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SIGN:…………
ICON SERIES
Uganda Lower Secondary Certificate of Education
END OF TERM ONE ASSESSMENT - 2024
SENIOR FOUR
BIOLOGY PAPER ONE
TIME: 2𝟏⁄𝟐 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS
 This paper has two sections A and B.
 Answer ALL questions in section A, in the spaces provided.
 Attempt only ONE question from each part of section B.
 Answers to questions in section B should be presented on the answer sheets provided.
 Present your answers neatly, precisely and in paragraphs.

SECTION A

Item 1
a) In swamps during rainy seasons, many toads are normally observed engaging in the following behavior.
Study the figure below carefully and use it to answer questions that follow. By stating the life process
shown in the diagram, describe how it differs and disadvantageous to that undergone by human beings.
(05scores)

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b) When an S.4 stocked a half-sac of Irish potatoes to be consumed after school, after a few weeks, he found
he Irish potatoes under the sac developed buds and made a loss.

(i) What enables the Irish potatoes to germinate? (04scores)

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(ii) How does this scenario teach you about the storage of Irish potatoes in homes and why? (03scores)
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Item 2
a) In the brain, there is the cerebrum and cerebellum, which perform different functions in the body of man.
Alcohol affects cerebellum, in the way that it does not affect vision and hearing of the person. Explain how
this suggest the function of these two parts of the brain. (05scores)
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b) The eye of an S.4 was analyzed in two different intensities of light and the following results were obtained.

X Y Condition 1 Condition 2
In normal light

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 By naming structures X and Y, and identifying the conditions 1 and 2, in to which the student was exposed,
describe their role in protecting the retina. (07scores)
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Item 3
An S.4 student planted a mango tree at home. The tree developed and started providing fruits to the student.
However, the tree provided fruits at even the old age of the student.
a) Explain how this describe the difference in the development of the mango tree and a student. (06scores)
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b) How is development of plants economically significance to the economic survival of man. (06scores)
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 SECTION B
PART I
Item 4
During a research conducted by microbiologists, a conclusion was made that many microorganisms are
responsible for the increasing both human infections and plant diseases, of which bacteria was a major concern
in their study. During the study, they grouped the bacteria, basing on both dependence of oxygen for survival
and shapes of the bacteria. In their conclusion also, they clarified how bacteria are important to farmers.
Task
Write an article about the shape and size of bacteria. In the article, explain how the anaerobic nature of bacteria
is significance to the farmer and his cattle. (15scores)

Item 5
In an experiment, two glass tubes were filled with different soil samples A and B. The glass tubes were placed
in a basin of water and left to stand for 5 days. The rise of water column in each soil sample was measured and
recorded each day for 5 days as shown in the table below.
Days Rise of water column in cm
Soil sample A Soil sample B
1 12 20
2 16 24
3 32 26
4 37 27
5 38 27
Task
Use a graph to explain the properties and role of each soil sample. (15scores)

PART II

Item 6
Bryophytes lack vascular tissue but obtain materials from their habitat. Alveoli, gill filaments and villi have thin
walls and numerous in lungs, fish gills and ileum respectively. Babies feel cold so much than their mothers. Rats
consume more food than large mammals.
Task
Explain the relevance of each statement. (15scores)
Item 7
Days before inter-class athletics competitions race held especially the long-distance races, participate are always
encouraged to eat sweet potatoes or white rice, chicken, avocado and vegetable. During the cross-country race
on sports day in your school, one of the best athletes collapsed towards the end of the race. The runner had a
sudden muscle pull and was breathing in and out very heavily. Many of the members of the class could not
understand why the runner collapsed.

Task
Guide learners to prepare a written presentation thy would deliver to the class explaining the scenario. They
may find the image useful. (15scores) END

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