ABC are
A(1, – 4), B(3, 2) and C(–1, 2).
