UnstIV

PUsh doun,Attonmata
Aukonata (ba ay fmplemeat
o acoy fnthesane
Y PUShdoOn
ty e desfm orA fona reguki (lavmman Mfommalnbut a
DFA m2emembeg afoke amcumt of
*A
fIf
PDA can Nmmbey an Ménfle amount of
NFA Ngmeted th an cx}omalsocke
PDA Í8 &fmp am
momery'. Ppovfde a last-fn-fut-ut
*The add{fon of Skack fb ubed to
o pUshdown autonnta
memOny magemnt dirbsliy nbounded arrount of P
can sone ayn
* PUshdouwn autoata amt Df fIE on the Shack
he Stace·TE an ateh almfled poP
cn fheStock and
pubh aneement onto the top of
*A PDA Con the stoch:
an element fionn the aP of clemenments
the stack the top
*T0nCad an elomnt fnto
nubt be PoPPed off and ae obt ongage ckgch danbe
mone pooerfal than FA Any
A PDA f6
Gan also be accP}able by PDA:
aCleplable by FA cohsch even amtbe
aeps a clas of guage
y PDA allo

PUsh on PP
0
sack PDA
 fnput tae tb dfvided fn many cly onJtmbr
Tnpot tape;- e
only and may ony move from left to
-
The fnputhcad fs rcod fme.
aght onc 8ymbol ata Pointo1 okch Pobybe
þ701 las Sone
&-Finfte con-nol:- TheFfnfte con rad
cwnemt Aymbol whch fsto be
the Fnutwe fn ohch coc Cay Pobh and
3-Sack g- The btack fs a s an fnffnffe Bí3c.
end nypt has
neMOVe the ffoms fom one the flems onpojail
to stone
m PDA Hhe stack SB vbcd ponon}&
defned as a aoletfon of i Com
Tne PDA con be
A: The Ffnite sct of States
Apkabet
s:The fnpot &et
The SnfHal ate
0 inn.
astart Aymbol cobfch fs PPREd omhesa
: canbe púshed and
aslack Aymbo b{ch
of fral Bates
: 'a set cuvient
wsed fon moving Bam
6: Mappfagfntfon oKch fs
Tansifon Functíon 6(ahax)
state bo nott bhate- (on)
TYPe3FSM-JFÍnfte aymoontof fnoaionn
R-G fnfomalfon
CFÚ-’ TPea ’ PDA -> Dnffte amoumt of
Stack
PDA=(a,6if, 0201F)
aopeatfons

+POP
PBA =FsM+ stack
Stple+ ahoples
PDA 7FUPples
 TatontancoUs Desrpfon - (TD)
fnput
D 18 an fnfonmal notatfon of how aPDA(mpotes an
SRvg avd male a dcdsim lat shzng is acepled onted
TD of PDA T{ple(4, io, covent Slalle.
Sfate sg tobe roNd
+ (fallen T)TUNSTILE NOTATION
+sfrgle move * mutiplelscqucnce of moves
ED check the aephance of srg

L jab,aabb, oaabbb-
aaabbb
he given statrg (0 aaabbb,zo) (an.aabbb,a
Sunsfo table
S(ao1aj2o) -orazo) aopabbba(a0,abbb,aaz)
lar0,abbby2)H(aorbbb, aaar)
Sl0ib1a) (a1;e) (aptbb, aazo)
j obbby20)
ilanbya) -an,e ab bothane not match so
HOIC
elinnfnate
Oooibbi2)+ (an, b; ao)
E, zo)
ACeptcd-»t (93,e)
 aabbbC, 0aabCec - --
1fabc,aabcc,
Shng s4 aabec gabca t(ao,abcc, ao)
8(@bra,2) =o,a20) 0 bccaaz0)
08014,29)
cc,20)-(a cC,aa)
o1aao). ao, b
baoibia)
-(51) ad Cj20) (a2 E20)
S(a21 e,20)

aaabbcc aaabbccc}
n=m) L= fabe dabcc
nm) n2a m - 0 3 ,
m
n>lim
a Psho)
a'b c. of c's. b oncharge
eaut to no
noofas fA cPOP)
arop
8(30raj20)-(4na2e) aTOP 2:

6(Dr
lal
6(@1icia) =(a21e)a 1:jab1cj
6(43, a)
e, =(99, c) POP

(le2,e2o) =(a5,e)
(on)
F- s
6(401abcC, a00) (ao) bcc, a00) S(a0,Cj20)+[ag, e,c)
"6lab 1bcC10020) }(4)CC,a0)
Czo)
8(40 1CC) a20) (a
The arguages ot PDA -APlanee hy Fial sate ?
constOLEt PDA fo one bvgucqe L= Jan n] nzlj
PUsh all as on ko the sack
sBPO:- YnfHaly occscarge the bhate a pofPa'f n
SR: wheneyon t
the sack unHL sack ss ermpy.
stepa
StcRS) ReRat
=jab,oabbyaaabbb---
mput sBvg 16 a aa bbble|
et us jake the la
20
6(o1a1a) (oiaazg)

ga?o) -(,e)
6(39, bi
8(,bia) = (a4ye)
8(an1e120) = (21e)
Sháng aabb azo)
(o, abb,
6lao aabbze)
aro)t (a) bbyaazo)
6(a0)abb b,azo)
bbi0020)}(an FiralSfate.
S(ar0 F(anr¬)
a20)
Slgo by
Ex conb}ot a PDA to nccognike Ahe argvage
Ljwlna tw) =nb(w)
ax

Ababe
6(r01bi20) roi bzo
S(01aa)
6(ar0yayb) =(ao, e) E )
6(vo, bya) - (ao1¬)
6(aro1bib) (apbb)
s(20 B,20) =/afr2o) acceplonce by fnalsfate
(on)
abab
6(ao,ababizo) I(ao, 070)
6(avo bab 20) (ar0) 6)

6(aro, b azo) (ao, e)

6(a016,20) ( , G,20)
accepBanee by Hral blatc.
-babb
(aro bzo)
6(babbi20) (aoie) 80,¬, bbzp)
6(abbibo) gefccted
20)E (ar01 b2o)
ex cobhut aPDA A0 acCeP} a og uage such klak)

ababa
8(gbaba20) (ao azo))
BRaba azo) +(ao1e)
6Cabay20) (ao a20)
6(bayazo) + (ao, e)
F(01azo)
(ar0, azo)
6(a, zo)
(voazo)
1a,20o)-
6(30 (oo bz0)
6(a0rbi20) -
- ro ibb)
B(ar01 byb) ie)
fluo1aib) - (a0
6(a01bia) -(0ve)
-(ao1e)-Noofas
6(av0,eia) -(vo)e)-Ndofbh.
6la01eib)
ACCep}ante bË Cnpy slackaFtoE
EL Conb}7Uct a PDA to aCCPt Ahe argage
L fonyan) nzi L-fabb, 0abbbb
ef ven shfng epoo
aabbbb
6(401a20)#(v0,a20) aiala b,aja
6(ar01arao) = (aro ,aa brola
6(0 b,a (aa) bbb,)
bbbb,aazo)H(ay,bby0)
6(30, aro)t(q2 b2o)
bbby (a2,by
S(ao 20)
6(a,b,a) kaje) G(aoslaai0,b1b?0) (aniê,
bb
20)al
20) (h
=
6(a216,20)
012é fe)SnpyAtatk.
bnguage woR hee
pbA to Negnßk
ex) Cons}noLt a

ai20) = a01azo)
S(a01 (0b20)
8(aoiby20) =
6(4o1a1a) = ao1aa (ee)
aib) = (01ab)
6( vo, ba)
6(a0,bja)
(40, bb) lane)
6(90tbib) =
 0(40rei20)
(a01ei20) 6 8(
brb)n6
6(
nE20)

=
efz0)b (ti20)-b
(arfi
e)-by

2rnpy ffnal
sjabeslate
21e) 6(a1bib)
6lannca)
6=(ibb)
6(01a1a)
(o1aa)
(arob1 6 o"
Empty
(a2,
20) C, a) slace
b) min
= =
6,30)- (21¬)s1e) -(niba) n,mz) ko
Fhral
Ffral aabbccC late
8(11Gb)
state(a1Ez0) (ane)
6 (ane)
'l01Cib)
8(01bib)
(0tbb) a(
8ÜOLa20)o1a30)
aro1bia) -

)=(a20)(ae) = =(oi
ba)
o)sprtduutfonu.g 4
te e
then23ymbols Henc (g0,a20) az0)= 6(v0
lojal doca the
pnodvcfons Oicate e
P.s v,T fon plefe Com OCHrc
FOmabs
then
fao2040 slats
roblem main the HcIe
(s1go.a.40]Lpa4r3,
oitha s}arts V:
ed shatng4p V=
P,ANSGT,
5)
of funetim6=TunsiHon F$k
vaajabes t V:s}ake ctof
labt fsock 3|0
asf:8 M:
=(ae) (aye,70) 6
(a) biaj (an 6(uya) &(*0:b1a)
(vo1aa) 8(0A1a) (voi20) (*o10120) 8
ó oPDA
lomfniskc
PDA and EqÁvaleMce
PDA of
 have to olethe
6}ate ao tosce&

also o altoate

Hc the shace fs asym

6(yo191g(vorga) henpme 4Þrodcbon
Prodbns
a
aastac
Sao a agl>n a a o, aed

f'ao a

&Producfo)
a

8(an,bia) =(ana)
 Eanivalene
S(1u4) e)
a
Z0

of
e PDAb
ond
PrIodvuion cFals
nhiru)
EX Corvot the folloofg PDA fn}o CPG

S(a), l;2) =(ixz)

-(ane)
S(Pux) =(Pe) 6(Proz) =i)
Bpat&ui

a~48stacks.

6(a))x)
 6(Pry)(Pre)
no Pnodotns

6X CoNOt PDA Eo cp6:

S(401a120) goazo)
S(90 tba = (ana)
(bia)
8 = (ia)
=
 (ue) 6(41a1a)
tonsnals the stepPA above the Hoc
ajb (i) D(416is)
6(aeis)
(ai
bsb) = bsb 5-
(,asa) 8(,615)- SJasaI
s-c S-bsb, sSasa ,
from) fConves
on EX
PDA CFot0
above the Here
the sBePs
(aieB) B1)8
ol:ennírals -(an) BS1s,
(1E
B) 6
13)s) (,
(4'1e,A)= ( AD0S,
09) $>AB,68
=(iA5) (1¬,s)
B-16|) A-)05D S-SAB,
A-Je HIc PDAcons}ut
faman ome fon fO
(re) 6(iaia)
Tonfyal Fo) a
(rd) 6(ue1A)
}onfnalA Ynon FOn J:
-PDA of
to CF61 Convenion
EX oNni on co to PDA
S asa] bsb ) apb bPa Paplbple
Sasa S(a,e,s) = &(as asa)
SJbsb &lae,s) 6(4n bb)
5apb 6(ane,s) =6(aiapb)
s5 bpa 6(ane,s) -8l4,bpa)
PJap (a)¬P) =8(a1 aP)
8
8(aneP) -6(aibp)
Pe 5(a1¬,P) 5(a16)
above tormínal! ab
Hrc thc
6laoiaia) (re)
ôlatbib) (ane)
EX orNOSÍon cPh to PDA
sJosiloo]u!
sb0si 6(a1E)6)= 8(4,05))
5>00 6(aie)s) =6(100)
6lae, s) -8(an)
above fominals fboi1'
Hoc he

S(ann)=ne)
 voeofw
Detorrnnisfc PDA fn(o)
: ocwR} ois
Er conslot agpDA fon o's '3 o1c110
be deffned as ant no Df
0 Can
cO20|020 o|10
2o]1203n1

osaazale
ollC)lO

1C110, 022)(an1cilD)zo)
6lr0
S(anjcnoz0) (i, co, 20) 8/20, 0,zo)=(aro1w70
(2) 1O120)o1 70,lo) -,zo)
6(10120) F 6(1j2e) (ie)
o129)
(a2) 29)
(g,e,l20) 8(, 1,00) >

Dla210 120) 6l42,11z0) >(2,120

miei120) (as,e) (3lbo
la210)I120)-
Te0 stacls PoshdocOy) Aabomata
PPA Cnafng stack slach
webave to se Top
Rat hone hu toPfc aabbcc

I Hoe }he slack acccPt a

sigle clemcnt fA accpt paceihoctep
aCCep sfrgle'a taaabbc
tooslacb
8Haelhe Bame emgalplabeks
to'aa's aabbc
also
perfomI POP OPoakon
35f bach b aabbcc)
4-Then Sane a'e'

aaa bbbcce--{ aßume topof

2jabe, aabbcc e, eleible Hestaefse
laelaile)

sBacky noofaben
oNcnCS
oycnes Push fnto
stcPO whencvo à
sherO
$8 Pofonshace

ev1cocce POP b fn sa
ooken
 BL' Nsn a Too slacs PDA fonannenan/neNt
1Sabcd aabbecdd, aaabbbccc---1
h on lo stace
serD: RCad a's and Pus
Peod c's b} Popig
to slaCea then
slcP) Pead A
SCPS: b on
bAn sBack d's bt poPPfoge's
slockt -Hen Rcad
skPEO: POsh e's onto
from stack

F
sack)
stach

S2
Z0
b
b

(6)
F.c
20J
5
 FC

6(go,a;202,) - (uo, azD;2 )

s*0, b,a,2) (,e}b2)
&l4osb,aybh)=(n6,bb)

(43,8,)
6/a dc2) =(3,¬,4)
(PfEo1)-F'nal

pDA fon Ahe ongage

a T00 -sjace fllchne
er Desfan lee tfdof
Problem we
bothSiasspeelene
HOe
fne
aaabbbecef
Lfabc,aabbcc,

S(40, a j20,2) 00,C2012)

6(301a1a2) ronaa02)
bajz) (an,Ebz)
6(ao
8(401bab)
3| 52
 32
6(43, Cja,b) *f2,ec, e)
8l43,¬20, 2) (af (2o/21) Ffral

Pnoblem nepneted s}cps.

NCe le [alatubEH,

alalblata FC
S2
S

OalalbEe
62