INDUSTRIAL VISIT REPORT ON
INDIRA SAGAR (POLAVARAM) PROJECT
NAME OF THE PLACE: - POLAVARAM, WEST GODAVARI DIST., A.P
NAME OF THE PROJECT: - INDIRA SAGAR (POLAVARAM) PROJECT
NAME OF THE WORKS: - EARTH-CUM-ROCKFILL DAM, SPILLWAY
GATES, HYDROELECTRIC PROJECTS, CHANNELS CONSTRUCTION.
DATE OF VISIT: - 25/01/2020.
LIST OF THE FACULTY ACCOMPANIED: -
1) Dr.A.Manjunath.
2) Mr.Sanjay kumar.
3) Miss.Mounika.
NO OF STUFENTS VISITED: - 40
BATCH: 3𝑟𝑑 Year B.Tech students.
All the B.Tech Third year students of Department of Civil
Engineering have visited the Constructing work of Polavaram project in
Polavaram. All the students observed and learned many aspects like Spillway
foundation details, diaphragm wall and Polavaram Project Technical Details and
project Benefits.
PURPOSE: -
Polavaram Project is a multi-purpose irrigation project which has
been accorded national project status by the central government. This dam across
the Godavari River is under construction located in West Godavari District and
East Godavari District in Andhra Pradesh state and its reservoir spreads in parts
of Chhattisgarh and Odisha States also.
The Polavaram Project’s Main Three Purposes are 1st Supply Water
for Irrigating these Godavari, Krishna & Utharandhra Districts. 2nd Godavari
ater in diverted to Krishna River for to irrigate high lying lands. 3 rd To more
secure the Krishna Godavari Deltas from Drought.
Polavaram Project Water supply to these Districts are West
Godavari, Krishna Districts through left Main canal and East Godavari,
Vishakhapatnam, Vijayanagaram, Srikakulam District through Right Main canal.
National River –Linking Project, which works under the aegis of the Indian
Ministry of Water Resources, was designed to overcome the deficit in water in
the State.
PROJECT TECHNICAL DETAILS: -
The project reservoir has live storage 75.2 tmcft at canal's full
supply level of 41.15 metres (135 ft.) MSL and gross storage 194 tmcft thereby
enabling irrigation of 23,20,000 acre (including stabilisation of existing irrigated
lands) in Krishna, West Godavari, East Godavari, Visakhapatnam, Vizianagaram
and Srikakulam districts of Andhra Pradesh.
The silt free dead storage water of nearly 100 tmcft above the
spillway crest level 24.5 metres (80 ft.) MSL, can also be used in downstream lift
irrigation projects (Pattiseema lift, Tadipudi lift, Thorrigedda lift, Pushkara lift,
Purushothapatnam lift, Venkatanagaram lift, Chagalnadu lift, etc.) and
Dowleswaram Barrage during the summer months.
Governament of AP announced the decision to construct
Purushothapatnam lift irrigation scheme to transfer water at the rate of 3500
cusecs to Polavaram left bank canal and Yeleru reservoir to feed Yeleru canal
which is supplying water to Vizag city. All the irrigated lands under these lift
schemes can be supplied from Polavaram right and left canals by gravity flow
when Polavaram reservoir level is above the canal's full supply level of 41.15 m
MSL. However these lift stations are to be operated every year during the dry
season to draw water from the substantial dead storage available behind the flood
gates of the Polavaram dam.
The dam construction involves building of a 1.5 m thick concrete
diaphragm wall up to depths from 40 to 120 m below the river bed under the earth
dam which is first of its kind in India. The purpose of diaphragm wall is to secure
the river bed stability for withstanding the water pressure across the dam. The project
would constitute an earth-cum-rock fill dam of 2,310 metres (7,580 ft.) length,
spillway of 907 metres (2,976 ft.) with 44 vents to enable discharge of 3,600,000 cu
ft/s (100,000 m3/s) of water. The spillway is located on the right bank of the river
for which nearly 5.5 km long and 1.0 km wide approach and spill channels up to
river bed level is envisaged involving nearly 70 million cubic meters earth/rock
excavation which is nearly 2/3rd of the project's total earth work. The maximum
flood level at Polavaram is 28 metres (92 ft.) MSL and lowest water level is 10.9
metres (36 ft.) MSL. A cofferdam is planned up to 41
metres (135 ft.) MSL initially to facilitate faster pace of work on earth-cum-rock
fill dam to complete the first phase of the project by June 2018. With coffer dam
inclusion and the bed level of the approach and discharge canals of the spillway
increased to 17 metres (56 ft.) MSL, the spillway related rock excavation is
reduced by 70% leading to substantial cost reduction in the project's head works
cost. Ultimately, the cofferdam would become peripheral portion of the main
earth-cum-rock fill dam. On the left side of the river, 12 water turbines, each
having 80 megawatt capacity, were to be installed. The right canal connecting to
Krishna River in the upstream of Prakasam Barrage (173 kilometres (107 mi)
long) discharges 17,500 cu ft/s (500 m3/s) at head works and left canal (182
kilometres (113 mi) long) discharges 17,500 cu ft/s (500 m3/s) of water.
SOME KNOWN FACTS ABOUT PROJECT: -
Polavaram project which is under construction on River Godavari
in Andhra Pradesh state aims to give water to River Krishna at Vijayawada and
to Vishakapatnam City and the lands enroute to it through its left and right canals.
Due to the huge budget of the Polavaram Project and dependency on the central
government, it is estimated to take another 5-7 years to complete. The right canal
that connects Polavaram project with Krishna River at Vijayawada was 70-80%
complete.
FIG: 1. POLAVARAM PROJECT MAP
The Pattiseema lift irrigation project would lift the surplus
flooding water from river Godavari into the Right Canal. Under the Bachawat
tribunal and inter-state agreement between Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and
Andhra Pradesh, 80 tmc of water can be diverted from River Godavari to River
Krishna. Pattiseema project will bring the 80 TMC water to River Krishna.
FIG: 2. LIFT IRRIGATION PROJECT WOULD PUMP WATER
INTO RIGHT CANAL.
Andhra Pradesh is making Nation’s dream true by integration 2
major rivers Godavari and Krishna. The water from Pattiseema project will travel
approx. 160 Km and will join River Krishna at Vijayawada in the up waters of
prakasam barrage.
FIG: 3. 80 TMC OF GODAVARI WATER WILL REACH
KRISHNA RIVER AT VIJAYAWADA.
Every year, water allocated to Andhra Pradesh on river Krishna
are shared throughout the catchment area. Water from Srisailam will be released
further down to Nagarjuna Sagar project and then further down to Prakasam
Barrage to serve the needs of Krishna Delta. Now that, water from Godavari is
filling up Krishna River at Prakasam barrage we wouldn’t need the water from
Srisailam Dam which is the upstream of River Krishna. Saved water in River
Krishna is distributed to the Rayalaseema through Pothireddypadu head regulator
for its Irrigational and Domestic needs making it a drought free region.
FIG: 4. SAVED WATER IN RIVER KRISHNA IS DISTRIBUTED TO
RAYALASEEME.
A MODEL VIEW OF POLAVARAM PROJECT.
CONSTRUCTION SITE VIEW OF POLAVARAM PROJECT.
