OLIVAREZ COLLEGE TAGAYTAY

E. Aguinaldo Hi-Way, Crossing Silang, Tagaytay City

2nd QUARTER EXAMINATION

CASE STUDY ANALYSIS: EFFECTIVENESS OF IATF GUIDELINES TO STOP

COVID 19
Submitted by:

Adamos, Maverick Spencer P.

Abanes, Joseph T.

Anojo, Robelyn Heart M.

Corrido, Dhanica D.

Martinez, Quincy Lyn M.

Submitted to:

Ms. Jeniña Contreras

UCSP Teacher

Ms. Maryann Marinduque

Philosophy Teacher

I. INTRODUCTION

An Analysis of the Effectiveness of IATF Guidelines to Stop Covid-19

The Covid-19 pandemic had drastically eliminated approximately a hundred million lives across
the world. In the Philippines, in order to immediately respond to the affairs concerning these
emerging infectious diseases, the executive government had come up with a task force, and it is
named the Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases (IATF). The IATF-EID
was created through Executive Order No. 168 in 2014 which was issued by then-President
Benigno Aquino III. With the threat of the contagious pandemic, the IATF on March 12, 2020,
had issued the Recommendations for the Management of the Corona Virus Disease 2019 under
Resolution no.11, this resolution contains the Guidelines and Protocols that is requisite to
implement nationwide. Nine months has been passed away since the guidelines were
implemented, and the time has come in order to identify the Level of Effectiveness of the IATF
Guidelines in order to minimize and stop the spread of Covid-19.
II. BACKGROUND

The novel coronavirus (COVID-19) is responsible for more fatalities than the SARS
coronavirus, despite being in the initial stage of a global pandemic. The first suspected case in
the Philippines was investigated on January 22, 2020, and 633 suspected cases were reported as
of March 1. We describe the clinical and epidemiological aspects of the first two confirmed
COVID-19 cases in the Philippines, both admitted to the national infectious disease referral
hospital in Manila (NCBI, April 2020). The first patient is a 39-year-old female, and she is a
Chinese tourist that had a symptom of cough and sore throat and was admitted to San Lazaro
Hospital in Manila on January 25. On January 30, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be
detected by PCR on the initial swabs and she was identified as the first confirmed COVID-19
case in the Philippines. The second patient is a 44-year-old male, had a symptom of fever,
cough, and chills. On January 31, SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA was reported to be detected by PCR
on the initial swabs, and he was identified as the 2nd confirmed COVID-19 infection in the
Philippines. On February 1, His condition deteriorated and cardiac arrest and he was confirmed
as the first COVID-19 death outside of China.

President Rodrigo Duterte has issued an order to temporarily stop the entry of all visitors
from China's Hubei province, where Wuhan epicenter of the novel coronavirus is located. The
Health Department, however, said it will recommend an expansion of the travel ban to more
areas and provinces in China as soon as new information on cases come in.

President Rodrigo Duterte later issued Proclamation No. 922 on March 9, formally
declaring a public health emergency, authorizing local government units to employ their local
disaster risk reduction management funds. On March 16, the president signed Proclamation No.
929 declaring a state of calamity throughout the country for six months, bringing into effect the
following:

 price control of basic needs and commodities,

 granting interest-free loans,

 distribution of calamity funds,

 authorization of importation and receipt of donations, and

  hazard allowance for public health workers and government personnel in the fields of
science and technology.

On March 12, President Duterte announced a partial lockdown covering Metro

Manila, that began on March 15. The lockdown was later expanded on March 16, when
President Duterte imposed an enhanced community quarantine covering the entire Luzon,
including outlying islands. The enhanced community quarantine restricted travel and
transportation within the island, imposed strict home quarantine among all households, and the
closure of all non-essential private establishments.

On April 7, President Duterte extended the duration of the enhanced community

quarantine on Luzon until April 30, following a recommendation from the IATF-EID. On April
24, Duterte extended the enhanced community quarantine until May 15, but only for Metro
Manila, Central Luzon and CALABARZON as well as other areas in Luzon that are considered
a high-risk for COVID-19.

The Inter-Agency Task Force on Emerging Infectious Diseases or IATF-EID is a task

force organized by the executive of the Philippine government to respond to affairs
concerning emerging infectious diseases in the Philippines. The IATF-EID that was created
through Executive Order No. 168 in 2014 which was issued by then President Benigno Aquino
III. It was organized as government's instrument to assess, monitor, contain, control and prevent
the spread of any potential epidemic in the Philippines (Wikipedia, 2020).

The IATF-EID was convened in January 2020 to address the growing viral
outbreak in Wuhan, China. They made a resolution to manage the spreading of the new
virus, which was known at the time as 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) and eventually
renamed to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that
causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). On March 9, 2020, President Duterte called the
IATF-EID amidst the rising cases of COVID-19 in the Philippines.

Section 3 of E.O. 112 authorizes the IATF to amend or modify the Omnibus Guidelines
on the Implementation of Community Quarantine in the Philippines. In consideration of the
premises set forth herein, the IATF issues these amended Omnibus Guidelines to harmonize and
codify existing guidelines of the IATF and member-agencies pertaining to community
quarantine, which shall be applied to all regions, provinces, cities, municipalities and barangays
placed under community quarantine.

Guidelines for Areas Places Under ECQ:

1. Minimum public health standards shall be complied with at all times for the duration of
the ECQ.
2. Strict home quarantine shall be observed in all households, and the movement of all
residents shall be limited to accessing essential goods and services, and for work in
permitted offices or establishments as well as activities listed hereunder.

3. Any person below twenty-one (21) years old, those who are sixty (60) years old and
above, those with immunodeficiency, comorbidity, or other health risks, and pregnant
women, including any person who resides with the aforementioned, shall be required to
remain in their residences at all times, except when indispensable under the
circumstances for obtaining essential goods and services, or for work in industries and
offices or such other activities permitted in this Section.

4. Mass gatherings such as but not limited to, movie screenings, concerts, sporting events,
and other entertainment activities, community assemblies, religious gatherings, and non-
essential work gatherings shall be prohibited. However, gatherings that are essential for
the provision of government services or authorized humanitarian activities shall be
allowed.

5. Face-to-face or in-person classes at all levels shall be suspended

6. Public transportation shall be suspended. This notwithstanding, commissioned shuttle

services for employees of permitted offices or establishments, as well as point-to-point
transport services provided by the government shall be allowed to operate, giving
priority to healthcare workers.

7. Government offices and private corporations are encouraged to process payrolls online.
Payroll managers, and such other employees shall be allowed to travel to process and
print payrolls during ECQ.
 Since President Rodrigo Duterte put the main Philippine island of Luzon on lockdown on
March 16, 2020, police have arrested hundreds of people in the capital, Manila, and other parts
of the country. Most of the arrests are for violating curfew but some are for violating “social
distancing” and quarantine regulations. Other cities and provinces enforced their own lockdowns
following Duterte’s action, effectively shutting down the country

The Department of Justice determined authorities can arrest people even if they “do not
seriously resist” police action to abide by the curfew and other restrictions. The national
Commission on Human Rights responded that violations “should not be automatically meted
with arrest” and added that such arrests could lead to additional human rights abuses.

Arresting people for curfew violations to enforce social distancing related to COVID-19
is counter-productive if police place detainees in crowded detention facilities where the virus
could spread easily. For example, the government press agency reported that police in Bacolod
city, on Negros, arrested 728 persons for violating the curfew between March 15-21, and
detained them overnight in police lock-ups before releasing them the next day.

Human Rights Watch released a document on March 19 outlining the human rights
dimensions of COVID-19. Among other recommendations, it urges governments to ensure that
quarantines, lockdowns, and travel bans – including curfew – adhere to human rights norms. It
urges authorities to protect people in custody and to ensure that the right to freedom of
expression is upheld.

“These violations of law carry with it appropriate penalties and fines," said Gamboa in
his online press briefing. "But what will be more burdensome for the violators are the tedious
judicial process and the implications of a derogatory record to their personal criminal profile."

The rising cases of quarantine violations pushed Gamboa to assign more PNP-SAF and
Armed Forces of the Philippines members in quarantine checkpoints.

“We will not allow the continued increase in the cases of our law enforcers, who are the
country’s last line of defense in maintaining order amidst our fight against COVID-19,” he said.

On March 25, 2020, the IATF-EID revealed a National Action Plan (NAP) to slow down
the spreading of COVID-19. The NAP was created to effectively and efficiently implement and
decentralize the system of managing the COVID-19 situation. In addition, the IATF-EID created
the COVID-19 National Task Force headed by Department of National Defense Secretary Delfin
Lorenzana, which handles the operational command. At the same time, the IATF-EID became
the "policy-making body of operations" while the National Incident Command administers the
daily concerns and operations (Wikipedia, 2020).

COVID 19 is a life and death risk. Those who came from travel abroad have greater risks
of being infecting other people or being infected and so have to undergo 14-day quarantine and
monitor their health condition. The stay-at-home orders are also to minimize risk, but not totally
eliminate it. Risks becomes complex when whole communities have to resume their lives.
People have to go back work; students have to go back to school. Entrepreneurs and employees
produce services and commodities that enable an economy to function. When people have a way
to make a living, they can invest for their future, like education and health care as examples. The
question for the government is “What are the risks of a second wave of COVID 19 infections?”

COVID-19 is doing economic damage to the Philippines as well. The Philippine GDP
growth has averaged around 6 percent annually for the past decade, but it could actually contract
this year. As many as 1.2 million Filipinos could lose jobs as the economy dives, and as a
lockdown limits economic activity. A $23 billion rescue package is being hurriedly put together,
but even this relatively large amount may not be sufficient to avoid serious economic damage.

During a recent national address, the usually tough-talking President Rodrigo Duterte
admitted that the “government is desperate now. I am desperate now.” In many ways, this tragic
outcome was far from surprising. Across the world, Duterte’s fellow illiberal populists have
bungled the initial phase of the crisis, the period when they had time to listen to medical experts
and put measures into place to reduce the spread of the virus.

Meanwhile, many Philippine health authorities questioned the necessity of conducting

mass testing, claiming it is “unrealistic”. They also failed to establish a robust nationwide
infrastructure to combat the spreading epidemic—through pro-active testing, large-scale contact-
tracing, and targeted quarantines of most affected areas—in the first three months of the year.
III. ALTERNATIVES
COVID-19, the latest coronavirus, has many of us tuned to the television, concerned with loved
ones, and changing our lives to cope with the changes that the pandemic is undergoing in our
homes, classrooms, and workplaces. As the realities of the pandemic response set in a great deal
of socioeconomic injustice has been revealed. Some people find it difficult than others to cope
with the crisis. So it was good to see people step up through different campaigns and some local
governments. The call for economic and health recovery intensifies as the COVID-19 pandemic
persists and the world continues to feel its impacts. Furthermore, the Prevent, Track, Isolate,
Treat, and Reintegrate (PDITR) policy was adopted by the National Government to strike a
healthy balance between reacting to the COVID-19 pandemic and revitalizing the economy. The
said policy refocuses the execution strategy of the country from risk reduction to mitigation of
risks. In addition to taking a toll on the health of the public and the economy, the 2019
coronavirus disease (Covid-19) pandemic has changed the way of life of everyone considerably.
People are forced to remain indoors for months and there is still no cure or vaccine against the
disease as activity is limited to controlling the disease. For different purposes, however many
also defy quarantine protocols. Quarantine violators in the country have crossed over 338,000 as
of August 24. This prompted the government to call on local government units (LGUs),
especially barangays, to step up the enforcement of constraints, particularly in the movement of
people, and repeatedly pursued cooperation to reduce, if not fully eradicate, the number of
infections. Although some dispute these guidelines, some prefer not to get out and be infected
with a much deadlier disease, but to comply and cope with the 'stay at home' disease. This was
expressed in a recent survey published in July by Social Weather Stations (SWS) showing that
76% of Filipinos regularly wear face masks, 65% always wash their hands, and 59% practice
social distancing.

On the other hand, measures to protect workers from SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes
Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), from proximity to and exposure with SARS-CoV-2,
depend on the type of work being carried out and the risk of exposure, including the potential for
contact with people with presumed or confirmed COVID-19 and work environment
contamination. Using effective combination of administrative and engineering controls, safe
work practices, and personal protective equipment (PPE) to avoid worker exposure, employers
should adjust infection prevention techniques based on a comprehensive hazard assessment.
Some OSHA guidelines that refer to the prevention of SARS-CoV-2 occupational exposure
often require employers to train staff on infection prevention components, including PPE. To
help avoid worker exposure to SARS-CoV-2, OSHA has established this interim guidance. For
all U.S. employees and employers, the general advice below applies. Depending on where their
behaviors fall in the exposure risk pyramid of OSHA (Spanish)

Also, it is important to understand that "natural" does not always mean that it is a safer or better
option for your health, although many herbal or dietary supplements (and some prescription
drugs) come from natural sources. Visit our Know the Science resources for tips on how to find
precise, reliable information about health.

As The Department of Health (DOH). Here are the medical facts to help us understand how we
and others can better protect ourselves.

Clean your hands carefully and regularly, using soap and warm water and rub your hands for a
minimum of 20 seconds. Work your wrists, between your fingertips, and under your fingernails
with the lather. You can also use soap with antibacterial and antiviral agents. When you do not
adequately wash your face, use hand sanitizer. Several times a day, particularly after touching
something, including your phone or laptop, wash your hands. Stop touching, including your
mouth, nose and eyes, every part of your face or head. Stop chewing your fingernails as well.
This can provide an opportunity for COVID-19 to travel from your hands into your body. Also
practice social distancing, when one person breathes in droplets that are formed when an
infected person coughs or sneezes, the COVID-19 virus mainly spreads. Moreover, by touching
a surface, any infected person, with or without symptoms, may spread the virus. On that surface,
the coronavirus could stay and someone else could touch it and then touch their mouth, nose, or
eyes. That is why trying to avoid touching public surfaces, or at least trying to clean them with a
disinfectant, is so critical. Social distancing refers to measures taken to discourage the spread of
an infectious illness or to slow it down. For a human, to prevent getting infected or infecting
anyone else, it refers to having enough space (6 feet or more) between yourself and another
individual. School closures, home work orders, library closings, and the suspension of
gatherings and larger activities help to enforce community-level social distancing.
On the other side of the coin, on 31 October 2020, under the supervision of PLTCOL MACISTE
EXTOR B SERRANO, Chief of Staff, the Traffic Enforcement Unit (TEU) continuously
conducted regular marshaling, inspection and implementation of the Guidelines and Health
Protocols of the Inter-Agency Task Force (IATF) COVID-19, as well as providing police
presence and area security at the Bus Terminal located at the Integrated Transport Terminal
(ITTF)

Plus, SEN. On Sunday, Christopher Lawrence "Bong" Go urged the Inter-Agency Task Force on
Emerging Infectious Disease Management (IATF-EID) to strictly implement health safety
guidelines to prevent the further spread of the 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic of coronavirus disease.
The Senator, chairman of the Senate Health Committee, also reminded the public that their
cooperation could save lives by observing the quarantine protocols. He encouraged the IATF-
EID to consult with more experts from different fields and to involve groups ready to share their
expertise on how to deal with the pandemic. In order to help health workers, track Covid-19
cases, Go recommended that local government units should intensify the localized lockdown
strategy and the implementation of Oplan Kalinga.
 RECOMMENDATIONS

As the COVID-19 pandemic persists and the country continues to feel its effects, the call for
economic and health recovery amplifies. In response, the National Government implemented its
Prevent, Detect, Isolate, Treat, and Reintegrate (PDITR) strategy to strike a healthy balance
between responding to the COVID-19 pandemic and revitalizing the economy. The said strategy
refocuses the country’s implementation strategy from risk avoidance to risk mitigation. With the
implementation of the PDITR strategy, recent data showed remarkable and favorable outturn.
Also, IATF (lnter Agency Task Force) implements a resolution to stop the spreading of this
infectious disease. COVID-19 spreads primarily from person to person. Fighting this disease is
our joint responsibility.

Protect yourself and others by making these 6 simple precautions your new habits:

1. Clean your hands often

2.Cough or sneeze in your bent elbow - not your hands!

3.Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth

4.Limit social gatherings and time spent in crowded places

5.Avoid close contact with someone who is sick

6.Clean and disinfect frequently touched objects and surfaces

To Know how it spreads:

COVID-19 spreads easily from person to person, mainly by the following routes:

Between people who are in close contact with one another (within 6 feet).
Through respiratory droplets produced when an infected person coughs, sneezes, breathes, sings
or talks.

Respiratory droplets cause infection when they are inhaled or deposited on mucous membranes,
such as those that line the inside of the nose and mouth.

People who are infected but do not have symptoms can also spread the virus to others.

Less common ways COVID-19 can spread

Under certain circumstances (for example, when people are in enclosed spaces with poor
ventilation), COVID-19 can sometimes be spread by airborne transmission.

COVID-19 spreads less commonly through contact with contaminated surfaces.

Everyone Should:

Wash your hands often

Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 20 seconds especially after you have
been in a public place, or after blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing.

It’s especially important to wash:

Before eating or preparing food

Before touching your face

After using the restroom

After leaving a public place

After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing

After handling your mask

After changing a diaper

After caring for someone sick

After touching animals or pets

If soap and water are not readily available, use a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60%
alcohol. Cover all surfaces of your hands and rub them together until they feel dry.

Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands.

Avoid close contact

Inside your home: Avoid close contact with people who are sick.

If possible, maintain 6 feet between the person who is sick and other household members.

Outside your home: Put 6 feet of distance between yourself and people who don’t live in your
household.

Remember that some people without symptoms may be able to spread virus.

Stay at least 6 feet (about 2 arms’ length) from other people.

Keeping distance from others is especially important for people who are at higher risk of getting
very sick.

Cover your mouth and nose with a mask when around others

Masks help prevent you from getting or spreading the virus.

You could spread COVID-19 to others even if you do not feel sick.

Everyone should wear a mask in public settings and when around people who don’t live in your
household, especially when other social distancing measures are difficult to maintain.

Masks should not be placed on young children under age 2, anyone who has trouble breathing,
or is unconscious, incapacitated or otherwise unable to remove the mask without assistance.

Do NOT use a mask meant for a healthcare worker. Currently, surgical masks and N95
respirators are critical supplies that should be reserved for healthcare workers and other first
responders.
Continue to keep about 6 feet between yourself and others. The mask is not a substitute for
social distancing.

Cover coughs and sneezes

Always cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when you cough or sneeze or use the inside of
your elbow and do not spit.

Throw used tissues in the trash.

Immediately wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. If soap and water are
not readily available, clean your hands with a hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol.

Clean and disinfect

Clean AND disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily. This includes tables, doorknobs, light
switches, countertops, handles, desks, phones, keyboards, toilets, faucets, and sinks.

If surfaces are dirty, clean them. Use detergent or soap and water prior to disinfection.

Then, use a household disinfectant. Most common EPA-registered household disinfectants

external icon will work.

Monitor Your Health Daily

Be alert for symptoms. Watch for fever, cough, shortness of breath, or other symptoms of
COVID-19.

Especially important if you are running essential errands, going into the office or workplace, and
in settings where it may be difficult to keep a physical distance of 6 feet.

Take your temperature if symptoms develop.

Don’t take your temperature within 30 minutes of exercising or after taking medications that
could lower your temperature, like acetaminophen.

Follow CDC guidance if symptoms develop.

 In this pandemic, people are just staying at home following rules to keep them safe.
Many people are spending time with their family and try to cope up with this problem. They
used to entertain their selves and also keep their body healthy. Some people spending time doing
exercises at home to keep them physically fit. There are ways to have fun while we are suffering
with this kind of situation. We can do painting, drawing and also doing indoor activities. As an
individual and a part of our society we cannot just sit here and relax while our dearest frontlines
are battling for an enemy that is not visible. We can make our country free for this infectious
disease by following our government also by the help of the IATF guidelines to stop the
speeding of this virus. We can make this problem out of our lives by following and doing the
protocols. To be a discipline person can make this country free for this virus. Holding this in
mind, many Filipinos still believe the only thing they can contribute to efforts to contain the
pandemic is compliance with quarantine laws.
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