Subject Chemistry (0620/0971)

Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations (CIE)

Topic Chemical Bonding

Time Allowed: 1Hr Score: /65 Percentage: /100

1 Which statement describes the structure of an ionic compound?

A It is a giant lattice of oppositely charged ions.

B It is a giant lattice of positive ions in a ‘sea’ of electrons.
C It is a giant molecule of oppositely charged ions.
D It is a simple molecule of oppositely charged ions.

2 Sodium is in Group I of the Periodic Table.

Chlorine is in Group VII of the Periodic Table.

Sodium and chlorine combine to form a compound.

Which statement about the combination of sodium and chlorine atoms is correct?

A Both sodium and chlorine lose electrons.

B Both sodium and chlorine gain electrons.
C Sodium loses electrons and chlorine gains electrons.
D Sodium gains electrons and chlorine loses electrons.

3 Two elements, P and Q, are in the same period of the Periodic Table.

P and Q react together to form an ionic compound. Part of the lattice of this compound is shown.

P+ Q–

Q– P+

Q– P+

P+ Q–

Which statement is correct?

A An ion of P has more electrons than an ion of Q.

B Element P is non-metallic.
C P is to the left of Q in the Periodic Table.
D The formula of the compound is P4Q4.
4 Which statement about an ionic compound is not correct?

A It conducts electricity when dissolved in water.

B It has a high melting point due to strong attractive forces between ions.
C It has a regular lattice of oppositely charged ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.
D The ionic bonds are formed between metallic and non-metallic elements.

5 Chemical compounds formed from a Group I element and a Group VII element contain ionic
bonds.

How are the ionic bonds formed?

A Electrons are transferred from Group VII atoms to Group I atoms.

B Electrons are shared between Group I atoms and Group VII atoms.
C Electrons are lost by Group I atoms and Group VII atoms.
D Electrons are transferred from Group I atoms to Group VII atoms.

6 The element livermorium, Lv, was discovered in the year 2000.

2–
Which statement predicts what will happen to an Lv atom when it forms an Lv ion?

A The atom will gain two electrons.

B The atom will lose two electrons.
C The atom will lose two protons.
D The atom will gain two protons.

7 What happens to an atom when it becomes an ion with a charge of +1?

A It gains an electron.
B It gains a proton.
C It loses an electron.
D It loses a proton.
8 The electronic structures of two atoms, P and Q, are shown.

P Q

P and Q combine together to form a compound.

What is the type of bonding in the compound and what is the formula of the compound?

9 Rubidium is in Group I of the Periodic Table and bromine is in Group VII.

Rubidium reacts with bromine to form an ionic compound.

Which row shows the electron change taking place for rubidium and the correct formula of the
rubidium ion?

10 Rubidium is in Group I and iodine is in Group VII of the Periodic Table.

Which row describes what happens when rubidium and iodine react together to form rubidium
iodide?
11 Which row shows the properties for an ionic compound?

12 The arrangements of the electrons in two ions formed from elements X and Y are shown.

X Y

n = 20 n = 20
p = 19 p = 17

Which equation represents the reaction between elements X and Y?

A + –
X2 + 2Y  2X + 2Y
– +
B X2 + 2Y  2X + 2Y
+ –
C 2X + Y2  2X + 2Y
– +
D 2X + Y2  2X + 2Y

13 The Group I element sodium forms an ionic bond with the Group VII element fluorine.

Which two ions are produced?

+ + + – – – – +
A Na and F B Na and F C Na and F D Na and F

7
14 An isotope of lithium has the symbol3 Li .

What is the arrangement of electrons in one atom of this isotope of lithium?

A B C D
15 A covalent molecule Q contains exactly six shared electrons.

What is Q?

A ammonia, NH3
B chlorine, Cl 2

C methane, CH4
D water, H2O

16 What is the total number of electrons in one molecule of ammonia, NH3?

A 6 B 8 C 10 D 11

17 Which row describes the formation of single covalent bonds in methane?

A atoms share a pair of electrons both atoms gain a

noble gas electronic structure
B atoms share a pair of electrons both atoms have the same number
of electrons in their outer shell
C electrons are transferred from one both atoms gain a
atom to another noble gas electronic structure

D electrons are transferred from one both atoms have the same number
atom to another of electrons in their outer shell

18 Which diagram represents the outer-shell electron arrangement in a nitrogen molecule?

19 Which dot-and-cross diagram shows the arrangement of outer shell electrons in a molecule of
hydrogen chloride?

20 How many electrons are used to form covalent bonds in a molecule of methanol, CH3OH?

A 5 B 6 C 8 D 10
21 The structure of propane, C3H8, is shown.

H H H

H C C C H

H H H
How many electrons are involved in the bonding of propane?

A 8 B 10 C 16 D 20

22 The formula of which compound contains the largest number of Group VII atoms?

A C13H13IO8 B Cl 2O6 C Al (BrO3)3 D NaFC2H2O2

23 The structure of a molecule of a compound is shown.

24 The structure of a molecule is shown.

H H H H

H C C O C C H

H H H H

What is the formula of the molecule?

A CHO B C2H5O C C4H8O D C4H10O

25 Caffeine is a stimulant found in coffee.

26 Which row identifies compounds that contain single covalent bonds only, double covalent bonds
only or both single and double covalent bonds?

27 Which statement describes the attractive forces between molecules?

A They are strong covalent bonds which hold molecules together.

B They are strong ionic bonds which hold molecules together.
C They are weak forces formed between covalently-bonded molecules.
D They are weak forces which hold ions together in a lattice.

28 Which diagram shows the arrangement of the outer shell electrons in a molecule of water?

A B

H H H H

O O

C D

H H H H

O O
29 What is the dot-and-cross diagram for NCl 3?

30 Magnesium oxide has a high melting point. It is used to line the inside of furnaces that operate at
high temperatures.

Why does magnesium oxide have a high melting point?

A It has metallic bonds.

B It has strong forces between its molecules.
C It is a simple molecular substance.
D It is an ionic compound.

31 Potassium bromide and methanol are both compounds.

Their melting points are different.

Which row is correct?

substance with the

reason why the melting points are different
higher melting point
A methanol the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions
is greater than the attractive forces between molecules
B methanol the attractive forces between molecules is greater
than the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions
C potassium bromide the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions
is greater than the attractive forces between molecules
D potassium bromide the attractive forces between molecules is greater
than the attractive forces between oppositely charged ions
32 Graphite is a macromolecule.

Which statements about graphite are correct?

1 Carbon atoms form four covalent bonds with neighbouring atoms.

2 There are free electrons between layers of carbon atoms.
 3 Graphite is a useful lubricant.
4 Graphite is a good conductor of electricity.

A 1 and 2 B 1, 3 and 4 C 2, 3 and 4 D 3 and 4 only

33 The ‘lead’ in a pencil is made of a mixture of graphite and clay.

‘lead’

When the percentage of graphite is increased, the pencil slides across the paper more easily.

Which statement explains this observation?

A Graphite has a high melting point.

B Graphite is a form of carbon.
C Graphite is a lubricant.
D Graphite is a non-metal.

34 Graphite is a form of carbon.

Why can graphite be used as a lubricant?

A Graphite contains unbonded electrons which move through the structure.

B Graphite contains weak covalent bonds so the atoms move easily.
C Graphite has a low melting point so it easily turns into a liquid.
D Graphite has weak attractive forces between layers so they can move.

35 Which statement explains why graphite is used as a lubricant?

A All bonds between the atoms are weak.

B It conducts electricity.
C It has a low melting point.
D Layers in the structure can slide over each other.

36 Which statement explains why diamond is used in cutting tools?

A It has no free electrons.

B It has a high melting point.
C It is colourless.
 D It is hard.

37 Which substance is not a macromolecule?

A diamond
B graphite

C silicon(IV) oxide
D sulfur
38 Which substance is a macromolecule with only strong bonds present in structure?

A water
B methane
C silicon
D carbon nanotubes

39 Diamond and graphite have giant covalent structures of carbon atoms.

Which statement describes graphite?

A It has a strong, rigid three-dimensional structure.

B It has four strong covalent bonds between each carbon atom.
C It has layers, which can slide over each other.
D It has no free electrons, so does not conduct electricity.
40 The structures of diamond and graphite are shown.

Which statement about diamond and graphite is correct?

A Diamond and graphite have low melting points.

B Diamond and graphite have mobile electrons.
C Diamond and graphite have layered structures.
D Diamond and graphite contain strong covalent bonds between carbon atoms.

41 Which row about the structures and uses of diamond and graphite is correct?
42 Which statement about the structure and properties of silicon(IV) oxide is not correct?

A It has a giant structure similar to that of diamond.

B It has a high melting point due to the strong attractive force between molecules.
C There are strong covalent bonds between silicon and oxygen.

D There are no free electrons, so silicon(IV) oxide does not conduct electricity.

43 Which statement about carbon is correct?

A Diamond and graphite both have simple molecular structures.

B Diamond and graphite are both used to make cutting tools.
C Each carbon atom in diamond is bonded to three other carbon atoms.
D Graphite conducts electricity and has a giant covalent structure.
44 The arrangement of particles in each of two solids, S and T, are shown.

What are S and T?

45 Some properties of diamond are shown.

 1 It is very hard.
2 Every atom forms four bonds.
3 It does not conduct electricity.

Which properties are also shown by silicon(IV) oxide?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 1 and 3 D 2 and 3

46 Statements 1, 2 and 3 are about diamond and graphite.

1 They are different solid forms of the same element.

2 They each conduct electricity.
3 They have atoms that form four equally strong

bonds. Which statements are correct?

A 1 only B 3 only C 1 and 3 D 2 and 3

47 The diagrams show the structures of three macromolecules P, Q and R.

48 Copper is a metallic element.

 Which statements about copper are correct?

1 Copper is malleable because layers of ions are in fixed positions and cannot move.
2 The structure of copper consists of negative ions in a lattice.
3 Copper conducts electricity because electrons can move through the metal.
4 Electrons hold copper ions together in a lattice by electrostatic attraction.

A 1 and 2 B 2, 3 and 4 C 2 and 3 only D 3 and 4 only

49 Which statement about metals is correct?

A Metals conduct electricity when molten because negative ions are free to move.
B Metals conduct electricity when solid because positive ions are free to move.
C Metals are malleable because the bonds between the atoms are weak.
D Metals are malleable because the layers of ions can slide over each other.

50 Which statement describes the structure of copper?

A It has a lattice of negative ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.

B It has a lattice of negative ions in a ‘sea of protons’.
C It has a lattice of positive ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.
D It has a lattice of positive ions in a ‘sea of protons’.
51 Two statements about metals are given.

1 Metals contain a lattice of negative ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.

2 The electrical conductivity of metals is related to the mobility of the electrons in the structure.

Which is correct?

A Both statements are correct and statement 1 explains statement 2.

B Both statements are correct but statement 1 does not explain statement 2.

C Statement 1 is correct and statement 2 is incorrect.

D Statement 2 is correct and statement 1 is incorrect.

52 Which statement explains why aluminium is malleable?

A Aluminium has layers of cations that can slide over one another.

B Aluminium has layers of electrons that can slide over one another.

C Aluminium has weak bonds between protons and a ‘sea of electrons’.

D Aluminium is covered with a layer of unreactive aluminium oxide.

53 Substances P and Q both conduct electricity.

 P is a mixture of two different types of atom.

Q is made of only one type of atom.

54 Which diagram shows the structure of an alloy?

Which description of brass is correct?

A alloy
B compound
C element
D non-metal

55 Which substance is a diatomic covalent compound?

A Cl 2 B HCl C H2O D
MgO

56 Which statement about an alloy is correct?

A It is a compound made of two or more elements, one of which is a metal.

B It is a layer of a metal plated onto another metal.
C It is a mixture of a metal with other elements.
D It is a single element.

57 Which row identifies an alloy, a pure metal and a non-metal?

58 Metals and ionic compounds have similarities and differences

Which row about metals and ionic compounds is correct?

59 Information about four substances E, F, G and H is shown.

E, F, G and H are graphite, poly(ethene), sodium chloride and silicon(IV) oxide but not in that
order.
What are E, F, G and H?

60 Copper wire is used to complete an electrical circuit.

copper wire

lamp
What happens in the copper wire?
 A Electrons move along the wire to the negative terminal. Positive ions stay in position.

B Electrons move along the wire to the positive terminal. Positive ions move to the
negative terminal.

C Electrons move along the wire to the positive terminal. Positive ions stay in position.

D Negative ions move along the wire to the positive terminal. Positive ions move to
the negative terminal.

61 A metal consists of a lattice of positive ions in a ‘sea of electrons’.

What happens to the electrons and positive ions in a metal wire when an electric current i s
passed through it?

62 Which substance has metallic bonding?

conducts electricity state of product

formed on reaction
when solid when liquid with oxygen

A ✓ ✓ solid
B ✓ ✓ gas
C ✗ ✓
no reaction
D ✗ ✗
solid

63 The properties of four substances are shown.

Which substance is a metal?
A It conducts electricity when dissolved in water
B It has a high melting point and conducts heat
C It has a low melting point and is brittle.
D It has a giant covalent structure with a high melting point

64 The diagram shows the structure of an alloy.

 Which statement about alloys is correct?

A Alloys can only be formed by mixing copper or iron with other metals.
B High carbon steel alloys are soft and easily shaped.
C In an alloy there is attraction between positive ions and delocalised electrons.
D The alloy brass has a chemical formula.

65 Which diagram best represents the structure of a solid metal?

A B

– – + – +– + –
+ + +
– – + – – + –+ – +
+ +
–
+ – +– + –

– +– +– – + –+ – +
+ +
+
+ – +– + –
– – +–
+
–

C D

– – – –
–
+ + + + – – – –
– – – – + + + + –
–
+ + + + +++ +–
– – – – – + + ++ –
+ + + + – – – –
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2019
UCLES

The Periodic Table of Elements

Group
I II III IV V VI VII VIII
1 2

H He
hydrogen helium
Key 1 4
3 4 atomic number 5 6 7 8 9 10

Li Be atomic symbol B C N O F Ne
lithium beryllium name boron carbon nitrogen oxygen fluorine neon
7 9 relative atomic mass 11 12 14 16 19 20
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

Na Mg Al Si P S Cl Ar
sodium magnesium aluminium silicon phosphorus sulfur chlorine argon
0971/11/M/J/19

23 24 27 28 31 32 35.5 40
19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36

16
K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br Kr
potassium calcium scandium titanium vanadium chromium manganese iron cobalt nickel copper zinc gallium germanium arsenic selenium bromine krypton
39 40 45 48 51 52 55 56 59 59 64 65 70 73 75 79 80 84
37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54

Rb Sr Y Zr Nb Mo Tc Ru Rh Pd Ag Cd In Sn Sb Te I Xe
rubidium strontium yttrium zirconium niobium molybdenum technetium ruthenium rhodium palladium silver cadmium indium tin antimony tellurium iodine xenon
85 88 89 91 93 96 – 101 103 106 108 112 115 119 122 128 127 131
55 56 57–71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86

Cs Ba lanthanoids
Hf Ta W Re Os Ir Pt Au Hg Tl Pb Bi Po At Rn
caesium barium hafnium tantalum tungsten rhenium osmium iridium platinum gold mercury thallium lead bismuth polonium astatine radon
133 137 178 181 184 186 190 192 195 197 201 204 207 209 – – –
87 88 89–103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 114 116

Fr Ra actinoids
Rf Db Sg Bh Hs Mt Ds Rg Cn Fl Lv
francium radium rutherfordium dubnium seaborgium bohrium hassium meitnerium darmstadtium roentgenium copernicium flerovium livermorium
– – – – – – – – – – – – –

57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71

lanthanoids La Ce Pr Nd Pm Sm Eu Gd Tb Dy Ho Er Tm Yb Lu
lanthanum cerium praseodymium neodymium promethium samarium europium gadolinium terbium dysprosium holmium erbium thulium ytterbium lutetium
139 140 141 144 – 150 152 157 159 163 165 167 169 173 175
89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103

actinoids Ac Th Pa U Np Pu Am Cm Bk Cf Es Fm Md No Lr
actinium thorium protactinium uranium neptunium plutonium americium curium berkelium californium einsteinium fermium mendelevium nobelium lawrencium
– 232 231 238 – – – – – – – – – – –

The volume of one mole of any gas is 24 dm3 at room temperature and pressure (r.t.p.).