Name: ……………………………………………………………………. Date ………………………………………..

GAYAZA HIGH SCHOOL

S.2 MATH WORKSHEET FOUR ON SETS PART I 2020
PREREQUISITE KNOWLEDGE:
 NUMBERS
 INTERGERS
SETS PART I
In modern mathematics, just about everything rests on the very important concept of the set.
A set is just a collection of elements, or members. For instance, you could have a set of friends:
F = {Moses, Kenny, Edward, William, Elsam} or a set of numbers: Y = {−3.4, 12, 9999}.

In this worksheet on sets we will solve 12 different types of questions. The questions on sets are basically
related on;
 Elements of set and notation of a set.
 Representation of a set.
 Cardinal number of a set.
 Types and pairs of set.

1. Which of the following are sets? Justify your answer.

(a) The collection of all the days in a week (b) The collection of all difficult questions in the
beginning with the letter ‘T’ chapter on sets.

(c) The collection of girls in your class. (d)The collection of all rivers in India.

(e) The collection of all active teachers in the (f) The collection of all integers more than -3.
school.

RECALL:
If 𝑥 is an element of a set A, we write 𝑥 ∈ 𝐴, and if x is not an element of A we write 𝑥 ∉ 𝐴.
So, using the sets defined above,
−𝟖𝟔𝟐 ∈ 𝒁, since −862 is an integer, and 𝟐. 𝟗 ∉ 𝑴 , since 2.9 is not greater than 33 .

2. If,
𝐴 = {3, 5, 7, 9}
𝐵 = {2, 4, 6, 8, 10}
𝐶 = {12, 14, 18, 20, 24}
𝐷 = {21, 26, 31, 36}

(a) State whether true or false.

(i) 13 ∈ C (ii) 6 ∉ A (iii) 9 ∉ A (iv) 24 ∈ C
(v) 31 ∈ D (vi) 36 ∉ D (vii) 20 ∉ C (viii) 9 ∈ A

(b) Fill in the blanks.

(i) 3 ∈ ___ (ii) 4 ___ B (iii) 26 ___ C (iv) 8 ∈ ___
(v) 5 ___ A (vi) 6 ___ C (vii) 21 ___ D (viii) 18 ___ B

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RECALL:
There are two methods of representing a set:
(i) Roster or tabular form
(ii) Set-builder form.

Roster or tabular form: In roster form, all the elements of a set are listed, the elements are being
separated by commas and are enclosed within braces { }.
For Example: Z = the set of all integers = {…,−3,−2,−1,0,1,2,3,…}

Set-builder form: In the set builder form, all the elements of the set, must possess a single property to
become the member of that set.
For Example: Z = {𝑥: 𝑥 is an integer}

You can read Z = {𝑥: 𝑥 is an integer} as "The set Z equals all the values of 𝑥 such that 𝑥 is an integer."
M = {𝑥: 𝑥 > 3}
(This last notation means "all real numbers 𝑥 such that 𝑥 is greater than 3." So, for example, 3.1 is in the
set M, but 2 is not. The colon “:” means "such that".)

3. Write the following sets in the roster form.

(a) A = The set of all even numbers less than 12 (b) B = The set of all prime numbers greater
than 1 but less than 29

(c) C = The set of integers lying between -2 and 2 (d) D = The set of letters in the word LOYAL

(e) E = The set of vowels in the word CHOICE (f) F = The set of all factors of 36

(g) G = {x : x ∈ N, 5 < x < 12} (h) H = {x : x is a multiple of 3 and x < 21}

(i) I = {x : x is perfect cube 27 < x < 216} (j) J = {x : x = 5n - 3,n ∈ W, and n < 3}

(k) M = {x : x is a positive integer and x 2 < 40} (l) N = {x : x is a positive integer and is a divisor
of 18}

(m) P = {x : x is an integer and x + 1 = 1} (n) Q = {x : x is a color in the rainbow}

4. Write each of the following in set builder form.

(a) A = {5, 10, 15, 20} (b) B = {l, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18} (c) C = {P, R, I, N, C, A, L} (d) D = {0}

(e) E = { } (f) F = {0, 1, 2, 3, ......, 19} (g) 𝑮 = {— 𝟖, — 𝟔, — 𝟒, — 𝟐} (h) H = {Jan, June, July}

1 1 1 1 1 1
(i) I = {a, e, i, 0, u} (j) J = {a, b, c, d, …..., z} (k) 𝐾 = {1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6} (l) L = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9}

BY Moses Ssali @ GHS 2020 0775620833/0704221195 [email protected] 2

RECALL
Cardinal number of a set.
The number of distinct elements in a finite set is called its cardinal number. It is denoted as n(A) and read
as 'the number of elements of the set'.
For example: Set A = {2, 4, 5, 9, 15} has 5 elements, i.e. 𝑛(𝐴) = 5

5. Write the cardinal number for each of the following.

(a) X = The set of months in a year (b) Y = The set of letters in the word INTELLIGENT

(c) Z = The set of prime numbers from 2 to 11 (d) P = {x : x is an even prime number}

(e) Q = {x : x is a quadrilateral having 5 sides} (f) R = {x : x ∈ I, -5 < x < 2}

(g) S = {x | x ∈ W, x + 2 < 9} (h) T = {x | x is a prime number which is a divisor

of 60}

(i) V = {x : x is a 2-digit number such that the (j) W =

sum of digits is 6} The set of hours in a day

RECALL
If a set has a starting and end point both then it is finite but if it does not have a starting or end point, then
it is infinite set.
If a set has a limited number of elements, then it is finite but if its number of elements is unlimited then it
is infinite.

6. Classify the following as finite and infinite sets.

(a) A = {x : x ∈ N and x is even} (b) B = {x : x ∈ N and x is composite}

(c) C = {x : x ∈ N and 3x -2 = 0} (d) D = {x : x ∈ N and x2 = 9}

(e) E = {The set of numbers which are multiples (f) G = {The set of letters in the English
of 3} alphabet}

(g) H = {The set of persons living in a house} (h) I = {x | x ∈ I, x < -2}

(i) J = {x | x ∈ P, p is a prime number} (I) K = The set of fractions with numerator 3.

RECALL
You can also have a set which has no elements at all. This special set is called the empty set or null set, and
we write it with the special symbol ∅ or { }.
A singleton, also known as a unit set, is a set with exactly one element. For example, the set {null} is
a singleton containing the element null.

BY Moses Ssali @ GHS 2020 0775620833/0704221195 [email protected] 3

7. Identify the following as null set or singleton set.
(a) A = {x | x ∈ N, 1 < x < 2} (b) P = {Point of intersection of two lines}

(c) C = {x : x is an even prime number greater (d) Q = {x | x is an even prime number}

than 2}

(e) E = {x : x2 = 9, x is even} (f) R = {The set of whole numbers lying between 0

and 2}

(g) B = {0} (h) D = {The set of largest 1 digit number}

(i) F = {The set of triangles having 4 sides} (j) H = {The set of even numbers not divisible by 2}

RECALL
Equal sets have the exact same elements in them, even though they could be out of order. Equivalent
sets have different elements but have the same amount of elements. Therefore, if two sets have the same
cardinality, they are equivalent.

8. From the sets given below, select the equal sets.

A = {3, 5, 9, 13}, B = {2, 3, 4, 5}, C = {5, 9, 13, 15}, D = {4, 2, 5, 3}, E = {-2, 2}, F = {o, b}, G = {2, -2},
H = {1, 2}

9. Which two sets A and B are equal? Give reasons to support your answer.
(a) A = {x : x is a letter in the word SEAT} and B = {x : x is a letter in the word TASTE}

(b) A = {2, 6, 10, 14} and B = {6, 2, 14, 16}

(c) A = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9} and B = {x : x is a positive odd integer x ≤ 9}

(d) A = {0} and B = {x : x > 15 and x < 5}

10. Which of the following pairs of sets are equivalent or equal?

(a) A = {x : x ∈ N, x ≤ 6} and B = {x : x ∈ W, 1 ≤ x ≤ 6}

(b) P = {The set of letters in the word ‘plane’} and Q = {The set of letters in the word ‘plain’}

(c) X = {The set of colors in the rainbow) and Y = {The set of days in a week}

(d) M = {4, 8, 12, 16} and N = {8, 12, 4, 16}

(e) A = {x : x ∈ N, x ≤ 5} and B = {x : x ∈ I, 5 < x ≤ 10}

Equal sets:
Equivalent sets:

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RECALL
Two sets A and B are said to be disjoint, if they do not have any element in common.
Overlapping sets: Two sets A and B are said to be overlapping if they contain at least one element in
common.

11. Find which of the following sets are disjoint or overlapping.

(a) A = {The set of boys in the school} and B = {The set of girls in the school}

(b) P = {The set of letters in the English alphabet} and Q = {The set of vowels in the English alphabet}

(c) X = {x : x is an odd number, x < 9} and Y = {x : x is an even number, x < 10}

(d) M = {x : x is a factor of 24} and N = {x : x is a multiple of 3, less than 30}

(e) E = {9, 99, 999} and F = {1, 10, 100}

(f) G = {The set of letters in the word TAME} and H = {The set of letters in the word MATE}

Disjoint sets:
Overlapping sets:

12. State whether the following are true or false.

(a) The set of letters in the word MASTER is (b) The set of vowels in the word PLANET is an
finite. empty set.

(c) {0} represents a null set. (d) Equivalent sets are always equal.

(e) An empty set is a finite set. (f) 10 ∉ set of multiples of 5.

(g) 4 ∈ {x : 4 ≤ x ≤ 10} (h) If two sets are equal, they are also equivalent.

THE END.

BY Moses Ssali @ GHS 2020 0775620833/0704221195 [email protected] 5