Solution
CH07 ARITHMETIC PROGRESSIONS WORKSHEET
Class 10 - Mathematics
Section A [1 mark]
1.
(b) 25
Explanation: Given, the common difference of AP i.e., d = 5
Now,
As we know, nth term of an AP is
an = a + (n - 1)d
where a = first term
an is nth term
d is the common difference
a18 - a13 = a + 17d – (a + 12d)
= 5d
= 5(5)
= 25
2.
(c) 158
Explanation: 20th term from the end = l - 19 d
= (253 -19 × 5)
= (253 - 95)
= 158.
3.
(b) (2n – 1) a
Explanation: 1st term = a
d = 3a - a = 2a
Tn = a + (n - 1)d
= a + (n - 1)2a
= a + 2an - 2a
= 2an - a
= (2n – 1)a
hence, nth term of given AP = (2n - 1)a
4.
(b) -50
Explanation: a + 4d = -3 and d = -4
⇒ a = -3 + 16
So, a = 13.
10
∴ S10 =
2
[2a + 9d] = 5[2 × 13 + 9 × (−4)] = −50 .
5. (a) 5k + 4 and 6k + 5
Explanation: Given: k, 2k + 1, 3k + 2, 4k + 3, ...
Here, d = 2k + 1 - k = k + 1
Therefore, the next two terms are
4k + 3 + k + 1 = 5k + 4 and 5k + 4 + k + 1 = 6k + 5
6.
(c) Sn − 2Sn−1 + Sn−2
Explanation: Sum of n terms = Sn
∴ an = Sn - Sn - 1
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and an - 1 = Sn - 1 - Sn - 2
∴ Common difference, (d) = an - an - 1
= (Sn - Sn - 1) - (Sn - 1 - Sn - 2)
= Sn - Sn - 1 - Sn - 1 + Sn - 2
= Sn - 2Sn - 1 + Sn - 2
7. (a) 3
Explanation: If the numbers x, 2x + k, 3x + 6 are in A.P.,
then, 2x + k - x = 3x + 6 - 2x - k
⇒ x+k=x+6-k
⇒ 2k = 6
⇒ k = 3
8. (a) m + 9n
Explanation: Given: a = m, d = n
∴ a10 = m + (10 - 1)n = m + 9n
9.
(b) (n + 1) : n
Explanation: Let a and d be the first term and common difference respectively of the given A.P.
Now, S1 = Sum of odd terms
⇒ S1 = a1 + a3 + a5 + ... + a2n+1
n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a1 + a2n+1}
n+1
⇒ S1 = 2
{a + a +(2n + 1 - 1)d}
⇒ S1 = (n + 1)(a + nd)
and, S2 = Sum of even terms
⇒ S2 = a2 + a4 + a6 + ... + a2n ⇒ S2 = n
2
[a2 + an2]
⇒ S2 = n
2
[(a + d) + {a + (2n - 1)d}]
⇒ S2 = n(a + nd)
∴ S1 : S2 = (n + 1) (a + nd) : n(a + nd) = (n + 1) : n
10.
(d) 74
Explanation: an = a + (n - 1)d
a20 = -2 + 19 × 4 = 74
11.
(b) 1
Explanation: For sequence, x, a1, a2, y
y−x
y = x + 3d ⇒ d = 3
y−x y−x
⇒ a1 = x + 3
, a2 = x + 2[ 3
]
y−x
∴ a2 - a1 = [ 3
]
For sequence, x, b1, b2, y
y−x y−x
d' = 3
and b2 - b1 = 3
a2 − a1
⇒
b2 − b1
=1
12. (a) 5 mins
Explanation: Let the policeman catches the thief in n minutes.
Since the thief ran one minute before the policeman, therefore the time taken by thief before being caught
= (n + 1)minutes
Distance travelled by the thief in (n + 1) minutes
= 100 (n + 1) metres
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In first minute, speed of policeman
= 100 m/minute.
In second minute, speed of policeman
= 110 m/minute
In third minute, speed of policeman
= 120 m/minute and so on.
∴ Speeds 100, 110, 120, ... form an A.P.
Total distance travelled by the policeman in n minutes = n
2
[ 2 × 100 + (n - 1)10]
On catching the thief by policeman, distance travelled by the thief = Distance travelled by the policeman.
100(n + 1) = [2 × 100 + (n - 1)10]
n
⇒ 100n + 100 = 100n + n
2
(n - 1)10
⇒ 100 = n(n - 1)5 ⇒ n2 - n - 20 = 0
⇒ (n - 5)(n + 4) = 0 ⇒ n - 5 = 0 or n + 4 = 0
⇒ n = 5 [as n = -4 is not possible]
∴ Time taken by the policeman to catch the thief
= 5 minutes
13. (a) 10th
Explanation: Let Tn = 210. Then, 21 + (n - 1) × 21 = 210
∴ (n - 1) × 21 = 189 ⇒ n -1 = 9 ⇒ n = 10.
14. (a) 1
Explanation: Given: am = 1
1
⇒ a + (m - 1)d = n
... (i)
And an = 1
1
⇒ a + (n - 1)d = ... (ii)m
Subtracting eq. (ii) from eq. (i), we get,
(m - 1)d - (n - 1)d = 1
n
−
m
1
m−n
⇒ d(m - 1 - n + 1) = mn
m−n
⇒ d(m - n) =
mn
⇒ d= mn
1
Putting the value of d in eq. (i), we get
a + (m - 1) =
mn
1 1
n
1 m−1 1
⇒ a= − n
= mn mn
∴ amn = a + (mn - 1)d = = =1
1 1 1
+ (mn − 1) × mn
mn mn mn
15.
(b) 3
Explanation: We have, nth term is given by, an = 3n + 7.
To find the common difference of the A.P., we need two consecutive terms of the given A.P.
So, let us find the first and the second term of the given A.P.
First term (n = 1)
a1 = 3(1) + 7 = 3 + 7 = 10
and Second term (n = 2)
a2 = 3(2) + 7
=6+7
= 13
Now, the common difference of the A.P. (d) = a2 - a1
= 13 - 10
=3
Therefore, the common difference (d) = 3
16.
(b) 44
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Explanation: The second term from the end of the A.P. 5, 8, 11,....47 is 44.
Given A.P. series, 5, 8, 11,....47
a=5
d=8-5=3
an = 47
Formula, an = a + (n-1) d
47 = 5 + (n-1) 3
47 - 5 = 3n - 3
42 + 3 = 3n
45 = 3n
n = 15
The second term from the end of the series is given by
a(n-1) = a + [(n - 1) - 1]d
= 5 + [ (15 - 1) - 1 ] 3
= 5 + 13 × 3
= 5 + 39
= 44
a(n - 1) = 44
17.
(d) (2m - 1) : (2n - 1)
Sm 2
Explanation: We have given that, Sn
= m
2
n
m
[2a+(m−1)d] 2 2a+(m−1)d
⇒
2
n
= m
⇒ = m
n
[2a+(n−1)d] n2 2a+(n−1)d
2
Replacing m with 2m - 1 and n with 2n - 1, we get
2a+2(m−1)d 2m−1
⇒
2a+2(n−1)d
= 2n−1
a+(m−1)d 2m−1 am 2m−1
⇒
a+(n−1)d
= 2n−1
⇒
an
= 2n−1
18. (a) 100
Explanation: Three-digit numbers divisible by 9 are 108, 117, 126,..., 999.
Let Tn = 999. Then, 108 + (n - 1) × 9 = 999.
∴ (n -1) × 9 = 891 ⇒ (n -1) = 99 ⇒ n = 100.
19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
20.
(c) A is true but R is false.
Explanation: a10 = a + 9d
= 5 + 9(3) = 5 + 27 = 32
Section B [2 marks]
21. Let the first term and the common difference of
the given AP be a and d respectively.
Second term = 13
⇒ a + (2 - 1)d = 13
⇒ a + d = 13 ....... (1)
Fourth term = 3
⇒ a + (4 - 1) d = 3
⇒ a + 3d = 3 .......... (2)
Solving (1) and (2), we get
a = 18
d = -5
Therefore,
Third term = a + (3 - 1) d
= a + 2d
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= 18 + 2(-5)
= 18 - 10
=8
Hence, the missing terms are 18 and 8.
22. The general term of an AP is given by an=a+(n-1)d
and in general the sum to n terms of an A.P is given by Sn= [2a+(n-1)d].
n
Let the common difference of the AP be d.
Now, given that a=5
Since sum of first four terms is half the sum of the next four terms,therefore,
S4= (S8-S4)
1
⇒
4
2
[2(5)+3d]= [ [2(5)+7d]- [2(5)+3d]]
1
2
8
2
4
⇒ 4[10+3d]=[4(10+7d)-2(10+3d)]
⇒ 40+12d=40+28d-20-6d
⇒ -10d=-20
⇒ d=2
thus, the common difference is 2.
23. We have,
a9 = 0
⇒ a + (9 - 1)d = 0
⇒ a + 8d = 0
⇒ a = -8d
To prove: a29 = 2a19
Proof:
LHS = a29
= a + (29 - 1)d
= a + 28d
= -8d + 28d
= 20d
RHS = 2a19
= 2 a + (19 - 1)d]
= 2[-8d + 18d]
= 2 × 10d
= 20d
∴ LHS = RHS
Hence, 29th term is double the 19th term.
24. Let 1st term of the AP be a and common difference be d.
Now a8 = 37
⇒ a + 7d = 37
⇒ a = 37 - 7d ..(i)
Also, a15 = a12 + 15
⇒ a + 14d = a + 11d + 15
⇒ 3d = 15 ⇒ d = 5
Substituting in eq. (i), we get
a = 37 - 7(5) = 2
AP. is 2, 7, 12, 17, ...
S15 = [2 × 2 + 14 × 5]
15
= 15(37) = 555
25. Clearly, the terms of the given sum form an A.P,
with, a = 7
1 1 7
d = 10 − 7 = 3 =
2 2 2
Let the number of terms of the AP be n.
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We know that
l = a + (n - 1)d
7
⇒ 84 = 7 + (n − 1)
2
7
⇒ (n − 1) = 84 − 7
2
7
⇒ (n − 1) = 77
2
⇒ (n − 1) = 22
⇒ n = 22 + 1
⇒ n = 23
Again, we know that
n
Sn = (a + l)
2
23
⇒ S23 = (7 + 84)
2
2093
⇒ S23 =
2
2093
⇒ S23 =
2
1
⇒ S23 = 1046
2
Hence, the required sum is 1046 1
Section C [3 marks]
26. Let nth terms of the given arithmetic progressions be tn and Tn respectively.
The first AP is 13,19,25,....
Let its first term be 'a' and common difference be 'd'. Then,
a = 13 and d = (19 -13) = 6.
We know that in general nth term is given by
tn = a + (n-1)d
⇒ tn = 13 + (n − 1) × 6
⇒ tn = 6n + 7 .................(i)
The second AP is 69,68,67,....
Let its first term be A and common difference be D. Then,
A = 69 and D = (68 - 69) = -1.
Now, we know that in general nth term is given by
Tn = A + (n -1 ) × D
⇒ Tn = 69 + (n -1) × (-1)
⇒ Tn = 70-n .........................(ii)
Now, it is given that the two nth terms of the two arithmetic progressions are equal for a value of n, we have,
tn = Tn ⇒ 6n + 7 = 70 - n
⇒ 7n = 63 ⇒ n = 9.
Hence, the 9th term of each AP is the same.
This term = 70 - 9 = 61 [∵Tn = (70-n)].
27. Given: 121, 117, 113, .......
Here a = 121, d = 117 - 121 = 4
Now, an = a + (n - 1)d
= 121 + (n - 1) (-4) = 121 - 4n + 4 = 125 - 4n
For the first negative term, an < 0
125
⇒ 125 − 4n < 0 ⇒ 125 < 4n ⇒ < n
4
1
⇒ 31 < n
4
n is an integer and n > 31 . 1
Hence, the first negative term is 32nd term
28. Given,
Number of terms = n
First term = a
nth term = l
To prove: Sum of mth term from beginning and mth term from end = a + l
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Proof:
mth term from beginning
= a + (m - 1)d
= a + md - d
mth term form the end
= l - (m - 1)d
= l - md + d
Required Sum = a + md - d + l - md +d
=a+l
29. According to the question, man saved ₹33000 in 10 months.
⇒ S 10 =₹33000, common difference=d=₹100
Let the amount he saved in the first month be ₹ a.
Sn= [2a+(n-1)d]
n
⇒ S10= 10
2
[2a+(10-1)(100)]
⇒ 33000=5[2a+900]
⇒ 33000=10a+4500
⇒ 10a=28500
⇒ a=₹2850
Hence, he saved ₹ 2850 in the first month.
30. Let the volume of the cylinder be 16 litres(a1).
Air removed by pump = 1
4
× 16 = 4 litres
Air present after first removal = 16 - 4 = 12 litres(a2)
Air again removed = 1
4
× 12 = 3litres
Air present after second removal = 12 - 3 = 9 litres(a3)
The amount of air present in the cyinder is the series
16,12,9.....
a2 - a1 = 12-16 = -4
a3 - a2 = 9-12 = -3
Since the difference is not same. This is not A.P.
Section D [5 marks]
31. 32, 36, 40, ...., 2000
36 - 32 = 40 - 36 = 4
So, This is an A.P.
a = 32
d=4
According to question,
32 + 36 + 40 + ... = 2000
Sn =
n
2
[2a + (n − 1)d] [∵ n = No. of months]
⇒ 2000 = n
2
[64 + (n - 1) 4]
n
⇒ 2000 = 2
[60 + 4n]
⇒ 4n2 + 60n - 4000 = 0
⇒ n2 + 15n - 1000 = 0
n2 + 40n - 25n - 1000 = 0
n(n + 40) - 25(n + 40) = 0
(n - 25)(n + 40) = 0
n = 25, n = -40 [Not possible]
Prerna saves ₹4000 in 25 months.
32. Let a be the first term and d be the common difference of the given AP. Therefore,
T4 + T8 = 24 ⇒ (a+3d)+(a+7d)=24
⇒ 2a+10d=24
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⇒ a+5d=12 ......(i)
And, T6+T10=44 ⇒ (a + 5d) + (a + 9d) = 44
⇒ 2a+14d=44
⇒ a+7d=22 .....(ii)
Therefore, on solving (i) and (ii), we get a = -13 and d = 5.
∴ the sum of first 10 terms of the given AP is given by
S10 = (
10
2
) ⋅ (2a + 9d) [using S
n =
n
2
[(2a + (n − 1)d) ]
= 5× {2× (-13)+9× 5} = 5(-26 + 45) = 5 × 19 = 95.
Hence, the sum of first 10 terms of the given AP is 95.
33. The general term of an AP is given by
an=a+(n-1)d
Given that a16=5a3
⇒ a+15d=5(a+2d)
⇒ a+15d=5a+10d
⇒ 4a=5d...(i)
Now,
a10=41
⇒ a+9d=41
⇒ 4a+36d=164
⇒ 5d+36d=164....(from (i))
⇒ 41d=164
⇒ d=4
Substituting in (i), we get a=5.
We know that, S = [2a + (n − 1)d]
n
n
Sum of the first 15 terms=S15
15
= [2(5) + 14(4)]
2
15
= [10 + 56]
2
=495
34. Let the first term = a and common difference = d
Given, a17 = 5 + 2 a8
a + 16d = 5 + 2(a + 7d)
a + 16d = 2a + 14d + 5
-a + 2d = 5
a - 2d = -5 ...(1)
Also, a11 = 43
a + 10d = 43 ...(2)
Subtracting (1) from (2) we get
12d = 48
d=4
Now from (1)
a-2(4) = -5
a=8-5=3
Thus, nth term
an = a+ (n - 1)d
an = 3 + (n - 1) × 4
an = 3 + 4n - 4
an = 4n - 1
35. Numbers between 100 – 200 divisible by 9 are 108, 117, 126, … 198.
Here, a= 108, d = 117 – 108 = 9 and an = 198.
⇒ a + (n – 1)d = 198 [∵an = a + (n – 1)d]
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⇒ 108 + (n – 1)9 =198.
⇒108 + 9n-9=198
⇒ 9n + 99=198}
⇒ 9(n + 11)=198}
198
⇒ 11 + n = 9
⇒ n = 22 – 11.
⇒ n = 11
Now, Sn = [2a+ (n – 1)d]
n
⇒ S11 = 11
2
[2(108) + (11 – 1) (9)]
= 11
2
[216 + 99 – 9]
= 11
2
[216 + 90]
= 11
2
× 306
= 11 × 153
⇒ S11 = 1683.
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