REVIEW ARTICLE

Address for Correspondence

Sarika Vinod Khadse
Water Birth
Address : Florence Nightingale Khadse SV1, Alwardkar I1, Jawade S1, Shende S1,
Training College Of Nursing, Nursing Tutor1, Dept Of Florence Nightingale Training College Of Nursing , [Link]
[Link] Meghe Meghe Memorial College Of Nursing, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences,
Memorial College Of Nursing, Sawangi(M), Wardha, Maharashtra.
Datta Meghe Institute of
Medical Sciences, Sawangi(M),
Wardha, Maharashtra ABSTRACT :
Email : sarikaselsurkar@gmail. Background: For almost every community, people have been using water baths to alleviate
com stress, relax muscles and minimize pain. It is also not recent. The first waterborne we know
phone : 9503807766 about in Europe was in France. It is currently practiced in Delhi, Mumbai, Goa, Kochi, and
Hyderabad in India. The Tulip Women’s Health Care centre has the privilege of delivering
Submission : 3-10-2020 the first water baby to India. However several physicians such as Igor Charkovsky, Michel
Revised : 28-10-2020 odent, Mechael Rosenthal and Grantly Dick-Read officially introduced it in Russia,France,
Acceptance : 10-11-2020 England and the US respectively. Dr. Odent published his results of the first 100 water births
in the lancet in 1983. Giving birth to water (rather than working in it) is a relatively recent
How to Access development in the western world. This article will mostly focus on Water birth. In this
this Article article, I talked about water birth and the positive and negative aspects of water birth. The
childbirth of the water is the process of labour; to feel the mother more relax and less
Website : painful experience. The theory behind the birth of the water is that the baby has been in
[Link] amniotic sac for nine months and giving birth to similar environment is gentler for the baby
and also helps to minimize stress for the mother.
KEYWORDS: hydrotherapy, water, birth, mother, baby, Labour

INTRODUCTION : behavioural change when reproductive capacity

The childbirth of water is the method of giving birth is established. Midwives are with woman offering
in warm water in a bathtub. Some females want supportive and beneficial relationships for the family
to give birth to baby in the water and get out for as they share the intense and meaningful childbirth
delivery. And a mother whose labour was incredibly experiences. Nursing students need to develop
long and demanding was helped into a warm bath. analytical skills and relevant knowledge of midwifery
Shortly after immersing herself in the pool, her based on their personal experiences and practice to
labour progressed, she started pushing and in the become professional helpers2.
bath she gave birth to her child1. CRITERIA FOR WATER BIRTH:
Midwives, beginning centres and increasingly more • Women’s weight less than 100 kg
obstetricians accept as true with that decreasing • Cephalic presentation
labour pressure and transport will minimize fatal
complications. Water birth always occurs under the • A healthy mother who can get out of the pool
supervision of a professional healthcare provider. quickly
This cycle of birthing has gained much recognition • Women’s who has normal temperature , pulse and
over the last few years. blood pressure
Few to no studies have been conducted on birth in • Women’s who has normal contractions
water or even less on the use of water in the early
• Women’s who has no history of seizures2.
(latent) stage of work relaxation, but the standard
data so far has no longer demonstrated any hazards. BENEFITS FOR MOTHER:
Sadly, not all of us are fit for birth in water anymore2. • Its help to increase the sense of control
Adolescence is the time to plan for great • Relaxing, secure , warm and drug free environment
responsibilities to be learned, a time for discovery
and expanding horizons, and a time for ensuring How to Cite this article : SR Khadse, I Alwadkar, S. Jawade,
safe, all round growth. Puberty is also a time of S. Shende. Water Birth. [Link] Health Sciences
2020; 1,2:49-53

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water birth  Khadse et al

• Less need for pain relief as pain threshold appears • It creates a peaceful environment
increased • It help to speed up the labor
• A dimmed room and birthing pool may feel more • It improves the confidence of women
private than a bright labour ward, helping you relax
even more • In which minimize the chances of tearing because
water helps to relax the pelvic floor muscles and
• Women’s have less painful contractions soften the perineum.
• Minimize the need of analgesic(pain relief) during • Breastfeeding can be encouraged immediately.3
labor
BENEFITS FOR BABY:
• Minimize need for labour-intensive medications.
• A more gentle birth for the fetus.
• The period of labor is Shorter
• Environment provides same like as the amniotic
• In third stage of labor water has been shown to sac.
boost women’s power
• Relieves the stress of birth , thus increasing
• The buoyancy effect decreases the body weight of reassurance and a sense of security.3
a mother and allows for free movements and new
posture. RISK DURING WATER BIRTH
• The upward force exerted by a fluid facilitates • Both may have chances to get an infection.
increase powerful uterine contractions and increased • Baby shouldn’t start breathing until he comes out
blood circulation leading to stronger uterine muscle of the water and into the air.
oxygenation, less mother discomfort and more
• Baby body temperature can be either too high or
oxygen to fetus
too low
• It’s also helps to decrease blood pressure which is
• Child may have seizure or can’t breath.4
caused by anxiety.
CONDITIONS WHICH ARE NOT SUITABLE OR
• Water appears to reduce the hormones associated
BIRTH IN WATER
with stress, allowing the body of the mother to
develop endorphins that act as pain-inhibitors. • Herpes: Herpes passes readily to water, so she
will thoroughly address the risk with her health care
• It’s reduce the tearing the water soften the tissue
provider.
of perineum (the area between vagina and anus)
making them more supple and able to stretch to • Breechpresentation: Although water births have
accommodate the baby’s head as it passes through. been done with first presentations on the bottom or
This also means less need for episiotomy. the legs.
• It’s help to provide calm and quite environment • She should talk thoroughly with her health care
which helps you feel safe and secure while delivery provider regarding problems .
• During labour, the lady feels comfortable; she • Women’s have excessive bleeding or maternal
can relax emotionally with a better willingness to infection.
concentrate on the childbirth process. • Twinspregnancies: While water births have been
• In which women’s have a greater sense of privacy, productive with twin births all over the world, she
which can help to minimize anxiety and fear should address this risk with her doctor thoroughly.
• The relaxing effect of warm water helps to provide • Preterm labour: women’s are not allowed to be
endorphins which promoting the body’s herbal ache born with water when a fetus is premature (two or
remedy mechanism women’s are more likely to be more weeks before due date)
born naturally. • Severe meconium: Meconium mild to moderate
• The experience of labor is more enjoyable is relatively common. since meconium floats into
a tub’s surface, her health care professional must

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watch over it and either remove it, or get her out it something she wants for herself or is she doing it
of the pool. In addition, muconium washes off the because a person ales asks her to ? Continue to be
baby’s face and also comes out of the nose and versatile and permit goes of her expectancies that
mouth while the bay is still underwater. The woman she might in some manner have to supply her baby.
will raise her pelvis out of it. If the water is stained • Examine how she will feel when her baby is born
and birth is imminent in water.
• Toxaemia or preeclampsia: Families will address • She touch with her own anxiety
this risk in detail with their health care providers
: mothers under seventeen years of age or older • Most important thing is she will develop and trust
than thirty five years of age , complications such her own intuition
as preeclampsia or diabetes, if premature infants, • The bath have to be wide enough to sit down in
mothers with a very big infant, mothers need to simply shallow sufficient for the water to attain an
be closely monitored which can’t be done in the aperture degree, as a way to preserve a suitable
bathroom if the mother is contaminated4. diploma of buoyancy.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA FOR WATER BIRTH: • The water should be easy: if it’s pure enough to
• Pregnancy at low risk single pregnancy more than drink, its natural enough to give delivery. Requires
37 weeks of gestation no chemical compounds but a cup of salt in keeping
with bathtub can save you the skin from turning into
• Foetus is in longitudinal lie wrinkled and waterlogged.
• clear amniotic fluid (if meconium is present, may • Do not adds any essential oils if you are planning
work in the tub but may require birth in bed to be born in a bathtub unless you first dilute them
• Normal fetal heart rate tracing in ml of milk.
• Professional Nursing staffs are still attends while • The temperature of the water have to be among
the tub is in operation5. 35c and 38c relying for your preference. Regulate
the temperature for your consolation.
CONTRAINDICATIONS OF WATER BIRTH:
• When the water is too cold, you will lose body
• Preterm labour
heat trying to stay warm, if she has shivering, she
• Blood or skin infection transmissible will become nervous because it’s assumed that cold
• Mother has fever above 100.4° people don’t get their placentas well formed.
• Severe Menorrhagia • If the water is too hot, it will feel drowsy, overheated,
and dilate all her vessels.
• Abnormal fatal heart rate monitoring
• Your blood pressure decreases so that you feel
• Foetus have macrosomia weak and after birth it is more likely to bleed.
• History of shoulder dystocytic history • If she want heat locally, say on the back, use dry,
• Previous history of caesarean section wet clothing or hot packs while her kneel in the
• Malposition, or multiple pregnancy5. water.6

Locations where can water birth occur: At home, at PLANNING FOR WATER BIRTH:
some birthing centres and at hospital6. • Figure out whether mother has to carry her own
PREPARATION FOR BIRTH IN WATER equipment after receiving permission from the
hospital or birth centre for a water birth.
• First of all, she needs to put together her thoughts
(this consist of informed consent problems)and • When mother wants to give birth in her own bath
discover her very own motivations, incentives and at home, mother is likely to want a thermometer
expectations to want a water beginning, ask herself available to determine the temperature of the water.
what made her want a water beginning, and why is (Birthing tubs are fitted with a thermometer).

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water birth  Khadse et al

• When mother wants to buy her own supplies, let • When mother suddenly felt lightheaded, it might
the insurance provider know about their plans as be difficult to quickly and safely ger her out of the
soon as they make them, so they will cover the cost.7 water.
WHAT HAPPEN WHEN MOTHER GO FOR • Many clinics, birth centers and home birth teams
LABOUR? have a protocol on how to supply placenta, many of
• Once mother goes for labour, call the doctor, fill up them for health reasons on beds, toilets birth stubs
their tub after that and wait for her to arrive before or floor mat.
getting in. • The transmission of the placenta in the pool can be
• Then, change the water of tub to maintain the accelerated by injection oxytocin
temperature at 95 to 100 degree Celsius and it is not • Slightly lifted out of the water would be required
more than 101 degrees. (Otherwise the temperature for this to occur.
of body would increase, thus raising her heart rate.) • Mother will then have to leave the pool in matter
• Have plenty of drinking water in her side, along of minutes to deliver the placenta.9
with a few washing clothing her coach will damp WHEN MIGHT MOTHER NEED TO GET OUT OF
her face or neck with cold water. With a Doppler THE POOL
underwater device the practitioner can monitor the
condition of the infant • When midwifes see meconium
• Once it comes to pushing, ensure the family has • If patients having bleed from the vagina
already discussed their strategy with their doctor, • When the baby’s heart rhythm increases, for
because this is the most potentially dangerous example when heart rate shifts, increases in the
aspect of a water birth, and experts warn against temperature and blood pressure.
pushing and delivering under water.
• If the labour shows down when mother go for the
• During the labour, their partner may be in the tub toilet (mother can leave and return),
or pool with them to support them psychologically
• If her contractions get weaker
and then get out of the water when she’s ready to
push the baby (literally) to play catch. • To deliver the placenta.9
• Keep in mind that if she follows the advice of CONCLUSION:
ACOG (American college of Obstetricians and The birth of water is a worldwide choice for
Gynaecologists Committee) and wants to deliver conception. However , in India it is less popular. Water
underwater, her baby is not only at risk for the above birth is a choice for low- risk patients in renowned
mentioned complications but the umbilical cord will hospital as well as in small hospital and birth centres.
break , cutting off the oxygen lifeline of her little one. In water conception, analgesic requirements have
• That puts him in further danger because when the been reduced relative to other delivery positions.
placenta is separated from the uterus (which can Water birth seems secure for both the mother and
happen at any time after delivery) neonate when people are properly chosen.
• It can no lomger supply enough oxygen to your DISCUSSION:
baby. Water birth is a process by which mother gives birth
• When the baby arrives, his doctor places him to a baby in a hot tub. In our paper we find that
upright on their chest.8 mother and baby have some advantages and risks.
This working method is not popular in the world,
PROCESS TO DELIVER THE PLACENTA
although in some countries it is used. We need a
• Doctor is likely ask to mother for placenta from the suitable sagefriend and we need permission for birth
tub, as gravity can be beneficial in the third stage. in water from a hospital or birth center.
• This also encourages their welfare after birth or
during the third step or research

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water birth  Khadse et al

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