MATHS-IA

VERY SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

ADDITION OF VECTORS
1. Find a vector in the direction of vector a  i  2 j that has magnitude 7 units.
2. Find the unit vector in the direction of the sum of the vectors, a  2i  2 j  5k and b  2i  j  3k .
3. Let a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  j . Find the unit vector in the direction of a  b .
4. Write direction ratios of the vector a  i  j  2k and hence calculate its direction cosines.
6. Show that the points A(2i  j  k ), B (i  3 j  5k ), C (3i  4 j  4k ) are the vertices of a right angled triangle.
7. If the vectors 2i   i  k and 4i  2i  2k are perpendicular to each other then find 
8. a  2i  j  k , b  i  3 j  5k . Find the vector c such that a, b and c from the sides of a triangle.
9. Find the ratio in which the point i  2 j  3k divides the join of 2i  3 j  5k and 7i  k .
10. Find a unit vector bisecting the angle between 2i  j  2k ,3i  2 j  6k .
11. Write the position vector of the centroid of the triangle formed by the points whose position vectors are
3i  2 j  k , 2i  2 j  5k , i  3 j  k .
12. Find the position vector of the centroid of the tetrahedron formed by the points
2i  j  3k , 4i  j  3k ,3i  2 j  k , i  4 j  2k .
13. In  le ABC if a, b, c are position vectors of the vertices A, B and C respectively then prove that the position
1
vector of the centriod G is
3

abc 
14. Show that the points whose position vectors are 2a  3b  5c, a  2b  3c, 7a  c are collinear when a, b, c are
non-coplanar vectors
15. Using the vector equation of the straight line passing through 2 points, prove that the points whose position
  
vectors are a , b and 3 a  2 b are collinear.
16. Find the direction cosines of the vector a  i  j  2k .
17. Show that the points whose position vectors 2a  3b  5c, a  2b  3c, 7a  c are collinear when a, b, c are
non coplanar vectors.
18. If  ,  and  are the angles made by the vector 3i  6 j  2k with the positive directions of the coordinate
axes. Then find cos  , cos  , cos  .
19. Find the angles made by the straight line passing through the points (1,-3,2) and (3,-5,1) with the coordinates
axes.
20. ABCD is a parallelogram. If L and M are the middle points of BC and CD respectively, then
find '  ' if AM   AD  LM
21. In  ABC P, Q, R are the mid points of the sides AB, BC, CA respectively. If ‘D’ is any point
and PA  QB  RC   , Then find 
PRODUCT OF VECTORS
1. The vectors AB  3i  2 j  2k and AD  i  2k represents adjacent sides of a parallelogram ABCD. Find the angle
between the diagonals.
2. Find the Cartesian equation of the plane passing through the point (-2,1,3) and perpendicular to the vector
3i  j  5k .
3. a  2i  j  k , b  i  3 j  5k Find the vector c such that a, b, c form the sides of a triangle.
4. Find Unit vector parallel to the XOY plane and perpendicular to the vector 4i  3 j  k .
5. Find the equation of the plane passing through the point a  2i  3 j  k and perpendicular to the vector
3i  2 j  2k and the distance of this plane from the origin.
1
6. Let a  2i  j  2k b  i  j If c is a vector such that a.c  c , c  a  2 2 and the angle between

a * b and c is is 300 then find the value of (a * b)* c .

7.  
Let a, b be two non collinear unit vectors If   a  a.b b ,   a * b then show that    .
8. Let a  4i  5 j  k , b  i  4 j  5k and c  3i  j  k Find vector  which is perpendicular to both a and b
and  .c =21
13. If a is a non zero vectors and b, c are two vectors such that a * b a * c then prove that b  c
14. If a  b  c  0 then prove that a * b  b * c  c * a .
15. If a.b  a.c and a * b  a * c a  0 then show that b  c .
16. If a  i  j  k c  j  k then find vector b such that a * b  c and a.b  3 .
17. a, b, c are three vectors of equal magnitudes and each of If a  b  c  6 then find a .

18.      
Show that i * a * i  j * a * j  k * a * k  2a for any vector a .
1
19.  
Let a , b and c be unit vectors such that b is not parallel to c and a * b * c  b Find the angles made by
2
a with each of b and c .
20. 
Find the distance of a point (2,5,-3) from the plane r. 6i  3 j  2k  4 
x 1 y z  3
21. Find the angle between the line   and the plane 10 x  2 y  11z  3
2 3 6
22. Determine  , for which the volume of the parallelepiped having coterminous edges i  j,3i  j and 3 j   k is
16 cubic units.
23.       a.a b * a 
Prove that a * a * a * b

24.  
If a  1 , b  1 , c  2 and a * a * c  b  c then find the angle between a and c .

25. Show that  a  b  .  a  c    a.b  a.c    a.a  b.c 

26. If a  6i  2 j  3k and b  2i  9 j  6k , then find a.b and the angle between a and b .
27. Let a and b be non-zero, non- collinear vectors.
28. If a  11, b  23 and a  b  30 , then find the angle between the vectors a, b and find a  b .
29 If a  i  j  k and b  2i  3 j  k , then find the projection vector of b and a and its magnitude.
30. If P,Q,R and S are points whose position vectors are i  k , i  2 j, 2i  3k and 3i  2 j  k respectively, then
find the component of RS and PQ.
31. Show that the points 2i  j  k , i  3 j  5k and 3i  4 j  4k are the vertices of right angled triangle, also find
the other angles.
32. Find the angle between the planes 2 x  3 y  6 z  5 and 6 x  2 y  9 z  4 .

33. For what values of  , the vectors i   j  2k and 8i  6 j  k are at right angles.
34. a  2i  j  k , b  i  3 j  5k . Find the vector c such that a, b and c form the sides of a triangle.
35. If a  i  2 j  3k and b  3i  5 j  k are two sides of a triangle, then find its area.
36. If a, b, c and d are vectors such that a  b  c  d and a  c  b  d then show that the vectors a  d and b  c
are parallel
37.    
Prove that a   a  a  b   a.a b  a
  
38. 
If a  2i  3 j  k and b  i  4 j  2k , then find a  b  a  b .   
2
39. If p  xi  y j  zk , then find p  k .

2
40.    
Compute 2 j  3i  4k  i  2 j  k .
41. Find unit vector perpendicular to both i  j  k and 2i  j  3k .
42. If  is the angle between the vectors i  j and j  k , then find sin  .
43. Find the area of the triangle having 3i  4 j and 5i  7 j as two of its sides.
44. Prove that the vectors a  2i  j  k , b  i  3 j  5k and c  3i  4 j  4k are coplanar.
45.  
If a  i  2 j  3k , b  2i  j  k , c  i  3 j  2k , then compute a b  c .
46. Simplify the following
         
(i) i  2 j  3k  2i  j  k  j  k (ii) 2i  3 j  k  i  j  2k  2i  j  k . 
47. Let a and b be non-zero vectors, non collinear vectors. If a  b  a  b then find the angle between a and b .
48. 53. Let a , b and c be non-coplanar vectors and   a  2b  c ,   2a  b  2c and   3a  7c , then
find     .
49. Let a , b and c be non-coplanar vectors. If  2a  b  3c, a  b  2c , a  b  3c     a b c  then find the
value of  .
50. Let a , b and c be non-coplanar vectors. If  a  2b 2 b  c 5c  a     a b c  then find  .
2
51. If a , b, c are mutually perpendicular unit vectors, then find the value of  a bc  .
52. If a , b, c are unit coplanar vectors, then find  2a  b, 2 b  c , 2c  a  .
53. Let a and b be non zero, non collinear vectors. If | a  b || a  b | then find the angle between a and b
54. 60. Let e1 and e2 be unit vectors making angle  . If 1 | e1  e2 | sin  then find 
2
55. If a  i  j  k and b  2i  3 j  k the find the projection vector of b on a and its magnitude.
56. Find the vector equation of the plane passing through the point a  2i  3 j  k and perpendicular to the
vector 3i  2 j  2k and the distance of this plane from the origin.
2 2 2
57. For any two vectors a and b , | a  b |2  a b  a.b  
58. Find equation of plane through the point (3,- 2,1) and perpendicular to the vector (4,7,-
4)

59. Find distance of plane from origin when the plane passing through the point a  2i  3 j  k
and perpendicular to the vector 3i  2 j  2k
60. If a  13, b  5 and a.b  60 , then find a  b
TRIGNOMETRY UPTO TRANSFORMATIONS
1. If cos   0 , tan   sin   m and tan   sin   n then show that m2  n 2  4 mn .
2. Eliminate  from x  a cos3  ; y  b sin 3  .
cos110  sin 110
3. If tan = , then find the value of ‘’ in third quadrant.
cos110  sin 110
4. Find the extreme values of 3sin2 x + 5cos2x.
 4 6 9
5. Find the value of sin 2  sin 2  sin 2  sin  .
10 10 10 10
6. If sin   cos   2 find the value of sin n   cos ec n , n  Z .
7. If cos  t  0  t  1 and  does not lies in the first quadrant, find the values of sin  and tan  .
8. If  ,  are complementary angles such that b sin   a , then find the value of  sin  cos   cos  sin   .

3
 3
9. 2

If tan   1  e 2
 , show that sec  tan  .cos ec  
3
2e 
2 2

10. Define the period

11. If A, B, C , D are angles of a cyclic quadrilateral. Then prove that
a) sin A  sin C  sin D  sin B and b) cos A  cos B  cos C  cos D  0
12. Express 3 sin   cos as a sine of an angle
3 cos 25  sin 25
13. Express as a sine of an angle.
2
14.  cos  sin   as a cosine of an angle
15. tan  in terms of tan  , if sin      cos    
5 4
16. If 00  A, B  900 , such that cos A  and sin B  , find the value of sin  A  B 
13 5
17. What is the value of tan 20  tan 40  3 tan 20 tan 400 ?
0 0

18. Find the value of tan 56  tan11  tan 56 tan110 .

sin  A  B  sin  A  B  sin  C  A 
19. Evaluate i)  2 2
ii) 
cos A cos B sin C sin A
20. Prove that cos350  cos850  cos1550  0
21. Find the expansion of i) sin  A  B  C  ii) cos  A  B  C 
2 1
22. If cos A  , find the value of cos 2A .
2 2
3 3 
23. If cos   and     , find the value of tan .
5 2 2
sin   sin 2
24. Prove that  tan 
1  cos   cos 2
3cos   cos3
25. Simplify
3sin   sin 3
26. Express cos6 A  sin 6 A in terms of sin 2A
1  cos   sin  
27. Express in terms of tan .
1  cos   sin  2
3 
28. If sin   , where     , evaluate cos 3 and tan 2
5 2
7 3 A
29. If cos A  and  A  2 , then find the value of cot .
25 2 2
30. Find the extreme values of i) cos 2 x  cos 2 x ii) 3sin 2 x  5cos 2 x
4   
31. If  lies in third quadrant and sin   , find the values of cos ec   and tan .
5 2 2
12  
32. If 4500    5400 and sin   , then calculate sin and cos .
13 2 2
33. Prove that
i) 3 cos ec 20 0  sec 20 0  4
cos3 A  sin 3 A
ii) tan 90  tan 27 0  cot 27 0  cot 90  4 iii)  1  2sin 2 A
cos A  sin A

v)
 cos3   cos3   sin 3   sin 3 
 3
cos  sin 

sin  cos 
34. If  , then prove that a sin 2  b cos 2  b
a b
4
 cot 3 A  3cot A
35. For what values of A in the first quadrant , the expression is positive.
3cot 2 A  1
5  
36. If cos   and 2700    3600 , evaluate sin and cos .
13 2 2
0 0 0
37. Prove that i) sin 50  sin 70  sin10  0
sin 70  cos 40 1
ii)  iii) cos55  cos 65  cos175  0
cos50  sin 20 3
3 5 5 1
iv) cos 480 cos120  v) sin 780  cos1320 
8 4
1
vi) sin 210 cos90  cos840 cos 60 
4
 2 3 7
38. Prove that cot cot cot .......cot 1
16 16 16 16
39. Find the period of the function f  x   x   x  x  R where [x] =integral part of x
40. Show that cos 42  cos 780  cos162 0  0
   
41. Find the maximum and minimum value of cos  x    2 2 sin  x    3
 3  3
42. If sec  tan   5 , find the quadrant in which  lies and find the value of sin  .
43. Find the value of 2  sin 6   cos 6    3  sin 4   cos 4  
1
44. If cos ec  cot   , find cos and determine the quadrant in which  lies
3
2 2 2
45. If a cos  b sin   c , then show that a sin   b cos    a  b  c
46. If 3sin A  5cos A  5 , then show that 5sin A  3cos A  3
47. Sketch the graph of cos2x in the interval  0,  
1 1
48. If sin   ,sin   and  ,  are acute, show that      / 4
10 5
12 3
49. If sin A  ,cos B  and neither A nor B is in the first quadrant, then find the quadrant in
13 5
which A+B lies
50. Prove that tan 720  tan180  2 tan 540
2  A 2  A
51. Evaluate sin     sin   
8 2 8 2
2 10 2 10
52. Evaluate cos 52  sin 22
2 2
1 1
53. If tan   tan   m and cot   cot   n , then prove that  cot      
m n
0 0
1 1
54. Find the value of (i) sin 22 (ii) cos 22
2 2
1 1 4
55. Prove that  
cos 2900 3 sin 2500 3

5
 0 4    
56. If 180    2700 and sin   calculate sin   and cos  
5 2 2
57. Prove that 4cos120 cos 480 cos720  cos360
FUNCTIONS
1
1. If f : R \ 0  R is defined by f ( x )  x  then prove that ( f ( x )) 2  f ( x 2 )  f (1)
x
e x  e x
2. Determine whether the function f : R  R defined by f ( x)  x is an injection or a surjection or a
e  ex
bijection
3. Find the domain of difination of the function y(x), given by the equation 2 x  2 y  2
4. If f : R  R is defined as f (x+y) = f ( x  y )  f ( x)  f ( y ) x, y  R and f(1) = 7 , when find
n

 f (r )
r 1
5. Define the following functions and write an example for each
i)Constant function ii)Inverse function iii)Composite function
6
7. If g  (1,1)(2,3), (3,5)(4, 7) a function from A  1, 2,3, 4 to B  1,3,5, 7 If this given by the formula
g(x)=ax+b, then find a and b ?s
8. Which of the following are injections (or) surjection (or) bijection ? justify your answers.
2x  1
i) f : R  R defined by f ( x ) 
3
ii) f : R  (0, ) defined by f ( x )  2 x
iii) f : (0, )  R defined by f ( x)  log e x
iv) f : R  (0, ) defined by f ( x)  x 2

9. Find the domains of the following real valued functions

1  3 x 
i) f ( x)  ii) f ( x)  log10  
2
 x   x   2  x 
10. Determine whether the following functions are even (or) odd
 ex 1 
x x
i) f ( x)  a  a  sin x ii) f ( x)  x  x
 e 1 
2
 iii) f ( x)  log x  x  1 
11. If f ( x )  x 2 & g ( x)  x , find the following functions
I)f+g ii) f – g iii) fg iv) 2f
2
v) f vi)f + 3
x if x  2
12. Determine whether the function f : R  R defined by f  x    is an injection (or)
5 x  2 if x  2
surjection (or) bijection.
13. If A   x /  1  x  1  ; f  x   x 2 , g  x   x 3 which are the following are surjection.
4x
14. If the function f : R  R defined by f ( x )  , then show that f (1  x )  1  f ( x)
4x  2
And hence deduce the value of f (1/ 4)  2 f (1/ 2)  f (3 / 4)
15. If the function f : 1,1  0, 2 defined by f(x) = ax  b is a surjection then find a and b
0 if x  Q 1 if x  Q
16. If f,g : R  R are defined by f(x) =   and g ( x)  
1 if x  Q  0 if x  Q
Then find (fog) ( ) ( gof )(e)

6
17. If f ( x)  e x and g(x) = log e x then that fog = gof and find f 1 and g 1
y y
18. If f ( x )  , g ( y)  that show that (fog) (y) = y.
2
1 y 1 y2
19. If f : R  R and g : R  R are defined by f ( x)  2 x 2  3 and g ( x )  3 x  2 then find
i) (fog)(x) ii) (gof)(x) iii) fof (0) iv) go (fof) (3)
x 1
20. If f ( x )  1  x  x 2         for x  1 then show that f 1 ( x) 
x
21. If f : 1,    1,   defined by f ( x )  2 x ( x 1) 1
then find f ( x)
x 1
22. If f ( x)  , x  1 , then verify fof 1 ( x )  x
x 1
x 1
23. If f(x) = 2x-1, g ( x )  for all x  R , then find (gof) (x)
2
24. f : N  N be defined by f  x   2 x  3 is injection (or) surjection (or) bijection. Justify your answer?
25. Let f ( x )  x 2 , g ( x)  2 x , then solve the equation (fog)(x)= (gof)(x)s
26. Let f : R  R , g : R  R be defined by f ( x)  2 x  3, g ( x )  x 3  5 then find ( fog )1 ( x )
27. Find the domains of the following real valued functions
1
i) f ( x )  (a  0) ii) f ( x)  ( x  2)( x  3)
x  a2
2

iii) f ( x )  ( x   )(   x)(0   ,  )
1
v) f ( x )  x  x vi) f ( x ) 
1  x2
1
vii) f ( x )  x  3 viii) f ( x) 
1  x 21
3x
ix) f ( x)  x) f ( x)   x   x
x 1
2 x  2 x
xi) f ( x)  x 2  3x  2 xii) f ( x) 
x
1 4  x2
xiii) f ( x)  xiv) f ( x) 
3 ( x  2) log (4  x )10  x  2
1
xvi) f ( x )  x  2 
log10 (1  x)
28. Determine whether the function f : R  R Defined by f  x x 2
is an injection (or) surjection (or)
bijection.
29. Find the domain of (i) f  x    x      x   0     
1
(ii) f  x   2  x  1  x (iii) f  x   x 2  1 
2
x  3x  2
3 x 
(iv) f  x   log  x  [ x ] (v) f  x   log10  
 x 
1 1
(vi) f  x   x  2  (vii) f  x  
log10 1  x  2
[ x]  [ x]  2
3 x  3 x 1
(viii) f  x   (ix) f  x  
x log  2  x 
(x) f  x   log 0.3  x  x 2  (xi) log  x 2  4 x  3

7
 tan  [ x]
30. Find the domain and range of (i) f  x  
1  sin  [ x ]  [ x 2 ]
x
(ii) f  x   (iii) f  x   x  x  1
2  3x
2 x x
(iv) f  x   (v) f  x  
2 x 1  x2
(vi) f  x   9  x 2
31. Find the range of (i) log 4  x 2
x2  4 sin  [ x ]
(ii) (iii) 9  x2 (iv)
x2 1  x2

32. If f  x  y   f  xy  x, y  R then prove that f is a constant function.

MATRICES
1 Define trace of matrix
2 Define diagonal matrix
3 Define scalar matrix and give one example
4 Define unit matrix and give one example
5 Define triangular matrices and give one example
 x  1 2 y  5  1  x 2  y 
6 If  z 0 2  2 0 z  then find the values of x, y, z, a
 
1 1 1  a  1 1 1 
 2 3 1 1 2  1 
7 If A =   B=  0  1 3 then find X such their A+B-X when is the order of X.
6  1 5   

 x 1 5 y 
2 1 2 3
0 z 1 7  = 0 4 7  then find values of x, y, z, a .
8.    
1 0 a  5 1 0 0 
1 3  5
2 1 5
9. Find the trace of  
 2 0 1 
0 1 2  1 2 3
2 3 
4 B=  0 1 0  find B-A and 4A-5B .
10. If A =    
 4 5  6   0 0  1
11. A certan book shop has 10 dozen chemistry books 8 dozen physics boos, 10 dozen economics books. Their
selling prices are 80/- 60/- and 40/- respectively using matrix algebra, find the total value of the books in
the shop.
0 1 2 1  2
1 2 3  1  0 
12. If A =   B=   then find AB and BA.
 2 3 4   2  1
5 1 
 2 1 4
13. Find the product of (i )  1 4 2 1  (ii)  6  2 3
 2
   
3   1 

8
 3 4 9  o c  b  a2 ab ac 
0  1 5  13 2 0  c  
(iii) 0 (iv) o a  ab b 2
bc 
 
 4 1  
 ac
 2 6 12  b a o 
 bc c 2 
2 3
1  2 3 4
14. A =  4 2 B= 5 do AB and BA exist ? If they exist find them Do A and B commute
 5  
 2 1 
with resput to multiplication
 4 2
15. Find A2 , when A =  
 1 1

i 0 0  1  0 i  2 2 2
16. If A =  0  i  B = 1 0 C = i 0  then show that (i) A = B = C = -I
     
(ii) AB = -BA = -C
2 1  3 2 0
17. If A =   and B =  find AB. Find BA if it exist .
1 3 1 0 4 
18. Define symmetric matrix and given example ?
19. Define skew symmetric matrix and given one example ?
0 4 2
20. 
If A =  4 0 8  is a skew symmetric matrix find the value of x.

 2  8 x 
2 0 1  1 1 0 
21. If A =  1 1  and B =   then find (AB1)1
 5 0 1  2
2  4
22. If A =  5  then find A+A1 and AA1
 3
 0 1 4
23. If A =  1 0 7  symmetric or skew symmetric ?
 
 4  7 0 
 cos x sin x  1 1
24. A =   sin x cos x  show that AA = A A
 
 7 2   2 1 

25. If A =  1 
2 and B =  4 2  then find AB1 and BA1
  
 5 3  1 0 
1 1
26. Find the determinate of A =  3
 1
2 1 4
27. Find the minors of -1 and 3 in the matrix 0 2 5
 
 31 3
 1 0 5

28. Find the cofactors of the lements 2,-5 in the matrix  1 2  2

 4  5 3 
1  1 2
29. Find the determinant of the matrix 3 0 4

 4  2 5

9
 2 1   4 5 i o 
30. Find the determinants of the following matrix (i)   (ii)  6 2  (iii)  o  i 
1  5    

(iv) (v) (vi) (vii)

a h g a b c  12 23 32 
h b  2 
(viii) f  (ix) b c a  (x)
2 32 42 
   
 g f c   c a b   32 42 52 

1 0 0
31. If A = 2 3 4  and det A = 45 then find x .
 
5  6 x 

32. Find the adjoint and the inverse of the following matrices.
1 0 2  2 1 2
 2  3  cos x  sin x    1
(i)   (ii)   (iii)  2 1 0  (iv) 0 1
4 6 sin x cos x  
    3 2 1  2 2 1
a o o 
33. If abc ≠ 0 , find the inverse of  o b o 
 o o c 
[Link] AB = I or BA = I, then prove that A is invertible and B = A-1.
1 2 1 
[Link] the rank of A =  1 0 2
 0 1  1
1 2 0  1 
[Link] the rank of A = 3 4 1 2  using elementary transformations.

 2 3 2 5
[Link] the rank of each of the following matrices .
1 0  1 0 1 1 1 1
(i) 0 0 (ii)  0 1 (iii) 0 0 (iv) 1
       0 

1 0 0
1 0  4 1 2 6 0
(v) 2 1 (vi) (vii) 0 1
 3  2 4
 3  
 0 1 0 
1 1 
4 1 2 3
(viii) 23 0  (ix)  2 3 4 (x)
   
 0
1 2   0 1 2 
1 2 0  1  0 1 1  2 
(xi)  3 4 1 2  (xii)  4 0 2 5
   
 2 3 2 5  2 1 3 1 
38. Define upper triangles matrix and given one example
39. A trust fund has to invest RS.30000 in two different types of bonds. The first bond pays 5% interest per year,
and the second bond pays 7% interest per year. Using matrixs multiolication determine how to divide
Rs.30000 among the two types of bonds. If the trust fund must obtain an annual total interest of Rs.1800

40. Show that the determined of a Skew symmetric matrix of order three is always zero
41. Definite invertible matrix.
10
 1 1
42. Let A and B be invertible matrices then A1 , A1 are invertible. Prove that  A1    A1 
1 2 6
43. Find the rank of matrix  
 2 4 3
44. Find whether the following system of linear homogenous equation has a non trivial solution x  y  z  0 ,
x  2 y  z  0 , 2 x  y  3z  0
45. If AB  I or BA  I then prove that A is invertible and B  A1
46. Define singular and non singular matrices and give examples.
47. Define rank of a matrix.
3 0 0
48. If A   0 3 0  then find A3
 0 0 3
i 0 1
49. Find the additive inverse of A where A   0 i 2  .

 1 1 5 

 2 1 2   1 2 
 3 4    T
 BT AT
50. If A= 1
 
and B= 3

0

then verify that  AB 
   5 4 
51. Give examples of two suare matrices A and B of the same order for which AB = O, but BA  0 .
HYPERBOLIC FUNCTIONS

1. 
For any x  1   cosh 1 x  log e x  x 2  1 
3Tanhx  Tanh3 x
2. Prove that x  R, Tanh3 x 
1  3Tanh 2 x
3. 
If     , 
4 4   
and x  log e  cot     then prove that coshx = sec2 
 4 
2
4. Show that cosh 2 x  1  2 sinh x

11