WRITING THE

CONCLUSION Conclusions
resemble a kind of
mirror image of
Knowing how to end a paper can be introductions
tough. You don’t want to start a
new topic, nor do you want to Restate
rehash everything you’ve just said. Thesis
While it is common to have a small
summary of your main ideas or Summarize
findings at the end of your paper, important
there are other strategies you can arguments
use to make your conclusion
stronger and leave your reader with
a lasting impression. Memorable Closer

WHAT DO YOU WRITE IN WHAT DOES YOUR

A CONCLUSION? CONCLUSION DO?

Summarize your main ideas Draws your most important ideas

(without adding new support for together and provides closure.
your thesis).
Presents a more complex or
Make recommendations or developed view of your thesis.
predictions based on your research
or analysis. Shows why your ideas are
significant or important.
Show the importance of your ideas
or findings by connecting them to a Leaves your reader with something
larger theme, issue, or context. to think about.

Discuss the implications of your

ideas.

Describe the limitations of your

research and indicate an area(s) for E [email protected]
future development. W www.cbu.ca/writing-centre
@CBUwriting
T 902.563.1325
SAMPLE CONCLUSIONS
Recommendation: But the film takes great pains wage and benefits so that
to qualify that dream—to their children are able to
Treating academic distinguish it from East rejuvenate the American
integrity as a constellation of German Communist practice, dream. The real threat is not
skills, taught largely through and crucially, to insist that we that immigrants will fail to buy
the long apprenticeship of recognize that it is only a into what’s essential to
higher education, is the most dream and not the real thing. American identity, but that we
promising approach for That is why Lara tells Kathrin will fall short in providing
getting students to follow the the truth. In the spiraling them the tools to do so.
rules of academic citation, success story of a newly Source: Jimenez, Tomas R.
and the one with the least reunited Germany, Wolfgang “The Next Americans.” Ed.
likelihood of providing a Becker has made a film that Gary Goshgarian. Readings
shortcut. That means reminds us that the stories we for Today. New York: Pearson,
teaching students what tell others fill psychic needs 2008. 355-59. Print.
academic integrity involves, not just for others but for
why professors value it, and ourselves, and that we need to Summary, quotation, and
how exactly to carry it out.” be reminded that all stories, recommendation:
Source: Blum, Susan D. however necessary, in one
“Academic Integrity and way or another are false. Employees’ right to
Student Plagiarism: a Source: Rossenwasser, David privacy and autonomy in the
Question of Education, Not and Jill Stephen. Writing workplace, however, remains
Ethics. The Chronicle of Analytically with Readings. a murky area of the law.
Higher Education. The United States: Thompson/ Although evaluating where to
Chronicle of Higher Education, Wadsworth, 2008. Print. draw the line between
20 Feb. 2009. Web. 13 Jan. employee rights and employer
2011. Recommendation and powers is often a duty that
importance of findings: falls to the judicial system, the
Importance of ideas and courts have shown little
connection to larger themes: If we are going to take willingness to intrude on
on the formidable challenge employers’ exercise of control
In the end, it seems, of further integrating 12 over their computer networks.
Good Bye Lenin! wants to million mostly poor Federal law provides few
value the dream, the utopia of immigrants, we have to guidelines related to online
ideal socialism, especially provide better public schools, monitoring of employees, and
because with the advent of a more affordable college only Connecticut and
Western capitalism into East education, healthcare, and Delaware require companies
Germany, one source of that jobs that offer a decent
dream has been desiccated.
SAMPLE CONCLUSIONS
to disclose this type of species directly and scope for 10-minute
surveillance to employees intentionally interact. segments can be very
(Tam et al.). “It is unlikely that Surprisingly, the data do seem aggravating. It would also be
we will see a legally to show that activities do not advantageous to get closer to
guaranteed zone of privacy in begin until mid-morning. the birds being observed.
the American workplace,” When we arrived, about 8 Finally, the study time is
predicts Kesan (293). This a.m., a large percentage of the possibly too long. It should be
reality leaves employees and birds were still sleeping. Once possible to observe more
employers to sort the the birds awaken, it appears specimens and get a better
potential risks and benefits of as though they ritually preen sampling in half the time.
technology in contract themselves before feeding. Source: Sample Field Report.
agreements and terms of With the exception of The Writer’s Harbrace
employment. With continuing human-induced movements, it Handbook. 1st Canadian ed.
advancements in technology, appeared that there were no United States: Thompson/
protecting both employers significant interactions Nelson, 2007. Print.
and employees will require between any of the species.
greater awareness of these As may have been expected,
programs, better disclosure to the Buffleheads also appeared Tip: Treat your conclusion as a
employees, and a more public to be courting at times. The final chance to pitch your case
discussion about what types data above also show that the to your reader. Assume, for
of protections are necessary majority of the birds that were example, that your reader
to guard individual freedoms paired or followed by the other hasn’t been especially
in the wired workplace. sex were Buffleheads. attentive and you have an
Source: Sample MLA paper. A opportunity to restate the most
Canadian Writer’s Reference. Adjustments for Future important part of your case in
4th ed. Boston: Bedford/St. Research a few words at the end.
Martin’s, 2009. Print.
In order to refine this
Summary, limitations, areas study, it would be
for further research, and advantageous to develop a
recommendations: better, easier method to follow
each individual bird. I found
As the data above that it was very difficult to
show, there is no evidence follow a diving duck for
that these species practise prolonged periods of time.
any variation in diving time or Also, looking through a
frequency of dives, or that any monocular spotting