Introduction to ABAP Data Dictionary

SAP ABAP DATA DICTIONARY O VERVIEW

SAP ABAP TABLES

SAP ABAP CREATE DATABASE TABLES

SAP ABAP VIEWS

SAP ABAP DATA TYPES

SAP ABAP TYPE GROUP

SAP ABAP SEARCH HELP

SAP ABAP L OCK O BJECT

SAP ABAP DATA DICTIONARY O VERVIEW

ABAP DATA DICTIONARY (DDIC) IS THE CENTRAL REPOSITORY FOR DATA DEFINITION IN SAP SYSTEMS. IN THE
DATA DICTIONARY , YOU CAN CREATE AND MAINTAIN OBJECTS THAT ARE RELATED TO THE DATABASE .

A NYTHING YOU SEE IN SE11, INCLUDING TABLES , DATA ELEMENTS , DOMAINS, SEARCH HELPS , VIEWS,
STRUCTURES , TABLE TYPES , LOCK OBJECTS ARE ALL DDIC OBJECTS . B ELOW IS THE SCREENSHOT OF SE11.
NOW LET ’S UNDERSTAND EACH OBJECT IN GENERAL .

DATABASE TABLES : DATABASE TABLES ARE MADE UP OF ROWS AND COLUMNS . DATABASE TABLES ARE THE
COLLECTION OF FIELDS THAT HAVE TECHNICAL ATTRIBUTES AS WELL AS THE SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION . THE
CUSTOM TABLES ( BY USER) SHOULD START WITH THE NAMING CONVENTION AS ‘Z’ OR ‘Y.’ A LL THE STANDARD
TABLES ( BY SAP) START WITH OTHER NAMES EXCEPT Z OR Y.

VIEW : A VIEW IS A VIRTUAL TABLE , WHICH DOES NOT HAVE ANY PHYSICAL EXISTENCE . IT IS CREATED BY
COMBINING THE DATA OF ONE OR MORE TABLES . A VIEW DOES NOT OCCUPY ANY STORAGE SPACE .

TABLE TYPE : A TABLE TYPE IS A GLOBAL REUSABLE OBJECT , IE , WE DECLARE IN SE11 TCODE , WHICH IS USED TO
DEFINE THE STRUCTURES AND FUNCTIONAL ATTRIBUTES OF AN INTERNAL TABLE IN ABAP. T O LEARN MORE
ABOUT THE INTERNAL TABLE , NAVIGATE TO ‘PART 3’.

DATA TYPE : DATA TYPE INCLUDES THE FOLLOWING LIST .

TYPE GROUP: TO ENCAPSULATE SIMILAR TYPE POOLS IN ONE GROUP , WE MAKE TYPE GROUP . THE INBUILT TYPE
POOLS PROVIDED BY SAP ARE SLIS, SAP.

DOMAIN : DOMAIN DESCRIBES THE TECHNICAL ATTRIBUTES SUCH AS DATA TYPES AND LENGTHS OF A TABLE
FIELD.

DATA ELEMENT : D ATA ELEMENT IN SAP ABAP GIVES THE SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION OF FIELDS SUCH AS FIELD
LABELS AND DOCUMENTATION . I T DESCRIBES HOW THE FIELD CAN BE DISPLAYED TO THE END -USER.

SEARCH HELP: TO ENABLE THE LIST OF ENTRIES FOR ONE FIELD OR MANY FIELDS , WE USE THE SEARCH HELP
OPTION . T HE FUNCTION KEY FOR SEARCH HELP IS F4.

L OCK OBJECTS: TO CONTROL THE PARALLEL ACCESS FOR THE SAME DATA BY MULTIPLE USERS , WE MAKE USE OF
THE LOCK OBJECTS . L OCK OBJECTS IN THE DATA DICTIONARY (DDIC) START WITH ‘E.’

TABLE VS STRUCTURE

SAP ABAP TABLES

A S DISCUSSED EARLIER , SAP ABAP TABLES ARE A COLLECTION OF FIELDS THAT ARE IN THE FORMAT OF ROWS
AND COLUMNS . EVERY FIELD IS MADE UP OF A DATA ELEMENT AND A DOMAIN .

WHILE DECLARING FIELDS IN THE DATABASE TABLE , ALL THE PRIMARY KEYS SHOULD COME TOGETHER IN THE
BEGINNING .

NOTE: MAXIMUM KEY FIELDS SHOULD BE 16. T OTAL FIELDS IN A TABLE CAN BE 294.

THE STANDARD DATABASE TABLES PROVIDED BY SAP ARE AS FOLLOWS :

VBAK — SALES D OCUMENT : HEADER DATA

VBAP — SALES D OCUMENT : ITEM SATA

KNA1 — CUSTOMER DETAILS

MARA — GENERAL MATERIAL D ATA

MARC — P LANT DATA FOR MATERIALS

FURTHER, THE TYPES OF TABLE IN SAP ABAP ARE AS FOLLOWS :

TRANSPARENT TABLES

POOL TABLES

CLUSTER TABLES

TRANSPARENT TABLES : IT HAS A ONE -TO-ONE RELATIONSHIP . THIS TYPE OF TABLE IS USED TO STORE
APPLICATION DATA .

POOL TABLES : IT HAS A MANY -TO- ONE RELATIONSHIP . MANY POOL TABLES ARE CLUBBED AND STORED IN A
SINGLE TABLE IN A DATABASE . T HIS TYPE OF TABLE IS USED TO STORE CONTROL DATA .

CLUSTER TABLES : I T HAS A MANY -TO-ONE RELATIONSHIP . MANY CLUSTER TABLES ARE CLUBBED AND STORED IN
A SINGLE TABLE IN A DATABASE .

CREATING DATABASE TABLES IN SAP ABAP

THE FOLLOWING ARE THE STEPS FOR CREATING THE CUSTOM TABLES .

EXECUTE THE TCODE ‘SE11’.

ONCE THE SCREEN GETS LOADED , SELECT THE ‘DATABASE TABLE ’ RADIO BUTTON AND PROVIDE THE NAME FOR
THE TABLE . REMEMBER, THE NAMING CONVENTION SHOULD START FROM ‘Z’ OR ‘Y’ TO INDICATE ITS THE
CUSTOM TABLE .
FURTHER, CLICK ON THE CREATE BUTTON AND ENTER THE SHORT DESCRIPTION . CHOOSE THE DELIVERY CLASS AS
‘A.’ A LSO, CHOOSE THE ‘DISPLAY /MAINTENANCE ALLOWED ’ FROM THE DROPDOWN .

THE DELIVERY CLASS IN SAP ABAP DETERMINES WHETHER THE DATA OF THE TABLE CAN BE TRANSPORTED OR
NOT . TYPES OF THE DELIVERY CLASS ARE AS FOLLOWS :

A — A PPLICATION TABLE (MASTER AND TRANSACTIONAL DATA )

C -CUSTOMER TABLE , MAINTENANCE ONLY BY THE CUSTOMER , NO SAP IMPORTS.

L -TABLE FOR STORING TEMPORARY DATA

G -CUSTOMIZING , PROTECTED AGAINST SAP UPDATES

E -C ONTROL TABLE

S -SYSTEM TABLE , EDITED ONLY BY SAP

W -SYSTEM TABLE

NOTE: WE USUALLY USE THE DELIVERY CLASS AS ‘A’ SINCE IT CONTAINS BOTH MASTER AD TRANSACTIONAL
DATA . MASTER DATA IS NEEDED ALOT BUT CHANGES SELDOMLY . T RANSACTIONAL DATA IS ALSO USED ALOT AND
CHANGES FREQUENTLY .
NAVIGATE TO THE ‘FIELDS’ TAB TO ENTER THE FIELDS OF THE TABLE . NOW THERE ARE TWO OPTIONS TO
PROVIDE DATA TYPES TO EACH FIELD , MAINLY BY DATA ELEMENT OR BY PREDEFINED DATA TYPE .

BELOW IS THE METHOD VIA THE ‘DATA ELEMENT .’

FIELD : L IST ALL THE FIELDS WHICH ARE REQUIRED FOR THE TABLE . PRIMARY KEYS SHOULD COME AT THE START .

KEY : TICK THE CHECKBOX FOR THE FIELDS WHICH ARE PRIMARY .

DATA ELEMENT : A LL THE DATA ELEMENTS WILL START WITH ‘Z’ AS THE NAMING CONVENTION .

FURTHER, DOUBLE CLICK ON EVERY DATA ELEMENT TO PROVIDE A SHORT DESCRIPTION ALONG WITH THE
DOMAIN NAME . T HE NAMING CONVENTION OF THE DOMAIN SHOULD START FROM ‘Z.’
A S DISCUSSED , THE DATA ELEMENT IN SAP ABAP PROVIDES THE SEMANTIC DESCRIPTION OF THE FIELDS . HENCE
ONE SHOULD ALWAYS PROVIDE THE FIELD LABEL . H ENCE NAVIGATE TO THE FIELD LABEL TAB AND PROVIDE 4
TYPES OF LENGTHS :

SHORT

MEDIUM

L ONG

HEADING
NAVIGATE AGAIN TO THE DATA TYPE TAB AND DOUBLE CLICK ON THE DOMAIN WHICH YOU PROVIDED . PROVIDE
A SHORT DESCRIPTION AND DATA TYPE OF THE PARTICULAR FIELD .

THE DOMAIN ALSO PROVIDES THE OPTION OF THE VALUE RANGE , WHICH ACTS AS THE DROPDOWN LIST FOR THE
PARTICULAR FIELD . PROVIDE THE RANGES AND CLICK ON SAVE AND HIT THE ACTIVATE BUTTON .
A LSO, SAVE AND ACTIVATE THE DATA ELEMENT. REPEAT THIS PROCEDURE FOR EVERY INDIVIDUAL FIELD BY
PROVIDING DATA ELEMENTS , FIELD LABELS , DOMAINS .

NOW CLICK ON THE ‘TECHNICAL SETTINGS ’ BUTTON OR HIT ‘CTRL+SHIFT+F9’. HERE , WE PROVIDE THE DATA
CLASS AND SIZE CATEGORY .

DATA CLASS: THIS IS THE PHYSICAL AREA IN THE DATABASE WHERE ALL THE DATA OF THE TABLE ARE STORED .
WITH THE HELP OF THE DATA CLASS , SAP SEGREGATES AND ORGANIZES THE TABLES ACCORDING TO THEIR TYPES
OF DATA . I T KEEPS ALL THE MASTER DATA TOGETHER , ALL TRANSACTION DATA TOGETHER , ALL USER DATA , AND
ALL ORGANIZATION DATA TOGETHER . T HIS INCREASES SYSTEM PERFORMANCE . FOLLOWING ARE THE TYPES OF
DATA CLASS :

APPL0 -MASTER DATA ( DATA WHICH CHANGES SELDOMLY )

APPL1 -TRANSACTIONAL DATA (D ATA WHICH CHANGES FREQUENTLY )

APPL2 -ORGANIZATION DATA (CUSTOMIZING DATA THAT IS DEFINED WHEN THE SYSTEM IS INSTALLED AND
SELDOMLY CHANGED.

SIZE CATEGORY : THIS DETERMINES THE EXPECTED SIZE REQUIRED FOR THE TABLE . THE DEFAULT SIZE FOR TYPE
‘0’ IS 8 KB.

SAVE , ACTIVATE , AND HIT ON THE ‘NO’ BUTTON .

WE ARE DONE WITH THE CREATION OF A TABLE . NOW TO CREATE ENTRIES IN A TABLE , NAVIGATE TO UTILITIES >
TABLE CONTENTS > CREATE ENTIRES .
FILL THE ENTIRES ONE BY ONE AND HIT THE SAVE BUTTON .

ONCE ALL THE ENTRIES ARE CREATED , GO BACK AND HIT THE CONTENTS BUTTON (CTRL+SHIFT +F10) AND CLICK
ON THE EXECUTE ICON (F8).

OUTPUT:
SAP ABAP VIEWS

A S DISCUSSED EARLIER , VIEWS ARE VIRTUAL TABLES . THERE ARE FOUR TYPES OF ABAP VIEWS.

DATABASE VIEWS : THIS TYPE OF VIEW CREATES A JOIN BETWEEN TWO OR MORE TABLES BASED ON COMMON
FIELDS. MOREOVER , D ATABASE VIEWS ARE ONLY MEANT FOR READING PURPOSES .

PROJECTION VIEWS : THIS TYPE OF VIEW DOES NOT JOIN ANY TABLES . IT SIMPLY USES ONE TABLE AND SHOWS
THE OUTPUT TO THE USER . T HIS VIEW IS MEANT FOR BOTH READING AND WRITING PURPOSES .

MAINTENANCE VIEWS : THIS VIEW IS THE SAME AS THE DATABASE VIEW . MAINTENANCE VIEWS GENERATE THE
SCREEN RUNTIME FOR MAINTAINING AND DISPLAYING RECORDS .

HELP VIEWS: THIS IS A SPECIAL VIEW FOR USE IN SEARCH HELPS (F4).

STEPS TO CREATE D ATABASE VIEW

NAVIGATE TO SE11 TRANSACTION . CHOOSE THE RADIO BUTTON WHICH SAYS ‘VIEW.’ GIVE A SUITABLE NAME
FOR THE SAME . ENSURE THE NAMING CONVENTION SHOULD START FROM ‘Z’ OR ‘Y.’ O NCE DONE , CLICK ON THE
CREATE BUTTON .
YOU WILL GET THE SCREEN WHICH HAS VARIOUS TYPES OF VIEWS . HERE WE WILL GO FOR THE ‘DATABASE
VIEW.’

GIVE A SHORT DESCRIPTION . NEXT , PROVIDE THE NAME OF THE MASTER TABLE (KNA1), CLICK ON THE
RELATIONSHIP BUTTON , AND SELECT THE DEPENDENT TABLE (VBAK). O NCE WE SELECT TWO TABLES , WE GET
THE JOIN CONDITION AUTOMATICALLY . H ERE THE JOIN CONDITION IS ON FIELDS ‘MANDT ’ AND ‘KUNNR.’

NOTE: SINCE DATABASE VIEW ENABLES JOINS OF 2 TABLES, HENCE WE HAVE AN OPTION OF RELATIONSHIP
BUTTON .
FURTHER, NAVIGATE TO VIEW FIELDS TAB AND MENTION THE FIELDS WHICH YOU WANT TO DISPLAY TO THE
USER FROM BOTH THE TABLES . I N OUR EXAMPLE , THE TWO TABLES ARE KNA1 AND VBAK.

NOTE: THE ABOVE SCREENSHOT WILL THROW AN ERROR SINCE THERE IS A BLANK SPACE IN THE VIEW FIELD OF
CUSTOMER ID. H ENCE ENSURE IT WRITE AS ‘CUSTOMER _ID’.

SAVE AND HIT THE ACTIVATE ICON (CTRL +F3). NAVIGATE TO THE UTILITIES TAB LOCATED ON THE MENU BAR
AND CLICK ON THE CONTENTS OPTION . T HE BELOW SCREEN GETS DISPLAYED .
THE BELOW OUTPUT DISPLAYS THE ENTRIES FOR THE FIELDS ‘CUSTOMER’ AND ‘NAME .’ THERE IS NO ENTRY FOR
THE FIELDS ‘CITY ’ AND ‘S ALES DOCUMENT .’

STEPS TO CREATE PROJECTION VIEW

NAVIAGTE TO SE11 > CHOOSE ‘VIEW ’ RADIO-BUTTON >PROJECTION VIEW .

ENTER THE SHORT DESCRIPTION AND PROVIDE THE BASE TABLE . HERE WE ARE USING THE ‘KNA1’ TABLE IN OUR
PROJECTION VIEW EXAMPLE . CLICK ON THE ‘TABLE FIELDS ’ BUTTON AND PROVIDE THE FIELDS WHICH YOU
WANT TO DISPLAY TO THE USER .
NOTE: THERE IS NO WORD AS A ‘RELATIONSHIP’ SINCE THE PROJECTION VIEW IS MEANT FOR ONLY ONE TABLE .

FURTHER, CLICK ON THE MAINTENANCE VIEW AND ENSURE THE SELECTED RADIO -BUTTON IS READ AND
CHANGE .

SAVE AND ACTIVATE AND HIT THE UTILITIES FROM THE MENU BAR TO VIEW THE CONTENTS .

STEPS TO CREATE MAINTENANCE VIEW

NAVIAGTE TO SE11 > CHOOSE ‘VIEW ’ RADIO-BUTTON >MAINTENANCE VIEW .

PROVIDE A SHORT DESCRIPTION . ENTER THE BASE TABLE AS KNB1 AND CLICK ON THE ‘RELATIONSHIP’ BUTTON .
SELECT THE SUITABLE CHECKBOX AND CLICK ON THE ‘COPY ’ BUTTON . SAVE AND HIT THE ACTIVATE ICON .
FURTHER, GO TO THE UTILITIES TAB > TABLE MAINTENANCE GENERATOR .

A DD THE A UTHORIZATION GROUP — SUNI

MAINTENANCE SCREEN — ONE STEP > OVERVIEW SCREEN > 1.

CLICK ON THE ‘CREATE ’ ICON , WHICH IS LOCATED TO THE EXTREME LEFT BESIDES ‘FIND SCR. NUMBER’

FURTHER, GO BACK AND SELECT UTILITIES > CONTENTS. THE LAST STEP IS TO SELECT THE ‘MAINTAIN ’ BUTTON .
L ASTLY , MAINTAIN THE ENTRIES .

SAP ABAP DATA TYPES

FOLLOWING IS THE SEGREGATION OF GLOBAL DATA TYPES ON NAVIGATING TO SE11.

SINCE WE HAVE ALREADY SEEN THE CREATION OF A DATA ELEMENT PREVIOUSLY , HERE WE WILL CONCENTRATE
ON THE CREATION OF A STRUCTURE .

STEPS TO CREATE A SIMPLE GLOBAL STRUCTURE

CLICK ON THE ‘DATA -TYPE ’ RADIO BUTTON . PROVIDE THE APPROPRIATE NAME . HIT THE ‘CREATE ’ BUTTON .

ONCE THE SCREEN GETS LOADED , WE HAVE THREE OPTIONS TO GO FOR . WE WILL SELECT THE ‘STRUCTURE ’
RADIO BUTTON .

PROVIDE A SHORT DESCRIPTION AND TYPE THE FIELDS WHICH YOU WANT TO USE IN THE STRUCTURE . HERE I
HAVE USED BUILT -IN DATA TYPES FOR THE FIELDS ‘EMP_NAME’, ‘EMP_NO,’ AND ‘LOCATION.’

SAVE AND HIT THE ACTIVATE ICON (CTRL +F3).

NOW , WE WILL CONSUME THIS STRUCTURE IN OUR REPORT . SO NAVIGATE TO SE38 AND COPY -PASTE THE
BELOW SNIPPET .

LOGIC:

*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*& REPORT ZRDS_STRUCTURE
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*&
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
REPORT ZRDS_STRUCTURE.DATA : EMPLOYEE TYPE ZRDS_STRUCTURE.
EMPLOYEE-EMP_NAME = ‘SAP.’
EMPLOYEE-EMP_NO = ‘12346879’.
EMPLOYEE-LOCATION = ‘MUMBAI.’WRITE:/ EMPLOYEE-EMP_NAME, / EMPLOYEE-EMP_NO, /
EMPLOYEE-LOCATION.

OUTPUT:

STEPS TO CREATE A GLOBAL NESTED STRUCTURE

L ET’S USE THE EXISTING STRUCTURE . HERE , I HAVE ADDED THE FIELD ‘EMP_ADDRESS’.
DOUBLE CLICK ON THE DATA ELEMENT (ZRDS_ADDRESS) AND ADD THE FIELDS . SAVE , CHECK , AND ACTIVATE .

ONCE ADDING ALL THE FIELDS OF NESTED STRUCTURES , YOU WILL BE ABLE TO SEE THE ICON .

NOW , WE WILL CONSUME THIS STRUCTURE IN OUR REPORT . SO NAVIGATE TO SE38 AND COPY -PASTE THE
BELOW SNIPPET .

LOGIC:
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*& REPORT ZRDS_STRUCTURE_NESTED
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*&
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
REPORT ZRDS_STRUCTURE_NESTED.DATA : EMPLOYEE TYPE ZRDS_STRUCTURE.
EMPLOYEE-EMP_ADDRESS-EMP_CITY = ‘MUMBAI’.WRITE: EMPLOYEE-EMP_ADDRESS-
EMP_CITY.

OUTPUT:

STEPS TO CREATE SAP ABAP TYPE GROUPS

IN A TYPE GROUP, WE CAN DECLARE ALL THE LOCAL DATA TYPES AND CONSTANTS THAT CAN BE CONSUMED IN
DIFFERENT PROGRAMS .

RATHER THAN WRITING LOCAL TYPES , ONE PREFERS MAKING THE TYPE GROUPS THAT CONSOLIDATE ALL LOCAL
TYPES .

NOTE: TYPE GROUP IS A 5 CHAR NAME .

ABAP TYPE GROUPS CAN BE CREATED BY NAVIGATING TO SE11 TRANSACTION AND ENABLING THE TYPE GROUP
RADIO BUTTON .
ENTER THE SHORT DESCRIPTION . SAVE AND COPY -PASTE THE BELOW CODE SNIPPET .

LOGIC:

TYPE-POOL ZRDS1.TYPES : BEGIN OF ZRDS1_KNA1,

KUNNR TYPE KNA1-KUNNR,
LAND1 TYPE KNA1-LAND1,
NAME1 TYPE KNA1-NAME1,
END OF ZRDS1_KNA1.TYPES: BEGIN OF ZRDS1_VBAK,
VBELN TYPE VBAK-VBELN,
ERDAT TYPE VBAK-ERDAT,
END OF ZRDS1_VBAK.

FURTHER, WE WILL CONSUME THIS TYPE GROUP IN OUR SE38 REPORT .

LOGIC:

*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*& REPORT ZRDS_TYPE_POOL
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
*&
*& — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — -*
REPORT ZRDS_TYPE _POOL.TYPE-POOLS : ZRDS1.DATA : IT _KNA1 TYPE TABLE OF ZRDS1_KNA1,
WA _ KNA 1 TYPE ZRDS 1_ KNA 1.
SELECT KUNNR LAND 1 NAME 1 FROM KNA1 INTO TABLE IT_KNA1 UP TO 5 ROWS.
LOOP AT IT_KNA1 INTO WA_KNA 1.WRITE: / WA_KNA1-KUNNR, WA_KNA1-LAND 1, WA_KNA1-
NAME 1.ENDLOOP.

OUTPUT:
SAP ABAP SEARCH HELP

THERE ARE TWO TYPES OF SEARCH HELPS :

ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELP : BASED ON ONE SINGLE FIELD , WE CAN POPULATE THE DATA FOR THE REST OF THE
FIELDS IF THE TABLE .

COLLECTIVE SEARCH HELP : THIS COLLECTS SEVERAL ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELPS . HENCE , COLLECTIVE SEARCH
HELP PROVIDES AN ALTERNATIVE SEARCH PATH FOR A PARTICULAR FIELD .

L ISTED BELOW ARE THE STEPS TO CREATE ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELP .

ENABLE THE SEARCH HELP RADIO BUTTON AND PROVIDE THE APPROPRIATE NAME . CLICK ON THE ‘CREATE ’
BUTTON .

ONCE THE SCREEN GETS LOADED , WE WILL GET 2 OPTIONS. HERE GO FOR THE ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELP .
GIVE A SHORT DESCRIPTION . ENTER THE TABLE NAME IN THE SELECTION METHOD . HERE I HAVE USED THE TABLE
(ZRDS_EMPLOYEE), WHICH WAS CREATED EARLIER . FURTHER, CHANGE THE OPTION OF DIALOG TYPE TO
‘DISPLAY VALUES IMMEDIATELY.’ ENTERING THE HOTKEY IS OPTIONAL .

NEXT , ENTER THE FIELDS ON WHICH WE WANT TO POPULATE THE SEARCH HELP (HIT F4 TO GET THE LIST OF
FIELDS). H ERE I HAVE USED ALL FIELDS OF THE TABLE (ZRDS_EMPLOYEE).

PROVIDE ‘LPOS’ (L IST POSITION) AND ‘SPOS’ (SCREEN POSITION ) BETWEEN 0 TO 7.

SAVE , ACTIVATE THE SEARCH HELP , AND GO BACK TO THE DATABASE TABLE ON WHICH WE HAVE IMPLEMENTED
SEARCH HELP .

SELECT THE FIELD ON WHICH YOU WANT A SEARCH HELP . HERE , I HAVE DONE SEARCH HELP ON EMPLOYEE_ID.
HIT THE SEARCH BUTTON . ENTER THE SEARCH HELP NAME WHICH YOU CREATED PRIOR .
HIT THE ‘CREATE PROPOSAL’ BUTTON AND CLICK ON THE ‘COPY ’ BUTTON , WHICH IS LOCATED AT THE EXTREME
BOTTOM.

ONCE THE SEARCH HELP IS IMPLEMENTED SUCCESSFULLY , THE BELOW MESSAGE WILL POPUP .
FURTHER, NAVIGATE TO CONTENTS AND PRESS F4 ON THE EMPLOYEE_ID FIELD TO GET THE LIST OF DATA .
THIS IS THE FINAL OUTPUT .

BELOW ARE THE STEPS TO CREATE COLLECTIVE SEARCH HELP .

ENABLE THE SEARCH HELP RADIO BUTTON AND PROVIDE THE APPROPRIATE NAME . CLICK ON THE ‘CREATE ’
BUTTON . CHOOSE THE COLLECTIVE S EARCH H ELP RADIO BUTTON .

FOR C OLLECTIVE SEARCH HELP, WE NEED TO CREATE MORE THAN 1 ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELP . HERE I HAVE
ALREADY CREATED TWO ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELPS .

TO START WITH , NAVIGATE TO INCLUDED SEARCH HELPS TAB . MENTION ALL THE ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELPS .

SAVE IT AND NAVIGATE TO THE ‘D EFINITION ’ TAB.

ENTER ANY SINGLE FIELD FROM BOTH THE ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELPS AND NAVIGATE AGAIN TO ‘INCLUDED
SEARCH HELP.’ SELECT THE FIRST SEARCH HELP AND CLICK ON THE PARAMETER ASSIGNMENT . HIT YES AND
COPY .

REPEAT THE SAME FOR THE SECOND SEARCH HELP .

SAVE AND HIT THE ACTIVATE ICON AND EXECUTE IT THE SAME WAY AS ELEMENTARY SEARCH HELP .
NOTE: A T ONE TIME , ONLY A SINGLE SEARCH HELP CAN BE APPLIED TO A SINGLE FIELD .

L OCK OBJECTS IN SAP ABAP

L OCK OBJECT IN SAP ABAP IS THE FEATURE USED TO CONTROL ACCESS OF THE SAME DATA TO MULTIPLE USERS .

NOTE: WHEN LOCK OBJECTS ARE ENABLED , 2 FUNCTION GETS CREATED NAMELY , ENQUEUE AND DEQUEUE.

L OCK OBJECTS ARE OF THREE TYPES .

READ LOCK : A LL OF THEM CAN ONLY READ THE DATA .

WRITE LOCK : ONLY ONE USER CAN WRITE WHILE THE REST CAN READ .

EXCLUSIVE BUT NOT CUMULATIVE : ONLY ONE LOCK CAN BE REQUESTED BY A TRANSACTION . A LL THE OTHER
REQUESTS ARE REJECTED .

BELOW ARE THE STEPS TO CREATE L OCK OBJECTS.

NAVIGATE TO TRANSACTION SE11 AND ENABLE THE LOCK OBJECT RADIO BUTTON . PROVIDE AN APPROPRIATE
NAME . ENSURE YOU FOLLOW THE NAMING CONVENTION BY STARTING WITH THE LETTER ‘E.’
FURTHER, PROVIDE A SHORT DESCRIPTION AND ENTER THE TABLE NAME . HERE I HAVE USED THE TABLE
(ZRDS_EMPLOYEE), WHICH WAS CREATED PRIOR . A PPLY THE LOCK MODE AS WRITE .

NAVIGATE TO THE ‘L OCK PARAMETER’ TAB, AND YOU WILL GET THE DISPLAY OF ONLY PRIMARY KEYS .

NOTE: L OCK OBJECTS ARE APPLIED ONLY TO PRIMARY KEYS .

FURTHER, SAVE AND PRESS F3. O NCE THE LOCK OBJECTS ARE ACTIVATED , BY DEFAULT , TWO FUNCTION
MODULES ARE CREATED .

TO WATCH THE FUNCTION MODULES , CLICK ON THE GOTO TAB FROM THE MENU BAR AND CLICK ON LOCK
MODULES .

NOTE: TO RELEASE THE LOCK , NAVIGATE TO TRANSACTION SM12.

I HOPE THE ABOVE EXPLANATION GIVES THE INDIVIDUAL A BRIEF KNOWLEDGE OF THE DATA DICTIONARY IN SAP
ABAP.