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Open-Source NoSQL Databases Guide

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
66 views3 pages

Open-Source NoSQL Databases Guide

Uploaded by

Salisu Borodo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1/26/24, 6:57 PM Top 10 Open-Source NoSQL Databases in 2020 - GeeksforGeeks

Top 10 Open-Source NoSQL Databases in 2020


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NoSQL databases are becoming more and more popular these days. This is because companies increasingly require NoSQL databases as traditional
relational databases are not enough to fulfill their requirements anymore. Now companies have to deal with millions of users at the same time, handle
insane quantities of both structured and unstructured data daily, and make sure there are no interruptions in their services. All these expectations have
given rise to the NoSQL databases that are more agile, scalable, and also better suited to unprecedented levels of big data. That is why this article specifies
the Top 10 Open-Source NoSQL Databases that you can use as per your specific requirements.

All these databases are open source and have free versions. These are miles ahead of relational databases in terms of speed, performance, and scalability,
especially in regard to big data. However, it is also important to keep in mind that these databases are only required for superior needs and many common
applications can still be developed using relational databases. With that said, let’s check out these Open-Source NoSQL Databases and find out some of
their specifications.

1. Apache Cassandra

Apache Cassandra is a free and open-source high-performance database that is provably fault-tolerant both on commodity hardware or cloud
infrastructure. It can even handle failed node replacements without shutting down the systems and it can also replicate data automatically across multiple
nodes. Moreover, Cassandra is a NoSQL database in which all the nods are peers without any master-slave architecture. This makes it extremely scalable
and fault-tolerant and you can add new machines without any interruptions to already running applications. You can also choose between synchronous and
asynchronous replication for each update.

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2. Apache HBase

Apache HBase is an open-source distributed Hadoop database that can be used to read and write to big data. HBase has been constructed so that it can
manage billions of rows and millions of columns using commodity hardware clusters. This database is based on the Big Table which was a distributed
storage system created for structured data. Apache HBase has many different capabilities including scalability, automatic sharding of tables, consistent
reading and writing capabilities, support against failure for all the servers, etc.

3. MongoDB

MongoDB is a general-purpose distributed database created for the application developers in this generation to use in the cloud. This is a document
database that stores the data in JSON-like documents which is much more powerful and efficient than the traditional row and column databases.
MongoDB also supports various methods of searching such as geographical searching, text searching, graph searching, etc. Another advantage of
MongoDB is that it provides first-class security for its clients including SSL, firewalls, encryption, etc. And the best thing is you can also create
visualizations using MongoDB data and connect with any Business Intelligence tools that are compatible with the MySQL protocol.

4. Neo4j
Neo4j is a graph-based database that is excellent in handling not only data but also data relationships. Since Neo4j connects the data when it is stored in
the database, it can access the data again much faster than conventional databases. Each data record has direct pointers to all the other data records it is
connected with and this underlines the power of the database. Neo4j also uses Cypher queries that are much faster and simpler to write than SQL queries
and since it doesn’t have any tables there is no need to bother about joins. Neo4j also provides drivers for Java, .Net, JavaScript, Python and Go in an
official capacity whereas the open-source community contributors provide many other drivers like Ruby, PHP, R, C, C++, etc.

5. Apache CouchDB

Apache CouchDB is an open-source project and a single node database that allows you to easily store your data and access it when you need it. Couch DB
can also scale up for more demanding projects into a cluster of nodes with multiple servers. It supports the HTTP protocol along with the JSON data
format and also integrates with HTTP proxy servers. Apache CouchDB is designed for reliability with a crash-resistant structure that supports “Offline
First” applications and a system that saves data redundantly so that it is never lost and available in a state of emergency.

6. OrientDB
OrientDB is an open-source NoSQL database that supports various models such as the graph, document, object key/value model, etc. It is written in Java.
and the relationships between all the data records are managed using direct connections between them such as the case with graph databases. OrientDB
also provides a strong emphasis on security and reliability. You can query the database and obtain data using a terminal console interface and also use a
graph editor to visualize and interact with your data.

7. Riak

Riak is a distributed NoSQL database that is highly resilient and ensures data accuracy. It is created using multiple clusters that make sure data is not lost
even in the event of a hardware failure and read/write operations can continue smoothly. Riak is designed using a key/value specification that solves many
challenges in the management of big data such as tracking user data, copying the data in various locations all over the world, storing connected data, etc.
Some of the features of Riak include scalability, operational simplicity, resiliency, complex query support, etc. It can also integrate with Apache Spark to
provide real-time analysis of Spark.

8. Redis
Redis is an open-source database that supports many different data structures such as strings, lists, hashes, sets, sorted sets, etc. It is written in ANSI C and
it can be used with almost all the programming languages and Linux and OS X operating systems. Redis works with an in-memory dataset to preserve its
extremely fast performance and the implementation uses the fork system call to create a duplicate of the current process with the data so that the parent
process can continue its operations with the existing clients and the child process can create a data copy on the disk.

9. RavenDB

RavenDB is a NoSQL document database that provides the benefits of a NoSQL database with all the conveniences of a relational database. It also offers
fully transactional (ACID) data integrity so you can use it along with your existing SQL databases to get the most out of both types. This database is also
highly scalable and it can create new nodes to keep up with increasing data traffic. RavenDB is available for installation on-premises as well as in the form
of a cloud service provided by Amazon Web Services, Azure, etc.

10. Hypertable

Hypertable is NoSQL open-source database that was designed to combat the scalability problem that appears in all relational databases. It was based on
the Google Big Table design and written in C++. Hypertable runs in both Linux and Mac OS X. It is also suitable for a wide range of applications as it
keeps the data sorting using a primary key, unlike most other NoSQL databases that use the hash table design. Hypertable is also suited to provide
maximum efficiency with minimum performance and stability costs which makes it extremely cost-efficient.

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Conclusion

All of these Open-Source NoSQL Databases are quite popular and frequently used by many companies as per their needs. Among these, Apache
Cassandra and MongoDB are arguably the most famous with 40% of the Fortune Hundred Companies using Cassandra. However, you can select any of
these databases for usage as per your requirements as each of them has its benefits and individual functionalities.

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Common questions

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MongoDB is suitable for modern cloud-based application development due to its support for JSON-like document storage, which is more adaptable to varied data types than traditional tables. It offers robust security features such as SSL, firewalls, and encryption. MongoDB also supports several search methods, including geographical, text, and graph searches, and it integrates with numerous Business Intelligence tools. These features collectively make it highly adaptable for diverse and evolving cloud applications .

MongoDB provides a range of security features crucial for business applications, including SSL for encrypted connections, robust firewall configurations, and comprehensive data encryption methods. It ensures secure authentication processes, protecting sensitive business data within its flexible and powerful document databases. These integrated security measures make MongoDB a secure choice for handling sensitive business information .

Neo4j differs from traditional relational databases by employing a graph-based model, which allows direct connections between data records, enabling faster data retrieval compared to the conventional row-column approach. It uses Cypher queries instead of SQL, which are simpler and more straightforward since there are no tables or need for complex joins. This model is particularly effective for datasets with complex interrelationships .

CouchDB supports reliability through its crash-resistant storage engine and redundancy system, ensuring that data is never lost and remains available during emergencies. Its design integrates seamlessly with HTTP, using the JSON data format, which aids in creating offline-first applications. This means applications can operate without continuous internet connectivity, synchronizing changes once the connection is restored, thus enhancing reliability and user experience in periods of connection instability .

Riak's strengths in managing big data are found in its distributed system design and key/value data model, which facilitate easy scalability and operational simplicity. Its resilience ensures continuous operation even during hardware failures, making it suitable for global data distribution. It supports complex queries and integrates with real-time data analysis tools like Apache Spark, offering a robust solution for diverse and large-scale data management across locations .

Redis uses an in-memory data storage approach to ensure fast data processing, supporting various data structures such as strings, lists, and sets. This method involves the use of a fork system call to duplicate data processes without interrupting operations. Contrastly, Hypertable stores data based on the Google Big Table design, emphasizing sorted data storage using primary keys, which is unique from Redis's in-memory model and more aligned with disk persistence, focusing on efficiency and cost-effectiveness .

Apache HBase ensures scalability through its ability to manage billions of rows and millions of columns using clusters of commodity hardware. It features automatic sharding of tables, which distributes its data efficiently across different nodes, enhancing scalability and load balancing. Reliability is maintained through consistent read and write capabilities and support for server failure recovery, ensuring consistent uptime .

Apache Cassandra achieves scalability and fault tolerance through its architecture, where all nodes are peers with no master-slave setup, allowing for seamless addition of new machines (nodes). It can automatically replicate data across multiple nodes, and handle node failures without shutting down the system, ensuring continuous operation. This peer-to-peer design enables automatic fail-over and ensures data consistency .

NoSQL databases offer several advantages over traditional relational databases. They are more agile and scalable, making them suitable for handling massive amounts of structured and unstructured data without service interruptions. They are better suited to handle unprecedented levels of big data, providing higher speed, performance, and scalability. Moreover, NoSQL databases support distributed architectures, which help in effectively managing large-scale distributed systems .

RavenDB provides the flexibility and scalability advantages of NoSQL databases while maintaining the fully transactional (ACID) data integrity typically associated with relational databases. It allows users to integrate it with existing SQL databases, providing a hybrid approach that leverages the strengths of both database types. It is also scalable, as it can create new nodes to accommodate increasing data traffic .

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