10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
1. In the context of file systems, what does the term "journaling" refer to? (2 points)
⚪ A technique for compressing file data
⚪ A method for encrypting sensitive files
⚫ A way of tracking file system changes to ensure consistency
⚪ A process of defragmenting the file system
2. Which scheduling algorithm is most likely to cause starvation? (2 points)
⚪ Round Robin
⚪ First-Come, First-Served
⚪ Shortest Job First (non-preemptive)
⚫ Priority Scheduling
3. Which scheduling algorithm is most likely to provide the best turnaround time for a mix of (2 points)
short and long jobs?
⚪ First-Come, First-Served
⚪ Round Robin
⚫ Shortest Job First
⚪ Priority Scheduling
4. Which of the following is NOT a common page replacement algorithm? (2 points)
⚪ Least Recently Used (LRU)
⚪ First-In-First-Out (FIFO)
⚪ Optimal Page Replacement
⚫ Most Frequently Used (MFU)
5. Which of the following best describes the purpose of a "capability" in the context of operating (2 points)
system security?
⚫ A token that grants specific access rights to a resource
⚪ A method for encrypting sensitive data
⚪ A technique for detecting and preventing buffer overflow attacks
⚪ A way of implementing mandatory access control
6. Which of the following is NOT a type of operating system? (2 points)
⚪ Batch Operating System
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚪ Time-Sharing Operating System
⚪ Distributed Operating System
⚫ Quantum Operating System
7. What is the primary purpose of a file system? (2 points)
⚪ To encrypt data stored on disk
⚪ To compress data to save storage space
⚫ To organize and manage files on storage devices
⚪ To schedule disk access for multiple processes
8. In the context of deadlock avoidance, what does the banker's algorithm determine? (2 points)
⚪ The optimal order of process execution
⚫ Whether a system is in a safe state
⚪ The minimum number of resources needed to avoid deadlock
⚪ The maximum number of processes that can run concurrently
9. What is the primary difference between a hard link and a symbolic link in file systems? (2 points)
⚪ Hard links can cross file system boundaries, while symbolic links cannot
⚪ Symbolic links can point to directories, while hard links cannot
⚫ Hard links share the same inode, while symbolic links have their own inode
⚪ Symbolic links are updated automatically when the target file is moved
10. In the context of monitors, what is the purpose of condition variables? (2 points)
⚪ To implement mutual exclusion
⚫ To allow threads to wait for specific conditions to be met
⚪ To count the number of threads currently in the monitor
⚪ To store the monitor's internal state
11. In segmentation, what does the segment table entry typically contain? (2 points)
⚪ Page number and frame number
⚫ Base address and limit
⚪ Offset and page size
⚪ Process ID and priority
12. In the context of file systems, what does the term "inode" represent? (2 points)
⚫ A data structure that stores metadata about a file
⚪ A method of file encryption
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚪ A type of file compression algorithm
⚪ A technique for optimizing file access times
13. In the context of memory management, what is the purpose of a Translation Lookaside Buffer (2 points)
(TLB)?
⚪ To store frequently accessed memory pages
⚫ To cache virtual-to-physical address translations
⚪ To manage the swapping of pages between memory and disk
⚪ To implement demand paging algorithms
14. What is the main purpose of the "setjmp" and "longjmp" functions in C programming? (2 points)
⚪ To implement exception handling
⚪ To create new processes
⚪ To allocate dynamic memory
⚫ To perform non-local goto operations
15. In the context of virtual memory, what is the purpose of the Translation Lookaside Buffer (2 points)
(TLB)?
⚪ To store frequently used disk blocks in memory
⚫ To cache recent virtual-to-physical address translations
⚪ To manage the swapping of pages between memory and disk
⚪ To implement demand paging algorithms
16. Which of the following is NOT a preemptive scheduling technique? (2 points)
⚪ Round Robin
⚪ Shortest Remaining Time First
⚫ First-Come, First-Served
⚪ Multilevel Feedback Queue
17. Which of the following is NOT a strategy for deadlock prevention? (2 points)
⚪ Resource ordering
⚪ Mutual exclusion elimination
⚫ Hold and wait condition allowance
⚪ Circular wait prevention
18. Which of the following best describes the concept of a "race condition"? (2 points)
⚪ A situation where two processes compete for CPU time
⚫ A scenario where the outcome depends on the relative timing of events
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚪ A condition where a process is stuck waiting for a resource
⚪ A state where multiple processes are executing in perfect parallel
19. What is the primary purpose of a reentrant function in multi-threaded programming? (2 points)
⚪ To allow recursive calls
⚫ To ensure thread safety when called simultaneously by multiple threads
⚪ To implement mutual exclusion
⚪ To optimize function execution speed
20. Which of the following is NOT a typical responsibility of a device driver? (2 points)
⚪ Translating OS commands into specific hardware instructions
⚪ Managing device-specific data structures
⚫ Implementing file system operations
⚪ Handling device interrupts
21. What is the main purpose of the "fork bomb" in the context of operating systems? (2 points)
⚪ To test the robustness of the process creation mechanism
⚫ To implement a denial-of-service attack by exhausting system resources
⚪ To optimize process scheduling in multi-core systems
⚪ To create a large number of child processes for parallel processing
22. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of using threads over processes? (2 points)
⚪ Faster context switching
⚪ Shared memory space
⚫ Independent memory protection
⚪ Easier inter-thread communication
23. What is the main advantage of the Shortest Job First (SJF) scheduling algorithm? (2 points)
⚫ It minimizes the average waiting time for a given set of processes
⚪ It guarantees fairness by giving each process equal CPU time
⚪ It prevents starvation by prioritizing long-running processes
⚪ It is the easiest algorithm to implement in real operating systems
24. What is thrashing in the context of virtual memory? (2 points)
⚪ A security vulnerability where processes can access each other's memory
⚫ A situation where the CPU is idle most of the time due to excessive page faults
⚪ A method of optimizing memory access by predicting future page references
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚪ The process of clearing unused pages from memory to free up space
25. Which page replacement algorithm suffers from Belady's anomaly? (2 points)
⚪ Least Recently Used (LRU)
⚫ First-In-First-Out (FIFO)
⚪ Optimal Page Replacement
⚪ Clock Algorithm
26. Which of the following best describes the concept of "false sharing" in multi-core systems? (2 points)
⚪ A security vulnerability where processes can access each other's memory
⚫ A situation where threads on different cores inadvertently interfere with each other's cache lines
⚪ A condition where processes share resources they don't actually need
⚪ A method of optimizing memory usage by sharing read-only pages
27. Which of the following is NOT a benefit of paging in memory management? (2 points)
⚪ Eliminates external fragmentation
⚪ Allows physical memory to be non-contiguous
⚪ Provides memory protection between processes
⚫ Guarantees that all pages will be of equal size to process segments
28. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a real-time operating system? (2 points)
⚪ Deterministic behavior
⚪ Priority-based scheduling
⚫ Time-sharing between processes
⚪ Minimal interrupt latency
29. In contiguous memory allocation, what is the term for the problem where memory becomes (2 points)
divided into small, unusable fragments?
⚪ Memory leakage
⚫ External fragmentation
⚪ Internal fragmentation
⚪ Memory thrashing
30. Which of the following is NOT a common method for file system implementation? (2 points)
⚪ Contiguous Allocation
⚪ Linked Allocation
⚪ Indexed Allocation
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚫ Quantum Allocation
31. In the context of race conditions, what does the term "critical section" refer to? (2 points)
⚫ A section of code that can only be executed by one process at a time
⚪ A section of the CPU that handles high-priority tasks
⚪ A section of memory that is shared between multiple processes
⚪ A section of the operating system that manages process scheduling
32. Which of the following best describes the concept of a "spinlock"? (2 points)
⚫ A locking mechanism that uses busy-waiting
⚪ A technique for avoiding deadlocks in multi-threaded programs
⚪ A method for scheduling processes in a round-robin fashion
⚪ A type of lock that automatically releases after a set time period
33. In the context of CPU scheduling, what does the term "convoy effect" refer to? (2 points)
⚫ A situation where short processes wait for a long process to release the CPU
⚪ A scenario where multiple processes compete for the same I/O device
⚪ The tendency of processes to arrive in groups
⚪ The effect of prioritizing I/O-bound processes over CPU-bound processes
34. What is the primary purpose of the working set model in virtual memory management? (2 points)
⚪ To implement demand paging
⚫ To prevent thrashing
⚪ To optimize disk I/O operations
⚪ To implement segmentation
35. What is the main purpose of the "nice" value in Unix-like operating systems? (2 points)
⚫ To set process priorities
⚪ To determine the amount of memory allocated to a process
⚪ To specify the maximum CPU time a process can use
⚪ To define the number of I/O operations a process can perform
36. Which of the following is NOT a typical state of a process in an operating system? (2 points)
⚪ Running
⚪ Ready
⚪ Blocked
⚫ Compiling
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
37. What is the main disadvantage of the First-Come, First-Served (FCFS) scheduling algorithm? (2 points)
⚪ It can lead to starvation of short processes
⚪ It requires complex implementation in the operating system
⚪ It doesn't work well with multi-core processors
⚫ It can result in poor utilization of CPU and I/O devices
38. What is the primary difference between preemptive and non-preemptive scheduling? (2 points)
⚪ Preemptive scheduling allows voluntary release of the CPU
⚪ Non-preemptive scheduling allows interruption of running processes
⚪ Non-preemptive scheduling is only used in real-time systems
⚫ Preemptive scheduling allows interruption of running processes
39. What is the main advantage of multithreading over multiprocessing? (2 points)
⚪ Better utilization of multicore processors
⚪ Increased security and isolation between execution units
⚫ Reduced memory overhead and faster context switching
⚪ Simplified programming model with no need for synchronization
40. Which of the following best describes the concept of a "zombie process" in operating (2 points)
systems?
⚪ A process that consumes excessive CPU resources
⚫ A process that has terminated but still has an entry in the process table
⚪ A process that is stuck in an infinite loop
⚪ A process that has been infected by malware
41. Which of the following best describes a thread? (2 points)
⚪ A heavy-weight process with its own memory space
⚫ A light-weight process that shares memory with other threads in the same process
⚪ An isolated execution environment with no shared resources
⚪ A virtual machine running on top of the operating system
42. What is the primary purpose of a shadow page table in virtual memory systems? (2 points)
⚪ To implement copy-on-write functionality
⚪ To optimize TLB performance
⚫ To support hardware-assisted virtualization
⚪ To implement demand paging
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
43. What is the primary purpose of the Process Control Block (PCB) in an operating system? (2 points)
⚪ To store the actual code of the process
⚫ To maintain information about the state of a process
⚪ To allocate CPU time to processes
⚪ To manage inter-process communication
44. In the context of process creation, which system call is used in Unix-like operating systems to (2 points)
create a new process?
⚫ fork()
⚪ exec()
⚪ spawn()
⚪ create()
45. In the context of virtual memory, what does the term "copy-on-write" refer to? (2 points)
⚫ A technique for optimizing memory usage by sharing read-only pages
⚪ A method for copying data between processes
⚪ A way of implementing demand paging
⚪ A strategy for handling page faults
46. A contiguous area of storage allocated to a file (2 points)
⚫ To implement exception handling
⚪ The maximum size a file can grow to
⚪ A type of file permission
⚪ A method of file compression
47. In the context of concurrency, what does the term "happens-before" relationship signify? (2 points)
⚪ A guarantee that one operation will always execute before another
⚪ A strict ordering of events in a distributed system
⚪ A method for prioritizing process execution
⚫ A way of defining the visibility of memory operations between threads
48. Which of the following is NOT a common technique for handling priority inversion? (2 points)
⚪ Priority inheritance
⚪ Priority ceiling protocol
⚫ Random boosting
⚪ Priority donation
49. What is the primary difference between a semaphore and a mutex? (2 points)
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10/5/24, 10:17 PM System Design - Operating System (TEST-2)
⚪ Semaphores can only have binary values, while mutexes can have multiple values
⚪ Mutexes can be used for signaling between processes, while semaphores cannot
⚫ Semaphores can be used for signaling between processes, while mutexes are used for mutual
exclusion
⚪ Mutexes can only be used within a single process, while semaphores can be used across multiple
processes
50. Which of the following best describes the concept of "thrashing" in an operating system? (2 points)
⚪ A situation where the CPU is overloaded with too many processes
⚫ A condition where excessive paging occurs, leading to severe performance degradation
⚪ A security vulnerability where processes can access each other's memory
⚪ A method of optimizing disk I/O by predicting future access patterns
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