ASSESSMENT AND ACTION

PLANNING – BEGINNING
PHASE

PLAN IMPLEMENTATION –
MIDDLE PHASE

EVALUATION AND
TERMINATION – ENDING
PHASE
Conceptualizing the Group Service:

Start a group program

Program proposal is prepared

• Rationale/purpose of the group program

• Target client
• Need/ problem
• Membership criteria
• Resource requirements
• Procedures for setting up
• Time frame
Agency Purpose Agency group program Prospective members Membership
purpose criteria ▪ Statement of the purpose of the
group program --most important
A privately sponsored To mobilize the youth for Out-of-school youth whose Out-of-school
community center projects that will result in families have just recently youth male and
aspect, emanate from the agency’
established to provide their self-improvement settled in the area female, age 15- purpose or function.
development programs for and which will benefit the 21, willing to ▪ It should be clear. It should
residents in the newly- community participate in
opened resettlement area weekly half-day
also be recognized that while
sessions for self all social work efforts are
and community preventive in nature, very
improvement seldom would one come across
a social work program that
pursues treatment and
development goals equally.
There is usually a need to have
a major thrust. E.g. treatment
or development to guide the
worker’s helping efforts.
Agency Purpose Agency group program Prospective members Membership criteria
purpose

Agency C To help women to realize Female residents in the Female aged 18-40,
their potentials and community particularly unemployed, single or
The government public capacities in order to have from low-income families married, can attend weekly
welfare agency’s Bureau a better quality of life for two hour group sessions in
for woman’s concerns to themselves and their the agency in order to
help improve the life families, and to become learn how to improve their
conditions of women and contributing members of life situations
their families their communities

Agency C To provide interested Women from low-income Female, aged 18-40,

women in the community families will be given community resident,
The government public with the opportunity to priority (but open to all preferably has experienced
welfare agency’s Bureau acquire assertiveness women in the community harassment or abuse
for woman’s concerns skills in order to prevent who want to learn related to being a woman;
established to help their exploitation by others assertiveness skills) interested in learning how
improve the life conditions and help them find to become more assertive
of women in the fulfillment in their various in interpersonal
community social roles relationships; can attend
weekly 2-hr sessions for
10 weeks.
Agency purpose for a group program
serves as its guide in identifying the client
sector to be served and what unmet need
or problem should be addresses. Once
these are known, the next step, defining
membership criteria.

Criteria for membership can be stated in

specific or in general terms, depending on
what the agency plans to do. If from the
start the agency wants to organize several
groups that will pursue goals relevant to
the agency’s group purpose.
Announcing the Group Service and recruiting
members

• Written announcements can be posted in strategic places in

the community
• It should be brief but clear, and should mention the purpose
of the program, who may apply, where to make inquiries

Preparing Logistics – logical support for a group

program would include personnel, facilities,
and materials.

Enlisting Community Support – pre-group

planning should include identification of those
sectors in the community whose support is
essential to program success
Pre-group interviews/ intake

• Private, one-on-one type of meeting or

with group of other prospective
participants
• Treatment-oriented group –involve
individual interviews

Discussed during intake:

• Agency and its services

• Agency’s purpose for the group program
• Agency expectations in terms of
attendance and participation
• Activities to be undertaken
• Duration
• Basis for termination
Individual Client Profile
• Name
• Needs/concern/problem
• Strengths/resources, and
limitations
• Worker’s observations

Purpose: establish the

person’s eligibility
 Effort and time-
saving
Reinforce the
Group intake desire to join the
group program
Motivate others to
join

a process and a
Case product of
understanding on
Assessment/ which action is
based.
Problem Referred as social
study, social
definition diagnosis in social
work literature
▪ It is based on assessment and is the outcome of
assessment
▪ Formulating goals – should be clear, specific, and
realistic –SMART
▪ Important uses: provide direction, and serve as basis
for evaluating its effectiveness of the helping
relationship
▪ Limitations: age, mental capacity, and emotional state
▪ Establishing specific plans – means to achieve the
goals
▪ intermediate goals, objectives, interventive plans
Two aspects in establishing groups:
• Group composition
• Group formation

Group Composition
• Selection of members
• Agency’s purpose – as general guide
• Client’s attributes – basis for group composition
• Composition of the group is based on the
worker’s assessment of his clients’ individual
situations and his professional judgment

“Compatibility or complementary not

identity –Robert Vinter”
Size of the group Group Formation
Treatment-oriented group – Getting a group organized
not go beyond seven so that it can start to
Task groups –fifteen function and move toward
members to facilitate task the attainment of its
completion planned goals
• Common group
concern/problem
• Norms and rules
• Schedule and venue of
group session
• Group goals
Member’s perspective

• His/her understanding of the purpose of

groups
• Member’s individual needs, motivations or
purposes for membership
• Member’s individual purpose of
membership

Worker’s perspective

• Agency’s societal purpose and its purpose

for initiating a group program
• Worker’s goals for the individual members
based on his assessments of their
individual needs or concerns that can be
met through group membership
• Worker’s goal for the group
Individual Group purpose Agency Worker’s Worker’s goals for the group
purpose purpose for individual
group prgram goals
To belong to a To make life in To provide For Lito: at the GENERAL SPECIFIC
group institution guided group end of three
more pleasant experiences that months.
To learn new To improve the *Learned how
by learning how will bring about Lito should
things group member’s to express their
to get along proper have:
social thoughts and
with each other socialization or 1.Overcome his
functioning feeligs
re-socialization timidity
through guided *develop
2. Learned to
group attitudes of
be more
experiences cooperation
cooperative
and task
sharing
To learn how
to get along
❑Group system perspective: Group goals
❖ Refer as the group system goals which are the
product of a worker-group interaction process Cont.
❖ Two phases: exploration and bargaining
❖ SMART
Refers to the activities, verbal or non-verbal which groups
engages in for the purpose of achieving its goals

It is utilized in order to influence the behavior of individual

members and the group as a whole

Group discussions, role play, group dynamics, exercises, play

activities, film showing, resource persons, field trips, creative
literature, value exercises
 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
Modify or Promote Influence group Promote group Enhance group Promote desired Facilitate the
change individual climate interaction content group values beginning,
attitudes and values middle and
behaviors ending stages of
group
Refers to all activities, worker
intervention, and group action
towards the achievement of the
individual and group goals.

Deciding what to do and doing

the decided.

Interventive roles
of the worker
ASPECTS OF PLAN Resources and
IMPLEMENTATION services to be used
Problems and
constraints
DIRECT STANCE – FACILITATING STANCE PERMISSIVE STANCE – FLEXIBLE STANCE –
assumes the major – worker sees himself minimum guidance worker can change
responsibility for as member of the group from the worker stances depending in
organizing and -- Encourage member the course of group
convening the group, to assume session
guiding the members, responsibility in the
the group process, the group, with the group
discussion, and the and each other.
flow of ideas and
emotion.
Regular or periodic Terminal Evaluation
evaluation
On-going evaluation Assess the outcome
 Process or
Pre-group/intake Individual case Statements of Attendance
summary
interview records assessments group concerns records
recordings

Records of Records of
Evaluation Transfer/closing
marginal collateral
records summaries
interviews interviews
 DONE WHEN THE PRE-TERMINATION TERMINATION POST-TERMINATION
GOALS OF THE CLIENT
HAVE BEEN ACHIEVED.