CBSE Class 12 Physics Board Exam : Most Expected Questions
Chapter 1: Electric Charges and Fields
Question 1: State and explain Coulomb’s law in vector form.
Question 2: Define electric flux and state Gauss’s law.
Question 3: Use Gauss’s law to derive the expression for the electric field due
to an infinitely long charged wire or charged sheet.
Question 4: Derive the expression for the electric field at a point on the axial
line of an electric dipole.
Question 5: Using Gauss's theorem, derive the expression for the electric field
due to a uniformly charged thin spherical shell at a point outside the shell.
Chapter 2: Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance
Question 1: Derive the expression for electric potential due to a point charge.
Question 2: Explain the concept of equipotential surfaces with examples.
Question 3: Derive the expression for the capacitance of a parallel-plate
capacitor with a dielectric slab inserted between the plates.
Chapter 3: Current Electricity
Question 1: State and explain Ohm’s law.
Question 2: State Kirchhoff’s laws and solve a circuit using them.
Question 3: Derive the relation I= nqvA for current in a conductor.
Chapter 4: Moving Charges and Magnetism
Question 1: Why should the spring/suspension wire in a moving coil
galvanometer have low torsional constant?
Question 2: Magnetic field lines can be entirely confined within the core of a
toroid, but not within a straight solenoid. Why?
Question 3: What is the direction of the force acting on a charged particle q,
moving with a velocity v→ in a uniform magnetic field B?
Chapter 5: Magnetism and Matter
Questions 1: The permeability of a magnetic material is 0.9983. Name the type
of magnetic materials it represents.
Question 2: The susceptibility of a magnetic material is 1.9 × 10-5. Name the
type of magnetic materials it represents.
Question 3: The susceptibility of a magnetic material is – 4.2 × 10-6. Name the
type of magnetic materials it represents.
Chapter 6: Electromagnetic Induction
Question 1: State Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic induction. Derive the
expression for induced EMF.
Question 2: Explain Lenz’s law and its applications.
Question 3: Derive the expression for mutual inductance of two solenoids.
Question 4: Derive the expression for the self-inductance of a solenoid.
Question 5: Explain the working of an AC generator.
Chapter 7: Alternating Current
Question 1: Derive the expression for the impedance in an LCR series circuit.
Question 2: Explain the concept of resonance in an LCR circuit.
Question 3: Draw the phasor diagram for an LCR circuit.
Question 4: Explain the power factor and its significance in AC circuits.
Chapter 8: Electromagnetic Waves
Question 1: Derive the relation between electric field and magnetic field in an
electromagnetic wave.
Question 2: State Maxwell’s equations and explain their physical significance.
Question 3: Write the mathematical expression for a plane electromagnetic
wave propagating in space.
Chapter 9: Ray Optics and Optical Instruments
Question 1: Derive the mirror formula and explain the sign conventions used.
Question 2: Derive the lens maker’s formula for a convex lens.
Question 3: Explain the phenomenon of total internal reflection with examples.
Question 4: Explain the working of a compound microscope.
Chapter 10: Wave Optics
Question 1: Derive the condition for constructive and destructive interference
in Young’s double-slit experiment.
Question 2: Explain the phenomenon of diffraction at a single slit.
Question 3: Derive the expression for the width of the central maxima in single-
slit diffraction.
Chapter 11: Dual Nature of Matter and Radiation
Question 1: Derive the expression for the de Broglie wavelength of a particle.
Question 2: Explain the photoelectric effect and state Einstein's photoelectric
equation.
Question 3: Draw a graph to show the variation of photocurrent with:
• Intensity of light
• Frequency of light
• Potential difference
Question 4: Numerical: Calculate the threshold frequency of a material with a
given work function.
Question 5: Numerical: Calculate the kinetic energy of photoelectrons emitted
when light of a specific wavelength is incident on a metal surface.
Chapter 12: Atoms
Question 1: Explain Rutherford’s model of the atom and its limitations.
Question 2: Derive the expression for the radius of the nth orbit of the
hydrogen atom using Bohr’s model.
Question 3: State and derive the expression for the energy of an electron in the
nth orbit of a hydrogen atom.
Question 4: Explain the spectral series of the hydrogen atom (Lyman, Balmer,
etc.).
Question 5: Numerical: Calculate the wavelength of the emitted photon during
the transition of an electron between two energy levels in a hydrogen atom.
Chapter 13: Nuclei
Question 1: Define mass defect and binding energy. Derive the relation
between them.
Question 2: Explain the nuclear force and its characteristics.
Question 3: Explain nuclear fission and fusion, with their applications in energy
production.
Chapter 14: Semiconductor Electronics – Materials, Devices, and Simple
Circuits
Question 1: Explain the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic
semiconductors.
Question 2: Discuss the working of a p-n junction diode in forward and reverse
bias.
Question 3: Draw and explain the circuit diagram of a half-wave rectifier.
Question 4: Derive the expression for the efficiency of a full-wave rectifier.
