WWI Summary
1914 - 1918
1.1 Causes 1
·The Bismarckian (Otto von Bismarck) system; Following the German Unification
(1871), Germany wished to control all political conflicts. Why? To isolate France who wanted
to recover Alsace and Lorraine and to maintain the balance in Balkans where both Russia
and Austria competed to manage that region and avoid a war in the balkan anga. (Evitar
guerras creando alianzas)
Guillermo II Otto Von Bismark
That is why Bismarck organized a series of multiple defensive agreements among:
-Germany
-Austria
-Russia
-Italy
·The Armed peace; however the new German Emperor, Wilhelm II (1888), was more
aggressive. The European powers organised alliances and a race to increase the quantity of
weapons and soldiers.
·Causes II that increase instability;
→ Economic development
→ Sea competence
→ Political rivalry (G vs F / G vs UK / IT vs AU / AU vs RU / RUS vs TUR…)
·Alliances (arms race); –Central power or triple alliance (G, A, Tu)
–Triple entente (F, UK, IT, R, US)
Outbreak of W W I
FRANZ FERDINANO
(Austrian heir)
→June 1914
→Jarajweo Bosnian Capital
→”Young bosnian” Gaurilo Princip → The black hand serbia → Russian empire,
The UK* and france (triple entente)
→ German Empire (Tripling alliance) (Italy ??)
→ After his assassination
+Austria sent an ultimatum to Serbia. They asked Russia for help)
+German activated “the Schliefen’s plan” (Invasion of Belgium*)
1914 1914 1916
1917 1928
War of movement War of positions
*
–The Schlieffen’s plan New weapons:
Division of belgium, failure of that plan +Gun machines
st
1 battle of marne +Barbed wire
Battle of tannenberg +Poisonous gas // mask
+Tanks // planes // submarines…
“The sinking of the wsitania”
THE BATTLE SOMME
(Bloodiest battle)
THE BATTLE OF VERDUN
(Longest battle)
The battle of gallipoli
*
1917
Decisive year
Russian revolution or bolshevik rev. by lenin
The us entered on war because of the zimmerman letter
2nd battle of marne (17 and 18)
1928
2nd battle of marne (17 and 18)
–Revolution in germany wilhem II abdicated
–The triple alliance gaye up
“Peace”
Treaty Of Versailles (1919)
Winners: FR, THE UK, THE US, IT AND JAP
Losers: G, A + H, THE O. EMP AND BULGARIA
Conditions: -Germany was bland of causing that conflict
-Germany had to pay all destructions
-Germany could not have an army and weapons to FR and Gran bretania. The had to be given to winners
-Germany had to reduce its size and gave all it colonies
-Other conditions: +All former empires were dissolved (T.O.E, T.AtH, T.G.E)
+New countries: A security belt in eastern europe
