Lexis I: Synonyms

1C A bore (n) A person who makes others bored.

Checklist : Boring (boredom); dull; tedious (tedlum); dry;

inspid; uninteresting; uninspiring; nondesaript; underwhelming,

ordinary, run - of -the -mill, mind-numbing.

2A. Concurrently (adv) = simultaneously; at the same time.

Compare: Consecutively, successively

Checklist: serial, serles, sequental, sequence, prequel,

sequel.

3D. Compare: Sync, synchronous, synergy, acoord, concord,

discordant, discord, unison, unanimous, harmony, similarity,

similitude.

4B. Related Nouns: Insolvency, bankruptcy

NOTE:

1, Insoluble =Intractable, insolvable (AmE), insurmountable

2. Affluent Rich, wealthy, opulent

3. Indigent=Poor, impecunlous, penniless, poverty -stricken,

penurious; destitute.

SD. Related Noun: Stare = A long steady/fbed look at sb/sth.

Checklist: Stare, gaze, peer, 9lare, glance, scan, peruse

68. Aversion (n) = dislike, distaste, hatred, repulsion

repugnance, disgust, abhorrence, loathing

Related Adjectye = Averse (to)

NOTE:

1. Bterness Acrimony, malice

2. Citism = Vilfiation (compare: Invelgh)

3. Indignation = fury, ange, wrath, ire (Compare:ik, iriksome)

4. Preference favourite.

Checkist: Recpulsive, repugnant, disgustng, appaling, shoding.

) horifying, horible, horrendous, horriic, offensive, unpleasant

nauseating, nauseous, foul, odious, obnodous, vile, noisome,

noxious. (Compare:Terrible and Terrific)

7. C. Penury = state of being poor. poverty (see )

) Checklist: Riches, wealth, affluence, opulence, loury,

Impoverished, moneyod, propertied, đisavartaged, đeprved

necdy, hard up.

NOTE:

1. Avarlce(n); avaricious (adj)

t 2. "Avariciousness" does not edst

3. Avaricdous = grecdy, grasping, glutonous, ovetous

4. Penny - Pinching Mean, miserty, niggardy.

8. E. Prodigal (adj) = Extravagant, Wasteful [Compare: Squander(v)

Checklist: Frugal, economical, thifty, spendthrin.

NOTE:

1, Prestigious = Respedtable, Honourable

2. Phlegmatic = calm, ool-headed (ompare leveheaded)

3. Errant = deviant, unfaithful, disoyal

4. Pecuniary = Related to money; monetaryY; financial

9. B. Antonyms = Harmful, inimial, dangerous, hazardous, todc

poisonaus, noious, lethal, injurious, uwholesome, detrimental

Checklist: Conspiauous, obvious, glaring, plain, blatant,

oblivion, oblivious, obscure, potential.

10. B. Colossal (ad) =Ttanic, giganti, gargartuan, huge, mandth,

monstrous, immense.

Antonyms= Lilliputan, dwarfish, iminutive

Checklist = Titan, colossus, pygmy (also pigmy), petite.

11B. Jaundiced (adj) = Prejudiced, biased, partial, unfair,

discriminatory, (but not discriminating)

Antonyms: Dispassionate, impartial, disinterested, unbiased

Checklist = Unscrupulous, scruple, scrupulous, marbles

12A. Point- blank (adv)= bluntly, frankly, candidly, forthright

138. Compare: Reappraise, reassess

14A. Check: Sandwich (v) [usually in the passive]

15E. Checklist: unseemly, impolite, rude, indecorous, impertinent

uncivil, indecent, effrontery, temerity, audacity.

16E. Checklist: Jealous, jealousy, envious, envy, enviable, covet,

covetous, Covetousness [Enviness does not exist]

17C. To be officious İs to be overzealous/eager to give orders in

a way that offends. [Compare: Fastidious, Perfectionist, imperious]

Checklists: 1. Efficient, efficacy, efficacious, proficient, effective, potent, potency.

2. Showy, ostentatious.

18E. Option (D) is tempting but the context nullifies

Checklist: Remorse, sobriety, penance.

19A. Checklist: memento, Memoir, memorabilia, memorial,

Reminisce, reminiscent, reminiscence, reminder, redolent,

Nostalgia, nostalgic.

20C. See Q11

NOTE: 1. bleak/bright future

2. Hary = undear, doudy, turbid, nebulous, vague

foggy, bleak, misty.

21E. See Q12 and compare: pointedly

22D. Manifested = Demonstrated, exhibited, shown, refected

Highlghted = Emphasized, (also manifested or made dear)

23E. Wholesome (adi) = Health - giving, healthy, healthful

Palatable (ad) = Tasty, delicious, pleasant

(opp: Tasteless, Insipid, offensive)

Compare: Tasty and tasteful

24C. Tranquil = Peaceful, serene

Related Nouns: Tranquility, peace, serenity.

Compare: Chaos, uproar, commotion, hullabaloo, hurly-burly, pandemonium, bedlam, stampede, melee, din, .

25A. Alternative Spelling = Phantasy.

Fantasy Dream, imagination

Compare: Illusion; figment of one's imagination; fiction

reverie, surreal, realistic, phantasmagoria, reality, phantom

26D. Compare: Intelligent, wise, sage, sagacious, shrewd, astute

NOTE:

i. Disingenuous is not the opposite of ingenious.

ii. Disingenuous insincere

iii. Compare: Pertinent and impertinent

iv. Compare: Valuable and invaluable

v. Compare: Flammable and inflammable.

27E. Instantaneous (adj) = Immediate, instant

Moment (n) = a very short period of time

Momentary (adj) = brief [momentarily (adv) briefly]

Momentous (adj) = historic.

28A. Likeness (n)= similarity, resemblance.

Liking (n) = fondness, love, affection, affinity,

Predilection, preference (God has a strong liking for man

creating him in His likeness]

Checklist = Dead ringer, similitude, identical.

29E. Opp = successful, fruitful

Check: wild goose chase; abortive

30C. Etymology: Waterloo is the historical city where

Napoleon Bonaparte was finally 'defeated'

Historical/Mythological Words: Herculean, Sisyphean,

Trojan Spartan, Rubicon, Pyrhic, Stoic, Armada, Titan,

Colossus.
31D. Futile (adj) vain, fruitless, useless, (Noun: Futility)

Also: Vain (adj) = conceited, proud, arrogant,

Vainglorious, pompous, pretentious

32E. Incessanty(adv) = continuously, ceaselessly, endlessly,

unendingly. [Compare: Everlasting, etermal, interminable,

conaurrent, recurrent, intermittent, sporadic, episodic]

33B. Marvelous = Excellent, good

34C. Maintain = keep, retain, sustain

35E. Lecure = talk, formal disussion, conversation

36D. Hindrance (n) = obstacle, barrier, impediment

Checkdist: Hinder, hamper, impede, barricade

37C. Or more accuratejy. Ajar = sightly open.[ Or half dose]

38A. Predorminantiy = Mainly, primarily, chiefly

398. Laissez - faire (adj) = carefree, frivolous, lackadaisical,

nonchaant.

40D. Unmitigated (ad) = unqualified, complete, absolute, total,

plenary, Check: Mitigate(v)

418. Animated (adj) = lively, excting, bustling

Compare Frenzy, vivadous, ebulient

42C. Niggardly (adi) = Miserty, mean, stingy, cdose, tight-fisted

Compare: Generous, lavish, liberal, magnanimous

438. Decine (v) =Wane, decrease

Compare: Wax, inat e, snowbal, ebb, subside, słyrocket,

nosedive, plummet, peter out.

44A Snowball not snow-baled (see QA3)

458. Figurative use of "buy

46D: Hesitant(adj) Reluctant, tardy, haiting, tentative.

. 47C. Unimportant (adi) = Trivial, insignificant, inconsequential,

worthless (Noun: trivia; Compare: Gravitas)

48D. See Q30

Ched: Tadng (tasking does not exist); tedious; uphill.

49D. To administer is to give sb a task to do.

50A. Ostensibly (adv)= Apparenty, seemingly

Checdist; Affected, affectation

Compare: Ostensible and ostentatious (or obtrusive)

51A To have the right to have something

52D. Miniaturize (v) = To make smaller

Abridge(v)= To make shorter (espedaly a book)

53B. OPP: Active (volano)

SAB. Sonorous = pleasant to listen to, melodious, melodic, mellow,

mellifluoUs, euphonious

SSD. Stealthily (adv) = quietly, secretly

Related Adj and Noun = Stealthy, stealth.

S68. Infuriate (v) = annoy, anger, enrage, Irk. exasperate

S7B. Checklist: Audadty, fearless, courageous, gallant, intbepid,

brave, effrontery, temerity, gumption. trepldation

SED. Seldom (adv) = hardly ever, rarely, not often.

NOTE:

1. Sedom is an adverb and it omes before a verb it modifies

I seldom vişit grandpa these days.

2. If you erroneously take seldom for an adjetive, yau a'

arrlve at an adverb "seldomly (which does not exit)

"I seldomly visit grandpa these days (wrong)

3. The following words do not exist:

Insultlve (but say insulting), sponsorer (but say sponsor)

sufferness (it is suffering), Seldomly (seldom),handwork

(handiwork), pickpocketer (plckpocket), masterminder

(but say mastermínd) etc.

59D, Miscellaneous (adj) = Assorted, various, diverse

Related Nouns : Miscellany, assortment, variety, diversty.

Compare: Mclange, plenitude, plethra

60D. Fundamcntal (ad) =Basic, elementary, primary, prime,

clemental, chlef.

61B. Related Noun: Affectation,

Checklist: Affected, pretend, pretext, pretence (AmE.pretene),

pretension, prctentious

62D,. Related Noun = Reiteration

63C. Strings (n) = conditions, restrlctions, rules

NOTE: To have this meaning, the ending -s should not be

left out (.e strings not string)

64C. Concerted (adj) joint, consolidated

Checklist: in concert with, all hands on deck, in unison

65D. See Q43

66B. This is old (Shakespearean) English

678. Crestfallen (adj) = dejected, sad, melancholic, despondent,

68D. Nucdeus(n) = Core, centre; most important part, centerpiece.

69C. Superfluous (adj) = expensive, sumptuous, de kce, luxurious.

70C. Indomitable (ad}) = unconquerable, unbeatable, invincible,

impregnatble

NOTE:

1, Compare: invincible and invisible

2. Incorrigible = Incurable (especially of bad habit)

Compare: Incorruptible

3. Unruly = disorderly, uncontrollable

71D. Restive = Restless, fidgety, jittery

Checklist: fidget (v), jitters (n)

NOTE: Some people take restive (from rest") for the opposite

of restless (also from "rest"). But NO, they are synonymous

72C. Underscore (v) = emphasize, underline, highlight

73A, Invaluable (adj)= Extremely valuable, priceless (too vatuable

to have a price tag), inestimable (from estmate), immeasurable

(from measure), incalculable (from calculate)

74B. Potential (adj) = latent, hidden, possible. (Compare: patent)

75D. Aberrant (adj) = Abnormal, anomalous, unusual, uncanny,

strange, veird, bizarre, eerie

Related Noun: Aberration = Anomaly

76D. Arraign (v) = To oficialy bring" the accused before a judge.

77C. Candidy (adv) = Frankly, point-blank (see Q12)

Checklist: Candid-candour; splendid-splendour; squalid-

squalour; ardent-ardour.

78A. Fortify = enrich, embellish, strengthen, lace

Compare: fortress, bulwark.

79. Unsavoury (adj) = unpleasant, unpalatable, distasteful,

Checklist: savour, savoury, relish

800. Compare: foretaste, prototype, harbinger

81C. See Q11 82D. See Q18

83B. See Q57 848. See Q22

85B. A state of anxiety, danger, difficulty or confusion.

86B. Astounding (adį) amazing, surprising, astonishing, baffling,

wondrous. Checklist: Astound, amaze, astonish, surprise,

bafle, confound, flabbergasted, taken aback

87B. Alienation (n) = Isolation (from a group), ostracism

Checklist: Alien, alienate, alienable, inalienable, estranged,

ostradze, shun, forelgn, xenophobia, Incommunicado

88D. Copious (adj) = many, numerous, abundant

Checklist: Cogent, convincing

89A. Checklist: Imitation, mimetic, mimicry

90c. "lean and "thin" are literally related, avold them In thls context

(Poor" and "harvest" collocate adequately here)

91D. Opp: Extravagant, exaggerated.

Checklist; Humlity, modesty, meek, meekness, provoative.

92A. Disregard (v) = Ignore, shun [Compare: excommunicate]

Vou disobey (3) a law/an order/a cormmand but not a plece

of advice.

A Pledge(v) = Vow, Swear, promise (Compare: undertake)

Compare: avow, avowal, aver, affim,

o4, Revere(v) = respect, ldollze

Checklist= Reverence, reverend, reverent, (respectful)

reverential (respectable), deference, deferential, homage.

95C. To be credulous is to believe just anything, hence easily

deceived. OChecklist: Credulous, credulity, Incredulous, credible,

aredibility, inredibility, gullbility.

NOTE:

1, A credible person is trustworthy and can be belleved

2. An incredible story/account but an incredulous person

3. Both credulous and incredulous are disapproving.

96C. Compare: Plebs, nobody, commoner, small fry, hol pollol,

masses, nonentity, somebody, VIP

NOTE:

1. Vagabond (n)= Wanderer, vagrant, (Compare: Nomad)

2. Compare: upstart and rookle/greenhorn

97C. See Q95

98A. Compare: Reareation, hobby, and pastime

99D. Unorthodox (adj) = unconventional, heterodox, unacceptable:

100B. But it is a pedant not 'a pedantist. The latter does not

exist.

NOTE:

1. Puritan (n) = a hater of pleasure, a moralist.

Compare: Spartan, hedonist, epicurean.

2 A pedant pays too much attention to rules and details.

Lexis I: Synonyms Exercise II

SOLUTION Exercise II: LEXIS I: SYNONYMS

1D. Compare: Intrepid

2C. Finesse (n) = tact, diplomac.

Checklist -Tactful, diplomatic, sensitivity, sensitive.

3B. The adverb "presently" is "futuristic" In meanlng hehce avold

taking it to mean "now"

48. Compare: Stereotyplcal, idlosynaratc, centically, Intrinstcally,

extrinsically.

SC. Chagrin a feeling of disappointment or annoyance

6C. Momentous (adj) = important, historic

7A, Classified adverts are meant for a select few

Check: Cassifeds.

88, Checklist: Curative, analgesic, sedative, hypnotic, narcotic,

purgative, laxative, expectorant, anti depressant, antidote,

anticoagulant, emetic, hallucinogenic, carcinogenic.

9C. Moot(v) = Propose, suggest, adduce, put forward

108. "Penetating editorials" means that the "local paper" has deep

understanding of the "local politics"

NOTE: In some other context: Indsive = decisive.

11C. Inure(V) = To get used to sth; accustomed

12C. Venal (adj) = corupt, unscrupulous

13C. Evil and dishonest

14C Aggravate (v) = intensify, increase, worsen, exacerbate

OPP = Relieve, abate, reduced, improved, subside

NOTE: 1. Magnify (v) = enlərge, increase

(Compare: dininish)

2. Impede (v) = hinder, hamper.

3. Compare: Magnify(0bject) and amplify(Sound)

15D. Evasive (adj)= Equívocal, ambiguous, cagey, (Compare:

ambivalent) OPP: Definite (but not definitive)

NOTE:

1. "Evasive answers" are deliberately phrased to have more

than one meaning and particularly to "evade" the real

or definite answers.

2. Related Verb: Evade = dodge, avoid, escape from,

Compare: Bude, elusive, equivocate, ineluctable, prevaricate.

3. Related Nouns: Evasion, ambiguity, elusiveness.

168. See also: Enchant ()/Delight (v): enchanted (adi))delighted (ad)

17B. Ecdetic (adj) = broad, broad-based, wide, choosing froma

wide variety, catholic. [Related Noun:Edecticism]

Opp: Limited, restricted, narrow, parochial

[Check: Panoramic]

18D. You have a "brain wave" when you suddenly think abOut a

new idea. [Check: Eureka (exclamation)]

19D. Gait (0) = The way one moves, carriage, bearing.

Nigerian Engish: She had a good steppings (wrong)

Qualifying gait: Rolling gait, feline gait, femninine gait etc.

Check: Limp (n/v)

20A. Checklist: Deny, renounce, denounce, disinherit, disclaim,

disavow

21B. Compare: Blood "o0zed" out of the wound. [Check: Exude(v)l

22A. Obstruct (v)= hinder hamper, Impede (compare: circumvent

the law)

23D. Compare: Equitable (adj), equlty (n)

248. Incentive (n) =Encouragement, boost [Compare: Goad (v)])

25A. Related Verb: Dote (not dot)

26D. Check: Pragmatic

27B, "Qualifications" encompasses "papers" and the identity

/qualities /training/experience written therein.

(Check: Paper qualification).

28D. Collocations: Restless person, tense atmosphere/person

29D. Dexterity (n) = skill, adroltness.

Check: ineptitude, maladroit, inept, in expert, dumpy.

Related Adjectives: Dextrous, adept, adroit, skilful (not

skillful) Compare: Ambidexterity/ambidextrous.

30A. Grcumvent(v) = To avoid a difficult situation or a log jam etc.

Compare: Bypass(n), ring road, outer belt (AmE)

31D. Fatal (adj) = Deadly, lethal, resulting in death,

CHAPTER4

LEXIS II: ANTONYMS

EXERCISE I: SOLUTION- Lexis I: Antonym

1A. "Harsh" encompasses options (A),(C), (D) and (E)

2E, Lightý (adv) Non-chalanty, lackadaisically.

NOTE:

1, Humorously = Jokirngly, joculary, funnily (see: Jocose)

2. Gloomily = Sadly, sorrowfuly, melancholicaly

3. Carefully = meticulously 4. Tediousty = Boringly

Checkllst: Levity, non-chalance, flippant, facetious, frivokous,

carefree, sobriety, leizz-faire

3C. Bleak (ad;) = uncertain, hopeless [Bleak/bright future]

Sturdy (adj) = physically, strong, robust, firm, determined.

Compare: Stout, durnpy, stocky

4C. See dhapter 3 Q7, Exercise1

5A. A spender (B) does not necessarily spend a lot of money

unless otherwise revealed by an adjective e.g" a big spender

Check: Squanderer (n)

Compare : Miserly, niggardly, thrifty, stingy, mean frugal,

prodigal, spendthrift, extravagant.

6D. Solid (adj) = strong (Opp: weak) (Compare; Shaky)

NOTE:

1. Sordid (adj) = a. Immoral, dishonest, unsorupulous

b. Squalid (check: squalor)

2. Uneventful = contalning few or no events

7B. Cunning (ad}) = Crafty, tricky, wily, sly

Checklist: Honest, scruple, scrupulous, underhand, even

handed, unscrupulous.

8C. Ideal (adj) = suitable, good, best

9D. Ineffectual = Not producing the deslred results or effect,

hence, it is "unsatisfactory

18A. Related Noun: Austerity

Austerity = A state of bad economic condition when peopte

have little money Austere (adj)

1. As in austerity 2. Simple, plain, not decorated

3. Strict, sten, serious (ompare: bland, insipid, nondesrp

dull, severe, embellish)

Compare: Hedonistic, Spartan, eplcurean, luxurious,

surmptúous, philistine, puritanical, ascetic, plebelan

11D. Generous (adj) = iberal, lavish, magnanlmous, altrulstic,

kind, helpful, benevolent, beneficent.

Mean (ad})= stingy, niggardly, miserly

12E. Related Noun: Taciturrlty

Compare: Tacit, garrulous, talkativè, loquacious

13C. Altrulsm (n) Benevolence, Sellessness, kindness,

magnanimity, generosity.

Compare: Philanthropy

Selfishness = malevolence, self-centered.

14£. Uphold (v) Sustain, maintaln, retain, preserve

Reverse = Revoke, overrule, overrlde

Abolish = Abrogate, repeal, tevoke

NOTE: You dont "abolisha "decislon" but you can abolish

a law, a decree, an authority etc

Compare: Command and countermand.

15A. "Evasive" answers could also be deliberately ambiguoUs or

equivocal (Compare: cagey) See: Evade, elude, elusive

16C. Imminent (adj) = Near (in time but not in space)

* We shall reach Ibadan soon; It Is imminent(wrong)

* He studies hard these days; his exam is imminent (right)

Compare: Impending

NOTE: 1. Near (in space) close, proximal

2. Remote (in space/ime) far, distant, distal,

(Compare: Timbuktu)

3. Eminent = Important, famous, illustrious,

distinguished, outstanding

4. Immanent = Omnipresent, ubiquitous

5. Threatening = Menacng

(Compare: frightening, precaríous)

17D. Indifferent (adj) = Unconcerned, disinterested, impassive,

emotionless, passionless.

Related Nouns = Indifference, pncern, Interest, passion,

enthusiasm, zeal, zest, gustó.

Compare: Dispassionaté and impassioned.

18B. Related Adjective: severe = mild

Severe (adj):

1. Very bad or serious; severe weather, severe injury

2. Harsh or extreme: severe punishment.

3. Not kind, sympathetic or compassionate; stem

4. Extremely difficult

5. Austere, plain, simple

Compare: Severe (adj) and sever (v); severity (n) and

severance (n)

19E. Deter (v) = Prevent, disallow, limit, restit, constrain, restrain,

discourage, hamper, hinder. [Related Noun; Deterent (-r-)]

NOTE: 1. Defer (v) = Postpone (opp: Prepone)

2. Impel (V) = Compel, force, coerce, (compare: impale)

20A. Entitle (v) = To give right to, qualify [Compare: Eligible,

suitable]

21B. Compare: magnify, amplify, miniaturize, minuscule, diminished

22A. Compare: Rigid, stubborn, recalcitrant, resillent, wilful,

headstrong, unyielding.

23B. Compare: Transient, constant, fixed, eternal, incessant,

endless, impermanent.

24A. Coarse = Rough; smooth= fine

25D. Compare: Partlipant, competitor, spectate, spectacle

spectacles, spectacular.
268. Decine (v) = turn down, reject

27A. uable (adj) = answerable, responsible, accountable

Compare: Liable, Vulnerable, prone, suscepible.

28D. Sooth (v) = calm, relieve, ameliorate, lessen, comfort, placate

Compare: Worsen, aggravate, exacerbate, attenuate,

mitigate, extenuating (adj), alienate.

NOTE: The verb is soothe not sooth.

Z98. Shadov, in fad, ariscs from the obstruction of "rays of ight.

Compare: Silhouette

Figuratively, substance Is antonym of shadow.

30D. Courageous (ad) = feartess, brave, galant, intrepid, audacious.

danng, undaunted, dauntiess, feisty

Checklist: Timid, shy, ily-Ivered, cowardly, pusillanimous, trepldation, faint-hearted, daredevil (adi), valiant, valour.

31A. Contend (v) = Confront, challenge, combat

32B. Also: Population eplosion - sudden ingease in poputation,

Checklist: sharp, sudden, meteoric, gradual

33A. See Q5 34D. See Q6

35B. Determnined (adj) = undaunted, resolute, eftective, felsty.

36D. NOTE: This word is turnout (written together) not tum-out

(Compare: output and input)

37A, Reluctantly (adv) = hesitanty, unwilingy, halingly

Eagerly keenly, enthusiasticaly, zeakousty

38B. Expert (ad|) = professional, competert, siáled, adept, adrot

Amateurish (ad)) = aateur (adi), inepert, unprofessional,

unskilled,

39D.. Densely (adv) = thicksy, heavity. Sparsely = scantly, thinly

Check: Populatlon desity

40B. Mindless (ad)) = ue, heartless, senseless, thoughtess,

unfeeling, inconsiderate, callous, hardened.

Mindful thoughtful, consikderate.

41A: Vandalize (v) Damage, destroy (compare; Vandal).

Repair (v)= Mend

Compare: Amend, redtify, corredđ, remedy.

Checklist: Amends, amendmert, amend, corredion,

correctness, irreparable.

42A. Angry (adj) = strong, storny, tempestuous, fierce, violert,

feroious.

Gentle = alm, not stong

Compare: angry, məd, indignant, aross, vid, incersed,

irate, furous, enraged.

NOTE:

1,A person could be unruffled but nota wave.

2. Unruffied (adj) = unperturbed, unfazed.

43B. Agitated (adj) = Nervous, andous, unsetted, wonied,

pertúrbed, unnerved, upset, febrile [compare: ufie (V)

Compare: Jitery, jitters, fidget, fidgety, coo-headed, level

headed,

44B. Obstades (n) = hurdles, hirdrances, bariers, impediments

• Advantage (n) = opportunity, chance

45D. Sob(v) = To y noisly, weep = to ay quiety, to whimpe

"Sob° is to "laugh as weep" is tD smie.

46A. Ignoble (adi) = Dshonourable, ignominious, isgraceful

shamefui, brazen, base, humiliating.

Compare: Infay, ignomiry

Honourable : Noble, respectable, reputable.

Checklist Presigious, halowed

478. Convalesce (v) = Reauperate, recover (from iMness)

Compare: Relapse

48D. Boundless = uAlimited, limitess, inexhaustble

Limited = Sarce, Scanty

49A. Decry (V) = aitdize, condemn, iveigh, vlify

Extol =Pralse, exat, commend, applaud, laud, eulogise

50A. See 030

51C Impercepbible (adj) = negigible, insignificant, undetectable

52D. Antipathy (n) = Hostility

Receptiveness = Receptivity, responsiveness, acaeptance

Cheddist: Anbipathetic, apaty, apathetic, hosble,amenable

53B. Conscientious (adj) = careful

Carefree = areless (ompare: Leiz - faire)

Checklist: Conscientious objecto, draft dodger, paaifist

deserter.

54D. Related Noun: Prasperity= Sucoess, breakthrough

Unscrupulous dishonest

55A. Relaxed (adi) = casual (compare ; light)

56. See Q2

57A. See Q1

S88. Infurate (v) = annoy, irk, irtate, enrage, incence,displease

59A. Mundane (ad)) Lowty, ondinary, dul, insipid, menial,baring

Opp: Great, extraordınary, outstanding

60B. Unique (ad)) = unusual, strange. (Unusual: Common)

618. Identification (n) = Asociation, friendship, acquitanc,

relaionship, doseness, Inimacy [Dissociation: Detachrnent)

62A, Gloomy (adj) hopcless, depressed.

63D. Improve (v) To get beter

Worsen (v)=aggavate, get worse, degenerate, eacertate.

64D. Suetch (v) = epand, broaden, wkden

Restrit () narow, limit

65C. Identtcal (ad) = alike, smilar

Compare: similitude, lookalike, dead ringer.

66B. Alleviate (v) Relleve, lower, mitigate. (See Q63)

678. Eplicit (adj) – Definte, straight forwară, unequvocal,

unamblguous. (Compare: Inıplidt]

68C. Amateur (ad) Not taling westing as a job but asa pastime,

698. Snowbal (v) e ise, grow, Increase, skyrodet.

Compare: Davetal, wax, wane, ebb.

70C. Discord (n) Disharmony, đvislon, misunderstanding,

altercation.

Harmony (n) = uniy, undestandng, agreerient, concord,

acoord, oohesion.

71A. Gamulous (ad)) loquacious, talkatve.

Reticent (ad) Tacum [Compare: Tadt]

2B, Ethereal (ad)= Btraterrestrial, other wordly

Compare: Celestial [Compare: Earthily and Earthy]

738. Mortality (n) The fat of not being aive forever.

Berniy (n) The state of being alive forever

Related adj = Brernal, mortal [Compare: Natal, natality,

fatal, fatality]

74C. Chedc To ross the Rubicon.

75A. Compare: Inconsistency. [See: lacuna]

76A. Cheddist: InfaTY, notoriety, Ignomiry, disrepute.

TID. Humorous (ad) = Hiarious, funny, jocular, comic

Grave (ad) = serious, sober

Compare Amorous, romantic, amatory, platonic, saladous

78C Ivaluable (adj)=btremely valuable, priceless, wortwhile

798. Obfuscate (v)=Confuse, complicate (Compare: ompoun

()] Carify ()= Demystify, Simplify

80D. See Q63

81C.Chedist Aooord, sordart, conau, onsonance, aoquiesce,

unison, unanimous

82B. To develop points is to introduce detais into the points.

83C Eisting onnotes noW whileprospective onnotes

fubure

84C Reession (n) = depression

Recovery (n) = rebith, rejuvenation, reawakening, revival.

85A Spurious (adi) = pedious, false, misleading, not genuine.

86B. Fabby (ad) = soft, weak, facod, not firm [See: Turgid]

87C. Intansigent (ad) = stubborn, obdurate, obstinate,

unyielding, uncomprormising, rigid, recalcitrant, adamant

88C Disinterested (ad)= dspassionate, unbiased, impartial, neutral

89B. Esoteric (ad) = strange, unknown. weird, biarre, eere,

insauable.

90A Muate (v)= Morph, transfom, transmute, change

91D. Ingesisto importor imIigration as egress is to eport

or emigration.

92D. Intiate (v)= start, begin, commence

Terminate (v)= end, finish, stop

Boost (v)= enhance, ingease

93A Umwittingly (adv) = unintentionally, unkowingly

Cunning (o) requiresa deliberate effort.

94B. Solidarity (n) nity, support, cooperatlon

958. Wieding (v) = show, display, ethibt, brandish, command,

ontrol

96C. Aleglance (n) = loyalty, fidelity

97D. Fastidious (ad) = ar, metiaukous, mindful of details etc

98C. Conoerted (ad) - joint, combined.

NOTE: There is disparity (from disparate) or differences In

their approadh to solvng the problem.

99C. Obsolete (ad) = outdated, okd- fashioned, old

Cheddist: in vogue, out of fashion, antlquated

100B. Indinations (n) = ikes, leanings, tendendes, propensities,

instint, preferences, dispositions, Impulses, predilection,

gavings, procivity, predisposition, bent (n).

Exercise II: LEXIS 1: ANTONYM -

SOLUTION: EXERCISE II: LEXIS I; AÄTONYMS

1A Laugish (v) = suffer LuDauriate (v) lounge

Compare: Wallow, revel

2C. Prototype(n)= original (from which coples are made)

3C. Painstaking (adj) = thorough, complete, detailed

4D. Equanimity (n) =alm, serenty, state of not being perturbed.

SA, Passionate (adj) = kind: dynamic (ad) = active, ebullient,

68. Ravaged (v) = damaged, ruined, spoilt, devasated, destroyed.

7C Lethal deady, fatal, harmful

8D Pacify (v)= Pacate, appease, asuage, ondlate, sodthe

Anoy = infuriate, anger (), ik, make angry, easperate.

Cheddist: Basperating, insome, infuriating, annoyíng.

9B. Pragmatic (ad) = Practial, feasibe

10A Beggary (n) =Poverty, penury. [Compare: Amuence, opulence]

118. Authentiate () = Verify, confim. affim, substantiate

Compare: Validate, verifiable, veradty.

128. "Progressive are amenable to changes whíle conservatives

are not [Compare: Radial]

13D. Condone (v) acept [Compare: Forbid, disallow, disprove]

Cheddist:onnive, compiat, complicty, complacent,collusion

14C. Perpetuate () =ontinue (See: Perpetual]

15C. See exerise1093

16A. Shrewd (ad)= dever, astute, sagadous.

17C. Equtable (ad)=fair, even [Compare: Egalitarian, equity]

18C. Exorize(v) = expel, drive out (Compare: In fling)

19A. Mumble (v)= whisper, murmur (See: Shout, ululate,scream)

20C Corvergence (n) Agreement, concordance, ompatbility

Compare: hompatble, divergene, disparity, disaepancy.

21A. Abate (v) = ubside, ameliorate, extenuate, lessen.

Compare: Intensify, aggravate, worsen, relieve.

22C Redress (v) = oredt, remedy

3B. Severity = harshness, feroity, savagery.

24A, ProvOcative (ad)) = immodest, revealing.(See: Amorous]

25B. Callous (adj) = wiked, ruel

Compare: Compassionate, kind, caring, doting.

26C. Indomitable (adj) ivincible, unconquerable.

27D. Odious (adi) = repulsive, repugnant, ndous

NOTE: Charming is broader in scope than attractive.

288. Wrath (n) = Anger, indignation, fury

C9A, Inopportune (adj) = wrong, inappropriate.

Ideal best, good, suitable, opportune.

300. Peripheral (ad) =nimpotant, superfidal, minor, insignificant

JIC Encvating (ad) = deblitating, weakening, enegysapping

Invigorattng srenginening (Compare: firm (v))

32A. Unswerving (ad)) = tenacous, relentless.

Erratic = unpredictable, unstable, Indecisive.

33D. Fallacy (n) = erro, misconception.

34B. Immune (adj) = Resistant, unresponsivęxisensitve

Susceptible (ədj) prone, lable, vulnerablę, impresslonable.

358. Renascence (n) rejuvenation, revival, renewal, reawakening

36A. Disparate (adj) Conflicting, divergent, opposing - See Q20

37C. Catastrophe (n) = disaster, turmoil (Compare: apocalypse]

38A. Temperate (adj) = moderate, mild, not severe, not extreme

39A. Invaluable (adj) =Priceless, too valuable, Inestimable.

408. Bellcose (ad)) Aggressive, violent, belligerent, pugnacious

41A. Indifference (n) = lack of Interest or concern, non-chalance.

Compare: Impassioned, Impassive, fervour, fervent, ardernt,

ardour, avid.

42A. Loquacious (adj) = talkative; garrulous

43A. Satiation (n) feeling of having enough (espedaly of food)

Compare: Satiety, insatiable, satiate, satisfaction, bloated.

44B. Derogatory (ad) pejorative, belitting

45C Ignoble (ədj) = dishonourable, gnominious, shameful

Cheddist: Ignominy, infamy, venerable, respectable.

46B, Defy (v) = Disallow, resist

47D. Accustomed (adj) = usual

48D. Ermasatate (v) = weaken, render powerless, deprved of vir

Also: Ermasculate (v)= neuter, castrate

49B. Dissipate () = waste, dispersef scatter.

50D. Assduous (ad) = hardworking, industrious, ditigent

51D. Vicssitudes (n) = Instability, ups and downs, changes

Compare: Chequered (AmE spelling: Checkered)

528. lavwess = pefet, impeccable, fautdess, error-free.

53C Detbriment (n) = disadvantage, disfavour, risk

S4B. Decorous (adj)= polite, courteous

55A. Taut (adj) = tight, firm, stretched.

56C. Unfathomable (adj) = unpredictable, úndiscernable

Invigorating strengtheníng [Compare: firm (v)]

32A. Unswerving (adj) = tenacious, relentless.

Erratic = unpredictable, unstable, Indecisive.

33D. Fallacy (n) error, misconception.

34B. Immune (adj) = Reslstant, unresponsivęsirisensitive

Susceptble (adj) prone, lable, vulnerable, impressionable.

35B. Renascence (n) = ejuvenaton, revival, renewal, reavakening

36A. Disparate (adj) Conflicting, dvergent, opposing-See Q20

37C. Catastrophe (n) = disaster, turmoil (Compare: apocalypse]

38A, Temperate (adj) = moderate, mild, not severe, not extreme

39A, Invaluable (adi) Prlceless, too valuable, Inestimable.

408. Bellcose (ad)) = Aggressive, violent, belligerent, pugnadous

41A. Indifference (n) = lack of Interest or concern, non-chalance.

Compare: Impassloned, Inmpassive, fervour, fervent, ardent,

ardour, avid.

42A. Loquaclous (ad) talkative; garrulous

43A. Satiation (n) feellng of havtng enough (especdaly of food)

Compare: satiety, Insatiable, sätiate, satisfacion, bloated.

44B, Derogatory (adj) pejorative, belitting

45C. Ignoble (adj) dishonourable, lgnominious, shameful

Checklist: Ignominy, infamy, venerable, respetable.

468, Defy () Disallow, resist

47D. Accustomed (adj) usual

48D, Emasautate (V) = weaken, render powerkess, deprived of viriity.

Also: Emasculate (v) = neuter, castrate

498. Dissipate (v) = waste, disperséļ scatter.

s0D. Assiduous (adj) = hardworking, industrious, diliget

51D. Vidssitudes (n) = Instability, ups and downs, canges

Compare: Chequered (AmE spelling: Checkered)

528. Aawless = perfect, Impectable, fautess, error-free.

53C Detriment (n) disadvantage, disfavour, isk

54B. Decorous (adj)= polite, courteous

S5A. Taut (adj) = tight, firm, stretched.

56C. Unfathomable (adj) = unpredictable, undiscernable

57C. Fleeting (adi) = temporary, trànsient

58A. Diurnal (adi) = happening during the day

Conapare: Nocturmal.

59B. Alleviate (v) = Assuage, extenuate, lessen, reduce

Exacerbate (v) = worsen, aggravate

60C. Renegade (nfadj) = disloyal

Compare: Apostate, heretic, tumcoat

61C. Debilitating (adi)= enervating, weakening

Compare: Invigorating

62C. Rescind (v) = Revoke, discard, dismiss.

63D. Overpriced = expensive

Compare: Surcharge, underpriced,

64D. Predominanty = almost, always, chiefy.

65D. Covert (adi) = secret, ryptic, hiddei

Compare: Overt, clandestine, latent, patent.

66A. Suttryy (adj) = (of weather) hot [Compare: wintry, temperate.]

See also: Incdement weather.

67B. Arduous (adj) = herculean, uphil, tedious, diicut

68B. Harmless (adi) = innoCUous

Pernkious (adj) = Dangerous, hazardons, injurious, Inimical,

69A. Nalvety (n = credulity

70A. Inconceivable (adi) = unbelievablé, implausible, unimaginable

71A. Amtbivalent (adj) = undecided, indecisive

72A. Rudiments (n) = baslcs, fundamentals, elements

73C. Plethora (n) glut, excess, spectrum, wide, range

Compare; Paucity

74A. Agog (adj) = excited

75B. Interminable unending, endless, ceaseless

76A. Youthfulness (n) = state of being young, vitality, vigour, virility of

youth. [Senility (n) = conditions assoclated with old age.)

TID. Apathy (n) = Indifference, lack of Interest

Compare: Zest, zeal, gusto, enthusiasm, impassioned, apathy.

78C. Aver (v) = Assert, declare, affirm, confim, avour

79A. Frugality (n) = economy; Etravagance (n) = Prodigality

Compare: Extravagant, frugal, economical, prodigal.

80D. Underscore (v) = underline, emphasize, confim, highlight.

81D. Adroit (adj) = skilful, dextrous, astute, adept

Compare: Inept, awkward, clumsy, cumbersome

82B. See 45

83D, Notorious (adij) well known for bad reasons

Renowned (adj) = famous and respected for good reasons

84D. Redound (v) = improve people's opinlon of sb,.

Detract (v) = reduce, take away from, derogate

8SB. Phlegmatic (adj)= calm,, not easlly, upset

Compare: irascible, Irritable, choleric.

86D. Restive (adj) = estless, fidgety, disordery, fretful

87C. Unprecedented (adj) = momentous, slgnificant, historlc, that

• has never happened before

88A. See Q26

898. Incontrovertible (adi) = Incontestable, unarguable,lindubitable

90A. Hardline (adf) = uncompromising, rigid, tenacious

91C. Etermporaneous (adj) = extempore, unprepared, Impromptu

92D. Gullible (adj) = nałve, credulous, unwise

93C. Inordinate (adj) = Excessive

948. Timid (adj) = cowardly, pusillanlmous

95A. Conceal (v) = hide, cover [Compare: Dvulge, reveal]

96C. Inspire (v) = enchant, enthrall (Disenchanted = disillusioned)]

978. Ecstatic (adi) =Elated, happy, rapturous, triumphant.

98B. Recalctrant (ad) =rgld, stubbom, uncompromising, unylelding.

99C. Invigorating (ad)) = strengthening

100A. Loath (adj) = averse to, to hate sth, unwilling, l-disposed

to Related verb: Loathe = detest, hate.

20C. To be "contemporary" with sb at collegemeanstotendthe t

college abouthe same time hence, a contemporalylsrD,

218. Henchman (n) = Loyalist, supportet. Stanger

Compare: Minion, hireling, underling

22A, Wary (adj) = cautlous, scared

Compare: Wary and Weary; beware and be wary,

23A, Sumptuous (adij) = lavish, expensive, extravagartj de luYe,

luxurious; smacking of opulence

24B. Acquiesce (v) = allow, agree, pemt, compromlse; subrmit,

concur, entertain, accede, comply, tacitly'accept, conform,

assent, consent by silence.

NOTE: The verb takes on/to/with as prepositlon.

25C. Analogous (adj) = similar (Check: Analogue/analog(n)]

268. Denouement (n) = Climax, end of a play/drama

NOTE: Master the spelling of this French word (de-noue-ment)

as well as its pronunclation.

Checklist: Prologue, epilogue, interlude

278. Sour (adj) = sad, melancholk, moumful, not cheerful, mirthless

28C. Scorn (n) = Contempt, derision, mockery

"Pity" hasa deeper sense than sympathy here

29D. Opinionated (adj) = subjective, self oplnionated, blased,

influenced by personal opinions.

30A, Invidious (adj) = unpleasant and unfair

31A, Winsome (adj) = Pleasant, attractive, appealing

Obnoxáous (adi) = disgusting, repulsive, repugnant,appalling

32A. Masterly (adj) = skilful, adroit, adept, masterful.

33A. Chubby (adj) = rotund, fat

Compare: Cherubic, plump, stout, sturdy, stocdy, voluptuOus,

buxom, gangling, lanky, petite, overweight, obese, haggard,

disheveled, unkempt.

34C. Douse (v) = extinguish, put out, quench

Ignite (v)= light, kindle.

35C. Plebeian (adj) = ordinary, rude, primitive, philistine, simple

patrician (adj) sophisticated, cultured, aristocratic

36C. Premeditated (adj) = planned, planned in advance

37D. Tentative adj) = Provisional, temporary, pro tem

Definitive (adj) = substantive, definite, final

38A. Inherent (ad) = onnected with, related to, peculiar to,

characteristic of, intrinsic

39A. Hero (n) = Main character, (in a play) Protagonist

Villain(n) = Main bad character(in a play), antagonist.

NOTE: 1. A hero is an actor, a "heroíine is an actress

(Feminine)

2. A villain does bad thing in a play, a novel or movie

espedaly by "antagonizlng" the hero.

3. Heroin is an illegal drug just like cocalne; do not

confused the spelling with heroine.

4. Many Nigerian speakers tend to refer to only the

hero as the actor whereas all characters in the

play are actors/actresses.

40B. Condusive (adi) = Corroborative, absolute

41C. Apt (adj) = Suitable, appropriate, relevant, pertinent

42D. Congregate (v) = gather around, surround

43D. Cash (n) = money [Check: Legal tender]

44B. Apathetic (adj) = Indifferent, half- hearted, unconcemed,

uninterested (Related noun: Apathy]

458. Hasty (adj) = hurried, rushed

46C. Poverty (n) = Penury, destitution

Affluence (n) = Wealth, opulence

47D. Elite (n) = the best in the sodety, the best in a profession/an

institution, creme de la creme.

Gbzens (the) masses, common people, plebs

Checklist: Aristocrat, mobility, commoner, demotic, plebelan,

patrician, VIP, dignitary, celebnty, nobody, somebody.

488. Eagerness (n) = Enthusiasm, interest, zest, gusto, zeal, zealoty

49A. Threadbare (ad)) = overused, empty, hollow, baseless

5OA. ObsCure (adj) = hidden, restricted, cdassified

51A, Repellant (ad) unattactive, repulsive, unpleasant

52D. Absolute (adi) = despotic, totalitarian, dictatorial

Compare: Monarchy and democracy

53C. Phenomenal (adj) = Impressive, extraordinary, great

S4D. Spartan (adj) = austere, strict, seyere

Compare: Epicurean, hedonisIm, sumptUous

55D. Acimonious (adi) = Bitter, rancorous, malidous, splteful

S68. Appallng (adj) = disgusting, repugnat, repulsive

S7C., Encapsulate (v)= sum up, summarize, apture.

SSA:Compare: Spellbinding, enthralling, enchanting, engaging.

nggssng, abzofting, fasinating, ompelng, gpping, intoresing

59D, Leathery (adj) tough, hard

608. Ihdolcrt (ad) lary, sothful [Compare: Lazybones, soth, sobt

Jndustrlous (adj) = hardworking, diligent,

618. Tremendous (adj) = large, huge, significant, remarkable

62A, NOTE/Manuarwautaobetheqpposte dmetanica/medertshet

63D. Misery (n) = discomfort, distress, poor living condition

64C. Vvacous (ad)) = vcy, attractive, ebuliert, energetic, impressive

65D. Penchant (n) king, fondnes5, passlon, propensty, tendency,

inclínation, leaning, ardour (not ardous), adoration.

66B. Militant (adj) combative, bcligerent, aggressive,belicose

Civil (adj) = peaceful, polite,, diplomatic, peaceable.

67A. Jettison (v) = dump, điscard, đisperce wth, get rid o, abandon

do away with [Checklist: Expendable, dispensatblej

68D. LIstless (adj) Lethargic, weak, without energy

69D. Embellish (v) = Decorate, embroider, polish, adom, beautif

70A. Impudence (n) = Impertinence, rudeness, indolenoe,

impoliteness, incivility (adj: uncivil), abrasiveness

. Compare: Efrontery, nerve, termerity, chedk, tactdess.

71B. Collectively (adv) = jointy Severaly (adv) = separately

72C. Printable (adj) pleasant, palatable, not offernsive, sutable

suitable, not rude, not shocing. [Opp: Unprintable]

73B. Curioustý (act) = Irterestingly, surprisingy, furniy, usualy.

74A. Redundant (adj) = useless, unnecessary, irelevart

75D. Myriad (n/adj) = Many, numerous, numerosity .

76C. IngenuoLs = Naive, innocent, trusting, honest, unsophisicatad,

inexperienced, artless

NOTE: 1. Dont confuse "ingenuous with ingenicus

[-dever]

2. Disingenuous is not the opposite of ingenuous

Disingenuous =insincere.

T7B. Flawess (adj) perfect, impeccable, immaaate, without

blemish, error free, infalible

NOTE: 1. Flaw (n) = Mistake, eror, bunder

2. Flawed (adj) = erroneous.

78C.Guff (0) = nonsense

79A, Debase (v) = Devalue

80C. Straightforward (adij) = simple, uncomplicated

818. Receptive (adj) = Accommodating, friendy, hospitable

82C. Acquiescence (n) = Agreement, conpromise

83C. Ambivalent (adj) = Indeisive, uncertain, undecded.

84C. Plethora (n) =Excess, multude, myriad

85D. Heavy (adj) = hot/stalefunpleasant

868. Superfluous (adj)= unnecessary, exoessive

Compare: Gratuitous

87C. Coerce (v) = force, compel [Compare: persuade and onvince

88. Meroenary (n) = A temporary soier who fights for the mon

89C. Cruel (adj) = Brutal, harsh, merdless, allous

90C. Mercy(n) = Leniency, kindness, demeng

91C, Garrulous talkative, loquadous

Reticent (adj) = Reserved, uncommunicative, tactum.

NOTE: Outspoken means blunt/forthright/candid/frank b

not garrulous.

92B. Calow (adj) = inexperience, green, naive (Compare: Roo

93D. Herculean (adij)= arduous, difficult, strenuous, demandi

taing, exacting, (compare: Drudgery, tedium)

94D. Novice (n) Greenhorn, rookie, tenderfoot

Professional(n)= Veteran

95B. Candour (n) = Frankness, forthrightness, outspokennes

bluntness. (Compare: disingenuous, insincere]

96D. Anaemic (d) = weak, feeble

97A Inconohveble(adj) =uthinkable, impossble, unimaginable, io

98C. Superfidal(adj) =shallow, weak, peripheral, fake.

99C. Prudent (adj) Careful, sensible, shrewd.

[Compare: Conscientious.]

100B. Antipathy (n)= hatred, hostility, aversion, disike

[Compare: Apathy]
4. Our son was highly active and exuberant. A. Subdued B. Uisome

C. lively D. bright (2016:Q55]

SOLUTION: EXERCISE IV: LEXIS II: ANTONYMS

D. Lethal (adj) = deadly

D. Idiot (n) = dunce, cretin, foo, tomfool

C. Shocked (ad) = surprised, flabbergasted, perplexed,slckened,

revolted, homified, appalled, non-plussed, astounded, taken abadk

D. Fodble(adi) = Pliable, plant, compronising, yeding, Impressonable

SA. Sober (adj) sertous (Compare: Flippant, frivolous, vacuous,

carefree, thoughtful, penslve.]

5B. Effidency (n) Competence (Compare: Efectiveness, eficacy]

NOTE: "Compctency does not exist

7D, See excrcise 3 Q 90

3A. Volatile (ad)) Tense, precarioUS, precipitous

A, See Exerdse 3 Q 69

10B. Ad hoc (ad)) = Improvised, provisional, tentative, temporary

11A. Infinitesimal (ad) small, meagre, beggaly, paltry

Compare: Paucity (n)

12D. Adduce (v) = Suggest, put forward

13D. Antidote (n) = Panacea, solution, relief, elixir

148. Callous (adj) = widked, aruel, vdous, brtal, brutsh, inconsiderate.

1SA. Temporal (adj) = earthly, terrestrial, secular.

16A. Debilitate (v) = weaken, sap, enfeeble. (See: Ivigorte, stengthen]

17B. To plagiarize sb etse's workis to opy their workand use itas on's

188. To be taken aback is to be surprised.

198. To be erratic Is to be unstable unpredictable or iregular.

20A. If "translucent, the shades allow light to pass through then

but one cannot see through them. If tansparent they alow

light to pass in addition to the fat that one can see throUgh them.

21C. Unquenchable = insatiable, heightened

228. Antpatty = strong disike; distaste for; averson for, hastitity towards
238. To unpick a pleCe of sewing or knitting is to remove its stötches.

24D. Vague (adi) = doudy, nebulous, ambiguous

25D. "Communal" from "community"

Compare: Communist, socialist.

26C. Blight (v) = damage, ruin, spoil

27A. Carp (V)= nag, complain (bitterty)

28D. See O16

29D. Ludirous = Ridiculous, farcical, laughable, derisory

30C. Cringe (v) = cower

Cormpare: shocked, quiver, tremble, writhe

31C. Galvanize (v)= stimulate, promote, encourage, consolidate

32D. Gawky (adj) = awkward, cdumsy, cumbersome

Graceful = elegant

Cornpare: Lanky, gangling, feline

33D. Flux= change, fiuidity, Instability (Physics: See Magnetic flo

34A. Exuberant lively, energetic, ebullient, vivacious.

CHAPTER S

INTERPRETATION OF WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS

1. Mr. Jack could be a successful businessman If he paid more

attention to the more intrlate aspects of his account A. Mr

Jack will undoubtedly succeed B. Mr Jack cannot sucoeed

C. Jack will have a very good chance of succeeding D. Mr. Jack

will find It difficult to succeed E. Mr Jack will suCceed in spite of

all odds (1978:Q42)

2. If my father had not artved, I would have starved. This sentence

means A, my father did arrive and I didnt starve B. I had to

starve because my father didn't come C. my father didnt arrive

andI didn't starve D. I should have starved but I didnt E. I had

starved before my father arrived (1978:Q43)

3. We visited the home of one boy. That's the boy I mean.A. That's

the boy whom we visited his home B. That's the boy whose

home we visited. C. That's the boy whom we isited the home

D. That's the boy whom we visited the home. E. That's the boy

the home of whom we visited. (1978:Q97)

4. The dog was limplng. It appeared that one of its legs might

have been injured. A. The dog was limping as if it had an

injured leg B. The dog was limping as it had an injured dog

C The dog was limping so it had an injured leg D. The dog was

limplng so as it had an Injured leg. E. The dog was limping for

it had an injured leg. (1978:Q98)

5. Ican walk that distance and have done so many times. A.lam

used to walk that distance 8, I used to walk that dlstance

c Iused to walking that distance D. I am used to walking

that distance E. I will walk that distance. (1978:099)

6 For al he ared, his parents might have becn dead for years

A, although concerned about his parents, he had been unable to

fnd out if they were alive 0. He cared for no-one except his parents,

and it was possible that they had died long before C. He did not

are whether his parents were allve or had dicd long bcfore D. He

was concemed about everyone, not just about his parents, who

might have died long before E. Hecared very much for his parents

even though they were dead (1978:Q100)

1. The young teacher was surprised to lean that hls promotion was

approved by the old inspector who is generally known to... A, be

generous B. be friendly to young pcople C. like young people D.

be hard to please E. be very cheerful (1979:050)

8. Had she asked me carlier, I might have been able to

employ him A I employed her B. I did not employ him C. I did

nt emplay her D. I employed him E, I employ neither of the two

(1979:Q52)
9. İf he were to apologize I would probably forgive him

A. I shall not forgive him even If he apologizes B. he is likely to

apologize and be forgiven C.I shall definitely forgive him if he

apologizes D. If he apologizes I shall decide whether or not to

forgive him E. he will not apologize and I will not forgive him

(1979:Q53)

10. As he wasa gullible leader, his followers took advantage of him

A He was weak and unable to enforce his authority B. He was

partial and unfair in dispensing justie C He was simple minded

to a fault D. He was stow to ad E. Hewas lacking in educaton

and experience in everyday affairs (1979:Q54)

11. His summary of the meeting was brief and to the point

A Careful B. predse Cacaurate D. exadtE.rudal (1979:Q55)

12, Thewitness was guity of swearing toOa statement he knew to

befalseAforgery B. pejury C ibel D.stander E.affidavit (1979:Q59)

13. The story told by the suspet was difficult to believe A. ingeduous

B.gredible C ingedible D. redulous E. ridiculous (1979:060)

14. The politician has a variety of peculiarities. The most

conspicuOus is the way he qesticulates when making a

serious point A. shows anxiety when making a serious point

B. breaks down when talking seriously C. uses his hands and

arms as a sign D. bows his head in humility to the crowd

E shakes his head from one side to the other (1979:067)

15. My Headmaster is qetting old. His masters have been

retired, But because of his zeal for work, he has been

retained._A. My Headmaster is strong B. My Headmaster is

cheerful C. My Headmaster is friendly D. My Headmaster is

enthusiastic about his job E. My Headmaster's activity at work

is unparalleled. (1979:Q68)

16. In spite of the loud mnusic, John soon managed to fall

asleep_A. the loud music s0on helped John to fall asleep

B. John soon fell asleep as a result of the loud music C. the

loud music made John despise sleep D. the loud muslc made

John unable to fall asleep E. John soon fell asleep even though

the music was loud (1979:Q69)

17. He heard the Loud noise of the huge air-raid siren A. bUZz

B. crack C. rumble D. whistle E. wail (1979:Q7O)

18. Whern a man is immune to an llness, he Is A. opposed to it

B. attached to it C. hated by it D. protected against it

E. addicted to it (1980:Q70)

19, In some parts of our society, people are ostracized purely on

the basis of their percentage A. hated B. disrespected C. shut

off form others D. locked up E. abandoned (1980:074)

20. Maimuna wrote to ask ifl could put her.... for the night A. up

8. in C. out D. off E. away (1981:Q95)

21. The students decided tO g9 without breakfast in order to

save money for the needy. They decided to A. travel and

leave their breakfast at homne B. go outside for breakfast

C. go for lunch rather than breakfast D. forgo breakast

E. reject breakfast (1982:Q81)

22. He is travęlling tomonow. A He may travel tomorrOW B. He

w ravel tomorrow C He has to tavel tomorroW D. He should

tad tonmorow E He can tavel tomomOW (1982:083) 53

23. Heshould be able to doitalone, A. He would be able to dot

alone B. He ought to be able todo talone CHe may be able tode

it alone D. He has to be able to do Its alone E He wil do it alone

(1982:Q84)

D 24. He will smoko continuously when he Is depressed, A

He smokes continuously whenever he is depressed B. He

Intends to Smoke conttnuously whenever he is depressed C Ha

wishes to smoke continuoudy when he is depressed D. He max

Smoke continuously vhen he is depressed E He can smole

Continuousty whenever he s depresscd (1982:Q85)

25. Shada is to ome home tomoros. A Shade is planning to

come home tomorrow B. Shade may come home tomorow

C. Shade wants to come home tomorrow D. Shade is

expected to come home tomorrow E. Shade wishes to

Come home tomor (1982:Q86)

26. Johnmustbehapoy today, Alamre ohn is happy today

B. John is hapgy today CI hope hn is happy today D. Is

possible John is happy today E John may be happy today

(1982-Q87)

27. You can talk to her, A. You are pemited to talk to her

B. You must talk to her C. YoU might tak to her D. Nothing

prevents you from talking to her E. A & D (1982:088)

28. The General promised the soldiers would go badk to the

banacks. A, bariade B. amy C military taining school

D. soldiers quarters E cvifian quarters (1982-089)

29. There is an end-of-session party tonight, but Sola hastfinished

her term paper. She's unlikely to come. AIdoubtwhether

she will Come B. She will likely come CItist untke her to

Come D. She doesnt like coming to parties E. There is a smal

possibility that she might come (1982:095)

30. Never in the history of human conflit has so much been

owed by so many to so few. A. Many people owed much

money at the end of the war. B. A handful of people saved

the lives of a nation CA few people did a ot of things gratis

D. This conflict caused the largest ransom ever demanded

E. very litte was owed by anyone to anybody (1982096)

31. Had she known he was a high-way robbershe woud no

have maied him. This means A she married him befare she

knew he was a robber B. she lnew he was a robber when she

married him C she did not marry him because she wasarobbe. D.

she refused to marry the man when she knewhe wasa robbes E

she was a robber marrying a highway robber. (1983-Q71)

32. Jide is being forced to qo to Lagos tomoTOW. This means

that Jide... A. will go to Lagos B. must go to Lagos C. wishes to

go to Lagos D. is going to lagos E. goes to Lagos (1983sQ2)

33. It is sheer fantasy to believe that there could never bea

miscalculation by ary nabon that has atomic weapons. Fantay

here means A. dream B. hope C nonsense D joke E spdty

(1983:Q73)

34. Thebody is senstive to changes in velocty which, ftoo sudder

A, onsciousness may be ost 8. t may lose consoousness

one may become unaonsdous D. may cause loss af onsdousness

E. may lose consdiousness (1983:094)

35. Our town Is so Small that we are always meeting our shool

mates accidentaly. A coming aaross B. faling into C. knocding

up D. running up E. running into. (1984:Q27)

36. Canyou give agood explanation for your behaviour?A aoooun

for B. call for C dear up D. make up E. give up. (1984:Q23)

37. Be careful! We are approaching the crossroads. A. look UD

B, watch out C. look up D. hold up E. look un. (1984:Q29)

38, ThoUsands of students are candidates for the examinauot

but only very few pass. A. come into B. call for C. go into

D. enter for E. turn up for (1984:Q30)

39. Osyaku started playing football because he thought

wOuld develop him physıcally. A. took up footbal! B. pick

up football C. retumed to football D. took up with footba

E. put in for football. (1984:Q32)

40. One I have finished all my homework I am permite

watch telvision, AIan watch televsion at anybme. B I

only watdh television after dong my homevork C Tolevso

omes first, then homework second. D. I can ony fsh n

homework after pemisson to watch televon E. aftr walth

todevsion I nished my homework. (1984:Q33) A. He

41. Eoralhndheamewndaslost.

did not care if the game was lost B. Ho could not care less If
the game was lost.C He was almost aartaln that he game

would be lost. D. He was afrakd the game would be lost.

E. The game was very good, and he cared very much about

losing it. (1984:Q34)

42. A basic objecte In this respect is the attalnmentofsel

sumcenginfoodinaboutadeade. A Food wll soon

be sufident for evey body B. Mass productlon of food C

Weshoukd aim at produdng food for sale and consumptlon

in ben years. D. We should be alble to feed ourselves In fve

years, E. Our alm is to provide enough food for our needs

in ten years. (198A:Q35)

43. The manager sald that unless the employecWorked

harder the acor would have to be closed. The

managerald that.A he employees were not working hard,

and so the factory would be dosed B. the employees should

not dose early so that they oukd produce more. C. the

fadtory was not productive because the employees were

lazy D. the factory would be shut if the employees did not

ingease their outut E. the factory was dosed because

the employees did not work hard enough. (1984:Q42)

44. The new employee is so humble and friendly that he will soon

make hisef popuar. A weloomed and aoepted B. hated

Cestanged D. rejected E. a personal fiend. (1985:Q41)

45. He lost his voice momentarily. A in a moment B. in a split

second C for a brief period of time D. without delay

E instantly. (1985:Q52)

46. I am yet to write the penultimate paragraph of my essay.

A ast but one B. third to the last C. seond D. conduding

E introductory (1985:Q54)

47. The Senate postponed the meeting indefnitelr, A. for a

short time B. for six months C definitey D. without fiing a

date E. for several months (1985:Q60)

48. Se his the's death, Osta has not been able to one with

the tasks ofa famiy head A perform adequately B. tolerate

Cacept D asses poperly E manage (1985:062)

49. Ris sheer foolhardiness for unarmed policemen to pursue

armed robbers. A nonsense B. bravery C. foolishness

D. stupidity E. foolish risk taking (1985:Q65)

50. The judge amedowm heity on the aaused perSon in

his judgment. A. aashed heaviy B. fel down headlong

Cdescended upon heaviy D. imposed a stiff penalty E. rash

anded on. (1985:Q6A)

51, Youare free to leave the hal A tanadvantage B. opportune

Cat liberty D. right. (1986:Q36)

52 The aulprits will sunnder their loot to the Customs

ofiials. A give away B. give out C given in D. give up.

53. Wath itt You ould be followed, said the robber. A. Look

(1986:037)

around B. Be sober C Be vigilant D. Lookout (1986:Q46)

S4. This year's harvest is sunlus. A. enough for our need

B. imitdess C more than enough D. plenty. (1986:Q52)

Mayanddates new appy to read Lawbeauseitsaluarative

55. profession. A brings plenty of profit B. brings high presige

Ctingsquidkmoney D. bings plerty dfknowlecige (1986:053)

S6. Thee pressman said that his interview with the President was

gif teeord. A not written on govenment record books

B. not intended for publicaton C. not taped D. written

esewhere ther than in govermernt records. (1986:Q54)

D/. Everybody resnects the team leader. A. kooks up for

B. looks up on C. looks up to D. looks up at. (1986:Q57)

S8. Sorme warkers Wentontherampge ata tade-fair. A tumed

violent B. robber C were angry D. demonstrated. (1987:Q36)

S9. We have to identify the proagonists of the new

movement A enemies B. leadng igures C opponents

oU. The Chief approached the issue with convincing

D. beleves (1987:Q38)

int-rstotnA kdk of interest 8, bdk of personal

interest C inability to be Interested D. unwillingness.

(1987:Q47)

DIKaN

61. I know you've been eaves-dropplng all along A. dropping

gently B. paying attentlon C. listening secrety D, dropping all

the leaves. (1987:Q50)

62. I would not like you to do the work plecemeal A. at meal

time B. bit by bit C. badly D. as a masterplece. (1987:052)

63. Ngozl and Ekaete were fast frlends when we were in the

secondary school. A. friends who run very qulckly together

B, frlends who go without food for a long time together

C. frlends who are not easily separated from each other

D, friends who spend too much time and energy on pleasure

and excitement together (1988:Q36)

64. My son has just been rusticated from the university. A. sent

home to gct his fces B. sent home for misconduct C. sent home

to rest for somctime D. sent home to become rustic (1988:037)

65. The sccretary was advised to put on a cheerfu1dsposition

whenever the manager arrives. A, a good dress B. a smiling

face C. a happy look D. good make up. (1990:0)

66. would rather not attend the party. A. detest attending B.

do not have the enthusiasm to attend C. must not attend

D. have a choice to attend or not to. (1991:0)

67. If Garba had listened to advice, he would not haye had to

be rushed to the hospital. A. deliberately desired to be rushed

8. was in position to have prevented the need to be rushed

C was rushed against his wish D. was given a chegue, but

preferred to go. (1991:Q34)

68. Aduke:Ngozi, let's visit the market. Ngod: Ifyou insist Aduke
A, is very willing to accompany Aduke B. must accomparry

Aduke C. is not keen on going with Aduke D. is pretending not

to be interested in going with Aduke. (1991:Q35)

69. Hereneged on the agreement between him and his employees

A. kept B. failed to keep C failed to approve D. failed to

sign. (1992:Q52)

70. People may not pick fiowers in this park. A. People an pidk

flowers in this park. B. People may not wish to pick flowers in

this park. C. People are prohibited from picking fowers in this

park. D. People cannot pick flowers from this park (1992:096)

71. Tom ought not to have told me. A. Tom did not tell me but he

should. B. Perhaps Tom was wrong to have told me.

C Tom told me but it was wrong of him. D. It was necessary

for Tom not to tell me. (1992:Q97)

72.. Hean't be swimming all day. A. Its possible he is not swimming

now. B. Its very likely he is swimming now.

C. He does not have the ability to swim all day. D. He would

not like to swim all day (1992:098)

3. Bolade would make a mess of cooking the rice. A. It was

typical of Bolade to make a mess of things. B. Bolade cannot

cook. C. Bolade will not cook the rice welI. D. Bolade does not

like cooking rice. (1992:Q99)

74. IfI were the captain, I would have led the team to victory.

A. I was.not the captain but I led the team to victory. B.I was

not the captaln but I did not lead the team to victory. C. I was

not the aptain and I did not lead the team to victory. D. I was

the captaln and I lead the team to victory (1992:Q100)

75. Between you and me, I would say that the equlpment has

outived its usefulness. A. I believe that the equipment is no

longer useful to either of us. B. I belleve that the equipment

continues to be useful to either you or me. C. My idea of the

usefulness of the equipment should remain known only to the

two of us. D. My idea of the usefulness of the equipment is

shared by both of us. (1993:026)

76. Emeka wished he had started school early A. Emeka started

school early as he wlshed. B. Emeka regretted starting school

earty C. Emeka regretted not starting school early D. Emeka

could have started school early if he had wished. (19993:027)

77. He was between the devil and the deep blue sea, A, He was in

danger. B, He was Scared C. He stood between the devil and

the sea. D. He was in a dilemma. (1993:028)

78. The boys, who rioted, were suspended by the principal.

A. Only some of the boys rioted and they were suspended.

B. All the boys rloted and were suspended C. Many boys

rioted and were suspended. D. A few boys rioted and were

suspended. (1993:Q29)

9. Whoever wauld have thought that he would lose the

presidential elecion? A, Everyone belleved that he would

lose the electlon B. It was commonly belleved that he would

wh thececton. C. He was supposed to lose the election. D.

No one belleved that he would win the election.

(199NQ30)

K's odeful that Musa Is already out of hospltal. A. The

Fact that Musa is out of hospltal causes great wonder D, The

fact that Musa is out of hospital is a miracle. C. It is surprising

that Musa ls out'of hospital D. It is very pleaslng that Musa is

out of hospital. (1993:031)

81, You could have heard the sound If you weren't asleep.

A, You were not asleep so you hcard the sound. B. You were

asleep so you did not hear the sound. C. You heard the sound

though you were asleep. D. You did not hear the sound though

you were not asleep. (1993:Q32)

82. Had Aminu been a dull student, his failure wouldn't have

surprised anybody. A. Aminu failed and It surprsed everybody

since he was dull. B. Aminu was not a dull student and so

everybody was surprised that he falled C. Because Aminu

was a dull student, everybody was surprised that he failed.

D. Aminu had been a dull student, and so nobody was

surprised that he failed (1993:Q33)

83. The president of the dub said that he woukd cros the bridge on

goting there.A Hewas waiting for an opportunity to takeadecision.

&When he got to the river he would builkda bridge aaross itC. He

woukd take a dedsion at the appropriate time.D. When he got to

the river he would aoss at the bridge. (1993:034)

84. His refusal to helps us, dealt a deathblow to our plans.

A. Because he did not help, our plans did not materialize.

B. He helped and our plans materialized C. He blew our plans

to pieces D. He supported our plans so it worked (1993:Q35)

85. Boadedded togive thetaskeveryting hehad.A. al hs money B. al

tistme Complete atter tion D. complete atendane (1993:Q54)

aresttufthe electon woukd haje been iferent if some people

od not been disfranchised. A. Gsfvoured B. banned from

osting C allowed toig D. preveted fromvotng. (1993:055)

87. We enjoythe story but it sounds larger than life.

A. too long and unsubstantiated B. a litde watery and lifeless

C completely untrue D. somewhat unusual (1993:056)

88. General Muritala Muhammed excelled in deeds of prowess.

A. warfare B. politics C. cOurage D. eloquence. (1993:Q58)

89. Jide says he read in the papers that our uncde has been

dedared a persona non qrata by the French gOvernment.

A. unwelcome guest B. impersonator C. ungrateful person

D. unofficial guest (1993:062)

.90. Had he come that day, the problem would still not have been

solved. A. He came that day, but the problem was not solved.

B. He did not come that day, but the problem was solved.

C. He did not corme that day, and the problem was not solved.
D. He did not come that day, but his presence would not

have solved the problem. (1994:027)

91. He is now the megaphone of the people's oppressors. A. He

now speaks on behalf of the oppressors. B. He now amies

the megaphone when the oppressors speak. C. He is now

the oppressor with the loudest volce. D. He is the oppressor

who now speaks with megaphone. (1994:Q28)

92. Here is Mr. Pam the tailo. A. He is the only person known as Mr.

Pam, and he is a tailor. B. He lis one of those known as Mr. Pam,

and he is a tailor. C. He is the only tallor, and he is Mr. Parn. D.

He is one of many tailors, and he is Mr. Pam. (1994:029)

93. One of the guarantors shall slgn here. A, It is desirable that

one of the guarantors sign here. B. It is reasonable that one

of the guarantors signs here. C. It is obligatory that one of

the guarantors signs here. D. It is advisable that one of the

guarantors signs here.(1994:Q30)

94 Many would argue that the achievement commensurate with

the effort A, unexpected in the light of 8. funny compared

with C. proportional to D. the wrong excuse for. (1994:043)

95. Ojo used to play tennis cveryday. A. İs familiar with playing

B, has to play C. was in the habit of playing D. was made to

play. (1994:046)

96. Tam surprised to learn that Badrmus isan agnostic A someone

that belevesn God Bdmeone wo antagoniesCod Csomeone

who s nondalant atput the eitence one who

docs not beievo in theeótence dto presance

97. Mostof the tme, theirpresene isa marta

Is always mcaningful B. Their presesss.Dotr..

C Thelr presone is uauly o

go

Is frequenty a thrett : (05u

98, My son, who is in theU$A, is

son Is in tve U.SA' suooEngineertt

the USA stutying Engneerng. C

only one is studying Engineerng.D. Ürljinyohhe USA

shudying Enginecrtng. (1995:02)

99. I was one of those who actvely belieed in his deveopmert

programmes. A. I was part of thoze who renounced the

programmes. B. I was the originator of the programmes.CI

was one of the people who embracod the programmes.D.I

was one of the great number who developed his programmes

atvely. (1995:Q28)

100. The mills of God grind slowty, but they grind eceeingy

small. A. God has a mill where every material in ife s

thoroughty ground. B. God may seem siow in adion, but He

adequately rewards every bit of injustice. C The wartd is e

a food factory where God takes His tme inginng al raw

materials property. D. Even though God is never ina huny,

He achieves all things (1995:029)

SOLUTION: EXERCISE I: INTERPETATÍON OFWORDS

AND EXPRESSION

1C. "Could" here suggests" possibility (C) but not"certainly (A)

2A. Compare: If my father had arrived, I wouldn’t have starved

38. Whose" is a determiner/a pronoun which shos possesson

or points to who/want is meant; oid (E) here.

4A. "Appeared" means "apparenty andanlyopresses a

probability

5D. Can and "have in the sentence suggest “present” hence

the act of walking is a current habit

NOTE: For past habit, (B) would be right

6C. Whatever follows the expression “For all –cared” is not a

concern of the person(s) involved.

7D. This space must be filled with a contrast

88. She didnt ask; I did not employ him (ompare Q2)
9D. Probably" suggest a "doubt

10C. Gullible (adj) = Naive, easily manipulated influenced, having

a tendency to believe all things.

118. "Precise" ordinarily means exact/ accurate involving correct

details but precise also involves clarity.

Precise = Accurate/ Exact + clear

But "brevity (being brief) can also suggest clarity

12B, Related Verb: Perjure

13C. Incredible (adj) = Unbelievable

Compare: Credulous, incredulous

Ridiculous (adi) = ludicrous, absorb, laughable

14C. Compare: Gesture

15D. Zeal (n) = Enthusiasm, eagerness, fondness

16E. The loud music was not Impediment to John's seeping

17E. The buzz of a bee/an electrical device

The rack of a gun/thunder

The rumble of strong wind

The wail of a siren/a mourner

18D. Checklist: Inoculate, vaccinate, vulnerable, liable, susceptible, quarantine.

19C. Checklist: Excommunicate, incommunicado, alienate

208. See Q19

21D. They decided not to have breakfast

22B. Present continuous tense used as future tense here.

Simple present can also be so used He travels tomorrow.

23B. Should = ought

24A. "Future tense" used to express habit (present tense)

25D. OR" Shade is Supposed to come tomorrow

26A. OR"John is certainly happy today"

27E. Or "You are free to talk to her

28D. Note the ending s for both singular and plural senses

of the word; barrack(v) has a completely different meaning.

29A, "unlıkely connotes uncertainty.

30B. "So few a handful of people

So much= o much indebtodncss of gratude for the saving

"So many = a nation (many people)

31A, Compare Q 2 and 5

32B. "Must connotes coercion/compulsion

33A. Alternative spelling : Phantasy

Check: Reverie

34D, "Which refers to velocity" not |"body:. Also "if the velocity

is sudden, it may cause loss of consclousness" I.e loss of

onsciousness of the body.

35E. Coming across has similar but broader meaning.

36A, Account for m explain

38. (B) and (C) are ordinarily synonymous although(C)is Informal.

39D. You"enter for" an exam/competitor In whlch you are to be

andidate or participant.

40A. To take up sth/to take sth up= to learn or start to do sth

Compare: Take to sth/sb.

418. The precondition to me watching televlsion is having done

my homework.

42A. See Q6

43E. "Objective/aim" is tuturisttc and a "decade" is ten years

Checdist: Century millennium, aeon, score, gross, dozen

44B. To be "popular is to be oved by a large number of people

Cormpare: Notorious, famous, famed, renown.

45C. Momentarily (ad) = briefty

In a moment = very soon, presenty.

Compare: Momentary and Mementos.

46A. Penultimate (ad) = last but one, next/second to last.

Compare: Sophomore(n)

47D. Compare: Infinitely.

48E. To manage sth is to be able to do/deal with it successfully.

49E. Related Adjecive: Foolhardy.

Compare: Effirontery, temerity

SOD. Come down on sb = To punish sb

Heavily (adj) =severely

51C. Compare: Freedom and liberty

52C. Surplus (adi) = Excessive

Compare Brcess (n), plethora, glưt, surfet, shortage, paucty

55A. Luative (ad) = Profitable

56B. Compare: On condition of anonymity.

57C, You look up to sb when you respedt, admire and take them

for a role model.

58A. On the rampage To go wild and violent.

NOTE: This expression must be written with the artice the

(on the rampage not on rampage)

59B. Compare: Apostles

60B. "Personal Interest here means bias or prejudice

Disinterestedness = Impartiality

Compare: Dispassionate

61C. Compare: within earshot, voyeur

62B. Compare: at one go

63C. Fast(adj) = firmly fixed, inseparable

Checdist: bosom/intimate/dose frlends.

NOTE: tight friends" is an error

64B. Compare: expel, reinstate

65C. Look (n) = facial expression. Cheerful = happy, joyous

Disposition = temperament.

Look (n) =A person's appearance especially if attractive

668. ORI prefer not attending "Detest in opbon (A) is too strong.

67B. His being rushed to the hospital could have been prevented,|

had he listened to advice

68C. Ngoi İs not too nterested in going but Aduke's Insistence

will make her to.

698. Checklist: go back on one's promise, to redeem one's

pledge/promise to make good one's threat/promise.

70B. It is not mandatory people pick flower in this park

Opbon(A) is correct in "people may pick.*

Option (D) Is corret In"people must pick.."

71C. Note that.." to have told.." in this sentence indicate the

past action but "To ought not tell me Indiated future

meaning It is not necessary or right for Tom to tell me later

72C. The spcaker is certain the swnmer is not capable of such a feat.

73C. Note that "could" in this sentence does not indicate past event.

74C. This Is a hypotthetical statement and neither of the facts in

the statement really oCCUrred.

75C, Optlon (A) looks tempting because it is partly correct but

1, It is sllent about "Between you and me... which suggests

secrecy

2. The orlglnal statement does not suggest that the equiprnent,

I before It outlived its usefulness, was useful to uS.

In Option(C): 1. My ldea of the usefulness of the equiprnent

= |ts outliving its usefulness.

2, And that ldca ls a secret we must share

between us

Option (D) is faulty because it suggests the listener als0 has

the same knowledge even before belng told.

76C. Emeka did not start school earty; now he regrets it.

77D. Dilemma (n) a situation In whích one has to choose

between two things which are equally undesirable.

78A. Only the ones who rioted among the students vwere suspended.

798. Nobody envisaged his losing the election

80C. Compare: wondrous

818. This statement is as good as saying: "You would have heard

the sound had you not been asleep"

828. Adamu failed in spit of not being a dull student.

83C. HE would take a decision only when it is due.

84A. A death blow= what destroys or put an end to sth.

Checklist: Death knell Death warrant (figurative uses)

85C. Biola decided to concentrate on the task

87B. Franchise (n) Right to vote in an electon.

Compare: Disenfranchise and Enfranchise

Checklist: Universal adult franchise/suffrage, electorate

88C. Warfare (A) requires courage/ gallantry.

89A. If the person in question is in the country, he faces deportation.

90B. His preserce would have made the problem to remain unsoved

91A. Megaphane isused metaphorialytomean poesmar/spokesperson.

92B. This Mr. Pam, one of many, isa tailor.

93C. "Shall connotes an order/a compulsion/a commandrnent. Thou

shall not steal (BIBLE)

94C. Commensurate with = proportional to, match.

95C. Ojo no longer plays teninis everyday as he did îin the past.

96C. Anagnostc believes the eistence ofGod cannot be possible proved.

Compare: Atheist, polytheist, monotheist, theism.

97D. Menacing (adj) = threatening

98B, The expression "who is In the U.SA.." is an adjectival dause

describing which of my sons İs studying Engineering"

99C. I am an apostle of his programmes.

100B. God's judgement might be delayed but HE..

Exerise II: INTERPRETATION OF wORDS AND EXPRESSION

1. I shuddered in revulsion as I watched the snake slowły

Swallow the struggling rat. A. was fascinated 8. was repelled

C. was interested D. was distressed. (1995:Q55)

2. The enemy interestingly proved a real bulwark on that memorable

day. A. protecting force B. source of trouble C. troubleshooter

D. tribulation. (1995:Q57)
3. The stadium had a capacity crowd in spite of the weather.

A. The weather favoured the crowd at the stadium.

B. The crowd defied the weather to fill the stadium.

C. The stadium was not filled because of the weather.

D. The crowd loved the weather at the stadium. (1997:Q26)

4. Imona couldn't have attended lectures yesterday.

A. It was possible that Imona attended lectures yesterday.

B. It was possible that Imona didn't attend lecturer yesterday.

C. It was impossible that Imona attended lectures yesterday.

D. It was impossible that Imona didnt attend lectures yesterday.

(1997:Q27)

5. The conference is biennlal. A. The conference is held twice every

year. B. The conference is held twice every two years C. The

Conference is held once every other year. D. The conference

lasts for two years. (1997:Q28)

6. Only two ministers survived the recent cabinet reshuffle.

A. In the recent changes in government, only two ministers

were sacked, B. In the reent changes in qovernment, all but

two minlsters remained alıve. C. In the recent changes in

govemment, all but two minişters retalned thelr posts. D. In

the recent changes in government, all but two ministers were

sacked: (1997:Q29)

7. Bassey is as hard as nail A. Bassey is very strong B. Bassey Is

very brave t:Bassey is determined D. Bassey is unsympathetic

(1997:Q30)

8. The group of perfomers thrilled the audlence wlth its pccullar

choreogaphy. A. form of dancing B. art of theatrics C. type

of costuming D. mode of singing (1997:Q52)

9. The rally was attended only by people who were apolltical.

A. full of political fervour B. antagonistic to poltclans

C new-breed politicdansD. not interested in politcs, (1997:Q55)

10. In this house, children are supposed to be in bed by ten

o'dock.'A., just before B. not before C. about D. not later than.

(1997:Q61)

11. You don't have to agree with our producers. A, shouldn't

disagree B. must not agree C. may dísagree if you don't wish

D. may not disagree if you don't wish. (1997:Q62)

12,. Their strength is their staggering capacity to reproduce.

A, unstable multiplying power B. unreliable attacking power

C. qualitative multiplying power D, overwhelming multiplying

power. (1997:Q66)

13. The deaner resigned from his job which he said had become

a trivial round, A. unrewarding B. too routine C. rather

degrading D. unattractive (1997:Q68)

14. For a long time, the robber defied police warnings as if he

was invulnerable, A. perfectly jusifiable B. difficult to catch

C. impossible to harm D. indifferent to danger. (1997:Q70)

15. IfI left the country, I would arrange for my family to join me.

A. He left the country and his family joined him B. In the

event of his leaving the country, his farmily would join him.

C He did not leave the country and his family did not join

him. D. He may not leave the country. (1998:026)

16. A state of mutual hatred existed for years bėtween the two

villages of Umuna and Ogboma .A. Umuna hated Ogboma.

B. Ogboma hated Umuna.C.Ogboma and Uruna hated themseves

D. Umuna and Ogboma hated eadh other. (1998:Q27)

17. The painting in the museum was beautifully faked. A. The

painting was a good deceptive replica, B. The painting was

well-framed and displayed. C. The painting was deceptively

decorated in the museum. D. The painting was carefully hung

in museum. (1998:028)

18. Ade: Do you mind ifI sit down here? Bola: wel, yes I do aualy.

A, Bola is reluctanty granting the request. B. Bola is wilingly

accepting the request.C Bola is certainly rejecting the request.

D. Bola is objecting to the request. (1998:Q29)

19. The President held forth for several minutes on the need for

patriotism. A. The President was silent for some mlnutes when

patriotism was being discussed. B. The Presldent whispered

a few things about patriotism. C. The Presldent spent time

saying a few things about patriots. D. The President gave a

rather long speech on the importance of patrioism. (1998:Q30)

20. The slide in the price of gold In the world market has left the

industry reeling. A. The gradual fall in gold price is making

the industry unstable. B. The stability in gold price Is making

the industry stagnant. C. The decline in gold price ls making

the industry redundant. D. The inrease in gold price is making

the industry to boom. (1998:Q31)

21. Fabricated statements published as truths amount to an abuse

of press freedom. A. To make known what is not true is

aggressive to press freedom. B. Publishing formulated

untruths is misused press freedom. C. Unplanned publicized

untruths are a misuse of the freedom of the press. D. Press

freedom is based on published untruths. (1998:Q32)

22. The expected guests arrived at the eleventh hour. A. The

guests amived at the last minute. 8. The guests arived a 11

o' d ockC. The guests arived at the expected time.

D. The guests arrived eleven hours behind schedule,

(1998:Q33)

23. After addressing the court for two hours, the defence counsel

rested her case. A. The defence cOunsel was tired after

speaking for two hoUrs, so she took a break. 8. The judge

adjourned the defenae cousel's Casc after listenıng for to

hours. C. The defence counsel conduded her defence after

speaking for two hours. D. The judge advised the defenge

cOunsel to rest after two hours of address. (1998:034)

24. Benjamin cxclaimed, If it is Napolcon who said it, it must be

right.' A. Benjamin neer beleves what Napolcon says. B.

Benjanin does not know what is right unless Napoleon says

It. C. Napoleon always says vhat Benjamin belicves to be

right. D. Benjamln thinks that Napoleon avrays says the right

thing. (1998:Q35)

25. Hors was a hequcred career A, an irteresing and suacessu

Əroer B,a aroer full df sorow and trars C a brghtand memorable

Caroer D. a career futl of ups and downs. (1998:065)

26. If experience is anything to go by, this aion will prove a

political.mínefieid. A. a sources cof political benefits B. a

way out of political trouble C. a causes for political joy D. an

invitation to political problems (1998:066)

27. The gateman does his work perfundterily A without

commitment B. with speed C grudgingly D. enthusiasticaly

(1998:Q70)

28. The manager said that the riew joaf was the last wordin bakery.

A. The loaf was the best ever baked. B. The loaf was the ast

to be baked. C The loaf was the worst to have been baked.

D. The lbaf was the lastin the bake's directory. (1999-096)

29. The reformists say eleciods cannot be free and fair unless a

number of onnstitutional changes are effected. A. Reformation

depends on constitutbonal changes. B. Free and fair eletions

depend on law reforms C. Free and fair elecions are the

primary concern of the reformists. D. Eifeting constiuional

changes is dependent on electoral řeforms(1999:Q97)

30. Hundreds of used items will go under the harnmer uring the

weekend. A. Unserviceable goods wil be publicy destroyed

at the weekend. B. Impounded househokd iterns w be sold

to the public before the weekend. C. Damaged tems wil be

sold next weekend. D. Many old items wi be aucboned this

weekend. (1999:Q98)

31. The aowd in the hal is irtimidating:A Jhe aowd isightening

B. The rowd is angry C The aowd is overwhełming. D. The

cowd is riotous. (1999:099)

32. The hortzon may not be dear now, but the troubled spots have

certainly been noted.A. The horizon is dependent on the troubled

spots. B. Caty of the hortzon is dependent an the percepion of

the troubled spots C. The troubled pots are more perceptble

than the horizon. D. Horizon, carty of the roubled soots and

certainty are remarkabły noted. . (1999:Q100)

33. Theman wasable to persade his witul and obsnate đaughter

to folow the career he chose for hec A inteligent but arogant B

hardworkdng and irteligentCunyieding and otdurate D cbsure

and odious (2000:Q80)

34. The Govemor told the hef that hewas only on aroutine tou

A workding visit and homage B. namal and reguar vist C supise

and impromptu chedk. D. unplanned encounter (2000-Q82)

35. In spie of her grim stuation, the young widow smaled dutuy

the visitor's pleasantries. A. unánd comments & sad stories

C. condolene messagesD. joaular rermarks (2000:Q84)

36. The presence of the security men in the areawil provide amome

of respite for the residents A enduring reprieve B temporan

rlef C. lasting seaurty D. sootthing relaaton (2000-Q85)

37. My father was at the apogee of hls areer when he was

retired. A. terminal point B. least productive stage

C. redundant stage D., highest point (2000:Q89)

38. The politidan's inflammatory remarks were heavily aiticzed.

A. The politidan's provocative remarks were heavily criticized

B. The politdcian's tribalisic remarks were heavily ariticzed.

C. The politiclan's bombastic remarks were heavily aiticized

D. The politicdan's rude remarks were heavily qiicize

(2000:Q96)

39. The events of last Friday show that there is no love lost bebweot

the Principal and the Vice-Prindpal. A They disike eachoh

57 B. They like each other C. They annot part Company.

D. They work independently. (2000:097)

40. Though he is our clected representative, he often takes

rather jaundiced view of our problems. A. He takes a rathe

hazy view of our problems. B. He takes a sickiy view of ou

problemsC He takes an unfavourable positlon concerning

our problems. D. He takes a rather forceful view of ou

problems. (2000:Q98)

4.. If he were here it could be more fun. A. There was no fun

because he was not present. B. He did not show up and s

the ocasion lacked much fun. C. He was belng expected to

supply more fun. D. He was expected but did not show upto

Iiven up the occasion. (2000:Q99)

42. When I visited James I only gave hirn-a congratulatory carc

on acoount of his promotion. A. AIl I did when I visite

James was giving a congratulatory card B. The only persor

I visted was James and nobody else. C. All I gave James

when I visited him was a congratulatory card. D, It was onl.

James that I gave a congratulatory card to. (2000:Q100)

43. Aties in cherishing the inibative and areative power of eac

person. A potertial B. mind C gift D. strength. (2001:031)

44. The Conference Centbe aters fo transients ony. A. pemanent

guess& termporayguestsCprofessionas D. rovies (2001:033)

45. Any hief executive of an organization would find radica!

changes blocked at every turm. A, innovations B. ldeas

C developrnents D. Suggesions (2001:Q36)

46. The solution lies in choosing between various negatłve

altermatives. A The solution les in choosing between the

positive and the negative. B. The solution can be found in

one of the negative options. C The soluion is a negative

one. D. The solutions are many. (2001:Q75)

47. Oche's chief idiosynrasy is a passion for pounded yam.

A. Oche has a penchant for pounded yam B. Oche's chicf

kes pounded yam C. Oche hates pounded yam. D. Oche's

hief hates pounded yam... (2001:Q76)

48.-"The man reasoned that there ought to be a limit to

sycophancy. A. People should know when not to use flattery.

•B. There can be no favour beyonda reasonable point.

C Sycophants should krnow when to grant people's request.

D. Sycophants need not talk all the time. (2001:Q77)

49. You must not attend the end-of-year party. A. You do not

have to decide wthether to attend the party or not. B. You

-have to deide whether to attend the party or not. C. It is

not necessary that you do attend the party. D. It is necessary

that you do not attend the party. (2001:Q78)

50. Adawo is an imp. A. Adawo behaves queerly B. Adawo

behaves differenty C Adawo behaves badly. D. Adawo

behaves decenty (2001:Q79)

51. Tortoises need ool dirmates and must have places where

they can hibermate. A reproduce B. hide at night C sleep

deeply D. relax (2002:Q46)

52. The Ereautive Searetary has just assumed office.

A. resumed work B. started work C returned D. been

Swom in (2002:Q55)

S3. The warring tribes have been told to parley with each other.

A observe a truce B. hokd talks C. sign a treaty D. suspend

hostilities (2002:Q56)

5A. Letusnotinduge in rearimination. A indicment B. acaisaton

Counteraasation D. unfounded allegation (2002:Q57)

55. Ingpite of his humble beginning, Audu now throws his weight

around. A Audu is arrogant despite his simple upbringing.

B. Despite his obvious poverty, Audu Is a proud man. C. His

noble birth notwithstanding, Audu is a comupt man: D. From

- his poor background,Audu is nowa rich man. (2003:Q26)

56. Ngozi has always considered her father to be an impassioned

man. A. Her father is a very lively man. B. Her father is an

emotional man. C. Her father is a disiplined man. D. Her

father isa very strit man. (2003:Q27)

57. The elders rebuked Olu for taking issue with his principal.

A Olu was cautioned for shouting at his prinipal. B. Olu

was scolded for acting in colluslon with his princpal, C. Olu

was reprmanded for arguing with his prinapal. D, Olu was

amed fer iksuing a statement derying his princpal. (2003:Q28)

58. The manager paid us in hard currency. A. We were paid in

new notes. B. We were pald un foreign currency. C. We were

paid In dollars and pound sterlıng. D. We were paid in a

strong and stable currency. (2003:Q29)

g 59, If he went to London, he would see the Queen.

A. When he goes to London, he will see the Queen,

B. He did not go to L.ondon and did not see the Quecn. C. He

did not sec the Queen when he vcnt to London. D. He would

like to sce the Queen when he goes to London, (2003:Q30)

60. The company is to shed threc thousand staff this year.

A, demote B. lay off C. throv up D. placate (2003:Q48)

61. The nurse was in favour of yoluntary euthanasia. A, a

pałnless dcath B. a simple operation C. a sleeping pill D, a

major operation (2003:Q53)

62. The government warns that drink-driving is punishable under

the law. A. Drinking and driving is an offence. B. Driving vhile

drinklng Is an offence. C. Driving while drunk is an offence.

D. A drunkard driving can be punished. (2004:926)

63. The lnvestigators stated cdearly that they had reached a dead

end in their scrutiny of suspects in the murder case, A. The

Investigators had evidence to sentence the suspects to death

in the end. B. The investigators did not know vhat to do with

suspects murder. C. The end had come for the suspects in

the murder case. D. There was no further progress in the

Investigation of the murder suspects. (2004:Q27)

64. Everyone was ready to play the deil'sacdvocate in the impeachmert

controversy. A. Everyone was willing to be an evil genius in the

Controversy. B. Everyone was wiling to fight for the defence less

citizens no matter the onsequences. C. Everyone was wiling to

defend an unpopular point of view concerming the impeachment.

D. Everyone was willing to speak against the impeacment to

encourage disaussion on it. (2004:028)

65. In many countries, democacy is ostensibly being practiced.

A. Many countries have demoracy in practise. B. Denoracy

is apparently practiced in many countries. C. Demoracy is

indeed being practiced in many countries D. Many countries

have effective demoracy. (2004:Q29)

66. Adamu's father is a key figure in that ministry. A. Adamu's

father is a figurehead in the ministry. B. Adamu's father keeps

the key to the ministry. C. The ministry trusts Adamu's father

as a cental figure. D. Adamu's father's position is essential in

the ministry. (2004:Q30)

67. It is a misnomer to call three thousand naira a living wage.

A. an appropriate term B.a wrong description C. a mishmash

D. an incontrovertible assertion (2004:Q50)

68. The town was in such a turmoil that the dance was called off.

A. rainy state B. mourning state C. state of confusion D. state

of darkness (2004:Q51)

69. The manager described Mfon asa man of vehement charater.

A. clever and helpful B. troublesome and noisy C. weak and

unlnterested D. strong and insistent (2005:Q37)

70. One thing I will not be complaining about in my new job isa

lack of excitement. A. The job is exciting B. The job is not

too exciting C. The job has been previously done D. The job
is bad. (2005:Q47)

71. If the trader paid in full, his order was not pruned down.

A. Unless the trader pald in ful his order would be rejected.

B. The trader who made full payment did not have his order

reduced. C. as the trader did not increase his order, he did

not need to pay in ful. D. The trader who made some payment

did not have his order delayed. (2005:Q48)

72. IfI visited England, I might go to Manchester City. A. I did

not go to England and could not go to Manchester City. B. I

Could not visit Manchester City because I did not want to go

to England. C. Whenever I visit England, I must go to

Manchester City. D, When I go to England, I could go to

Manchester City (2005:Q49)

The men were not pawns in someone else's political game.

73. A. They loved playing political games. B. They were used by

someone's political game. C. The action they executed was

their idea D. The men used someone else's plan. (2005:Q50)

74. The cdass was tired of the new boy jawing away all the time.

A. He talked continuously in the claSs. B. He was always

making trouble for the class. C. He was always chewing in

the glass D. He bit off people's jaws. (2005:Q51)

75. The man puts his foot down whenever he is convinced of his

acion. A. He makes his mark wherever he goes. B. He desires

to assert hs wll in the situation. C. He demonstrates finness

of character D. Hls attitude demonstrates someone who

likes to oppress others around him. (2005:052)

76. The Governor parrled all the questlons put to him tby the

joumalist A. The Governor evaded all the questions B, The

Governor mastered all the questions C. The Governor

answered all the questions brillantly. D. The Governor falled

all the questions. (2005:Q53)

77. The new Headmaster hoped that hls men would pull together. A.
He was certain that they would resign en masse. B. He yas

certain that their condition would improve under hlm C. He

epected that the men would cooperate with him. D. He thought

that the men would compose thenmselves at work. (2005:Q54)

78. The arisis ended as suddenly as it began. A. The crisis stopped

almost immediately. B. The crisis had suddenly began.

C. The crisis will stop immedlately D. The criss will not end

suddenly. (2005:Q55)

79. Ifthe rain hadnt fallen, we wouldnt have missed the match.

A The rain didnt fall, so we didnt watch the match. B. The

rain fell, so we watched the match C. The rain is faling, so

we will miss the match D. The rain fell, so wegidn't watch

the match. (2005:Q56)

80. In our college, the regulations concerning resists are a grey

area A. The regulations have just been revised. B. The fegulations

have often been ignored. C The regulations are perfecty dear.

D. The regulations are not very dear. (2006:Q5S)

81. Ogiri takes after his father; he fawns upon anyone with

influence. A. Like his father, Ogiri likes to flatter people with

influence in society. B. Like his father, Ogiri hates influential

people. C. Ogiri, who always follows his father, follows rich

and influential people about. (2006:Q56)

82. You are to write a report and give it to security office.

A. After writing your report, give it to security office. B. You

are writing a report, as the security office directed C. The

report you are writing should be given to the security office.

D. You have been ordered to write a report, which you will

give to seaurity office. (2006:Q57)

83. After the war, the victors became increąsingly vindictive.

A Vengeful attacks were incessanty carried out on those

who lost the war B. Friendly measures were taken to heal

the wounds. CRepressive measures were taken against

those who lost the war. Ď. Those who won the war became

treacherous. (2006:Q58)

84. The prefect reeled off the names of all the students who

broke the library law. A. The prefect gave a disjalnted list of

the students in the library. B. the prefect omitted the names

of the students who broke into the law library. C. The prefect

submiteda complete list of the students who stole library

books. D. The prefet gave an accurate list of the students

who disobeyed library regulations. (2006:Q59)

85. Iowe you far less than you owe me. A My debt to youisgreater

than yours to me. B. Your debt Is not much greater than mine C.

What we owe each other Is approximately the same. D.I owe

you something but You owe me much more. (2006:Q60)

86. The dispute over land acquisitlon has now come to a head.

A. The problem has reached arisis proportons. B. The problem

has now been referred to the headquarters. C. Because of

the dispute land acquisition has now been halted: D. Tile

problem has now been solved. (2006:Q61)-ç

87. Hehad hardly spoken when the bell rang. A. He foundit difiaut

to speak, and then the bell rang. B, When thè bell rang, he was

still speaking. C. The bell rang very soon after he spoke. D. He

spoke In a harsh manner and the bell rang. (2006:Q62)

88. I think she takes her guardian's support for granted. A. Her

guardlan has been helping her for a long time, and she is

very grateful to him. B. She wants her guardian to grant her

more support. C. She thinks.her guardian will no longer

Support her as he has been doing. D. Her guardian has

helping her for a long tme, but she does not shaw enOu

89. The class has fallenjn with the tescher's plans. A. The das

gratitude. (2006:Q63)

has lgnored the plans. B. The dass has rejedted the

C. The dass has acoepted the plars. D. The cass hasmo

the plans. (2006:Q64)

90. Because Jamiu Is so caslly offended, he was not conse

for the post of hesd boy, A, initable B. shubbom C .toubleso

D. dodle (2006:Q66)

91. His discovery of the vacdne became a quartum leap in the

search for a sdentific aure for the iness. A vctorfious bea

slow but steady step C.great improvement D. fast butsure

(2006:Q72)

92. Afterthe meeting. I read a leer on his face as he looked

woman. A. satisfying meanlng B. bad look C pleasa

Condition D. poor smile (2006:Q73)

93. The court brought out the fat that the elecbons wene

free and fair A. The court sakd that the elecions were

rigged B. The court xplained that the elections were m

marred C. The court made it dear that the eletons

not fiawless D. The court saw that the electons were pron

conducted. (2008:Q26)

94. The computer operator was sdked for inaompetence

A. The computer operator was saded for his foolishne

B. The computer operator was sacked for his laziness

C. The computer operator was sacked for ladk of sa

D. The computer operator was saded for lateness (2008-02)

95. He was a member of the think tank of previous adnistr. t

A. As an expert, he aitiásed governmert 8. He wasa

expert who gave advice to government C He was an enet

that govemment did not listen to D. As arn epert, govemmet

iust have taken to his advice. (2008:028)

96. In spite of various aritiisns, Bala stids to his guns A R

always goes out with his guns, ready to kàl B. People do nt

like Bala because he is violent C Bala is aitiised becaUsed

his bad behaviour tovwards people. D. Bala adheres to s

beliefseven when others do not agree ith him. (2008029)

97. Chike plays to the gallery whenever he rmeets a group af peg

A Chike plays well with people at the gallery B. Chike eso

play with people C. Chke seeks cheap poputarty DOe

shows distrust and hatred to people (2008-030)

98. Hekept a siff upper ip over the acidet. A. Hesustained injuy

on his upper lip B. He endured the misfortune wth ourage CHe

ould not talk because of the acodent D His friends deseel

him because of the accident. (200&031)

99. He had travelled the length and breath of. Afica, A Hemus

have travelled to some big dies of Africa B He had traeled

to many parts of Afica C. He had travelled to all parts o

Africa. D. He had travelled to al the villages and townsd

Africa (2008:Q32)

100. She wriggled out of her wedding gon. A, She could not

ake off her gown herself so she was asisted. R Her dres

got torn-because of the snake-ike pattern. C- No one au

have imagined that her dress was So tight D. I took

some time to remove her dose-fiting dress, (2008:Q3)

SOLUTION: EXERCISE II: INTERPRETATION OF WORDS

AND EXPRESSION

1B. Revulsion (n) =repulsion, disgust

2A. Compare: Fortress, stronghold, a tower of strength.

3B. The crOwd were not dlscouraged by the weather.

4C..Coudnt suggests impossibility.

58.: Compare: Annual, blannual

6C Only two of the ministers got thelr original posts

7D. Showing no sympathy/kindness/fear

8A. Compare: Ballet, mime

9D. Political- apolitical thelsm - atheism sexual - aseaal

10D. At ten exactly ten

By ten before (or at) ten but not later, Around/abou

ten = Approodmately ten

11C. You are not under obligation to agree

12D. Staggering (ad)=Overwhelming, astounding, astons

NOTE: Stagger (v) ordinarily means to move with unsteady

deos hence, be warmed not to choose (A) or (B), It has only

iteral mesning here

Stagger(v) =totter, reel

138. Trivial (ad)) = small and unimportant, trifling

Round (n) = Regular/fied series of activitles, routine

Check: Trivia.

14C. Chedk: Susceptitble

15C. Hypothetical satement see exerdse1074

sD Opion (D) is the sum of options (A) and (B) and you must

avoid the reflextive pronoun "themselves" in option (c)

Checklist: Mutual friend, mutually excdusve.

17A. A fake looks much like the original

Fake (n) = Counterfeit, imitation

Replica (n) = eat copy

(Related verb: Replicate):This replica s beautiful (good) but

it is a deception(decepthve)

18A. Bola only acquiesces in the request but she certainly is.

unwiling to grant it

Well =You can sit down anyway

YESIIdo mind adualy ButIdont like to grant the request

When you dont mind sth, you are ndt woried or contemed byit.

Ooion(C) would be omedt without"Wellin Bola's response.

19D, Opion(Cjisorinariy orrectbutitis pabiotisnand not patricts.

20A. Slide = Gradual ful/dedine reel (v) = stagger

218. To abuse sth is to use it in the wrong way (misuse)

To fabricate a lie is to ivent one.

Fabricate (v)= iment, make up.

22A. They arived at the last possible moment

23C To rest one's ase is to round it off.

24D. As kong as Napoleon says it, it must be ight

25D. Altemative speling = dhedkered

Opion (D) is the sum of opion (A), (B) and C)

Cheddist: On the up, on the up and up.

26D. Minefed=a paceorsiaton with latent dangerous difficulty.

NOTE:

1. Mine (o) has two meanings

a. a place from which mineral has been dug or being dug

b. bomb hidden under ground so as to epbde when

touched.

2 Minefied isa place where mines (b) are hidden so

option(A) sa temptation.

27A. Perfundory (ad)=donesa matter ofdty but nợt oUtofinterest

28A. The last word in sth = the best, the most recent, the most

fissionable, the most advanced ett. in sth.

98. Lawrefomsare prerequistepreondiionforfreeandfarelecions

30D. Hundreds= Many, used= old, second-hand

Go unde the hammer = to be aucioned

31C Opbon (A) has literal meaning only, avoid it

32C The troubled spots have been detected in spite of the fact

that the horizon is not yet dear

3C Wihul (ad) = headsrong, strong- willed, obstnate, obdurate,

unyiekding, recalcitrant

34B. See Q13

J5D. Joqular rermarks are funry and friendly.

Compare: banters, jibes, innuendo.

Jo8. Respite(n) = shot break/escape from, a relilet

NOTE: Respite also means reprieve (a delay before the

worst happens) but the word enduring" means lasting or

persistent in contrast to "moment

37D. Apogee (n) = Zenith, aane, peak, highest polnts, rest

Compare: Nadirn)
An "inflammatoryremark is not necessarily tribalsic,

bombastic, or rude but it certainly "provokes

39A. Dont be tempted by the double negative ho"andlost

G He is biased against us desolte his being our own

41D. The e ogcasion did d not lack much fun (option B) only that were

representative.

e present at the oacasion, he could have added more fun.

42A. Consider the following shift in the positioning of "only

L. Only when I visited James dd I give him..

Pieaning: The only tine I gave him the card was when

Tvislted and not some other time.

2, When I visited only James...Meaning: Optlon B

3. ...1 gave him only congratulatory card

Meaning I gave James only congratulatory card and nothing

clse.[Compare: Only I gave him congratulatory card]

43B, Initiative and creative power are products of the mind

44B. Translent (adj) = Temporary, fleeting, Impermanent

45A, Innovations = New ldeas, developrnents or suggestion

Introduced Into the ways of doing things.

Compare: Progressive, conservative

46B. One of the unfavorable optlons is the solutlon to the problem

47B. Theword "chlcf: (adj) here means "most important" and dont

confuse it with chief (n)

Penchant (n) = liking, indinatlon, propensity, pension, leaning.

Idlosyncracy (n) = Charateristlc, character, peculiar, nature,

48A. Checklist: Sycophant, toady, flatter(v)

49D. "Must" suggests a piece of advice.

50C, Check: A child throwing a tantrum

51C. Espelally in cold weather (winter)

528. To assume is to start, to resume is to Continue after a break

53B. Parley is a talk to end a dispute

A truce is the agreement to suspenda fight for a period of time.

54C. Recrimination is a response to an earlier accusation.

55A. Humble beginning/background does not necessariy suggest

grinding poverty as in(B)

568. Compare: Passionate, dispassionate, compassionate.

S7C. To take issue with sb is to disagree or ague with them.

58D: A currency Is said to be hard if it does not use its value easily

and is easy to be exchanged with curencies from other lands.

NOTE:1. Hard currency Is not foreign currency.

2. Legal terder is money legaly acceptable in a county.

3. "Hard drink

but not "hot drink with respect to

alcoholic drink (compare: soft drink).

59B. A hypothetical statement

60B. Compare: Redundant (adj), Redundancy (n)

61A. Euthanasia (n) = painless death, mercy killing

NOTE: 1., Euthanasia is legal (in some courtries and krelieves

the terminaly ill of their prolonged bout of pains.

2. Hospice is a hospital for the terminaly ill

62C. Drinkdriving is to drive after having drunk too much alcohol.

NOTE: 1. Dink-driving/drunken driving-(BrE)

2. Drunk driving -(BrE and AmĒ)

Compare: Drinker and drunkard; drunk and drunken.

63D. Compare: be at the end of one's tether/rope

64D. To play the devil's advocate is to express an opinion (not

necessarily yours) so as to encourage people to start disaussing

a subject.

65B. The key word here is "ostensibly" and it means the demogacy

being practiced is not ldeal but only appears to be so. Ostensibly

(adv) =apparenty, seemingiy

66D. Adamu's father's position is Indispensable to the minlstry.

NOTE: Afigurehead, though high-renked, holds no real power

or authority.
Ceremonlal Head of State President

(Parliamentary system)

67B. Mis=wrong, nom=name

Compare: Misname, Malaproplsm

68C. State of confuslon and anxiety.

69D. Vehement literally means "forceful:

70A, The job is exciting; I dont have to complain about that aspect

of the job.

71B. The key word here ls"prune" whích means to reduce or cut off

part of sth. Prunnlng (Agriculture) - Cutting branches of a

tree or plant.

72A. Expresslng a possiblity whlch did not happen in the past

73C. They were not used by others

74A. Check: Jaw(v)

Nigerian students union leaders are apt to say:

"We should jaw-iaw so that we would not war-war meaning

Confrontation with the school authority has only one antidote:

dialogue.

75B. His assertiveness Is only expressed In the situation of his

belng convinced of his action but not always as option (C)

seems to suggest.

76A. Parry(v) = dodge, evade, end off

T7C. The men would work with him without inflghting. 1

78A. The crises ended as soon as it began.

79D. Compare Exercise 1, Q2

80D. The regulations is not well deflned

81A. Compare: Toady, sycophant. 1

NOTE: Pawn on/over not upon

82D. The sentence suggests an order.or Instruction/a directlve.

83A, To be vindictive is to be vengeful

84D. To reel sth off or reel off sth is to say lt quickly and without

thought (and likely to be accurate)

85D. Compare: "To owe you for more than..." and optlon (A)

86A, It has reached a climax, a situaton where sth has to be done.

87C. The bell rang as soon as he began to sing

88D. She does not appreciate her guardian.

89C. To fill In with sth is to agree to It

90A.

91C. An important or sudden change/devlopment.

Quantum leap Quantum jump

92B. A leer could hae a bad or lascivious intent and in efther

case, it is an evil look.

93C The court's verdict was that the elections were flawed

94C. Competent skillful

95B. A think tank is a group or body of advisers/exprts on political

or economic issues

96D. Bala ls headstrong

97C. Idiomatic expression.

98B. He bore the misfortune with fortitude

99C. Option (D) woukdnt make sense

100D. To wriggle is to move out of sth with difficulty.

Exerise I: INTERPRETATION OF WORDS AND EPRESSION

1, Visitors who are observant do not outstay their welcome

A All visitors must be alert so as to know when to leave a

place B. Sorme visitors know when to leave a place so as to

make their hosts happy C Some visitors are unable to know

when their hosts do not want them around D. All visitors,

except a few, know when to leave a place. (2008:Q34)

2. The group had been made a scapegoat during the event.

A. Members of the group had been punished for a sin that

they did not commit B. Members of the group had been

blamed fora sin that they commited C. The group had been

punished so that no one woukd commit the sin again. D. The

group had been blamed merely to serve as a deterrent to

others (2008:035)

3 He went to the polls in defiance of sound advice and recorded

an abysmal performance. A. surpisingly good B. disappolntingy

bad C. medioare D. landslide (2008:Q53)

4. Our front door is always kept ajar. A. locked B. sealed

C. half-dosed D. permanently open (2008:Q56)

5. Tade has an aquiline nose. A. a large and curved nose B. a

wide and straight nose Ca big and polnted nose D. a small

and attractive nose (2008:Q62)

6. You're impossible she sald to me. A unreasonable B, unforgiving

C daft D. strong (2008:Q64)

7. I was being direted by my sixth sense all through the ordeal,

8. Antsligence B.judgement Cituton D. Imagination (2008:065)

It was our collective ldea but Ado was dolng everything to

steal the show. A. Ado was not part of the planning but he

tried to rub us of the benefits of it. B. We planned the show

together but Ado was trying to abort it. C. It was a joint

project but Ado is trying to attract the most attention D. We

collated the idea for the show but Ado was trying to steal the

9. programme (2009:Q26)

As we watched, he just popped along to the shop for some

bread. A. He has walked slowty to the shop. B. He stole

some bread from the shop but we could not stop him

C. He broke Into the bread shop before our very eyes

D. He went quickly to the shop for some bread (2009:Q27)

10. In all ramifications, Chief Adeyemi was a successful prinipal

of the school. A. He was party a fallure and party a success

B, Everyone admitted that he was largely successful during

his tenure C. He was not totally successful in the school

D. He tenure witnessed a huge success (2009:Q28)

11. I couldn't buy the biscuit because of the hold-up in the

Supermarket A. The shop had not opened B. The attendant

was slow C. Armed robbers were there

D. There was nobody to attend to me (2009:Q29)

12. You could have heard the sound, if you werent asleep A. You

were not aslecp so you heard the sound B. You were asleen

so you did not hear the sound C. You heard the sound thouah

you were asleep D. You did not hear the sound though you

were not aslcep (2009:Q30)

13. Musa will not do the job well because he has an itching palm,

A, He has rashes in hls palm B. He is always looking for

something to touch C. He is alvways ready to accept bribe D.

He is always tapping people on the back (2909:031)

14. Emeka was always conspicuous by his absence when it came

to attending lectures. A, That Emeka avays atterded ectures

made hlm conspicuOus at school B. Emeka's absence from

lectures was all too glaring C. It was obvious that Emeka

was not present at lectures D. What made Emeka cosplcuous

was his OCcaslonal absence from school (2009:Q32)

15. Hewas injured by friendly fire A. He was vounded in a vrar by

a friend of his who fired a shot mistakely B, He was injured by

a gunshot that was fired by a friend C. He vas hit in a way by

a weapon fired by his own side D.It was a war and he was hit

by a bomb fired by an unknown soldier (2009:033)

16. Kola visits us on occasions, and I don't ike that A. I do not

likeKola because he visits us only when an event is being

celebrated B. I hate the fact that Kola onty visits us when

something is being celebrated C That Kola does not visits us

often is something I object to D. Kola seldom visits us and

that is because he is fair weather friend (2009:034)

17. At the time I arrived, Olu was lyig in third place A. Olu's

third position coinided with my arrival. B. When I arived,

Olu was sleeping in the space reserved for himn CIt was a

competition and Olu was in third position when I arrived.

D.On myarival at the competon, Ouwertto seep (2009:Q35)

18. His amnesia has affeced his career A. los of focus B.'koss of

sight C. loss of money D. loss of direction (2009:063)

19, ThrOugh Mr Iro is our new dhaiman, he views other members

with jaundiced eye. A He takeS a sidky view of his members.

B. He takes a rathe hazy view of his members. C He takes a

rather foceful position on dealing with bismembers D. He takes

an unfavourable position concerning his members (2010-:Q26)

20. People are not interested in who rules, A. The rulers are not

Concerned about the people. B. People who rule are not

Interested in the ruled C. People are not ruled by the leaders

they want D. People are not concened about who ules

them. (2010:Q27),

21. It is always good to steer a middle course in whatever one

does. A. It is always good to move away from the forefront.

B. It is always good bo work very hard C. It Is always good to

get midway In anything one does D. It is always good to act

with moderation. (2010:Q28)

22. The witness sald he had no axe to grind with his brothers.

A. He had no axe and therefore borrowed their matchet. B.

He had no vested Interest in the brothers, C. He had no

hatred for the brothers, D. He had no axe and therefore

stole the matchet. (2010:Q29)

23. The footballers moved with their tails between their legs.

A. They were ashamed because they had been defeated.

B. They moved with their tails between their legs. C They moved

happly because they won their watch. D. They were unhappy

because they had been despised by their opponent. (2010:Q30)

24. The Headmaster managed to talk his way out of having to

give a speech. A. He managed to get himself out of a difficult

situation B. He managed to talk on his way C. He delivered a

speech despite the difflculty. D. He managed to gve a speech

out of a difficult situatlon. (2010:031)

25. As regards the matter, we have crossed the rublcon. A. We

are already qualifled. B. We are perfecty committed.

C. We are completely at a loss. D. We are Irrevocably

committed. (2010:Q32)

6 Uche is full of humself. A. He is a nch man, B. He is careful.

C He is conceited D, He is complete (2010:Q33)

) As debutants in that tourmament, the Super Eagles were up

agaınst ther first opponents by three goals to nil.

A. Even though the Super Eagles were playing without some

of thelr regulars, they won their match by three goals to nil.

8. As the best attackers in the match, the Super Eagles easly|

defeated their opponents by three goals or nothing. C. The

Super Eagles were playing in the tournament for the first

time. D. Though the Super Eagles were rated as the weakest

side in the tournament, they won their first match by three

goals to nil. (2010:034)

28. The woman was moumful as her husband was found dead

drunk. A, She was sad because her husband was drunk and

always as helpless as a dead man. B. She was mourning

because her husband drank and died. C. She was sad because

her husband was absolutely drunk D. She was apprehenslve

that her husband would drink again as soon as he recovered

from the drunken stupor. (2010:Q35)

29. Kaltume crouched over the papers on her desk. A. walked

over B. bent over C. wrote on D. stood on (2010:056)

30. Laraba saw a forlon litde flqure siting outside the dass.

A Wise and intelligent B. lonely and unhappy C. sInart and

healthy D. short and ugly. (2011:Q38)

31, If he were here, could be more fun. A. He was expected but

did not show up to make the occasion lively. B. There was

no fun because he was not present C He did not show up

and so the occasion lacked much fun D. He was being

expected to supply more fun (2011:Q41)

32. The seretary said that the postponement of the meeting

was due to unforeseen circumstances. A, The date of the

meeting was shifted as a result of unexpected reasons.

B. The meeting's date was put off for stange reasons.

C The meeting was called as a result of obstades hitherto

unknown. D. The meeting broke off as a result of unusual

difficulties. (2011:Q42)

33. The hunter has a bird's eye view of the animals. A. He views

animals from a high position. B. He views the bird's eye.

C He views the birds on tree with one eye. D. He watches

animals and birds dosely (2011:043)

34. Even though Susan was the last in the examination, her result

wasn't tOo different from what had been expected. A. Her

result was poor. B. Her result was a disappointment C. Her

result was as xpected D. ee had not been serious with

her studies (2011:Q44)

35. Mrs. Adasu does all her work with more haste, less sped.

A. She acCepts whatever she does with more haste and speed.

B. She approaches whatever she does hurriediy. C. She

addresses everything she does very quickly to avoid mistakes.

D. She does everything carefuly to void mistakes. (2012:Q45)

36. She stopped her education as her unde left her in the lurch.

A Her unde deceived her. B. Her unde disinherited her. C. Her

unde refused to help herD. Her undedsrespected he: (2011:Q46)

37. The plan to upgrade the dispensary to a general hospital

did not materialize. A. The plan did not meet the required

specifications. B. The arangement did not work out as

wished. C. It was difficult to obtain the materlals. D. The

materials purchased were not the right ones. (2011:047)

. Okon's ompany took a hit last year. A. His company Improved

last year. B. His company made a huge success last year.

CHis company was badly damaged last year. D. Hls Company

was estatblished last year. (2011:Q48)

S9. My eldest son, who is in Lagos, studyng English. A. Only my

son isin Lagos studying English B. My only son is in Lagos studyng

English C One of my sons is in Lagos studying English D. My sons

are in Lagos but anly one is studying English. (2011:Q49)

U. IfI went to the village I would visit the king. A, IfI go to the

illage, I will visit the king. B. I did not go to the village and

I did not visit the king. C. All the times I went to the village

Ialso visited the king D.I will visit the king when I go to the

vilage. (2011:Q50)

Hardworking students must not have a finger in every pie at

school. A. Hardworking students must particıpate in all

activities in the school B. Only hardworking students must

partlcipate in all activitles in the school. C. Hardworkıng

students do not participate in all activities in the school

D, Hardworking students nust ask others to particpate in school

activities. (2012:Q26)

42. The vice chancellor is riding the crest of the last quarter of hs

administratlon, A. The vice chancellor enjoys the

acknowledament of the success of his adminıstration. B. The

vica chanccllor does not enjoy the people's criticisn of his

administration. C. Thc vlce chancellor hopes to overcome soon.

the poor comments on hls administratlon. D. The vice chanCellor

does not talk of hls success In office. (2012:Q27)

43. She was absolved by the court from the charge.

A. She was convicted for the charge. B. She was blamed and

charged to court. C. Her case was resolved by the court

D. She was declarcd free from the charge. (2012:Q28)

44. The landiord Is fond of throwing his weight about

A. The landlord likes healthy exercise. B. The landord is

overwelght. C. The landlord glves order to people. D. The

landlord ls respected by his tenants. (2012:Q29)

45. The company ought to have issued warrants for one billion

shares. A. The company has issued one billion shares.

B. The management expected the company to issue more than

one billion shares. C. Members of the company bought less

than one billion shares D. The company did not issue one

billion shares. (2012:Q30)

46. He needed not to have played in the position of quarter back

in volley ball. A. He participated in the game in his unusual

position. B. Nobody expected him to have participated in the

game C. He wanted to play in a position other than the one

he was offered D. Someone did not want him to play in the

position that he played (2012:Q31)

47. I wouldnt have responded to his rude talk, if I were you

A. The advice was taken by the respondent, so he did not

respond to talk B. The adviser put himself in the respondents

position, so he did not respond to the tak C. The respondent

replied to the speaker's talk, although the ought not have done

So. D. What was advisable was that the respondent gave it

back to the speaker. (2012:Q32)

48. He could not speak out because he had a feet of cday A. His

feet was muddy B. He was weak and cOwardly C He was

clumsy and lazy D. He was shy and imid (2012:033)

49. The player wasted a golden opportunity during the penalty

shoot out. A. The player first hit the bar B. The player did not

score the shot C. The player scored the shot that made them

win the gold cup. D. Instead of a silver cup, they received the

golden one. (2012:Q34)

50. As far as Abu is concermed, Mero should be given ffty naira at the
most A. A Abu is saying is that Mero probabhy deserves more

than fifty naira and not less BAll Abu is concemed with is that

Mero should be given noing more than fifty naira C In Abus

estimation, Mero merits not more than fifty naira D. In Abu's

oplnon, Mero deserves fifty naira or probably more. (2012:Q35)

51, Akin is an inveterate gambler. A. a selfish and self-centred

B. an extremely unlucky but popular C an incurable but fearful

D. a long time and incorrigible. (2012:Q56)

52. The student's union leader delivered his speech extempore.

A. out-of-hand B. off the cuff C. accurately D. courageously

(2012:Q61)

53. His story gave us an inkling of what he passed through during

the strike. A, a possible ldea 8. a taste C. a summary D. the

right view (2012:Q62)

54. People are not interested in who rules A. People who rule are

notinterested in the ruled B. The rulers are not indifferent about

the people C. People are indifferent about the rulers D. People

are not ruled by the people they are interested in. (1995:Q30)

In each of questions 55 to 64, choose the mostappropriate

option opposite in meaning to the word(s) in italis.

55. It is entirely up to you to make a profession of your falt

A. confess your belief B. turn your faith into a busines

C dery your fath D. loudy prodaim your religjon. (1993:Q35)

S6. Hewon the election because he was able to carry his people

with him, A, allenate his people B. go out with the people

C. have the support of the people D. fail to provide the people

with transport. (1993:Q37)

57. They often quarreled before leaving the house but made it

yp by the time they returned home. A. added It up B. reaoncled

C fell out D. compounded the problem (1993:038)

58. We have found that cassava is a slne qua non Item in our

Industry. A. useful B. Indispensable C. useless D. dispensable

(1993:Q42)

59. Ass90n as the headmaster appcared, the chanting resumed.

A. Immediatcly B, Much later C. Soon after D. Almost as.

(1994:Q36)

60. The elderly often fulminate agalnst the apparent indolence

of the young generation. A. protest bittely about B. complain

seriously about C. promote vigorously D. commend warmly.

61. The masses are controlled by the whtmsand capríces of

thelr rulers. A. wish B. parochialism C. willpower D. level-

headedness (1995:Q41)

62. Bala was put off by Lanre's çoquettish behaviour towards

him. A. unfiendly advantage B. invitng and friendly acvances

C. quarrel some attude D. interesting attude. (1997:Q32)

63. Traveling in the night can be an grdeal. A a great exercise B. a

great fear C.agreat endurance D. a great pleasure (1998:038)

64. The girl's idiosyncrasy was a passlon for bread and butter.

A stupid outburst B. general tendencyC singular dharacteristic

D. ocaupational caling. (1998:047)

Select the option that best explains the lnformation

conveyed in each sentence.

65. The Lions lost the match because their goalkeeper was in a

hazę most of the time. A. indisposed B. confused C. alert

D. sleeping. (1987:Q28)

66. Adeola doesn't have to go to the farm today. A. Adeola may

go to the fam today if he so wishes. B. Adeola ought not to

have gone to the farm. C Adeola must not go to the farm

today. D. Adeola should notgo to te farn today. [2014:0Q42]

67. The robber was hedged iIn by the people. A. The robber was

Surrounded by the people. B. The robber was killed by the

people. C The robber was exposed by the people. D. The

robber was caught byy the people. [2014:Q44]

68. Amedu's actions provoke severe critiism A. His acions were

seriously rejected B. His actions were severe and accepted

C His adtions were itemized because he was young D. His

actions provoked the humour. [2016:Q37]

69. I havent seen the movie and my brother hasnt either A.I

have seen the movie but neither of my brother have B. My

brother and I havent seen the movie.

COnly my brother has seen the movie D. I was the only one

that has seen the moie. (2016:Q38]

70. Sule would have been given the ar If his father had not

Complained. A. He wasnt given the car because his father

complained. B. He was given the car because his father

Complained C. His father complained about the car and he

was given D. He was given the car even though his father

didnt complain. [2016:Q39]

71. Adayi cannot halt the march of tlme. A. She ls willing to

march on B. She cannot change the way things happen

C. She halts the march on time D. She cannot alter the

peace march. [2016:Q40]

2. Ado is one of the backwoodsmen. A. He is one of those that

live in a distant and underdeveloped area. 8. He is one of

the active members of the community C. He is one of the

honest men that live in the community D. He Is one of those

that live in the most developed part of the dty. [2016:Q42]

73. Kasim would have attended the party if he had been invited.

A. He would not have attended even If he was invited

B. He attended the party before he was invited C. He was

not invited and so he did not atend D. He attended the

party without invitation. [2016:045]

SOLUTION: EXERCISE M: INTERPRETATION OF WORDS

AND EXPRESSIONS

- To outstay one's welcome ls to stay longer than one's host

can tolerate.
2A. See also fall gut

3B. Abysmal (adj) =ternble, extremely bad

4C. or half-open

SA. Aquiline nose is thın (not large) and curved like an eagle's

Compare: Equine

6A. Sbis impossible if he is difficult to deal with especialy

hen they make unreasonable demands or suggestions.

7C. A speclal fceling to know things vrithout using any of the

five sense organs namely eyes (sight) ,nose (smell),

tongue(taste), cars(hearing) and skin(feefing).

8C. Option (C) ls option (A) without the "not'

9D. To pop along is to go somewhere quickly or for a brief

period of time.

10D. "Everyone admitted" is not ímplied in the original staterment

hence, avoid option (B)

11B. If the attendant was slovı, it would certainhy lead to hold uo

In the supemarket.

128. Compare Exercise 1. Q2

13C. Compare: light-fingered]

14B. Emeka's absence at letures was alvrays noticeable.

15C. Options (A) and (B) are too literal and must be avoided.

16C. "On occasion" in the original statement means occasionaly

or not often but it does not imply sodal functions as tn opbons

(A) and(B). Also, the speaker does not hate Kola himsef (as

option A suggests) bưt hates Kola's action of not visting

regularty.

17C. Competion is implied in the sentence.

18C. Amnesia İs a medical condition in which one loses one's

memory.

19D. or biased position

20D. it doesn't matter to people who becomes their ruler.

21D. It is good to exercise caution in one's deal.

22C. He has no score to settle with his brother

23A. They had low self esteem after being defeated.

24A. The diffiauit situation was to give a speech but he fended It of.

25D. Our decision is now ireversible

26C. Uche is arogant.

27C. Compare: Debut(n)

28C. "Dead" as used here is adverbial in function (not adjectival)

and is not related with the.verb to "die. This adverb means

completely, totally, extremely or very.

298. Also Compare, Crouch and Squat.

308. Checklist: Forlom look, forlorn hope.

31C. Options (A) and (B) are misleading because the original

sentence lmplies the occasion was lively or had fun but only

that his presence ould have added more.

32A, Compare: Unforseen contingencles

33A, See also: Eagle eye (n), eagle-eyed, hawkeyed.

34C. Note the use of double negative: wasnt/different.

35D, And without the mistakes she finishes a task sooner then

when in haste as more haste which is likey to cause mistakes

will only slow her down.

36C. To leave sb in the lurch is to refuse to help them

37B. Or it did not come to fruitlon

38C. Compare: hlt it blg, hit the buffer.

39C. The superlative adjective "eldest" suggests more than one

Son.

40B. It is just a hypothetical statement.

41C. Cheddist: Have sEveral irons in the fre, bumthe candle at bothendS

42A. Also: "...enjoys the support."

43D. Absolve (v) Exculpate, exonerate

Compare: Acquit, convict.

44C. He uses his position of authority to an advantage

450. The key word In the original sentence is "have" and without
it the expression has some other meaning. What should be

done or what has/has not been done.

e46A. Compare Q45 above. Any similarity?

478. The speaker was not involved in the verbal exchange

48B. Note that "cowardly" encapsulates "shy and "timld"

49B. He missed the special opportunity to score the shot.

50C. Compare... fifty naira at least.

S1D. Akin is unlikely to głve up the habit of gambling.

s2B. Extempore speech is delivered without previous preparatlon

or thought it is made on the spur of the moment.

Related Verb.: Extemporize/Extemporise

Related Noun: Extemporizatlon (-satlon)

Extempore (adj) m Impromptu

Check: Glib (ad)) (glibly (adv)]

S3A. Inkling (n) = Insight (into).

S4C. To be indifferent Is to show no interest or concern.

sSC. To profess sth is to publicly affirm it.

Compare: Admit, renounce, denounce, repudlate.

S6A. To camy sb with oneslf is to get them Irvolved in what one does

Alienate (v) = Estrange.

57C. To make it upis to recondle/settle dispute or difference with sb.

Fall out to begin to have quarrel with sb.

58C. Sine qua non = indispensable, useful

598. As soon as = immediately

60D. Fulminate To be angry

61C. To have willpower or be strong-willed is to have unwavering

strength of will to carry out one's wishes rather than being

easily swayed by other's whims and caprices.

62C. To be coquettish is to be flirtatious

63D. Ordeal(n) = a painful or trying experience

Compare: Travail, trauma

648. Idiosyncrasy singular characteristic or personality

Compare: Peculiarity, eccentricity, foible, habit, mannerism,

oddity, quirk, vagary.

65B. Cheddist: Hazy, doudy, nebulous.

66D. Adeola need not go to the farm today

67A. Compare: Hedge around/about; hem in

68A. "Critiism " here implies rejection

69B. OR; Neither my brother nor I have seen the film.

/OA. His father complained and he was not given the Ar

71B. March of time = Passage/course/progress of time.

72A. Dont write as "backwoodmen; noice the presence of 's

Compare: Backwoods

3C Compare: Had he not been invited, he wouldnt have attended

the party.

Somb Sees

s RemPSqESIos and A

Answers on Englsh

CHAPTER 16

COMMON MISTAKEs IN ENGLISH/FIXED EXPRESSIONS.

1. Ashe was still owing me two Nalra, I was areful not to him

any more money A. lend B. loan C. borrow D. extend

E. Credit (1978:Q54)

They. receive visitors at short notice A, use to B, are used

2. C used to D. are always E. are use to. (1978:063)

3. For he is secretary, we shall not have correct minutes

hecause B. as long as C. so long D. in as muchE, although

4 Before we left thhe airport, each passenger was made to

(1978:Q65)

certain forms. A, fill l in B. write in C. enter in D. flew down

E stopped. (1978:Q73)
s We should take care the robbers come back A. may be

should in case C. perhaps D. probably E. In case

(1978:090) your offlice? A. are leaving B. do

6 Isnt it high time you

leave C. leave D. left E. did leave (1978:Q93)

7. Mr. Thomas talked about the successes of his institute

in the past year A. at a great length B. for great length C. at

areat length D. for a great length E. at great lengths

(1979:Q44)

R The members of the panel were A. discussing about it

B. discussing on it C. discussing upon it D. discussing it

E. discussing around it (1979:046)

0 This writer analyses the evils of the soclety A. SO

masterly B. very masterly C. in such a masterty way D. in a

masterly way E. in SO masterly away (1979:Q47)

10. It wasa long poem but he learmt it A. off head B. in

memory C. by heart D. at heart E from memory (1979:049)

11. We ought to stay away the robbers come back.

A. Drovided B. should incase C. although D. in case E. since

(1979:Q78) A. hour of

12, Tkorodu is not far from here, it is only an

driving B. hour's drive C. hour by driving D. hour in driving

E hours drive. (1979:081)

13. I istime we A. should be going B. ought to go C, are

going D. went E. go (1979:Q84)

14. You to know better than illiterate farmer A. are suppose

B. are supposed C. suppose D. have supposed E. are supposing

(1979:Q89)

15. The Executive President honoured the messenger with the

Grand Commander of the Niger award his industry and

meritorious service to the nation. A. on recognition of B. in

gratitude for C. in recognition to D. by recognition of E. in

recognition of (1979:Q95)

16. A society individuals each of whom has his attributes

and diştint characteristics. A. is constituted of B. comprises

of C consists of D. Contains ofE. is made from (1979:Q98)

17. Olukayode.......as a mechanic when he was young, but now

he is a driver A. had been working B. used to work C. would

Work D. wOuld have worked E. had worked (1980:Q30)

o. Ir we went to any European county,.. Britaln, we should

need and substantial arnount of money to pay our way A. like

B. letus say Casan example D. like say E. if we say (1980:Q32)

I9, The horse is a winne...... A, you can take that from me

D. you can say I say so C. you can take my word for it D. it Is

ny word against theirs E. you may or may not belleve it

(1980:Q33) are too high for us A, you lent me B. you

20. The pices.

yuoced C you attended D. you gave me E. you want to buy

21, The method... does not give the expected results. A. you

(1980:Q41)

ecommended B. vOu visited C. you told D. you sent me

2. Oxygen is necessary to life. Nothing can live without it. It was

E. you wanted (1980:Q42)

entury ago, A. invented B. found out C, discovered

D. learnt E. extracted. (1980:Q43)

and....... Musa A was, does B. So S, SO

C4C. so was, does D. he is, he did E. so he is, so he

a student

i afrad you Carnn this telephone; it is .....A. out of

t:t (1980:Q46)

order B, In order C for arder D. atorder E. withorder (1980:048)

25. Must you alvways..... lies? Why dont you.... the truth for

once? A. speak B. say C. talk D, tell E. utter (1980:050)

26. Could I ring him up? I'd rather you.....A. visit him B. visited
hlm C. would vist him D. visiting him E. will visit hlm

(1980:Q57)

27. Shall we go to the Unlon meetng? No, thank you, 1 do nơt

feel like..... anywhere A. go B. going C. to go D. to have

gone E. went (1980:Q62)

28. I was able to...... Olu my book because he promised to

return it the following day A. borrow B. gve C. lend D. lease

E. Secure (1980:Q82)

29. No s0oner had the examination ended.. the students stared

vacating the halls of residence A. when B. that C. than

D. before E, and (1980:Q87)

30, The Chairman ruled the impertinent speaker ....A according

to order B. out of order C. contrary to order D. disorderty

E. Corecty (1981:Q27)

31. He b0ught a typewriter witha view...... to type A. to learning

B. to leat C to be leaming D. to be leart E. to have leamt

(1981:Q33)

32. It is time we...... this (Iresponsible member A epel B. are

to expel C. will expel D. are expeling E.expelled (1981:Q34)

33. Although he was invited.. he was not welome. A. but

B. yet C. so D. since E. because (1981:Q38)

34. Exuse me, do you mind....smoke? A. bease B. if

C. since D. while E. against (1981:049)

35. Without. words he acaused him dírectly of treachery

A. amending B. modifying C. mixing D. mincing E meaning

(1981:Q51)

36. He is easily the.. of the lot A brightest B. brighter

C more bright D. most brightest E. most brigtt (1981:Q52)

37. We left.... U.S.A, and arossed..... Alantic Ocean

to....Europe A. the/thef--B.

-C

/the D. the-a EJanf--- (1981:060)

38. He devoted himself...homeless children A. to helping

B. tohelp C. by helping D. with helping E heping (1981:Q66)

39. I wish I ... to Swim when I was younger. A. had learnt

B. learm C. learnt D. was learning E have learnt (1981:Q70)

40. It was a blind alley. I could not walk any...A. far B. farthest

C. furthest D. farther E. further. (1981:Q73)

41. My younger brother looked ill last night, and was evidentiy

this morming A. worse B. Worst C. more ill D. learner

E. brighter. (1981:Q80)

42. Joe had found a flat, so...... he will not be sleeping here,

even if he still comes for meals. A. lastty B, least C last D. at

last E. at least (1981:Q78)

43. I was in such a hurry, I didnt have ime to....... Hello' A, tell

B. speak C. talk D. say E. utter. (1981:Q79)

44. The old shoemaker at the corner of our street is .... SO I

hope you will patronize him. A., mine shoemaker B. a tight

friend C. a good austomer D. my qustomer E. a dose friend

(1982:Q28)

45. You can go on;I... what you are saying. A. am understanding

B. may be understanding C. was understanding D. will be

understanding E. understand (1982:Q38)

46. I have refused to give him my pen because I dont want him

to... it again. A. loss B. loose C kse D, lost E. lend.

(1982:040)

47. We were all delighted when the beautiful lady in our house...

bouncing baby boy. A. delivered B. bom C. brought forth

D. gave birth to E. gave bath to (1982:041)

48. The wicked boy threwa stone at the bird smashing.. two

legs. A. its 8. it's C.it D, is E, its (1982:Q44)

49. Would you mind... the door, please? A. to shut B. to be

shutting C. shuting D. to have been shuttng E. to have shut

(1982:Q50)
50, I am not used to ....on left. A, drive B. having driven

C. driving D. have driven E. being driving (1982:Q60)

51. F: Can I cdean this old engine in the sitting room?

T:I Would rather.... it In the garage. A. you deaned B. you

are cleaning C yOu clean D. you wil dean E, didnt dean

(1982:062)

52. I shall travel to Lagos by.., nest week. A, alr or wlth lorry

B. alrraft or by road Calrways or by bus D. alr or by road

E. flight or by bus (1982:Q32)

53. There was a loud bang..... we thought it was the televíslon,

but it wasnt, A, at last B. at flrst C. at least D. at the

moment E. at present (1982:072)

54, After the initdal confuslon, the Manager's suggestlon

brought... to the depressed Investors. A. a glitter of hope.

B. a glimmer of hope, C.a sparkle of hope D, a raise of hope

E. a shower of hope. (1983:Q35)

55. Theyoung lacy decdded to...A. do away with the many advices

given by her relatives B. reject all the advices glven by her

relatives C. reject all the advice given by her relations

D. take to all the advices glven by her relatlons E. eject all

the advices given by her relatives. (1983:037)

56. One of the old men...round the lawn three times every

evening. A. use to run B. are use to run C. is used to running

D. are used to run E. are used to running. (1983:047)

57. This Conference is designed to enable delegates...helr

personal lnterests with spedalists In varioUs field's. A. to

discuss about B. discussing C. to discuss D. for discussing

E. by discussing. (1983:Q49)

58. The lazy candidates suggested that it. A. Is time we do

away with JAMB B. was time we do away with JAMB C. İs

time we did away with JAMB D. was time we did away with

JAMB E. is time we are done away with JAMB. (1983:052)

59. Candidates who are not acustomed to...fast will find it dificút

to finish this paper. A. write B. have written C. be writing

D. writing E. having written. (1983:Q56)

60. Do you mind.. another minute or two? A. to wait B. wait

C. waiing D. having awaited. E. being awaited. (1983:Q57)

61. North Africa is...than Northern Europe. A. hotter B. more hot

C more hoter D. the hottest E. hot: (1983:060)

62. I.. a lot when I was a student A, Used traveling B. was used

to travel, C used to travel D. used travel E, was used to

traveling. (1983:Q61)

63. I amn looking forward to...you A. seeing B. see C. have seen

D. will see E. be see. (1983:063)

64. I always prefer the theatre..the dnema. A. than B. then C. on

top of D, before E. to. (1983:Q66)

65. He acs... he were a manager. A. like B. such as C. such D. as

E. as if. (1983:Q67)

66. He is very tired, He realy is... staying up late. A. getting

used to B. not used to C. got used to D. used to E. being

used to. (1983:069)

67. There is not..sense in whattc politician has just said

A. many B. plenty C. lot of D. much E. big. (1983:078)

68. He used to play tennis, bứt he doesnt...A. as of ħow B. any

longer C. again D. presentiy E. since. (1983:Q88)

69. If you keep playing with this door handle, it wll get.....

A. loose B. lose C. lost D, loosing E. loosed. (1984:Q59)

70. If only I ... insured! But I wasn't. Now, I have to pay a lot of

money. A. am B. have beenC had been D. would be E. was

to be. (1984:068)

71. Do you mind ifI wait for the reply? I'd rather you...agaln

tomorrow. A. called B. will call C. an all D, call E, were

alling. (1984:069)

72. Give me a minute to think. I can't remember the answer.....

A. Out of hand B. ahead C. ofhand D. to hand E. off head

(1984:Q73)

73. Our Uterature Master said that he would show us a film on

Macbeth. The film will.. A. worth seeing B. worth seelng It

C be worth to see D. be worth seeing E. be worthy

seeing.(1984:Q75)

74. It was a funny episode, soI ... A, can't help to laugh.

B. COuldnt help laugh C. couldn't help laughing D. couldn't

help to laugh E. cant help laughing. (1984:Q85)

75. The boy thought that driving a car was not..dangerous than

riding a bicyde. A. so very B. partcularly C. very D. any more

E. any (1985:Q88)

76. I can qulckly recite the National Anthem...now A. offhead

8. off by heart C. at hand D. offhand. (1986:078)

77. If you want peace, you... prepared for war. A. had better B.hve

better C. had better got D. had better get. (1986:087)

78. I forgot to bring a pen with me. Would you please...me YOurs

A. borrow B. loan C. provide D, lend. (1986:098)

79. If you are golng to the market, may I..please? A. follovt you

B. come withh you C, come by you D. Come as your secon

(1986:Q99)

80, Owing to the constant harassment of the populace by atm

robbers, all nlght guards have been Instructed to shoot ... every

moving things A. at slght D. by sight C. in slght D. off sob

(1987:Q58)

81. The Arst graduation ceremony of the university was attended

by men from al..of lfe, A. works B. areas C. walks D, 0arte

(1987:Q60)

82. ...guests enjoyed Joy's birthday party A. The vhole B. Al he

C. Every D. Those very (1987:Q61)

83. My.brother Intends to get marrled In December. A. senior

B. elder C. older D. oldest. (1987:Q64)

84. The...Affalrs Officer is expecting all of us in the đining room.

A. Sudent B. Student's C. Students D. Students' (1987:0651

85. ...at9.30 for more news, sald the announcer A, Svitch on

B. Tune in C. Hook on D. Channel In (1987:068)

86. Myboss is usually a charming man but..he an be very irnitatle

A. atimes B. at times C. those times D. with times. (1987:075)

87. We surely ought to have an...arrangement in case somebody

discovers the present strategy. A. alternate B. alternating

C alternative D. alternant (1987:Q76)

88. I shall be with you presently A. now.B. in a moment C at

present D. for the time being (1988:Q54)

89. Are you sure he prefers a horse ride...a walk? A. than to take

B. to taking C. instead of take D. than (1988:Q66)

90. ... to your request, we have decided to provide the necessary

information A. As regards B. With regards C. With regard

D. Regarding (1988:Q67)

91. That old lady prefers...bread.cdothes A to bake/than making

B. to bake/to making C. baking/to making D. baking/than to

make (1988:074)

92. I have been trying to locate you ... A. since five days B. five

days now C. since five days now D. for five days. (1988:Q77)

93. The whole class looked forward to ... Kanji Dam at Christmas.

A. visiting B. visit C. be visiting D. a visit (1988:Q79)

94. I know you think I'm talking nonsense, Shehu, but .. you'l

realize that I was right. A. at one time B. on timeC in time

D. at timnes (1988:Q81)

95. I know that your friend will not accept the proposal ... A, and

you neither B. and neither you C. neither do you D. neither will

you. (1988:084)

96. When I have an appaintment with someone, I hate... waiting

A. to be keeping B. for being kept C. being kept D. in being

kept. (1988:Q87)
97. It's no good...about the resut until you have sat for the

examination. A. to worry B. for worrying C. worying D. to have

Worried (1988:Q88)

98. If you don't want to ... your car to robber, then don't travel in

the nlght. A. loose B. loss C. lose D. lost (1988:Q89)

99. The events reported In the newspaper did not happen years

ago; they ...A. are of recent B. had happened recently C. are

recent D. recently happened (1988:Q91)

100. Iam..[A seeking on B. seeking for C. seeking at D. seeking]

admisslon to the unlversity this year. (1999:053)

SOLUTION: CHAPTER 16

COMMON MISTAKES IN ENGLISH/FIXED EXPRESSIONS

1A. "Lend" involves glving while "borrow" is taking. You lend sb

your money or borrow their money: or they lend you their

money or they borrow your money.

Compare: respectful and respectable; contemptuous and

contemptible

2C. They did receive visitors on short notice in the past but no

longer do sO nowadays.

NOTE:

. "used to expresses a regular action in the past but now

jettisoned

Pattern: Used to + do sth.

3. Negative: Dldn't Use to, Used not to

A, Interrogative: Use you to?

5. Never say "I sse to to represent an actlon whlch still

OCCurs in the present,

6.The pattern "be used to doing sth epresses what one is

now lamlliar with or Inured t0.

Be + used to + verb +ing.

7. The "to' in (6) is not "to Infinitive but "to the preposition

as in Chapter11, Exercise 1 Q1
The "be" in (6) could be am/ls/was/are/were,

18. This question targets the eror in opion (D).

NOTE:

The "forat the beginning of the sentence is not necessary.

2, As long as = so long as

ANever omit the preposition "In" from "fll in certain forms

E. Shoukd = In case.

is no less tautologlal to say "I annot be able" than to say

should in case. Both are errors.

sD. Consider the patterns:

tis high/about time to leave

It is high/about time you/we/I left

x. At length or at great length (no article is involved)

on Discuss does not require a preposition.

But: you discuss sth or you disCuss with sb

on Ootons (A) and(B) take "masterly" for an adverb (to modify

the verb analyses) whereas it is an adjective (meant to qualify

a noun), its ending -ly notwithstanding.

Ootons (C) and (E) must invariably introduce a main cause:

*in such masterty a way (that) he received a standing

vation,

NOTE

L. In ogion (D) masterly qualifies the noun way' and it does

not require to make a main dause from the original

sentence.

2. Cowardly, motherly, rascally, miserty etc. are adjectives

(forrned from nouns) and they are not adverbs.

10C. You leam by heart, commit to memory, recite offhand (not

off head), young at heart, in memory of, to the memory of sb.

1D. See Q5

128, Also: bHO days' joumey; five weeks' wages; six hours' drive;

six- hour drive

Compare; harm's way, stone's throw

13D. See Q6

148. Pattern: be + supposed + to+ Infinitive.

15EConsider the following common phrases: in accordance with;

by means of; with respect to; on ground of; in leu of; in spite

of; with a view to; with/in regard to, on behalf of; by dint of;

by virtue of; on account of; with reference to; in gratitude for.

Option (B) is ordinariy correct with the same meaning and

eftect option (E), it shouldn't have been there in the first place.

NOTE: Comprises and contains require no preposition after

them.

178. See Q2

lo ate example, you use the expression "let us say' ( or let's

say) or just "say".

out also: I have been to many European countries like

Germany and Spain.

19A, This S expresslon is used to emphasize that what you say Is

ue/correct. Neglect option (C)

8. Aso: You quote ea customer a price for sth/for doing sth.

2 You recommend sth when you Suggest it.

*discovered" sth which is naturally occurring but hitherto

unknown to others but you "invented a new thing which

never existed naturally.

"Long before modern ships were invented, Mungo Park

lad discovered thn source of River Niger.

Consider the Construw s in the negative:

om not a studei., neither is Musa; I didnt leave for the

university, neither did Musa

I am not a student, Musa isnt either; I dldnt leave for the

university, Musa didnt either.

24A. To be "out of order" Is "not to be viorking properly/correcty.

250. You only "tell" a lle, you dont say/speak It. But you can
tel/speak the truth.

26B. Paterns with rather:

1. Noun t would rather + Noun + Past tense

•I would rather they atended the party

1, Noun+ would rather + Infinitve

l would rather visit him.

278, You feel like sthydoing sth,

*I feel like a party; I feel like partyíng all day.

I feel like (a) coffee/coffees

28C. I fecl like drinking coffee.

See Q1

29C. Also: "Hardly had the examínation ended than the students

started."

But: "The examination had hardfty ended when the sudents

started.

308, Also: Call to order. See Q24

31A, Pattern: with a view to + verb + ing.

NOTE: You leam to do sth

32E. See Q6

33. No option is correct

NOTE:

1. None of the option is necessary; a comma would sufice.

2. A comma is not necessary if "although is not at the

begínning of the sentence.

*He was not welcome although he was ivited

3. Consider an "although expression without a verb

Although gangling, Buhari joined the army as eariy as

his late teens.

4. Although = though = even though

5. "Though" is common in spoken Engish.

34B. Also: Do you mind my smoking or Do you mind me smoking?

35D. To "not mince words is to be frank/direct/candid.

Compare: call a spade a spade

36A. Also: He is easily the brighter of the wO

NOTE: Bright/brighter/brightest (ight)

Bright/more brighter/most brightest(wrong)

More bright/most bright (wrong)

37A. The USAJUS; the UK; the UNO/UN; the USSR; the Niger,

the Atlantic; the Attantic Ocean; the Pacific.

NOTE:

1. If the name of a placefan organízation begins with an

adjective, it must be preceded byy the artide the

Exception: The Gambia

2. "The" article is also used to express sb/sth which s only

one copy of their kind.

- The Nile; the Everest; the Queen, the President

3. You don't use "the" before a proper noun: the Europe, The

Africa, the Nigeria (all wrong)

38A. See Q2

39A. Pattern: 1, wisth + past tense.

*I wish I knew

2. wish + had + past participle

*I wish I had known before the interview.

NOTE:

1. Pattern one only expresses a wish in the present or simply a

hypothetcal condition the speaker wishes were true.

2. Pattern two expresses an action takeno/not taken in the

past but now regretted or wished otherwisę.

40E "Farther and "further" literally have same meaning but lor

Use, "further" is preferred in British English while bath are

Common in American English.

NOTE:

1. Far/farther/fathest; far/further/furthest

2. "Far" here is "far" in space or time.

3. When far means degree or exstent. further is preferred.

If you had read the book further. it would have been more

Interesting.

4. When "more" oradditlonalIs Implied, "further", rather than

"fartheris used.

"No further evidence is necessary.

41A. "Two" ondtions are being compared with reference to "two"

time frames. Hence choose "worse" ahead of "worst" as the

later is involved in compartng more than "two" things.

Avold: My brother's condition Is getting worst (use worse

instead)

Consider: I am getting older (Not: I am getting oldest

But say: This is the worst my brother's health has got In

recent time.

NOTE: Option C ls the literal meaning of optlonA but it sounds

repetitive, monotonous and boring.

42E.This expression "at least suggests that If Joe's finding a flat

does not cause anything else, It certalnly means "he wll not

be sleeping here" "At last" means eventually and not Implled

43D. This is a rare miss or error by English speakers

44E. A: Replace "mine" with "my

B: A friend cannot be tight, replace with close (E) or bosom

or intimate

C: The shoemaker as a service provider Is not your customer.

Instead, you are his customer or better still, dlent

D: Same reason as in option C

NOTE: Customer and dient are two dosely related words,

master their difference.

Compare: 1 dientele and customer base

2. Shoemaker and cobbler.

45E.Understanding" is a stative verb and cannot be used in the

progressive tense as in A, B, Cand D, some other stative

verbs.

Hear, see, feel (not always)

46C. "Lose" as in opposite of"find" has only one "o (i.e it is not

loose) in the present simple tense while "lost" is the past

and past participle, and related noun is loss.

*She loses her temper anytime she is depressed. She lost

some jewellery late last year and she nagged all day. Now

that she suffers a terrible loss in the death of her only son,

hell will be let loose on anybody on sight.

Compare: Loose, loosen

47D. You can only say: The lady was delivered of a bouncing

baby boy

48A, Possessive fom of it, no apostrophe allowed

NOTE: It's = It is

49C. See Q34

50C. Compare: I- used to driyg and I am used to driving

51A. See Q26

52D. By air/bus/lorry/road/aerop'ane but on foot

538, At first = initially

548. Glimmer, giter, glint, sparkde etc are related to light but not

the following fixed expressions:

A glimmer of hope

Glints of hatred/jealousy/lust

A glitter of greed/avaice

55C. "Advice" is an uncountable noun and the "all" preceding it

does suggest a plural sense when written before uncountable

now.

S6C. A habitual action Is involved. See 049,

57C. "Discuss" takes no preposition See 08

s8D. This İs a reported speech hence "suggested..was" and then

remember the pattern in Q6.

59D. "To as preposition requlring the noun "writing"

60C. See 034

61A. Hot/hoter/hottest: It is an error using the adverb "more"

before the comparative form of hot (hotter)

Also wrong:

"He is more better than Initially thought.

vShe cooked it more longer than required

NOTE: You can only use "hot" when sandwiched between

as...as: North A Africa Is as hot as Northern Europe

62C. See Q2

63A. See Q59

64E. Cormmon error: Prefer than

65E. Also: As though he were a mahager

NOTE: SIlnce thls phrase Introduces a su9gestion (hypothetical),

the verb in the clause that follows is usualy expressed in

past: You tell me as If I didnt know: He SOunds as if he wioud

66B. Apply common sense as gulded by the context t i in your choce

Come

between options B and D.

67D. Take "sense" as uncountable noun hence the premodifer

"much".

"68B. Option (C) Is a common error, avold it.

NOTE: Presently soon(As in C but wrong here)

Conslder the following:

*He doesn't play tennis any longer

*He doesn't play tennis ay more.

*He no longer plays tennis.

*He plays tennis nO More.

69A, Opp: Tight, firm, taut(Compare: Fasten)

70C. Als0: If only I were insured

71A, See Q26

72C. See Q10

73D, "Worth is an adjective not a verb as in common use in Nigeria

Don't say: *He doesnt worth it (Can you Say: He rorths it)

But say: He įs not worth it (Adj)

Hence, use "be" or its various forms (am/is/are/were/was)

before "worth" as in "be worth seeing. It is worth doing

Now consider the patern: Worth + verb + ing.

74C. Also: I çant resist playing the piano

I cant stand seeing a bully in action

I çant bear facing the angry mob

75D. Note that the presence of "than" alls fo "more in option D,

Don't write as"anymore". Take option E if "more" is absert

76D. See Q10

77D. "You had beter or its contracted form "You'd better isa

fixed expression in English and "had the expression does

not change the verb (e.g get in option D) that follows to pas

participle (e.g got in option C)

Pattern: You had better + do sth. It foltows that option A

would not be right because of "prepared" in the past insteac

of present.

78D. See Q1

798. Avoid option A

80. No option is correct. The expression is "shoot on sight

81C. Ignore option A completely

82B. The adjective"whole" (A) should only be used before a sinqula

noun to mean all of sth and not part of it.

*The whole people voted (wrong)

*The whole populace voted (right)

*The entire populace voted (right)

*The populace in its/their entirety, voted (ight)

83B. "Elder" ordinarily means "olderin this context.

Don't say: She is elder than me.

But say: She is older than me.

Old/olderfoldest; old/elderfeldest.
84D. If a noun carries an -s as plural inflexion, put the apostroph

on the top of the -s on the right to Indicate possession.

858. Compare: Stay tuned

868. Don't write "at times" together as a single word (atime) to

mean occasionally (not often)

Also: In fact But: Indeed

87C. An alternative is usually either of the (two) choices availabl

NOTE:

1. Don't confuse this with "alternate". Two altermate things

OcCur one after the other ina regular pattern.

2. If a student attends school on alternate days, he comes on

Monday but not Tuesday, then Wednesday but not Thursda

and so on.

3. Consider this sentence: African Cup of Nations comes up 3

alternate years

4. Use "alternate" only before a noun (attributive adjective)

Alternate years. (not the years are alternate).

5. "Alternate" can also be used as a verb. His entire life

alternated between successes and falures.

6. Related Noun: Alternation

2 Compare: Direct Current (DC) and Alternathg Gurrent (AC)

- Science students should see the Physics version of this book

"Presently" does not mean "now"or "at present". It means

tyery soon" 'or in a moment:

Compare: "In a fiffy

-Study the following carefully:

He prefers a ide toa walk : i j f

2. He prefers rlding to walking

3. He prefers riding a horse to takinga walk,'

0c nlwith regard to sb/sth; as regards sh/sth, in that/this regard

Compare: My regards to your mum.

g1C Now revisit Q89

To use "since" mentlon a specific time. I have been trylng to

locate you since last Thursday

3A. Compare 031

In time =Eventually, In the end.

95D. See Q23; 2.

96C. See Q74

Patem: It's no good + verb + Ing.

98C See Q46

ootion A: Recentis an adjective nota noun(shuld not beused

at obiect of!of here) ue.i*r ..

Option B: Past perfect tense does notarise here

octon C: "Recent is uSualy used before a noun (attribute Adi)

ootion D: "Recenty" is adverbial form of "recent" and it

modifies "happened".

100D. "Seek* requires no prepositon including "for"

Exercise II: CHAPTER 16

cOMMON MISTAKES IN ENGLISH/FXED EXPRESSIONS:

1 Some robbers are on the prowlwe must be ... [A, alert B. at

alert C on the alert D. for alertl (1999:Q70)

2 What bothered me about the lecture was the speaker ..too

many irrelevant words. A. slighted B. sighted C. sitedD. cited.

(1988:Q95)

3. The students were suspended beause they were..A. indisaplined

B. undisaiplined C. undisdpled., D. disciplinary (1988:096)

4. Ihad not given the question a thought before; my answer

ame .. A. momentarily B. in an instantC. on the spur of the

moment just like that (1988:098)

S. Why do you worry about such ... matters?A. insignificant.

B. significant C. non-significant D. unsignificant. (1990:Q56)

6. The small girl is...than her elder sister. A. more cdeverer

B. very cleverer C. much deverer D. much more cdeverer.

(1988:099)
7. This section of the test will..questions on set passages

A. consist B. Comprise of C. contain D. carry (1990:Q58)

8. If you want a successful marriage, you...pray for it. A. have

beter B. better C. had beter D. would better. (1990:Q66)

9. Now, I am used..Bread without butter. A. to eat B. in eating

Cof eating D. to eating. (1990:Q74)

0. One can no longer take for granted today what...enjoyed in

the University some years ago, can ...? A. you/you B. one/one

C he/he D. one/you (1990:Q76)

-.to help him, being the only person in the vicinity. A. It was|

not possible B. There was no one C. He had nobody D. No

person was around. (1990:Q78)

emi said 'Tm coming' to her friend Biola who was waiting for

E instead of saying .. A. wait for me in a moment B. I will

Come C. IW be with you in a moment D. Il come now.

(1990:091)

3. Be that as.. we are determlned to get to the root of the matter!'

Shouted the officer. A. you like B. it may C. it would D. It might

(1990:092)

14. She easked me whether IL. the letter for her. A. minded to post

B. mind to post C. minded posting D. minded to posting.

(1991:068)

Hove l vish I...my mother's advice. A. had heeded B. have

heeded C. heed D. will heed. (1991:070)

A Condusively 8. To condude C. In conclusion D. The

rduson), Sign post words are useful to readers.(1992:Q56)|

17, My experience in Lagos last weęk vras. (A. something to

excite B, nothing to gxplainat home C. nothing to write

. home D. something to celebrate) about. (1992:Q73)

18. We are,.to, reçeive your letter and to kno that you are..

[A. happy/in good health B. grateful/sound C. pleased

/all. well D. appreclative/swimming in good health].

(1992:Q92)

19, In.. [A. a moro deeper sense B, a much deeper sense

Camost dęgper sense D, much more deeper sense)

we, as poltidans, arq identficd vath the massesr (1992:Q90)

20. Käka is.[A, not only anxlous B, anxious not only C not

only that she is anxious D, anxious] to acquire knowledge

but also cager to display It. (1993:067)

21, Oghe should leave for Nev York on Friday..[A all the things

B, all other things C. other things D. other things all]

being equal. (1993:Q70)

22. The woman wamed her daughter not to.. A move B. be

moving C. be keeping company D. keep company] with

bad boys,. (1993:Q71)

23., The vermin on his body.. (A. makes the lunatic ook B.

make the Junatic look C. makes the Junatic to look

D. make. the lunatic to look] hideous. (1993:Q84)

24. The President refused to shake.A, hand B. hands Ca hand

. D. his hand] with the vísiting Pime Minister. (1993:094)

25. I was so anxíous to arrive early for the lecure that I ..

[A. forgot B. left C. dropped D. abandoned] my notes in

the car. (1993:Q99)

26. Sa'adatu as well as the maids.[A. Iike plantain chips B.

are liking plantain chips C. is liking plarntain chips

D. likes plantain chips]. (1994:Q59)

27. The old man couldn't help.[A. to laughB. that he laughed

C. laughing D. in lạughing] at his grandson's babbling.

(1994:Q69)

28. The expected guest eventually arrived.[Ain company with

B. in company ofC. by company of D. accompanied

with] his, wife,. .(1994:080)

29. When we visited him, he offered usa variety of.[A.hot

,B. local C. hard D, soft] drinks such as whisky and brandy.

(1994:Q81)

30. The exercise will be easily accomplished by the team if members

, o... their..[A. pull/resources together B. pool/resources

'together C pull/resources D. pool/resources]. (1994:Q82)

31, I would like to. [A, accompany B. follow C. escort D.join]

my father to Kaduna. (1994:Q84)

32. As you have been here before,..[A. it were better you B. it

is you who will C. you'd better D. you would better]

lead the way. (1994:Q87))

33, Go straight down the hill and take the third.. [A, bend B.

branch C. junction D. tuming] on the left. You can't miss it

(1994:Q98)

34. It's time the room... tA. is redecorated B, was redecorated

C. is being redecorated D. has been redecorated]it looks

awful. (1995:084)

35. Her mother said to her 'I ...A. Would rather you cooked

B. would rather you cook. C. would rather you not cook

D. would rather you have cooked] the dinner now.

(1995:Q85)

36. During the examination, a student.. (A. requested B. requested

for C.requests for D. request] more answer sheets. (1995:Q92)

37. It was an...moment for us to be... [A. opportune/privileged

B. opportuned/privileged C. opportune/ opportuned

D. opportuned/ opportune] to welcome the new Vice-

Chancellor. (1995:Q93)

38. This is to congratulate you on your success in the last

examination and to wish you.. [A. more grease to your

elbow B. more power to your elbow C. some grease on

your elbow D. some power to your elbow]. (1995:097)

39. A very popular ruler is at the... [A. helms of affair B. helm

of affair C realm ofaffair D. helm of affairs]). (1995:Q100)

40. Wale: do you know where my chemistry book is? Tom:

[A, Toyin is with it B. it is with ToyinC. Toyin has it

D. Toyin lent it]. (1997:Q80)

41, The acddent ocured when the driver of the car.. A reversec

towards B. reversed into C reversed to D. reversed

back into] the lorry. (1997:Q81)

42. The principal warned the students not to take the ... [A. law

intotheir B, laws into their C. law into thelr own

D. laws into their own] hands. (1997:Q84)

43. Kunle was annoyed for arriving late. (A, also Keml's rather

Insolent manner B., also that Keml's insolent manner

C.and Kemi's rather insolent manner also D. and Kem

is also Insolent which)] put himout of temper. (1997:Q87)

44. . A. There's B, Theres' C. Theirs' D. Thelr's] been

no offidal reaction to your request yet. (1997:Q90)

45, We cannot all wear expenslve shoes in sitvation of ...

[A. divergent demand and supply B. uneven wear and

tear C. differing purchasing power D. unpredictable

natlonal income]. (1998:Q75)

46. Kindly...me your book because my friend has.. [A, borrow/

borrowed B. borrow/lent C lend/lent D, lend/

borrowed] mine. (1998:Q82)

47, Emeka is now a .. Student but it took him years to ...

[A matured/mature B.mature/mature Cmature/

matured D. matured/matured]. (1998:Q86)

48. The man dedared his intention from the ... [A. outset

B. inset C. onset D. offset] (2000:Q26)

49. The koquadous young lad reeled off all the names of the players

... [A. offhead B. at handCoffhand D. at heart].

(2000:Q27)

50. Audu fought wth his ... A. elder B. older C. senior

D. bigger] brother. (2000:032)

51. He arrived ... A. timely B. late C, in time D. with

time] to see his famiy leave for the countryside. (2000:040)

52. Raffe draws like gambling often end in a ... A. lost B. lose

C. Joss D. loose for me. (2000:Q43)

53. They had to ... [A. Fall back on B. Switch on C. Light

up D. Resort to] the generator when the electriity failed.

(2001:Q55)

S4. They let him go in ... [A. Consideration B. Regard

C. Disregard D. Respect] of his age. (2001:Q57)

55. These villagers ... [A. are used B. use C. were used

D, used] to grow rice. (2001:Q61)

56. ... [A. By chance B. Should C. While D, Should in

case] yOu come early to the new house, cdean up my fiat.

(2001:Q62)

57. The weather is probably ... appealing for people who live in

Jos ... [A. As much/as B. Ao less/than C. More/as

D. At least as/but] for fure. 1ers. (2001:Q60)

58. More ...[A, Energy B. Effort C. Power D. Grease] to your

elbow as you campaign for press freedom! (2001:Q68)

59. One advantage of the English language in Nigerla is that it

puts everyone ... a common... [A at/equality B, on/

footing C.in/standing D. infadvantage]. (2002:Q85)

60. You are free to solidt... [A, by financial B. for financial

C. financial D, a financial] support from the Board.

(2002:Q87)

61. The highly appreciative audience clapped ... hands and

showered ... [A. their/encomiums B. its/encomiums

C. their/invectives D. it/invectives] on the lecturer.

(2002:Q88)

62. .. [A. In spite of B. Given C. In case of D. Barring]

any problems, I shall ravel to London tomorrow on a business

trip. (2002:094)

63. The new manager was responsible for the ... [A, uplift
B. upliftment C. lifting D. uplifting] of the organization.

(2002:Q95)

EA. The reason wtyhe was not ofered admission was.. [A. because

B. that C. when D.owing to] his results could not be found.

(2003:Q63)

65. Be careful not to ... (A. lose B. loose C. loss D. lost] this

money. (2003:Q69)

65. it was free-for-all and the students were blamed for takina

the law.. [A into their hands B. in their hands C. into

their ovwn hands D. in their own hands]. (2003:Q83)

67. Henot only looked after the chíldren whent their parents dled,..

[A. but he B. but also C. also D. also he] sponsored

education to university. (2004:Q81)

68. The haiman refused to shake .. A his hands B. hand c..

hands D. hands with the secretary]. (2004:085)

69. The Bank Manager assured us that there was nothing a to worry

about.. (A, with regard to the loan B. as regards toY

loan C. with regards to the loan D. In regard of the

loan]. (2005:Q81)

70. The public lbrary has stopped ... [A. lending B. borrowi

C. loanlng D. rentingj books to readers. (2005:087)

71. Olu brought hls clothes and those of his.. [A, senlor

brothors B. elder brothers C. elder brother's D, senie

brother]. (2006:Q40)

72, The officer acted in... [A, accordance by B.accordance t

C. accodance of D. accordance with] the instucions

(2009:Q72)

73. Uche has been in ... (A, exchange B. correspondence

C. favour D, cord] with hls pen pal for year. (2009:024)

74. Lemoti ... as a paínter, but also as a sculpto. A. is gife

not only B. is only gifted C. is gifted only not D. s only nct

gifted. (2010:Q66)
75. The policemen became suspidouS as the hoodlums... in their

office. A. ferreted B. ferretted C. ferreted about D. ferreted

about (2011:Q70)

76. Audu took these actions purely... his own areer. A. on

furtherance of B. ín furtherance of C. to furtherance in D.i

furtherance with (2011:Q75)

77. Instead of., she lied. A. pleading B. her to plead C. her

pleading D. plead (2011:Q77)

78. The school authority dismissed him for... but I wot tel you

about it yet. A. certain reason B. a reason Cmore reason

D, a certain reason. (2011:Q85)

79. One should be careful how ... behaves in public, shouldnt..

A. one/one B. he/he C. she/one D. onefhej? (2012:Q71)

80. Her mother brought her some ... [A. dothes B. yards C doth

D. cdothing. (2012:079)

81. Do you mind... another hour or two? A. wait B. wafting Ct

wait D. to have waited. (2013:Q71)

82. Umar: I have never visited the dentist.

Aliyu: ... A. neither myself B. I myself havent C neither haveI

D. I also never. (2013:Q79)

83. You may have the pencil, but you can't have the ballpoint..

A. either B. furthermore C. also D. as wel [2014:Q68]

84. The guard spent all the night pacing ...A, from and to. B. fro

and to. C. to and from. D. to and fro. [2014:Q72]

85. Those...are very beautiful. A. flowers of her B. flowers of her

C. our flowers D. flowers of ours [2014:Q76]

86. .... bomb had earlier been defused A. A leaf B. An alive C.

life D. A live. [2015:Q67]

87, He travelled ... last week A. somewhat B. some where C som

what D. somewhere. [2015:Q78]

88. Timl has gone to Lagos and he will be back in .....time. A. two'

week B. two week's C. two weeks D. two weeks.[2016:Q69

89. 'Do not forget to reply....... sald the teacher. A. my letter

B, for my letter C. of my letter D. to my letter [2016:071

90. The .....discouraged me from reading it. A. story length

B. length of the story C. stories length D. story's length.

(2015:Q74]

91. ..... rlch has its own problem. A, Being B. Been C. On bein

D. On been (2016:Q77]

SOLUTION: Exercise II

1C. Avoid option B completely

2D. You cite an example, slght sb/sth when you see him/it, you s!

an industry etc somewhere

3B. Indiscipline is a noun and the related adjective is "undıscplıne

(with an ending -d). Indisciplined is not an English word wh

disciplinary is also an adjective relating to a measure/law mes

to punish. (Compare: punitivie)

*WAI was instituted by the junta to wage war against

Indiscipline in high places aind reorientate the largely

undisciplined masses.

Wnd AnsWers On nglsh

The answers were not planned before hand.

Compare: Prermeditated, extempore, Impromptu, glb answer.

The opposite of"signiflcant" is "Insignificant whlle "Important"

which has same meaning takes"unimportant for the opposte.

Avold double comparatlve but you can intenşlfy with "much

See Exercise 1, Q16

See Exercise 1, Q77

Exercise 1, 02

Once you use the pronoun "one, do not substitute with

9D. See

he/she/you or any of thelr grammatical equivalents.

This Is a test of f partlciplal phrase but JAMB delberately

changed the order without compromislng the grammatlcal

orectness of it all,

gewrite: Belng the only person in the vicnity, he had nobody

to help him.

SAhe that the gist here is the fact that the"person" (underline

ahove) in the participial phrase ls also the "he" (also underlined)

E the main clause as subject of the verb "had.

12C. "I am coming" when the speaker is clearly doing something

dlse or even going In the opposite direction Is consldered by

any as Incorrect. However, in some other context, present

oninuous tense cOuld be used as future tense.

am coming to Lagos next week.

L38. "Be that as i it may" is a fixed expression and treat it as such.

Re that as it may = Nevertheless, despite that, In spite of that.

r A reported speech involving "mind" requires "minded" but

see Q34 in Exercise 1.

4KA See Exercise 1, 039

C Ávoid opion A, it only means"evidentiy while "in conclusion"

means "finally".

NOTE:

1. Condusive (adj) = Proving sth to be right.

2Condusion (n) = Final decision or opinion or inference from

a previousS argurment.

17C A fixed expression.

18A Common sense

198 Compare 6

2A Interpretabon: Kaka is anxious and eager- first "to acquire

knowledge and second "to đisplay it.

Compare: Kaka is anxious not only to acquired knowledge

but also to display it [Interpretation: Kaka is anxious for two

reasons- to acquire and display knowledge]

218. If all the present conditions remain constant. Recall: Your

Eoonomics teacher is/was apt to say "eteris paribus" in dass

2D. Just keep option Cas simple as in option D.

238. "Vermin" is a plural noun and it takes the verb "make" and

choose B instead of D for the patern involving "make."

248. You can shake sb's hand, shake hands with stb or shake sb by

the hand.

NOTE:

1. Add s to hand onby when appropriate.

2. You dont shake sb but you shake his hand.

258. You only forget (about) abstract things like an action, a

process an event, a procedure or a fact but you leave a

Concrete thing somewhere.

Consider: I forget to bring my note from home.

In the above, the underlined is a noun phrase and object of

Torget". It is by no means a material thlng but an action not

executed.

NOTE:

1. You forget sth / forget about sth

L. You forget doing sth /forget to do sth.

. Sa'adatu isas

a singular noun and takes the singular verb"likes".

vont mind the presence of the parenthetical statement "as

WEl as the maids" the sentence can do without It.

NOTE:

Oher expressions/words with similar status are: with; in

ompany with; in collaboration with; in conjunction with;

and not etc.

"Sa'adatu with his malds likes plantain

sa'adatu, and not his maids, likes plantain

. Avold opion Cbecaus "ike" is a stative verb hence it cannot

be used in the progressive.

27C. See Q74, exercise 1

28A. Avold optionB

29C. "Hard drink" (in contrast to "soft drink) contains a measure

of alcohol. Avold "hot drink as in Nigeria English.

Compare: Hard liquor, hard stuff, hard drug, hard water, hard

Currency.

30D. You pool (not pull) resources. Avoldtogetherwhlch Is USualy

added In error. You an also "pool ideafinformation

31A. You escort others to protect them or shov them the way

whille you accompany sb you travel with.

32C, See Q77, Exercise 1

330. Somctimes "turn (0) (See: Bend (n), twists and turns; turn

of cvents]

34B. Sece Q6, Exerdse 1

35A. See Exerdse 1, Q26

36A. "Request requires no preposition induding "or. The sentence

relates an event In the past hence option A not D.

37A. "Opportune" Is an adjective without -.

38B, Avoid option A

39D. Also: At the helm, to take the helm

40C. A common/fixed vay of saying this without stating how

41B. "Reverse" already suggests a backard movemert hence

"reverse back" is mere tautology.Use "into instead of to

42C. In this expression, do not add s to lavw and do not write

without "own". Take law into one's own hands

43C Apply common sense here.

44A. There's = There has/there was/there is

45C. Our ability to buy differs.

46D. Also: Kindly lend me your book because I have lent my friend

mine. See Exercise1, 01

478. "Mature" is an adjective, adding an ending -d in its adjectival

function is an error. "Matureis also a verb and forms ike

"matures and "matured are allowed in the appropriate cortet

when "mature" functions as a verb

NOTE:

1. Mature/more-mature but occasionally mature/maturer.

2. The superlative of most mature or maturest does not exist

3. Avoid the progressive form "maturing".

4. Error with "mature" as adjective is also Common with others

like opportune, close, open etc.

48A. At/from the outset = at/from the beginning of sth.

Compare: From inception.

49C. Avoid option A

50A. See Q83, Exercise 1

51C. In time = not late.

NOTE:

1. Avoid the wrong expression "on time". "It is in time.

2."Timely (opbon A) is never an adverb or it would be modifying

the verb "arrived" before it. Rather, timely is an adjective with

same meaning as "in time" and must be used atributively

*His timely arrival allowed him to see his famity leave for

the country side.

*His timely intervention resolved the issue.

3. Timely= happenlng at the right time

Untimely = happening too soon; premature

Untimely = l-timed

Belated = happening too late

4. Now, the gist is when you add -ly to a noun, you get ən

adjective: Time-timely; coward-cowardty; father-fathery:

rascal-rascally

5. Adverbs with the suffix -ly are usually derived from adjectives

quick-quickly; beautiful-beautifully.

52C. "Loss" as the noun of "lose" (v) with past and past partde as

"lost"

530. You "fall back on" sth for support or in hours of difficulty buc

you "resort to" sth less desirable when other things fail or are
no longer available.

NOTE:

1. Patterms:

a. Resort to + sth. *The workers resorted to strike when negotiation failed.

b. Resort to + doing sth,

They resorted to using generator whenAled

2. Dont confuse "resort"with "result"andyou bveony "ret

jn/from° not result to*

3. Resort to = have recourse to (Reşort recorse)

sAA, Also:They let him go.çonsiqering hsage..

55D. See 02, Exercise 1

S6B. Should in case (Hence shoul4, in case(s tautologlcal:]

S78. This manner of comparlson ís Interproted thus

*Both Jos inhabltants arid forelgriers equally fid theweathar

appealing.less"and "mọre" always requlre "than

S8C. Avoid optlon b

59B. Als0: On the same/an equal footing

60C. "Solidt like seek/ request requlres no preposttion Induding

for: You seek sth/ solicit sth/ request sth from sb.

61A. Although a collective noun, audlence should notbe treated

as a unit here because the clapping in an indívidyal acon

hence uşe their ínstead.of its[ Encomlum Encomla]

62D. Provided no problem arises, Compare Q21

63A. Uplift as a noun. Avold upliftment, it is ngtan Engilsh word

64B. Options A and D are would be tautological.

65A SeeQ52.

66C. See Q42

678. This construction inivolves two eient

*He looked after the children

* He sponsored their education to university

Using but or also sëparatesy to break the sentence ls an error

Interpretation: Looking after the children was not the only

thing he did, he also sponsored their education to university.

Compare He can not only play football but he also plays

golf

NOTE: Wite as can ot (notas cannot) because theoppaste

of čan is nột intended here. The construction. means, "He

can pläy football, not only that, he can also play golf"

68D. See 024 :

69A. See Exercise 1, Q90

70A. See Exetdse 1,Q1.

71Ç. Use elder/younger instead ofsenior/ junior. to indicate

chronology of age. The presence of his (showing do

calls for the possessive form brother's.You can

away with those ín this sentence

*He brought bis dothes and his brother's

Consideri He brought his'cdothes and his brother's clothes

This is grammatically right but it sounds dull, ordinary,

repetitive and monotonous

Compare: I drive my daddy's car.and óccasionally, my :

mummy's

72D. Also: According to

73B. Exchange of letters between two individuals

74A. Now see the use of but also in the onstrut andompare Q67

75C. Férreted about/ around[ Compare: Ferret sth/sb ou

768. Also: In the furtherance of

77A. Pattern: Instead of + sth/sb / Instead of + doing 'sth.

78D. Use "certain" with "reason here because the speaker is

not ready to give details about the reason. Option A without

artide a İs wrong unless you have: "Certaln reasons

79A. Don't replace with he or she

80A. "Clothes" are what you wear and the material of whlch they

are made is "doth including cotton, wool, plastlc etc

NOTE:
1. "dothes" include trousers, pants, dresses etc.

2. "Clothes" is always in the plural (with an ending -s)

3. "dothe" (v) means to dress sb or oneself or provide lothes

for sb to wear (past: clothed)

4. "dothing" means a particular or spedfic type of dothes

e.g warm clothing, protective cdothing

See: A wolf in sheep's dothing.

818. Pattern: Mind + doing sth.

82C. Compare: I didn't visit the dentist/Neither did I

I am not a dentist/Neither am I

83D. Use "as well" and "too" at the end of a sentence although

too is common in informal English.

NOTE:

1. "As well" and "too" can be used to add a negatve point

positive one as in this questlon,

2, Use "not... elther" to add a negative to a previouS negave

- You can't have the pencil, you cant have the balltpoint (ethres.

84D, Also: Back and forth

85D. Those flowers of her/him/you etc.[wrong]

Those flowers of hers/his/yours/ours[right]

NOTE: Consider cach palr:

la. I am a fan of Ronaldo (irong)

1b. I am a fan of Ranaldo's (right). See 071

2a. That your friend is handsome (wrong)

2b, That rlend of yours Is handsome (right)

86D, A lve bomb is capable of exploding if its detonation i is triggered.

Comparè: Live match(on tv); Lve question paper; ; 1 Lve vtre.

87D. Dont write as some where.

Also:

1. Somebody/someone/somchow/sormevihat/some vay!

someway/sometime/some time/someplace/somethino.

2,.Anybodyfanyone/anyhow/anymore/any more/anyplacey
anything/any time/anytime/anywhere/anyway.

3. Nobody/no place/no one.

88D. See Q12 exerclse 1

89D. You reply to sth/sb with sth.

*He replied to rmy letter. with equal measure of citicism I

Wrote with

NOTE:

1. The noun "reply" also takes "to as preposition as in

*In reply to your euenond to it,

2. You answer a question but

90B. Avold optionD

91A. Avold option B..

. CHAPTER:17: TEST OFORAL'FORMS

Choose word that does not have same vowel sound as the

others (1999:Q26)

1. A. loot B. boot C. rout D. route (1999:027)

2. A. sun B. shun C. son D. short

3. A. deep B. lease C. meet D. lace 33 (1999:028)

4. A. rough B. dog C. cough b. rot! (2002:Q63)

5.A: tear(verb) B. hear C weird D. mere (2002:Q64)

6. A. does B. flood C. world D. son (2002:Q65)

7. A. toil B. rejoice C. enjoy D, log (2001:Q48)

8. A. key B. wind C. even D. people (2001:049)

9. A. granite B. die C. rice D. light (2001:Q50)

10. A. bale B. salnt C. plait D, gate (2001:Q51)

11., A. coast B. won't C. hope D. cost (2003:Q95).

12. A. north C spot C. law D. naught (2003:Q96)

13. A. falr B. there C. dearD. bear (2003:Q97)

Choose from the options the word,that has the same vowel

sOund as the one represented by the letter(s) underlined.

14. Plateau A. wanted B. below C. hollday D. wanted (1999:Q29)

15. Rust A. loud B. touch C. bought D. march (1999:Q31)

16. thunder A. defer B. prefer C. confer D. differ (2000:Q48)

17. pleasure A. plenary B. pleat C.jeopardy D. pliablė (2000:Q49)

18. tear (noun) A, wear B. care C. dare D, here (2000:Q5O)

19. air A. hear B. her C. fire D. heir (2000:Q51)

20. boat A. glory B. bought C. board D, go (2000:Q52)

21, market A. enter B. bachelor C. mortgage D. get (2003:088)

22. colonel A. colony 8. goal C. girl D. golden (2003:Q89)

23. tend A. cạned B. earned C. turned D. jeopardy (2003:Q90)|

24. luckA. lack B. turm C. lock D, brother (2005:Q41)

25. guard A. gulde B. argue C. chat D. gourd (2005:Q42)

26. beer A. fair B. bear C. pier D. pear (2005:Q4)

27. hurt A. Hut B. girl C. hate D. hot (2006:Q80)

28. Cock A. Cop B. Cope C. cork D, cup (2006:Q3!)

29. Says A. Fierce B. Dam C. wet D. rain (2006:Q82)

30. reprieve A. rich B. police C. queer D. probity (2016:08:

31. door A. food B. cough C. sure D, board (2016:09/

32. famous A, soup B. cook C. plot D. colonel (2016:0s5)