Skill Development
India Skills report-only 47% graduate found employable
Report on National Policy on Skill Development and
Entrepreneurship-only 4.7% of the total workforce-undergone
formal skill training-52% in the US, 80% in Japan, and 96% in
South Korea.
Pros/need
Demographic divident-study by National Skills Development
Corporation (NSDC)-7 crore additional people-expected to enter labour
force by 2023.
Inclusive economic growth:
Automation:Cognizant to needs of Industrial revolution 4.0
Culture of Certified Skilling:
Enhance Productivity and Quality:
Improvement in Wages :in government contract works.
Initiatives
“Samarth Scheme” -Capacity Building in Textile Sector
SAKSHAM Portal:mapping skills of labour) vis-à-vis requirements
of MSMEs
USTTAD Scheme:Minority Affairs.-capacity building of master
craftsmen and artisans.
Bharatskills Portal: Central Repository for skills-easy access
for trainees and trainers of ITI ecosystem
PMKVY 1.0:Short Term Training, Special Projects, Recognition of
Prior Learning,
PMKVY 2.0:alignment with Make in India, Digital India, Swachh
Bharat, etc.
PMKVY 3.0:decentralized structure-District Skill Committees (DSCs)-
under guidance of State Skill Development Missions (SSDM),
“Skill India” programme-to train minimum of 300 million skilled
people by 2022.
Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship created
Skill Management and Accreditation of Training Centres
(SMART):focuses on the accreditation, grading, Affiliation of the
Training Centres (TC)
Skills Acquisition and Knowledge Awareness for Livelihood
(SANKALP):Ifocus is on district-level skilling ecosystem
National Career Service Project:free online career skills training
Skills Strengthening for Industrial Value Enhancement (STRIVE):to
improve the performance of ITIs.
Pradhan Mantri YUVA Yojana (Yuva Udyamita Vikas
Abhiyan):ecosystem for Entrepreneurship development through
Entrepreneurship education and training;
Kaushalacharya Awards:recognize the contribution made by skill
trainers
Scheme for Higher Education Youth in Apprenticeship and Skills
(SHREYAS):industry apprenticeship opportunities to the general
graduates
Atma Nirbhar Skilled Employee Employer Mapping (ASEEM):help
skilled people find sustainable livelihood opportunities.
Issues
Insufficient Training Capacity:India 5,500 public (ITIs) as against
500,000 similar institutes in China.
Lack of Basic Education: 2020 NSO survey-one out of eight students
enrolled in a school or college drops out before completing education;
Lack of Focus on Upskilling/Reskilling:PLFS data 2019-20, 86.1%
between 15 and 59 years had not received any vocational training.
Lack of entrepreneurship skills:only 24% PMKVY-trainees started their
business.
-Piecemeal Approach:National Apprenticeship Training scheme-
restricted to only engineering stream
Overburdened Responsibility:PMKVY-excessive reliance on District
Skills Development Committees
Discontinuity in Policy Process:National Skill Development Agency
(NSDA)-created for resolving the inter-ministerial issues-now
subsumed-under National Council for Vocational Training (NCVT).
lack of appetite of industrialists and SMEs for recruiting.
Low student mobilization:low awareness level among youths
limited access to credit because of Banks' (NPAs),
Wf
Conduct Skills survey:to find exact skill requirements from employers.
Enhanced Expenditure on Education and Training:
learn from technical and vocational training/education models in China,
Germany, Japan, Brazil,
Involving Corporate Sector:Mandatory CSR Expenditure in Skilling:
International collaborations-eg-TEJAS Initiative for Skilling:aims at
skilling, certification and overseas employment of Indians
Reversing the Dropout Trends:with Massive Open Online Courses
(MOOCS)
Incorporate Upskilling in the Goals:Future Skills Initiative-to reskill the
IT industry workforce
