7.
4 Name
Step It Out
Learn the Math Do the Math
3 ――
EXAMPLE 1 S ketch the graph of Sketch the graph of p(x) = - √x - 7 - 1 using
3 ―― 3 ―
p( x) = 2 √x − 1 + 5 using transformations of the graph of f(x) = √ x .
transformations of the graph of Step 1: I dentify the values of a, h, and k:
3 ―
f(x) = √ x .
Step 1: I dentify the values of a, h, and k: a= ,h= ,k= .
a = 2, h = 1, k = 5. Step 2: Determine the mapping of ( -1, -1),
Step 2: Determine the mapping of ( -1, -1), ( 0, 0), and (1, 1)on the parent function f to
( 0, 0), and (1, 1)on the parent function f to their corresponding points on the graph of p.
their corresponding points on the graph of p. (-1, -1)is mapped to ( h - 1, k - a):
(-1, -1)is mapped to ( h - 1, k - a):
(-1, -1) → ( 1 - 1, 5 - 2) = ( 0, 3).
(-1, -1) → ( , ) = ( , ).
(0, 0)is mapped to ( h, k): (0, 0)is mapped to ( h, k):
(0, 0) → ( 1, 5) = ( 1, 5).
(1, 1)is mapped to ( h + 1, k + a):
(0, 0) → ( , ) = ( , ).
(1, 1)is mapped to ( h + 1, k + a):
(1, 1) → ( 1 + 1, 5 + 2) = ( 2, 7).
Step 3: D
etermine a few other points on the
graph of p.
(1, 1) → ( , ) = ( , ).
Step 3: D
etermine a few other points on the
3 ――
p(9) = 2 √9 - 1 + 5 = 9 graph of p.
3 ―――
( )
p(-7) = 2 √ -7 -1 + 5 = 1 ―――――
= -
- -1 =
3
p
Step 4: Sketch the graph of p by plotting the points
( )
(0, 3), ( 1, 5), ( 2, 7), ( 9, 9), and (-7, 1). Then ―――――
= - - -1 =
3
draw a smooth curve through the points. p
Step 4: Sketch the graph.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
(2, 7) y
8 (9, 9) 2
(1, 5) x
4
(-7, 1) (0, 3) 0 2 4 6 8
x
-2
-8 -4 0 4 8
Algebra 2 107 Journal and Practice Workbook
Learn the Math
EXAMPLE 2 Write a cube root function for the graph shown.
The point of rotational symmetry ( h, k) is ( -1, 0), y
(-9, 2)
so h = -1 and k = 0. To determine the value of a,
(-2, 1) 2
the x-coordinate of one of the plotted points needs
x
to be h + 1 = −1 + 1 = 0. The point ( 0, -1) has
x-coordinate 0. Use the point ( 0, -1) to determine -8 -4 (-1, 0) 0 (0, -1) 4
the value of a. ( h + 1, a + k) → ( 0, -1), so -2
(7, -2)
a + k = -1; since k = 0, a = -1. Use the form
3 ――
p(x) = a √x - h + k. Since a = -1, h = -1, and
3 ―――
k = 0, the equation that defines the function is f(x)= - √( x + 1).
Do the Math
Write a cube root function for the graph shown. y x
-2 0 2
(1, -2.5)
(0, -3)
(-1, -3.5) -4
Learn the Math
3 ―
EXAMPLE 3 The graph shows the cube root function L(w) = 21.04 √ w , which models the length L,
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
in feet, of a whale when w is the weight of the whale in tons. Using the graph, describe the
rate of change for each interval and the overall rate of change in the context of the situation.
21.04 -
first interval: _ 21.04
0 =_ = 21.04 y
1−0 1
60
42.08 - 21.04 (27, 63.12)
21.04
Length (ft)
second interval: __
= _ ≈ 3
8−1 7 40 (8, 42.08)
63.12 - 42.08
last interval: __
21.04
= _ ≈ 1.11
27 − 8 19 20 (1, 21.04)
As the weight of the whale increases, the length of the whale (0, 0) x
increases less per ton. 0 20 40
Weight (tons)
Do the Math
3 ―
Graph the cube root function d(t) = √6t 2 , which represents Kepler’s Law of Planetary
Motion, where d is the distance of a planet from the sun in millions of miles, when t
is the number of Earth days it takes for the planet to orbit the sun. Using the graph,
describe the rate of change for each interval and the overall rate of change in the
context of the situation.
Algebra 2 108 Journal and Practice Workbook
LESSON 7.4
Name
More Practice
ONLINE ONL IN E
Video Tutorials and
Video Tutorials and
Interactive Examples
For Problems 1 and 2, graph the function represented by each equation. Interactive Examples
Verify your work with supporting information.
1. Use a table of values to add the graph of the transformed function
3 ―― 3 ―
f(x) = √ x + 1 + 6to the parent function f(x) = √ x . Describe how
the parent function was shifted. State the domain and range.
y
12
x
y 8
x
-12 -8 -4 0 4
-4
3 ―
2. f(x) = -2 √ x y
2
x
-8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8
-2
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
3. Write a cube root function for the given graph. Verify your work with supporting
information.
y x
-4 -2 0 2 4
-2
-4
-6
-8
Algebra 2 109 Journal and Practice Workbook
4. Math on the Spot The population p, in thousands, y
of a town can be modeled by the function 300
3 ―
p(t) = 65.4 √ t + 20, where t is the number of years
200
since 1960. Graph the function and examine its
average rate of change over the equal t-intervals 100
( 0, 20), ( 20, 40), and (40, 60). What is happening
x
to the average rate of change as the t-values of the
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70
intervals increase? Use the graph to find the
population of the town in 2005.
Years since
1960 ( t) 0 20 40 60
Population ( p)
in thousands
5. Construct Arguments Jamal says that the graph shown is
3 ―
y
a transformation of the graph of f(x) = √ x by a horizontal 4
compression by a factor of __
1
, a horizontal translation right 1
8
unit, and vertical translation up 2 units. Lydia says the graph is a 2
3 ―
transformation of f(x) = √ x by a vertical stretch by a factor of 2, x
a horizontal translation right 1 unit, and vertical translation up -4 -2 0 2 4
2 units. Who is correct? Explain.
© Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company
3 ――
6. Identify the x- and y-intercepts of the function f(x) = √x - 8 .
-4
A (8, 0) and (0, −2)
B (2, 0) and (0, 2)
C (8, 0) and (0, 8)
D (−2, 0) and (0, 8)
7. Which of the following ordered pairs represent points that would be included on the
3 ――
graph of the inverse function for f(x) = -5 √ x + 1 - 2? Select all that apply.
A (−2, 3)
B (0, -7)
C (-7, 0)
D (-2, -1)
E (7, -12)
Algebra 2 110 Journal and Practice Workbook
