1.
2.d
3.b
4.b
5.a
6.b
7.a
8.c
9.b
10.a
11.a
12.b
13.c
14.b
15.c
1. Explain the different forms of phytochrome and how light influences their
conversion?
Phytochromes are photoreceptors in plants that regulate various responses
to light. There are two main forms of phytochrome: Pr (phytochrome red) and
Pfr (phytochrome far-red). Pr is the inactive form of phytochrome, absorbing
red light (660 nm) and converting to the active Pfr form. Pfr absorbs far-red
light (730 nm) and converts back to the inactive Pr form. The conversion
between Pr and Pfr plays a crucial role in plant growth and development,
influencing processes like seed germination, flowering, and
photomorphogenesis.
2. Can we consider the potential applications of understanding phytochrome
in agriculture and horticulture? Why?
Understanding phytochrome in agriculture and horticulture has significant
applications. By manipulating phytochrome responses, farmers and
horticulturists can control plant growth, flowering, and fruiting to optimize
crop yields. For example, manipulating phytochrome responses can regulate
flowering time, improve seed germination, enhance fruit development, and
increase crop productivity. Understanding phytochrome can also aid in
developing light-sensitive crops that respond better to changing light
conditions, leading to more sustainable and efficient agricultural practices.
