ADVANCED PRACTICE No.

A. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

I. PHONOLOGY (5 pts)

1. Choose the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from that of the
others.

1. A. absinthe B. soothe C. loathe D. wreathe

2. A. dogwood B. scuba C. tool D. tomb
3. A. mistletoe B. subtle C. ballet D. depot
4. A. pirate B. inflate C. private D. moderate
5. A. education B. schedule C. procedure D. advantage

2. Pick out the word that is stressed differently from the others.

6. A. devastating B. demanding C. decorating D. detailing

7. A. ocarina B. minaret C. haberdasher D. violinist
8. A. mimosa B. karate C. graffiti D. anecdote
9. A. diplomacy B. delicacy C. peninsula D. pneumonia
10. A. atmosphere B. entertain C. devastating D. industry

II. WORD CHOICE (5pts)

Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. Do you understand it? Has any body put you in the _____ yet?
A. photo B. frame C. photograph D. picture
2. We will have to make up our minds and take the _____ .
A. plunge B. plank C. plunder D. plump
3. All these developments are threatening to _____ our way of life.
A. overturn B. upturn C. setup D. upset
4. Mrs Bloomfield had prepared a _____ meal with six courses to celebrate our arrival.
A. generous B. lavish C. spendthrift D. profuse
5. The Examination Syndicate was most impressed by the overseas students whose English
was _____.
A. irreproachable B. infallible C. impeccable D. spotless
6. The game keeper was on the alert as there has been some _____ on the estate.
A. poaching B. punching C. pouching D. pushing
7. If you park in the General manager’s space, you will soon get your _____ orders.
A. battle B. standing C. marching D. out of
8. The discussion quickly became a very _____ argument about increasing prices.
A. exploded B. roaring C. boiling D. heated
9. We’ve got four people off sick this morning, so it’s all hands _____. I’m afraid.
A. across the ocean B. on board C. to the ropes D. on deck
10. Giving up smoking is mainly a question of _____ .
A. spirit over matter [Link] over matter C. mind over material [Link] over material

III. STRUCTURE AND GRAMMAR ( 5pts)

Choose the word or phrase which best completes each sentence.
1. Henry isn’t a very good footballer and now, in my opinion, _____ .
A. he never will B. he will be never C. he never will be D. never will he
2. _____ the snow and the fog, I wasn’t able to get to the airport on time.
A. For B. What with C. Because D. Owing to
3. I gave my last Mars bar to Jake, because he was feeling hungry; _____ , he likes them far
more than I can do.
A. besides B. whereas C. nonetheless D. hence
4. The trouble with Tom is that he _____ sport.
A. is obsessed in B. is keen of C. is obsessed with D. is in favour of
5. The construction of the modern airport is _____ .
A. being progress B. working out C. in plan D. under way
6. _____, we drove the horses into brewing.
A. Aware that a tornado was brewing B. Because a tornado brewing
C. Although a tornado was brewing D. A tornado was brewing
7. He has received several scholarships _____ .
A. not only because of his artistic but his academic ability
B. for both his academic ability as well as his artistic
C. because of his academic and artistic ability
D. as resulting of his ability in the art and the academy
8. I need to find an apartment before I can move. _____ I can find one in the next week or so, I
will move to Chicago the first of next month.
A. Even if B. Provided that C. Only if D. If only
9. _____ the invention of the steam engine, most forms of transport were horse-drawn.
A. Akin to B. With reference to C. In addition to D. Prior to
10. _____ , we can take another road.
A. If need be B. When it may
C. We might as well D. Come what must
V. READING COMPREHENSION (10PTS)
Passage 1: Read the passages and choose the best answer for each question.
By the mid-nineteenth century, the term "icebox" had entered the American language,
but ice was still only beginning to affect the diet of ordinary citizens in the United States.
The ice trade grew with the growth of cities. Ice was used in hotels, taverns, and hospitals,
and by some forward-looking city dealers in fresh meat, fresh fish, and butter. After the
Civil War (1861-1865), as ice was used to refrigerate freight cars, it also came into
household use. Even before 1880, half the ice sold in New York, Philadelphia, and
Baltimore, and one-third of that sold in Boston and Chicago, went to families for their
own use. This had become possible because a new household convenience, the icebox, a
precursor of the modern refrigerator, had been invented.
Making an efficient icebox was not as easy as we might now suppose. In the early
nineteenth century, the knowledge of the physics of heat, which was essential to a science
of refrigeration, was rudimentary. The commonsense notion that the best icebox was one
that prevented the ice from melting was of course mistaken, for it was the melting of the
ice that performed the cooling. Nevertheless, early efforts to economize ice included
wrapping the ice in blankets, which kept the ice from doing its job. Not until near the end
of the nineteenth century did inventors achieve the delicate balance of insulation and
circulation needed for an efficient icebox.
But as early as 1803, an ingenious Maryland farmer, Thomas Moore, had been on the
right track. He owned a farm about twenty miles outside the city of Washington, for
which the village of Georgetown was the market center. When he used an icebox of his
own design to transport his butter to market, he found that customers would pass up the
rapidly melting stuff in the tubs of his competitors to pay a premium price for his butter,
still fresh and hard in neat, one-pound bricks. One advantage of his icebox, Moore
explained, was that farmers would no longer have to travel to market at night in order to
keep their produce cool.
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. The influence of ice on the diet.
B. The development of refrigeration.
C. The transportation of goods to market.
D. Sources of ice in the nineteenth century.
2. According to the passage, when did the word "icebox" become part of the language of
the United States?
A. In 1803.
B. Sometime before 1850.
C. During the Civil War.
D. Near the end of the nineteenth century.
3. The phrase "forward-looking" is closest in meaning to _______ .
A. progressive
B. popular
C. thrifty
D. well-established
4. The author mentions“ fish” because _______ .
A. many fish dealers also sold ice
B. fish was shipped in refrigerated freight cats
C. fish dealers were among the early commercial users of ice
D. fish was not part of the ordinary person's diet before the invention of the icebox
5. The word "it" refers to _______ .
A. fresh meat
B. the Civil War
C. ice
D. a refrigerator
6. According to the passage, which of the following was an obstacle to the development of
the icebox?
A. Competition among the owners of refrigerated freight cars.
B. The lack of a network for the distribution of ice.
C. The use of insufficient insulation.
D. Inadequate understanding of physics.
7. The word "rudimentary" is closest in meaning to _______ .
A. growing
B. undeveloped
C. necessary
D. uninteresting
8. According to the information in the second paragraph, an ideal icebox would
_______
A. completely prevent ice from melting
B. stop air from circulating
C. allow ice to melt slowly
D. use blankets to conserve ice
9. The author describes Thomas Moore as having been "on the right track" to indicate
that_______ .
A. the road to the market passed close to Moore's farm
B. Moore was an honest merchant
C. Moore was a prosperous farmer
D. Moore's design was fairly successful
10. According to the passage, Moore's icebox allowed him to__________ .
A. charge more for his butter
B. travel to market at night
C. manufacture butter more quickly
D. produce ice all year round

Passage 2:
The work of the railroad pioneers in America became the basis for a great surge of
railroad building halfway through the nineteenth century that linked the nation together as
never before. Railroads eventually became the nation’s number one transportation system, and
remained so until the construction of the interstate highway system halfway through the
twentieth century. They were of crucial importance in stimulating economic expansion, but
their influence reached beyond the economy and was pervasive in American society at large.
By 1804, English as well as American inventors had experimented with steam engines
for moving land vehicles. In 1920, John Stevens ran a locomotive and cars around in a circular
track on his New Jersey estate, which the public saw as an amusing toy. And in 1825, after
opening a short length of track, the Stockton to Darlington Railroad in England became the
first line to carry general traffic. American businesspeople, especially those in the Atlantic
coastal region who looked for better communication with the West, quickly became interested
in the English experiment. The first company in America to begin actual operations was the
Baltimore and Ohio, which opened a thirteen- mile length of track in 1830. It used a team of
horses to pull a train of passenger carriages and freight wagons along the track. Steam
locomotive power didn’t come into regular service until two years later.
However, for the first decade or more, there was not yet a true railroad system. Even
the longest of the lines was relatively short in the 1830’s, and most of them served simply to
connect water routes to each other, not to link one railroad to another. Even when two lines
did connect, the tracks often differed in width, so cars from one line couldn’t fit onto tracks of
the next line. Schedules were unreliable and wrecks were frequent. Significantly, however,
some important developments during the 1830’s and 1840’s included the introduction of
heavier iron rails, more flexible and powerful locomotives, and passenger cars were
redesigned to become more stable, comfortable, and larger. By the end of 1830 only 23 miles
of track had been laid in the country. But by 1936, more than 1,000 miles of track had been
laid in eleven States, and within the decade, almost 3,000 miles had been constructed. By that
early age, the United States had already surpassed Great Britain in railroad construction, and
particularly from the mid-1860’s, the late nineteenth century belonged to the railroads.
21. The word “stimulating” in line 6 is closest in meaning to
A. helping B. changing C. promoting D. influencing
22. The word “their” in line 6 refers to
A. railroad pioneers B. railroads
C. the interstate highway system D. American society
23. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
A. The United States regarded Great Britain as a competitor in developing the most
efficient railroad system
B. Steam locomotive power was first used in 1832
C. American businessmen saw railroads as a threat to established businesses
D. Steam locomotives replaced horses because of the distances across the country
24. The author concludes that for the first decade or more, there was not yet a true
railroad system because
A. passenger cars were not stable, comfortable or large
B. locomotives were not powerful enough
C. schedules were unreliable and wrecks were frequent
D. lines were relatively short and not usually linked
25. The word “schedules” in line 23 is closest in meaning to:
A. safety procedures B. employees
C. timetables D. railroad tracks
26. Which of the following is NOT true about the 1830’s and 1840’s (line 25)
A. passenger cars became larger B. schedules were reliable
C. locomotives became more powerful D. tracks were heavier
27. The word “stable” in line 26 is closest in meaning to
 A. fixed B. supportive C. reliable D. sound
28. By what time had almost 3,000 miles of track been laid?
A. 1830 B. 1836 C. 1840 D. mid-1860s
29. The word “surpassed” in line 30 is closest in meaning to
A. exceeded B. beaten C. overtaken D. equalled
30. Why does the author include details about Great Britain in the passage?
A. To compare developments in both the United States and Great Britain
B. To illustrate the competitiveness between the two countries
C. To show where Americans got their ideas and technology from
D. To provide a more complete historical context

VI. GUIDED CLOZE TEST (10pts)

Read the following passage and decide which option A,B, C or D best fits each space.
Passage 1:
DOLPHIN TO THE RESCUE

People often claim that humans and animals are not as different as they appear. For example,
dolphin are often 1_________with human – or even super-human – intelligence and also a sort
of 2_________with human beings. This attitude to dolphins is not surprising in view of
3_________like the following one, which happened in 1983. A lawyer’s wife was bathing alone
from a private beach in Florida. She had only just 4________into the water when she was
5________off by a strong current. She swallowed water and was beginning to lose 6________,
wishing desperately that someone would come and rescue her. And she tells how at this moment
she was given ‘a tremendous shove’ and found herself 7______out of the water. She slowly
recovered and turned to thank her rescuer. But there was no one about, only a pair of dolphins
playing and leaping out of the water a few metres offshore.

At this point a man came running up to say that he had seen what he had taken for a dead body
being pushed ashore by one of the dolphins. Now this is not an obscure 8_______ of an incident
which happened in the dim and 9 ______ past. It happened in our own times and was witnessed
by a number of 10_________.

1. A. credited B. awarded C. attributed D. reckoned

2. A. likeness B. attraction C. sympathy D. fellowship
3. A. occasions B. incidents C. scenes D. circumstances
4. A. swum B. emerged C. entered D. gone
5. A. taken B. carried C. fetched D. transported
6. A. sight B. life C. awareness D. consciousness
7. A. staggering B. hauling C. rescuing D. appearing
8. A. narrative B. account C. tale D. version
9. A. unreliable B. historical C. ancient D. distant
10. A. onlookers B. watchers C. viewers D. spectators

Passage 2:
Earth is the only 1______ we know of in the universe that can support human life.
2_______ human activities are making the planet less fit to live on. As the western world
3_______ on consuming two-thirds of the world's resources while half of the world's
population do so 4_______ to stay alive we are rapidly destroying the very resource we
have by which all people can survive and prosper. Everywhere fertile soil is 5_______ built
on or washed into the sea. Renewable resources are exploited so much that they will never
be able to recover completely. We discharge pollutants into the atmosphere without any
thought of the consequences. As a 6________ the planet's ability to support people is
being reduced at the very time when rising human numbers and consumption are
7______ increasingly heavy demands on it. The Earth's natural resources are there for us
to use. We need food, water, air, energy, medicines, warmth, shelter and minerals to
8______ us fed, comfortable, healthy and active. If we are sensible in how we use the
resources they will 9______ indefinitely. But if we use them wastefully and excessively
they will soon run 10______ and everyone will suffer.
1. A. place B. situation C. position D. site
2. A. Yet B. Although C. Still D. Despite
3. A. carries B. continues C. follows D. repeats
4. A. entirely B. for C. already D. just
5. A. neither B. either C. rather D. sooner
6. A. reaction B. result C. product D. development
7. A. having B. doing C. making D. taking
8. A. maintain B. keep C. stay D. hold
9. A. Remain B. last C. stand D. go
10. A. up B. off C. down D. out
B. WRITTEN TEST
I. OPEN CLOZE TEST: Fill each blank with ONE word.(20 pts)
Cloze Test 1:
WATER ON THE MOON
As a result of the recent discovery of the lunar water, the moon has suddenly become a far more
interesting place for investors, who must now view the 1______ prospects with optimism. The
last manned mission to the moon 2_______to a close in 1973, when two astronauts from Apollo
17 climbed back into their 3______module, having collected a lot of moon rock, but bereft of
any future plans. Now the moon shines brighter for astronauts and scientists alike, 4_______ to
the existence of 5_______might be billions of tones of water at its poles.

There is 6________ high-tech substitute for water in space exploration. To support the
international space 7_______, it has cost at least $100,000 a day to send water into 8______ .
Not only would lunar water cut these costs, but it would additionally be used for rocket fuel,
9______ two components, liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, are the elements found in water.

Scientists are particularly excited 10_______, given the absence of the atmosphere, lunar water
has never been recycled and they believe, therefore, that it could very well hold clues to the
information of the solar system itself.
Cloze Test 2:
The Changing English Language

All languages change over a period of time, for reasons which are imperfectly understood.
Speech is really so integral a 1________ of human activity that it cannot be regarded as an entity
2________ itself. For this 3________ , it is more exact to say that each generation behaves
linguistically in a slightly different manner from its predecessors.

Young people are impatient of what they often consider to be the stilted vocabulary and
pronunciation of their elders and like to show how up-to-date they are by using a latest slang.
Nevertheless, as the years go by, some of that slang becomes standard 4_______. In any
5________, people slowly grow far 6________ receptive to linguistic novelties, so that by the
time they reach their forties, they decry the slovenly speech of the younger generation.

In this respect, language is a little like fashions in dress. The informal clothes of one generation
become the everyday wear of the 7_______. Similarly, just as many young doctors and office
workers carry out their 8______ in casual clothes, so expressions which were once confined
9_______ slang and familiar conversation are assimilated 10________ their normal vocabulary.

II. WORD FORMS (20 pts)

Part 1: Complete the sentence with the correct form of the given word. (10 pts)

1. The agenda for meeting is still not ______ . (final)

2. Management decided the office was ______ and sacked three junior typists. (man)
3. The police will be keeping a sharp ______ for drug- pushers at the pop festival. (look)
4. University faculties expect to receive completed ______ by the beginning of June. (thesis)
5. He made a ______ attempt to climb the tree to recover his kite. (fool)
6. Store cards are offered at the till and people can obtain ______of credit cards with relative
ease. (fist)
7. Please place your cigarette ends in the ______ provided. (receive)
8. Why don’t you take the ______ and arrange the meeting. (initiate)
9. His workmates were very ______ and selfish. (cooperate)
10. Heavy rain and excessive use have the soil_____. (poverty)

Part 2: Complete the passage with appropriate forms from the words given in the box.
(10 pts)

persist dispose adequate confer out

condition part fail lone conscious

More than half of the World’s population consider themselves shy, delegates to the first
international (1)______ on shyness, being held in Cardiff, will be told today. One in 10 cases
is severe. Effects include mutism, speech problems, (2) ______, blushing, shaking and
trembling, lack of eye contact, difficulty in forming relationships and social phobia- the most
extreme form of shyness, defined by the American Psychiatric Association as a pronounced
and (3) ______ fear of social or performance situations in which embarrassment may occur.
Shy people tend to blame themselves for social (4) ______ and attribute success to (5) ______
factors. They expect their behaviour to be (6) ______ , remember only negative information
about themselves and accept without challenge adverse comments from others.
The causes are complex and not fully understood. The latest theory is that it can be traced to
genes as well as to social (7) ______. One estimate, based on research with twins, is that
around 15 percent of the population are born with a (8)______ to shyness. Some psychologists
believe there are two types: an early developing, fearful shyness and a later developing,
(9)______ shyness. The fearful version emerges often in the first year of life and is thought to
be (10) ______ inherited.

IV. SENTENCE TRANSFORMATION

Rewrite the sentences with the given words or beginning in such a way that their meanings
remain unchanged. (20 pts)
1. She became interested in wildlife conservation, so she joined Greenpeace.
But…………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Sally persuaded me not to sell my car.
 Sally talked…………………………………………………………………………………
3. The fire led to the setting of a public inquiry.
As a............................................................................................................…………………
4. The inevitability of unemployment was something nobody cared to admit.
The admission………………………………………………………………………………
5. The sooner this job is over, the better.
Let’s get..…………………………………………………………………………………...
6. In general, we must pass this examination.
By and………………………………………………………………………………………
7. When he was a child, he loved dismantling things – to see how they worked. (PIECES)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
8. She’s not really upset; she’s only pretending. (ACT)
………………………………………………………………………………………………
9. If you don’t like the idea then just say no. I believe you should always speak frankly.
(SPADE)
……………………………………………………………………………………………….
10. My father is really very angry when he finds out that I’ve lost the car keys. (WALL)
………………………………………………………………………………………………