algorithms used to enable computers Algorithms:
techniques are methods or of task, the nature of the data, and the learning process.
Machine Learning Techniques:
1. Supervised Learning
The model is trained Machine learning (ML) techniques output are known.
Algorithms:
o Linear Regression (e.g., predicting house prices)
o Logistic Regression (e.g., binary classification for spam detection)
o Decision Trees and Random Forests
o Support Vector Machines (SVM)
o Neural Networks (for structured data tasks like classification or regression)
Applications: Fraud detection, sales forecasting, sentiment analysis.
2. Unsupervised Learning
The model is trained on unlabeled data to identify underlying patterns or structures.
Algorithms:
o Clustering (e.g., K-Means, DBSCAN)
o , PCA, t-S Dimensionality Reduction (e.g.NE)
o Association Rules (e.g., market basket analysis)
Applications: Customer segmentation, anomaly detection, recommendation systems.
3. Semi-Supervised Learning
A to improve combination of labeled and unlabeled data is used model accuracy.
Techniques: Self- odels.
Applications: Text classificatraining, graph-baslimited labeled data, mediced mtion with al
diagnosis systems.
4. Reinforcement Learning
ecisions by performing An agent learns to make dactions in an environment to maximize
rewards.
, actions, rewards.
Algorithms:
o Key Elements: States Q-Learning
o Deep Q-Networks (DQN)
o Policy
Applications: Robotics Gradient Methods, gaming (e.g., AlphaGo), autonomous vehicles.
5. Neural Networks and Deep Learning
Specialized models inspired by the human brain, used for complex data and large datasets.
Types of Networks:
o Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs): For image and video analysis.
o Recurrent Neural Networks (RNNs): For sequential data like time series or natural
language.
o Transformers: For NLP tasks like translation and sentiment analysis (e.g., BERT, GPT).
Applications: Image recognition, natural language processing, deep reinforcement learning.
Techniques:
Transfer Learning: model for a new Leveraging a pre-trained task.
Federated Learning: devices while Decentralized ML across preserving data privacy.
Generative Models: GANs for image generation Creating new data (e.g.,).
