Introduction
The United Nations (UN) is an international organization founded in 1945. It is currently made up of 193
Member States. Its mission and work guided by the purposes and principles contained in its founding
Charter and implemented by its various organs and specialized agencies. Its activities include
maintaining international peace and security, protecting human rights, delivering humanitarian aid,
promoting sustainable development and upholding international law.
Formation of the United Nations
In 1899, the International Peace Conference was held in The Hague to elaborate instruments for
settling crises peacefully, preventing wars and codifying rules of warfare.
It adopted the Convention for the Pacific Settlement of International Disputes and established
the Permanent Court of Arbitration, which began work in 1902. This court was the forerunner of
UN International Court of Justice.
The forerunner of the United Nations was the League of Nations, an organization conceived in
circumstances of the First World War, and established in 1919 under the Treaty of Versailles "to
promote international cooperation and to achieve peace and security."
The International Labour Organization (ILO) was also created in 1919 under the Treaty of
Versailles as an affiliated agency of the League.
The name "United Nations", coined by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt. A
document called The Declaration by United Nations was signed in 1942 by 26 nations, pledging
their Governments to continue fighting together against the Axis Powers (Rome-Berlin-Tokyo
Axis) and bound them against making a separate peace.
United Nations Conference on International Organization (1945) Conference held in San
Francisco (USA), was attended by representatives of 50 countries and signed the United Nations
Charter.
The UN Charter of 1945 is the foundational treaty of the United Nations, as an inter-
governmental organization
Objectives of The United Nation
The main organs of the UN are
1. The General Assembly,
2. The Security Council,
3. The Economic and Social Council,
4. The Trusteeship Council,
5. The International Court of Justice,
6. and the UN Secretariat.
All the 6 were established in 1945 when the UN was founded
Conclusion
Despite having many short-comings, UN has played a crucial role making this human society more civil,
more peaceful & secure in comparison to time of its origin at 2 World War
. United Nations, being the world’s largest democratic body of all nations, its responsibility towards
humanity is very high in terms of building democratic society, economic development of people living in
acute poverty, & preserving the Earth’s Ecosystem in concern with Climate Change.
