MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
GOVERNMENT POLYTECHNIC, JALGAON
(0018)
Program Name and Code: Electrical Engineering (EE4I)
Course Name and Code : Electric Motors and Transformers
(22418)
Academic Year : 2023-2024
Semester : 4th
A MICRO PROJECT
on
1ϕ TRANSFORMER
Submitted In 2024 by the group of 7 students
Sr Roll Name Enrollment Seat no.
No. no. No.
1 43 Sawale Sejal Dipak 2200180630
2 44 Shirsath Vaibhav Dnyaneshwar 2200180632
3 45 Tadavi Amir Ahamad 2200180633
4 46 Tadavi Sana Vinod 2200180636
5 47 Thakare Yash Satish 2200180639
6 48 Vakulkar Ghanshyam Sandip 2200180641
7 49 Pawar Revati Suklal
22001806343
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MAHARASHTRA STATE BOARD OF
TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This Is to Certify That SDS,SVD,TAA,TSV,TYS,VGS,PRS Roll No:
43,44,45,46,47,48,49 as the Students Of 4th Semester of Electrical Engineering
of Institute, Government Polytechnic, Jalgaon (Code:0018) Have Completed the
Micro project Satisfactorily in The Subject Electric Motors and Transformers
(22418) for The Academic Year 2023-2024 As Prescribed in The Curriculum.
Place: Jalgaon Enrollment No: 2200180630, 32,36,39,41,43
Date: / / 2024 Exam Seat No:
Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal
Seal of
Institution
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GOVTERNMENT POLYTECHNIC
JALGAON
-SUBMISSION-
This Project is submitted by , SDS,SVD,TAA,TSV,TYS,VGS,PRS Roll no
43,44,45,46,47,48,49 as the students of 4thSem/Year of the Program Electrical
Engineering (EE) humbly submit that we have completed from time to time the
Microproject work as described in this report by our own skills and study as per
instructions/guidance of Prof C.P. Salunkhe.
And that following students were associated with me for this work; however,
quantum of our contribution has been approved by the Lecturer.
And that we have not copied the report on its any appreciable part from any
other literature in contravention of the academic ethics.
Date :- / /2024 Signature of student
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
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Evaluation Sheet for the Micro Project
Academic Year: 2023-24
Name of the Faculty: Prof. C.P. Salunkhe
Course: CNE Course code: 22418 Semester: IV
Title of the project: 1ϕ transformer
• COs addressed by Micro
Project: A.
B..
• Major learning outcomes achieved by students by doing the project
(a) Practical outcome:
(b) Unit outcomes in Cognitive domain: (c)Outcomes in
Affective domain:
Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal
communication (if any)
…………………………………………………………………………………
Roll Name of Student Marks Marks out of Total out
no 4 for of 10
out of 6
for performance
activity in in oral
group
43 Sawale Sejal Dipak
44 Shirsath Vaibhav Dnyaneshwar
45 Tadavi Amir Ahamad
46 Tadavi Sana Vinod
47 Thakare Yash Satish
48 Vakulkar Ghanshyam Sandip
49 Pawar Revati Suklal
Comments/suggestions about team work /leadership/inter-personal communication
(if any)
(Signature of Faculty)
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PROGRESS REPORT
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“ 1ϕ TRANSFORMER.”
INDEX:
Sr. Topic Page
no no.
1 Introduction 7
2 Working principle 8
3 Construction of 1ϕ transformer 9
4 Function of each part 9
5 Advantages 11
6 Disadvantages 12
7 Application 12
8 Model 13
9 Conclusion 14
10 References 15
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Introduction
A 1ϕ transformer is a single-phase transformer that has a primary voltage rating of and a
secondary voltage rating of. This type of transformer is commonly used in various electrical
applications to step down the voltage from a higher level to a lower level. Single-phase
transformers are essential components in electrical systems, providing voltage transformation
for different devices and equipment.
The transformer operates based on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where
alternating current (AC) flows through the primary winding, creating a magnetic field that
induces a voltage in the secondary winding. The turns ratio of the transformer determines the
relationship between the primary and secondary voltages.
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Working principle
The working principle of a 1ϕ (single-phase) transformer is based on the fundamental
concept of electromagnetic induction. Here's how it operates:
1. Primary and Secondary Windings: The transformer consists of two sets of windings -
the primary winding and the secondary winding. The primary winding is connected to the
input voltage source while the secondary winding is connected to the load or device that
requires a lower voltage output .
2. AC Input Voltage: When an alternating current (AC) voltage of is applied to the
primary winding, it creates a changing magnetic field around the winding.
3. Induced Voltage: This changing magnetic field induces a voltage in the secondary
winding through electromagnetic induction. The magnitude of the induced voltage in the
secondary winding is determined by the turns ratio between the primary and secondary
windings.
4. Voltage Transformation: In this case, with a turn’s ratio of approximately, the input
voltage is stepped down to at the output. This voltage transformation allows the transformer
to provide a lower voltage level suitable for powering devices or equipment that require.
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Construction of 1ϕ transformer
It consists the following components-
1. Core
2. Primary winding
3. Secondary winding
4. Bobbin
5. Enclosure
Function of each part
1. Core: The core is typically made of laminated silicon steel sheets stacked together to
form a magnetic circuit. It provides a low reluctance path for the magnetic flux
generated by the windings, minimizing losses and maximizing efficiency.
2. Primary Winding: The primary winding is the coil of wire connected to the input
voltage source .When an alternating current flows through the primary winding, it
creates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary winding.
The number of turns in the primary winding are 500 turns of gauge 36 Varnish layered
copper wire.
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3. Secondary Winding: The secondary winding is the coil of wire connected to the load
or device that requires a lower voltage output .The induced voltage in the secondary
winding is determined by the turns ratio between the primary and secondary
windings. The number of turns in secondary are 55 turns of 24-gauge Varnish layered
copper wire.
4. Insulation: Insulation materials such as Varnish and Enamel are used to insulate the
windings from each other and from the core, preventing electrical short circuits and
ensuring safe operation.
5. Bobbin: In a transformer, the bobbin refers to a cylindrical or spool-shaped structure
made of insulating material such as plastic on which the windings of wire are wound.
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The bobbin provides electrical insulation between the windings and the core of the
transformer, as well as between the primary and secondary windings. This insulation
helps prevent short circuits and ensures safe operation of the transformer.
6. Enclosure: In some cases, transformers are housed in an enclosure for protection
against environmental factors and to ensure safe operation.
Advantages
1. Voltage Conversion: The primary advantage of a single phase transformer is its
ability to convert higher voltage to lower voltage . This is particularly useful when you need
to power devices or equipment that require a lower voltage input than what is available from
the mains power supply.
2. Safety: Lower voltage output can be safer for certain applications, reducing the risk of
electrical shock or damage to sensitive equipment. It is commonly used in residential,
commercial, and industrial settings where lower voltages are required.
3. Compatibility: A transformer can be used to match voltage requirements for specific
equipment or appliances that are designed to operate at. This ensures compatibility and proper
functioning of the connected devices.
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Disadvantages
1. Limited Voltage Range: A step-down transformer like the transformer can only
convert voltages in one direction (from higher to lower). It may not be suitable for
applications that require variable voltage output or step-up voltage conversion.
2. Limited Application: The specific voltage ratio of a transformer may limit its
application to devices or equipment that require a fixed input. It may not be versatile enough
for applications with varying voltage requirements.
3. Efficiency Losses: Like all transformers, a transformer may experience some energy
losses during the voltage conversion process. These losses can result in reduced efficiency
and increased power consumption compared to direct connection to a power source.
Application
1. Audio Equipment: Some audio equipment, such as amplifiers or mixers, may require a
power supply. A transformer can be used to provide the necessary voltage conversion for
these devices.
2. Telecommunication Equipment: Certain telecommunication equipment or systems
may operate on a power supply. A transformer can be utilized to step down the voltage from
the standard supply to power these devices.
3. Control Systems: Control systems in industrial automation or HVAC (Heating,
Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) systems may require a power source. A transformer can be
integrated into these systems to provide the required voltage level.
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Model
Fig: Front view
Fig: Top view
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Conclusion
Thus, in this way we studied and understood the construction of a 1ϕ transformer. It
consisted of Core, Primary winding, Secondary winding, Bobbin, Enclosure. The primary
winding consisted of 500 turns and secondary consisted of 55 turns. The insulation
consisted of varnish. Overall, this project gave us a better understanding of the
construction and working of a 1ϕ shell type transformer.
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References
[Link]
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rovi des%20better%20support,requires%20a%20small%20magnetising%20current.
[Link]
applications/[Link]
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