TEST QUESTIONS

in epidemiology for 5th year students of the Medical Faculty (Bachelors)

?Epidemiology is a science that studies:
+reasons for the occurrence, spread of infectious and non-infectious diseases among
the
population
-non-communicable diseases occurring in a certain period of time
-infectious and non-infectious diseases arising in a certain area
-diagnostics of infectious and non-infectious diseases
-differential diagnosis of infectious and non-infectious diseases
?Epidemiology is the science of ...:
-Epidemics
-Regularities of the epidemiological process
-Regularities of the epidemiological and epizootic process.
+Epidemiological process, patterns of spread of infectious diseases, measures to
combat
and prevent infections
-The mechanism of transmission of infections.
?The goal of epidemiology is:
-Elimination of all infectious diseases
-Decrease in incidence to sporadic levels
-Prevention of group diseases and epidemiological outbreaks
-Elimination of pathogens of infectious diseases
+Reducing infectious diseases and eliminating certain nosological forms.
?The subject of study of epidemiology as a scientific medicine is:
-Morbidity, mortality, mortality of the population from infectious diseases
+Epidemiological process and patterns of human infection
-Epidemiological focus
-Pathogen transmission mechanism
-Source of infection
?Epidemic process:
-This is the process of interaction of micro -and macroorganisms at the population
level
-Continuous process
-Ensures the preservation of the pathogen as a biological species
-The process of spreading specific infectious conditions among people
+All of the above
?Prerequisites for the emergence and maintenance of the epidemiological process:
-Source of infection
-Transfer mechanism
-Population susceptibility
+Combined action of the above, determined by social and natural factors
-Combined action of the above, determined by natural factors
? In the epidemiological classifications of infectious diseases, the following are
used as
signs:
+reservoir of infection
-clinical forms of the course of the disease
-phylogenetic affinity of pathogens
-stage of the disease
-factors of transmission
?Infectious diseases are divided into anthroponoses, zoonoses and sapronose by:
-source of infection
1
-the mechanism of transmission
+reservoir of infection
-risk factors
-factors of transmission
?The transmission mechanism is:
+an evolutionarily developed way of moving the pathogen, providing the parasite
with a
change in specific individual hosts necessary to maintain the biological species of
the
pathogen
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another using transmission factors
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another in the specific conditions
of the
epidemic situation using transmission factors or their combination
-transfer of the pathogen from the body of the reservoir of infection to the body
of the
carrier
?The transmission path is:
-an evolutionarily developed way of moving the pathogen, providing the parasite
with a
change in specific individual hosts necessary to maintain the biological species of
the
pathogen
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another using transmission factors
+a set of elements of the external environment that ensure the transfer of the
pathogen
from one organism to another
-transfer of the pathogen from the body of the reservoir of infection to the body
of the
carrier
?Transfer factors:
+biotic and abiotic elements of the external environment, ensuring the transfer of
the
pathogen from one organism to another
-biotic factors of the external environment, in which the accumulation of the
pathogen
occurs
-abiotic environmental factors in which the pathogen accumulates
-biotic environmental factors
-mechanical carriers
?Possible routes of transmission of respiratory tract pathogens:
-water
+food
-vertical
-transmission
-pin
?Possible routes of transmission of pathogens of infections of the outer skin and
mucous
membranes:
-dust
-food
-transfusion
+contact-household
-airborne
?Ways of transmission of pathogens of intestinal infections:
+water
-sexual
-transmission
-vertical
-dust
2
?Ways of transmission of pathogens of intestinal infections:
-airborne
+food
-transmission
-parenteral
-dust
?Ways of transmission of pathogens of intestinal infections:
-airborne
-sexual
-transmissive
+contact-household
-parenteral
?Possible routes of transmission of pathogens of blood infections:
-water
-food
+transmission
-airborne
-dust
?Possible routes of transmission of pathogens of blood infections:
-water
-food
-air-dust
+vertical
-dust
?Possible routes of transmission of pathogens of blood infections:
-water
-food
+artificial
-dust
-aerosol
?The possibility of transmission by airborne dust is determined by:
+the resistance of the pathogen in the external environment
-features of the pathological secretion secreted by the patient
-the rate of decrease in the virulence of the pathogen in the external environment
-dispersion of aerosol
-) the state of the patient's immunity
?Vertical transmission of the pathogen is:
+a special form of transmission of the pathogen from the mother to the fetus in the
prenatal period (from conception to birth)
-transmission of the pathogen during breastfeeding
-perinatal transmission of the pathogen from mother to fetus
-during intercourse
-during cord ligation
?Types of vertical transmission of human diseases:
-sexual
+transplacental
-dust
-transfusion
-with mother's milk
3
?Artificial transmission path is implemented using:
-air in the operating room
-medications
-blood products
+diagnostic apparatus and surgical instruments
-breastfeeding
?The potential danger of the source of infection depends on:
-the duration of the disease
-the size of the pathogen and the amount of pathogen secreted
+the virulence of the pathogen and the amount of excreted pathogen
-the possibility of implementing the pathways of transmission of the pathogen in
specific
conditions
-the sensitivity of others
?The size of the immune layer is determined:
-number of vaccinated
-only by the number of individuals with naturally strong immunity
-only by the number of persons with artificial stress
immunity
+the number of persons with immunity of any origin
-the number of unvaccinated
?The natural focus of infectious disease is considered:
-community of biological objects
-epizootic focus
-territory where zoonotic animals are constantly registered infections
-the site of human infection with zoonotic infection
+part of the territory of the geographical landscape with its characteristic
biocenosis, among the individuals of which it stably circulates causative agent
?The existence of a natural hearth is determined by:
-unfavorable socio-economic and environmental conditions
+biocenotic links between pathogens, vectors and the population of susceptible
animals
-high population density of blood-sucking arthropods
-transovarial transmission of the pathogen in bloodsucking arthropods
-anthropogenic impacts on the natural focus
?The term "endemic (endemic)" is defined as:
+incidence of infectious diseases characteristic of a given territory, not related
to imported
cases
-incidence of any infectious diseases characteristic of a given territory
-incidence of any zoonotic infections characteristic of the area
-incidence of any infectious diseases uncharacteristic for a given territory
-the incidence of infectious diseases characteristic of a given territory,
associated with
imported cases
?The term "sporadic incidence" has traditionally been defined as:
+low local incidence
-the incidence of diseases caused by spore-forming microorganisms
-incidence, the annual rate of which does not exceed 1 per 100,000 population
-incidence that does not reliably exceed the average long-term level in the given
territory
-low incidence rate uncharacteristic for the area
?An epidemic is an incidence that:
-does not exceed 1: 100,000 population per year
+exceeds the typical level for the area
4
-significantly exceeds the average long-term level in this area
-typical for this territory
-does not exceed 1: 1,000 population per year
?The incidence may be endemic for:
-of all infectious diseases
-of all non-communicable diseases
+some infectious diseases
-some little-studied diseases
-of some somatic diseases
?Select a source of infection for zoonoses:
-Insects
-People
-Pincers
-Birds
+Animals
?Select the source of infection for typhoid fever:
-House fly
+Bacteria carrier
-Birds
-Drinking water
-People
?Select the source of infection for hepatitis:
-Animals
+Virus carrier
-Pincers
-Water
-Birds
?Name the transmission mechanism in meningitis:
+Air -drip
-Contact -household
-Food
-Air -dust
-Water
?Name the transmission mechanism of HIV infection:
-Sexual
+Contact
-Food
-Air -dust
-Water
?Name the transmission mechanism of infection in dysentery:
+Fecal-oral
-Contact -household
-Food
-Air -dust
-Water
?Name the mechanism of transmission of infection in malaria:
-Transfusion
-Contact -household
+Transmissive
-Air -dust
5
e) Water
? At what stage is the patient with viral hepatitis most dangerous?
-Incubation period
-The height of the disease
-Reconvalescence
-Carrier
+Prodromal
? What activities are leading in the prevention of intestinal infections?
-Insulation
-Vaccination of contact
+Sanitary and hygienic measures
-Airing the room
-Medical supervision of contact
?Select the outbreak:
+Patient's apartment
-Pharynx, tonsils
-Taiga, steppe
-Colon
-Sick person
?Select an endemic disease in the Republic of Tajikistan:
-Flu
-Parotitis
+Hemorrhagic fever
-Diphtheria
-Viral hepatitis B
?Select an endemic disease in the Republic of Tajikistan:
-Scarlet fever
-Measles
+Typhoid fever
-Leptospirosis
-Viral hepatitis G
?Select an endemic disease in the Republic of Tajikistan:
-Meningococcal meningitis
-Parotitis
+Malaria
-Diphtheria
-Scarlet fever
?Choose an exotic disease for Tajikistan:
-Typhoid fever
-Dysentery
+Yellow fever
-Scarlet fever
-Viral hepatitis C
?Select a transmission mechanism for respiratory tract infections:
+Air -drip
-Air -dust
-Contact -household
-Food
-Water
6
?Which of the sources of infection in dysentery has the greatest epidemiological
significance?
-Sick manifest form
-Bacteria carrier chronic
-Bacteria carrier is acute
+The patient is mild
-Reconvalescent
?Indicate the leading measure for the prevention of airborne infections (measles,
diphtheria,
whooping cough):
-Hospitalization of patients
+Vaccination of the population
-Honey monitoring contact
-Disinfection of premises
-Centralized water supply
?Select the source of infection for typhoid fever:
+Sick and carriers
-Polluted water
-Home flies
-Dirty hands
-Unwashed vegetables and fruits
?Select the transmission mechanism of intestinal infections:
-Food
-Water
-Contact -household
+Fecal -oral
-Transmissive
?What period is the most dangerous for others with viral hepatitis A?
-Beginning of the incubation period
-Period of chronic carriage
-The peak period
-Reconvalescence
+Prodromal
?Select a source of infection measure:
-Disinfection
-Disinsection
-Immunization
+Hospitalization
-Medical surveillance
?Select an intervention for a susceptible organism:
-Disinfection
-Disinsection
-Deratization
+Immunization
-Hospitalization
?Select a source of infection for dysentery:
-Disinfection
-Disinsection
-Deratization
+Home isolation
-Medical surveillance
7
?Select the source of infection for dysentery:
-Dirty hands
-Sick animal
-Water in which Sh. flexnera was found
-Contaminated food
+Sick person and bacteria carrier
?Specify the mechanism of transmission in blood infections:
-Contact
+Transmissive
-Transfusion
-Transplacental
-Water
?What to do when detecting patients with suspected typhoid fever:
-Outpatient treatment
-Home isolation
+Urgent hospitalization
-Isolation at home pending diagnosis
-Do not hospitalize, schedule a consultation with an infectious disease specialist
?Select the leading measures in the prevention of intestinal infections:
+Water supply control
-Hospitalization of the patient
-Vaccination of the population
-Monitoring contacts
-Laboratory examination of contact
?Select the source of infection for respiratory tract infections:
+Sick
-Dust
-Handkerchiefs
-Air
-Toys
?Specify the route of transmission for infections of the outer integument:
-Transmissive
-Air -dust
+Sexual contact
-Water
-Food
?At which of the stages is a patient with measles most dangerous for others:
-Incubation
-Height
+Prodromal
-Reconvalescence
-Carrier
?Select measures to interrupt the transmission path:
-Laboratory examination of contact
-Deratization
-Hospitalization
-Vaccination
+Disinsection
?What disease is characterized by epidemic spread on the territory of Tajikistan?
-Relapsing fever
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-Meningococcal infection
+Typhoid fever
-Poliomyelitis
?What disease is characterized by epidemic spread on the territory of Tajikistan?
-Parotitis
-Relapsing fever
-Meningococcal infection
+Dysentery
-Poliomyelitis
?Select a source of infection for zoonoses:
+Rodents
-Food products
-Birds
-Insects
-Water
?In sapronosis, the only transmission factor is:
-Insects
+The soil
-Animal
-Birds
-Carrier
?The presence of the pathogen in the external environment depends on:
-Pathogen doses
-Virulence and pathogenicity
-Virulence of the microorganism
+Sustainability in the external environment
-Ways of transmission
?The transmission mechanism is determined by:
+Localization of the pathogen in the human body
-Virulence and pathogenicity
-Resistance of the pathogen in the external environment
-Ways and factors of transmission
-Resistance of the macroorganism
?Who can I leave at home:
-A patient with suspected typhoid fever
+A dysentery patient living in a comfortable apartment
-A child with measles at the age of 11 months
-A diphtheria patient living in a separate apartment
-A patient with dysentery living in a hostel
?Select an epidemic focus of dysentery from the proposed list:
-Unwashed vegetables
-Aryk in the village
+Kindergarten group
-Garbage bin in the city
-The intestines of a patient with dysentery
?Determine the transmission factor:
-Sick people
+Food
-Rodents
-Birds
9
-Bacteria carriers
?Determine the transmission factor for sapronosis:
-Sick people
+The soil
-Rodents
-Birds
-Bacteria carriers
?Determine the transmission factor for respiratory tract infections:
-Sick people
+Air
-Rodents
-) Birds
-Bacteria carriers
?Determine the transmission factor for intestinal infections:
-Sick people
+Water
-Rodents
-Birds
-Bacteria carriers
?Determine the transmission factor for dysentery:
-Sick animals
+Dishes
-Rodents
-Birds
-Bacteria carriers
?Determine the transmission factor for diphtheria:
-Sick animals
+Toys
-Rodents
-Birds
-Bacteria carriers
?Exotic disease is:
-Several diseases in child care
-One disease in the family
+Disease not characteristic of the area and arising from the import and
introduction of
infection
-Disease inherent in the area
-Mass incidence with coverage of a city or district
?Who can be isolated at home:
-A child with dysentery from a communal apartment
-A child with measles living in a large family
-A typhus patient living in a comfortable apartment
+Schoolboy with scarlet fever from a comfortable apartment
-Patient with hepatitis from a comfortable apartment
?Name the medical personnel organizing anti-epidemic measures in the outbreak?
-therapist
-bacteriologist
-infectionist
+epidemiologist
-disinfection service personnel
10
?Indicate the list of documents to be filled out in health centers in connection
with the
identification of an infectious patient.
+emergency notification of infectious disease
-statistic coupon about injection disease
-map of the epidemiological survey of the outbreak
-card of dispensary observation for the patient
-vaccination record card -form 63
?What measures should be taken in the outbreak in relation to the source of
infection?
-running disinfection
+hospitalization of a patient in a hospital
-removal from work of bacteria carriers from among food workers
-isolation of a sick home
-patient vaccination
?Select factors of transmission in malaria:
+Insects
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
?Select transmission factors for hemorrhagic fever:
+Ticks
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
?Select transmission factors for vector-borne infections:
+Insects
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
? Select factors of transmission of infection for typhus:
+Lice
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
?Select factors of transmission of infection in plague:
+Fleas
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
?Select transmission factors for intestinal infections:
+Flies
-Animals
-Rodents
-Sick person
-Birds
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?Epizootic process is interaction:
+Animal -pathogen -animal
-Pathogen -animal -pathogen
-Pathogen -carrier -animal
-Pathogen -human -animal
-Human -Animal -Human
?What kind of infection in the foci is phaging of contact:
+Typhoid fever
-Dysentery
-Diphtheria
-Measles
-Viral hepatitis
?In diphtheria, the source of infection is:
-Air
+Sick person
-Water
-Dust
-Animal
?Activities aimed at a susceptible organism include:
+Immunoprophylaxis
-Patient isolation
-Treatment
-Discharge and clinical examination of those who have recovered
-Disinfection of the focus
?Flash is:
+Several diseases in a child care facility
-One disease in the family
-Disease in several countries
-Disease inherent in the area
-Disease with city or district coverage
?Which disease belongs to zoonotic:
-Typhoid fever
-Viral hepatitis
+Tetanus
-Diphtheria
-Poliomyelitis
?Which disease belongs to zoonotic:
-Typhoid fever
-Viral hepatitis
+Plague
-Diphtheria
-Poliomyelitis
?Which disease is quarantined:
-Typhoid fever
+Cholera
-Diphtheria
-Meningococcal infection
-Viral hepatitis
?Which disease is quarantined:
-Typhoid fever
12
+Pneumonic plague
-Diphtheria
-Meningococcal infection
-Viral hepatitis
?At what infection the contact is injected with immunoglobulin:
-Dysentery
+Viral hepatitis
-Cholera
-Scarlet fever
-Typhoid fever
?Select a source of infection for malaria:
-Rodents
-Mosquitoes
-Pond
-Animal
+Parasitic carrier
? Indicate the main direction in epidemiology;
-diagnostics of infectious and non-infectious diseases at a specific location and
time
-identification, treatment and prevention of infectious diseases, as well as the
implementation of anti-epidemic measures in infectious foci
+carrying out preventive and anti-epidemic measures, epidemiological surveillance
of
infectious diseases
-differential diagnostics, diagnosis and epidemiological surveillance of infectious
diseases
-carrying out a set of preventive, epidemiological and therapeutic measures in
relation to
infectious and non-infectious diseases
?An infectious process is ......
-The spread of the disease among humans
-The presence of the pathogen in the air
+The state of infection of the human body
-Infection of water with a pathogen
-Infection of the environment
?What infectious diseases are epidemic?
-Scarlet fever
-Tularemia
+Flu
-Meningococcal infection
-Chicken pox
?From the list provided, select a disease in which only a person is the source of
infection;
-Paratyphoid B
-Salmonellosis
-Plague
+Measles
-Anthrax
?Which vector can only infect one person?
-Malaria mosquito sucked blood parasitic
-A flea infected with plague germs
-Lice sucked on the blood of a typhus patient
+Louse sucking on the blood of a relapsing fever patient
13
? What measures should be taken in the epidemic outbreak in relation to the
interruption of
transmission routes?
+running disinfection
-prophylactic disinfection
-hospitalization of the patient
-sanitary educational work
-immunization of the population
?Epidemiology of infectious diseases as a science studies ...
-Regularities of the occurrence and spread of mass health disorders of the
population,
different in nature
-Principles and forms of organizing anti-epidemic work
+Patterns of the emergence and spread of infectious diseases among people and
develops
ways to prevent, control and eliminate these diseases
-clinics and pathogenesis of infectious diseases
-clinics and pathogenesis of non-communicable diseases
?The epidemic process is ...
-The spread of infectious diseases among animals.
-) The spread of infectious diseases among plants.
-Spread of pathogens among blood-sucking vectors.
+The spread of infectious diseases in the human population.
-The state of infection of the human or animal organism.
?Manifestations of the epidemic process are ...
-Disease in acute form.
-Disease in a chronic form.
-Carrier.
+Sporadic and epidemic type of morbidity.
-Disease in the stage of convalescence
? The term "sporadic incidence" means ...
-Diseases of humans with an infectious disease unusual for the area
-Group diseases of people with infectious disease
+Isolated human diseases with infectious disease
-Diseases of people with a noncommunicable disease unusual for the area
-Mass disease of people within the same country
? The epidemic process is considered as "outbreak", "epidemic", "pandemic",
"sporadic
morbidity" depending on ...
-The severity of the disease
-Rates of disease spread
+Numbers of sick people
-Clinics of the disease
-Outcome of the disease
?Manifestations of an infectious process are ...
+Disease and carriage.
-Outbreak of infectious disease in pets
-The flu epidemic in the country.
-Outbreak of infectious disease among rodents.
-Malaria epidemic in several countries.
?In what cases can we talk about the manifestations of the epidemic process?
-In the presence of cholera pathogens in the water.
-In the presence of animals with brucellosis.
+With the massive incidence of influenza in people.
14
-When malaria plasmodia are found in mosquitoes.
-With isolated diseases of rabies among wolves and foxes.
?Among the listed situations, select manifestations of the epidemic process.
-Outbreak of campylobacteriosis in sheep
+Rubella outbreak among children of the younger group of kindergarten.
-Pseudotuberculosis was diagnosed in a milkmaid.
-At school, among primary school children, isolated cases of carriage of atoxigenic
diphtheria bacteria were revealed.
-A patient with an initial diagnosis of pneumonia was diagnosed with legionellosis.
?Indicate which situations can be considered an epizootic process.
+Several cases of brucellosis have been reported in cows on the farm
-One affected horse is diagnosed with foot and mouth disease
-In a boarding school, an outbreak of scarlet fever among primary school children.
-Leptospirosis cases among workers identified on a pig farm
-An outbreak of tularemia has been reported among the population.
?In what cases can the considered phenomenon be interpreted as an infectious
process.
-The spread of salmonellosis in chickens in a poultry farm
-An outbreak of yersiniosis in mice and rats
-Presence of carriers of meningococci in the collective of plant workers
+Damage to the intestinal mucosa in dysentery
-Single diseases of psittacosis among city residents
?Exotic infections are ...
+Infectious diseases not typical for the area
-Infectious diseases specific to the area
-Infectious viral diseases spread by arthropods
-Infectious viral diseases spread by rodents
-Infectious viral diseases spread by pets
?The terms "endemic, endemic" means:
-Long-term preservation of pathogens in water in the soil.
-Infection with pathogens of live vectors.
+The constant presence in a given territory of an infectious disease characteristic
of this
area, due to the natural and social conditions available in it, necessary to
maintain the
epidemic process
-The constant presence in a given territory of an infectious disease characteristic
of this area,
due to the existing only social conditions necessary to maintain the epizootic
process
-The constant presence in a given territory of a non-communicable disease
characteristic of
this area, due to the existing economic conditions in it, necessary to maintain the
epidemic
process
?Enzootic is ...
+Local animal morbidity
-The spread of infectious diseases among animals
-The incidence of people inherent in the area
-The incidence of people is unusual for this area
-The spread of infectious diseases among people
?Links of the epidemic process are ...
-Pathogens and carriers of infectious diseases
+Source of infectious agent, mechanism of transmission of pathogen and susceptible
organism
-Source and factors of transmission
-Soil, food, household items and production, living vectors
15
-Sources of infection and susceptible populations
?The source of the causative agent is
-Any objects on which the pathogen is found
+Living infected human or animal organism
-Any environment in which the pathogen persists for a long time
-Carriers in which the pathogen persists and multiplies
-Water, air
?The source of infection with anthroponosis are:
+Infected people
-Infected animals
-Infected vectors
-Contamination of environmental objects
-Infected wild animals
?Potential sources of infection are all but ... ..
-Sick people
-Bacteria carriers
-Birds
-Rodents
+Water
?Who is the most dangerous source of infection?
-Patients with severe disease
+Patients with mild disease and chronic bacterial carriers
-Healthy people
-Transient bacteria carriers
-Children
?The real danger of sources of infection depends on ...
+The clinical form of the disease, age and profession of the source of infection
-From the age of the source of infection and the mechanism of transmission
-Ambient temperatures and insects
-From the clinical form of the disease and the presence of open water sources
-From communal conditions and the state of the natural hearth
?The real danger of sources of infection depends on ...
-Soil and landscape pollution
-Level of education
+Housing conditions, general and sanitary culture
-Flora and fauna
-His habitats
?Sources of infection for humans can be ...
+Synanthropic, wild animals and birds (domestic, decorative, migratory)
-Insects (flies, mosquitoes, mosquitoes, lice) and arthropods (ticks)
-Contaminated water, soil, air, dishes, etc.
-Excrement of a sick person and bacteria carriers
-Molluscs and crustaceans (shrimp, crabs, crayfish, etc.)
?Sources of infection for humans can be ...
-Insect population
-Squad of arthropods
-Wild, tropical plants
-Home plants
+Wild, synanthropic rodents
16
?Identify the source of infection for measles:
-Virus carrier
-Air
-Reconvalescent
-Sick animal
+Sick person
?An infectious process is an interaction:
-Man and animal
-Pathogens and vectors
+Pathogen and human
-Human -causative agent -human
-Animal -pathogen -human
?Name the transmission route for the fecal -oral mechanism:
-Air -dust
-Transplacental
-Transmissive
+Food
-Direct contact
?Name the transmission route for the fecal -oral mechanism:
-Air -dust
-Transplacental
-Transmissive
+Water
-Direct contact
?Name the transmission route for the fecal -oral mechanism:
-Air -dust
-Transplacental
-Transmissive
+Contact-household
-Direct contact
?Select measures for interruption of the transmission path:
-Population immunization
+Water chlorination
-Hospitalization of patients
-Patient treatment
-Media detection
?Indicate the activity affecting the second link of the epidemic process:
-Population immunization
+Disinfection
-Hospitalization of patients
-Patient treatment
-Media detection
?Select the measures for the interruption of the transmission path:
-Population immunization
+Disinsection
-Hospitalization of patients
-Patient treatment
-Media detection
?Select measures for interrupting transmission routes:
-Population immunization
17
+Sterilization of medical instruments
-Hospitalization of patients
-Patient treatment
-Media detection
?An epidemic is:
+Disease in the entire district or city
-Disease in several countries
-A disease specific to the area
-Several diseases in a child care facility
-Disease not specific to the area
?Pandemic is:
-Disease in the entire district or city
+Disease in several countries
-A disease specific to the area
-Several diseases in a child care facility
-Disease not specific to the area
?Select source of infection:
-Lice
+Rodents
-Pincers
-Water
-Food products
?Specify the transmission path for transmission gear:
-Water
-Food
-Airborne
-Air -dust
+Transfusion
?In which of the periods the patient with typhoid fever is most dangerous:
-Incubation
-Prodromal
+Carriage Period
-Convalescence period
-The peak period
?Transmission transmission mechanism is realized through:
+Komarov
-Birds
-Fly
-Animals
-People
?Transmission transmission mechanism is realized through:
+Ticks
-Pigeons
-Sparrows
-Pets
-Wild animals
?Transmission transmission mechanism is realized through:
+Blind
-Fly
-Gophers
18
-House mice
-Rats
?Transmission transmission mechanism is realized through:
+Fly tsetse
-Tarabagani
-Rodents
-Crow
-Gophers
?Transmission transmission mechanism is realized through:
-House flies
-Rats
-Duck
-Baklanov
+Bloch
?What diseases are transmitted by ticks?
-typhoid fever
+hemorrhagic fevers
-diphtheria
-malaria
-polio
?Indicate who will carry out the final disinfection?
-family members of the patient
-) medical staff of polyclinics
-epidemiologist
+disinfector
-neighbors
?Are the following patients required to be hospitalized?
-barmaids with mild dysentery
-a 4th grade student with a mild form of scarlet fever
-5 month old baby with measles
+dysentery living in a hostel
-acute carrier of dysentery
?Who poses the greatest epidemic danger?
+a patient with a mild form of dysentery.
-chronic carrier
-sick with a typical form
-sharp carrier
-contact for dysentery
?Who needs boxing hospitalization?
-sick with dysentery
+a patient with meningococcal infection
-the patient with diphtheria
-flu patient
-the patient with scarlet fever
? Zoonoses in which only animals can be sources of infection ...
-Salmonellosis
-Tularemia
-Plague
+Brucellosis
-Campylobacteriosis
19
?When clarifying the epidemiological history of a patient, in which infections
should the
possibility of contact with animals be determined?
-Ascariasis
-Scabies
-Malaria
-Paratyphoid A
+Leptospirosis
?Diseases in which birds can be sources of infection ...
+Ornithosis
-Lorreliosis
-Escherichiosis
-Tick-borne encephalitis
-Rabies
? Infectious diseases in which synanthropic rodents can be sources of infection ...
-Escherichiosis and Cholera
-Adenovirus infection
+Salmonellosis and Plague
-Hepatitis and Tetanus
-Anthrax and foot and mouth disease
? Sapronoses are diseases in which ...
-The source of infection has not been identified and is stable in the external
environment
-Pathogens form spores and L forms
+Pathogens are unpretentious and multiply in water, soil, on the surface of various
objects
-Pathogens persist for a long time in vectors and arthropods
-Pathogens are not resistant in the external environment, are transmitted only by a
certain
transmission route
? Select sapronoses from the list provided ...
-Enterobiasis
-Escherichiosis
-Shegellosis
+Gas gangrene
-Food poisoning caused by staphylococci
? The originality of the transmission mechanism of the pathogen is determined ...
-The severity of an infectious disease
+Localization of the pathogen in the infected organism
-Behavior and living conditions of sources of infection
-Clinical course
-Outcome of the disease
?The airborne transmission mechanism is realized by means of ... ..
+Airborne, food grade,
-Aqueous, aerosol, vertical and parenteral
-Contact household, vertical, transmission, air-dust
-Sexual, food, transfusion, contact and household
-Airborne, sexual, parenteral, aqueous
?The airborne transmission mechanism is realized by
-Vertical and food
-Airborne and transmissive
-Artifical and vertical
-Contact household and water
20
+air-dust, contact-household
?Specify infectious diseases with airborne transmission mechanism
-HIV infection
-Escherichiosis
-Rabies
+Chicken pox
-Hepatitis A
?The transmission mechanism of transmission of the pathogen means the spread of
their ...
-Air
+Carriers
-Environmental items
-Food
-Water
?The influence of a natural factor on the epidemic process is most pronounced when:
-Intestinal anthroponosis
-Intestinal zooanthroponoses
+Natural focal diseases
-Respiratory tract infections
-Infections of the outer integument
?The following infectious diseases have a transmission mechanism
-Flu, measles, tetanus
+Plague, malaria, hemorrhagic fevers
-Botulism, anthrax, leptospirosis
-Dysentery, Escherichiosis, Salmonellosis
-Chickenpox, scarlet fever, smallpox
?The following infectious diseases have a transmission mechanism
-Meningococcal disease, mumps, rubella
-Salmonellosis, Partyphus A, typhoid fever
-HIV infection, hepatitis C, viscral leishmaniasis
+Tick-borne encephalitis, typhus and relapsing fever
-Cholera, tularemia, leptospirosis
?Specify infections with a contact mechanism of transmission of the pathogen
-Meningococcal infection, diphtheria
+Erysipelas, HIV infection
-Malaria, Crimean hemorrhagic fever
-Scarlet fever, measles
-Dysentery, typhoid fever
?Specify the infections that have a contact mechanism of transmission of the
pathogen
+Rabies, syphilis
-Poliomyelitis, foot and mouth disease
-Rickettsioses, botulism
-Hepatitis E, salmonellosis
-Cholera, tularemia
?The fecal-oral transmission mechanism is realized ...
-Through the patient's blood
-Through the patient's sputum
+Through environmental objects
-Through blood-sucking vectors
-Through polluted air
21
? The fecal-oral transmission mechanism is realized ...
+Through contaminated water and food
-Through the blood and liquor of the patient
-Through the patient's sweat and saliva
-through the urine and sputum of the host
-Through dust and air
?The vertical mechanism means that the pathogen is transmitted ...
-From contaminated soil
-Through contaminated vegetables
-Through the dust in the home
+From mother to fetus
-When bitten by insects
?The vertical transmission mechanism is characteristic of the following infectious
diseases..
+Malaria and chickenpox
-Whooping cough and scarlet fever
-Dysentery and paratyphoid C
-Botulism and gas gangrene
-Tetanus and anthrax
?The vertical transmission mechanism is characteristic of the following infectious
diseases .
-Tetanus and rabies
+HIV and Malaria
-Leptospirosis and scarlet fever
-Typhoid and paratyphoid fever
-Escherichiosis and salmonellosis
?An artificial (artifical) method of infection with pathogens is possible ...
+In laboratories and treatment rooms
-In the bacteriological laboratory
-At home
-In vehicles
-In a limited team
?From the proposed list, select one of the constituent parts of the epidemic
process links.
-carriers
+susceptible organism
-vehicles
-macroorganism
-microorganism
? What is the first link in the epidemic process?
-transmission paths
-macroorganism
-sensitive organism
+source of infection
-transmission factors
? Indicate the second link in the epidemic process.
-sensitive organism
-microorganism
-vehicles
-source of infection
+transfer mechanism
?What infectious diseases are currently spreading like an epidemic?
+flu
22
-scarlet fever
-rubella
-polio
-parotitis
?What infectious diseases are currently spreading like an epidemic?
-Viral hepatitis B
-viral hepatitis D
-polio
-meningococcal infection
-parotitis
?What infectious diseases are currently spreading like an epidemic in Tajikistan?
-Hemorrhagic fever
-Viral hepatitis G
+HIV infection
-Botulism
-Tetanus
? With influenza, the sources of infection are ...
+Sick people
-Handkerchiefs, masks and other things that the patient used
-Discharge from the patient's nose
-Chamber air
-Food products
?Sources of infection with typhoid fever
-Population migration and the state of the housing stock
-National traditions, customs
+Physical development of children
-Social status
-Living conditions
? Further development of the epidemic process is possible in all cases, except ...
-A patient with mild whooping cough goes to school
-A kindergarten teacher has meningococci in her nasopharynx
-A child with enterobiasis is treated on an outpatient basis, attends a
kindergarten
-A patient with typhoid fever (intestinal perforation) was diagnosed in a hospital
+Reconvalescent influenza
?The concept of "social factors of the epidemic process" includes everything
except....
-Population migration and the state of the housing stock
-Availability of medical care and sanitary condition of catering establishments
-Condition of water supply and treatment of populated areas
-National traditions, customs
+Physical development of children
? The "natural factors" of the epidemic process are ...
-somatic morbidity and demography
+Flora, fauna and geophysical factors
-Gender, age, profession
-Climatic conditions and population migration
-communal conditions and profession
? "Natural factors" of the epidemic process are ...
-Economic situation
-Social status
-Living conditions
23
+Climate and natural disasters
-Profession
? What circumstances can contribute to an increase in the incidence of
anthroponosis?
+Mass entertainment and transport links
-Technical progress
-Automation of industrial processes
-Computerization of institutions
-Repair work
? The incidence of zoonoses among humans can be influenced by everything
except ...?
-Cleaning cities from household waste
-Livestock complexes and poultry farms
-Hunting, fishing
-Swimming in open water
+Dusty air
? What manifestations of scientific and technological progress, civilization can
contribute to
the growth of sapronosis?
-Using computers
+Use of air conditioners and construction of underground structures
-Technical progress
-Interstate and interregional trade and transportation
-Automation of industrial processes
? The frequency of the epidemic process is ...
-A quantitative indicator reflecting the level (frequency) of registration of the
disease among
the population as a whole or in certain age, sex, professional and other groups
-Regularly recurring incidence increases in certain months (seasons) of the year
-The time during which the pathogen can be excreted from the infected organism
+Regularly recurring at regular intervals (year, several years) rises and falls in
the
incidence
-The time during which the pathogen cannot be excreted from the infected organism
?In the development of the epidemic process, priority is given to ...
+Social factors
-Natural factors
-Social and natural factors in equal measure
-Gender factors
-Demographic
? The epidemic focus includes ...
-Only a room in a dwelling or a ward where the patient is
-Only the collective where the patient is
-Only the family where the patient is
-Institution where the patient works
+The entire territory within which the pathogen may spread in a given setting
? The boundaries of the epidemic focus are determined by ...
-Any doctor who has diagnosed an infectious disease
-Attending physician (district therapist, pediatrician)
+Epidemiologist
-Family doctor
-Doctor of the emergency room
? How long does the epidemic focus last?
-Until the patient is hospitalized
-Before final disinfection in the outbreak
24
+During the period of maximum incubation in persons who communicated with the
patient
-Until the patient recovers, if he received outpatient treatment
-Until the height of the disease
? Work in the epidemic focus is organized and carried out by the following medical
personnel, except ...
-Clinic therapist and nurse
-Doctor-epidemiologist
-Disinfection service personnel
-Infectionist of the office of infectious diseases of the polyclinic
+Chief Physician of the Infectious Diseases Hospital
? A doctor who suspects an infectious disease is obliged to do everything
except ...
-Find out the epidemiological history
-Organize ongoing disinfection in the outbreak
-Send an "Emergency Notice" to the territorial center of sanitary and
epidemiological
surveillance
-Solve the issue of isolation of the patient at home or in a hospital
+Declare quarantine
? The epidemiological history is determined by all the listed doctors, except
for ...
-Treating doctors at a patient
-Doctors-epidemiologists at the patient
-Doctors-epidemiologists in persons who communicated with the patient
-Family doctors
+Dentist-Orthopedist
? An "Emergency Notice" should be sent ...
-Only after bacteriological confirmation of the diagnosis
-After consultation with an infectious disease doctor
+Immediately upon suspicion of an infectious disease and no later than 12 hours
from the
moment the patient is identified
-During a patient visit
-At the end of the working week
? Epidemiological examination of the outbreak is aimed at all of the above,
except ...
-Identification of persons who communicated with the patient
-Determination of the factor or route of transmission of the pathogen
-Identifying the source of the causative agent
-Determination of boundaries and elimination of the epidemic focus
+Conducting pest control in the outbreak
? Hospitalization of infectious patients is carried out in all cases, except ...
-According to clinical indications
-According to epidemiological indications
-Mandatory for exotic diseases
-Mandatory for conventional diseases
+For social reasons
? Specify where to place an infectious patient
-To a surgical hospital
-To the therapeutic department
+In infectious diseases hospital
-Leave at home at the request of the patient and family
-To the maternity ward
25
?Indicate where to place an infectious patient
+In the box of the infectious diseases ward
-In the ward of the dermatovenerological hospital
-To the newborn department
-To the therapeutic department
-To the intensive care unit
? From the list, select the measures carried out in the epidemic focus in relation
to sources of
infection
+Hospitalization of the patient
-Vaccination of contact persons
-Chemoprophylaxis
-Insect extermination
-Disinfection
?From the list, select the measures carried out in the epidemic focus in relation
to sources of
infection
-Chemoprophylaxis
-Emergency prevention
+Treatment of sick animals
-Disinfection
-Disinsection
? The measures carried out in the outbreak to eliminate the transmission routes of
pathogens
of infectious diseases include everything except ...
-Pasteurization and sterilization of dairy products
-Destruction of flies
-Sterilization of medical instruments
-Disinfection in the patient's apartment
+Deratization
?Epidemiological surveillance includes all of the above, except ...
-Registration of emerging infectious diseases
-Study of the biological properties of excreted cultures of pathogens
-Analysis of infectious diseases by age, sex, profession, territory and other
characteristics
-Analysis of the effectiveness of preventive and anti-epidemic measures and
assessment of
the epidemiological situation
+Determination of the boundaries of the epidemic focus
? Quantitative characteristics such as "outbreak", "epidemic", "pandemic",
"sporadic
morbidity" depend on ...
+Numbers of sick people.
-Clinics of the disease
-Outcome of the disease
-The severity of the disease.
-Rates of disease spread
? Who is the most dangerous as a source of infection?
+a patient and a carrier of a chronic form
-Transient bacteria carriers
-Acute bacteria carrier
-Patients with severe disease
-Sick with an acute form of the disease
? How long does the epidemic focus last?
-before final disinfection
-until the patient recovers
26
+during the maximum incubation period in persons who communicated with the patient
-until the patient recovers if he received outpatient treatment
-before vaccination in the outbreak
? Quarantine is ...
-strengthened medical supervision among persons in contact with the patient at home
-increased medical surveillance among persons in the quarantine zone and intending
to leave
it
+restrictive measure in the system of anti-epidemic services for the population
-medical supervision of contact persons
-complete isolation of patients
?The originality of the transmission mechanism of the pathogen is determined ...
-clinical course
-the outcome of the disease
-the severity of an infectious disease
+localization of the pathogen in the infected organism
-behavior and living conditions of sources of infection
?Work in the epidemic focus is organized and carried out
+family doctor and district nurse
-epidemiologist
-workers of the disinfection service
-infectious disease specialist KIZ from CZ
-hospital doctor
?What action in the outbreak is aimed at a susceptible organism
-hospitalization of the patient
-chlorination and boiling of water
-wet cleaning
-airing the room
+administration of immunoglobulin
?Quarantine is ...
+restrictive measure in the system of anti-epidemic services for the population
-medical supervision of contact persons
-complete isolation of patients
-strengthened medical supervision among persons in contact with the patient at home
-increased medical surveillance among persons in the quarantine zone and intending
to leave
it
?Preventive measures are carried out to ...
+prevention of possible infection with infectious diseases
-localization of the epidemic focus
-increasing the immunity of the population
-reducing the pathogenicity of pathogens
-fast recovery of patients
? The artifactual transmission mechanism determines the incidence of:
+In hospitals of various profiles
-In certain areas of the country
-In children's organized groups
-Among newborns
-In adult groups
?The social and economic significance of natural focal diseases is determined by:
-Widespread on the globe
-Possibility of infection of significant contingents of the population
27
-The severity of clinical manifestations in a number of diseases and disability of
the patient
-The complexity of the development of the territory of the natural focus
+All of the above
?Disinfection is ...
+A set of measures aimed at eliminating pathogens of infectious diseases in the
human
environment
-A set of measures aimed at reducing the number of pathogens in the human
environment
-A set of measures aimed at the destruction of arthropods in the human environment
-A set of measures aimed at the destruction of rodents in the human environment
-A set of measures aimed at the destruction of wild animals in the human
environment
?The need for disinfection determines everything except ...?
-Resistance of pathogens in the external environment
-Presence of undetected sources of infection
-Identifying the source of infection
-Terms of hospitalization
+Patient incubation period
?Prophylactic disinfection is carried out everywhere, except ...
-In hairdressers (tools, linen) and hotels
-At the waterworks
-In public toilets, saunas and laundries
-In maternity hospitals
+In the infectious diseases department
? Who prescribes the current disinfection in the apartment of a dysentery patient
who is
being treated at home?
+Family doctor
-Infectious disease physician
-Doctor-epidemiologist
-Doctor -disinfectionist
-Infectious disease physician
? Who conducts the current disinfection in the apartment of a patient with
dysentery left at
home?
-Attending physician and nurse
-Family Nurse
-Employees of the territorial center of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance
-Workers of the disinfection service
+Family members of the patient
?In what cases is the current disinfection indicated?
+In the apartment of the carrier of typhoid bacteria
-In an apartment after hospitalization of a patient with viral hepatitis A
-In the apartment after hospitalization of a patient with influenza
-When re-profiling the department for patients with dysentery into the department
for
patients with viral hepatitis
-After discharge from the box of a patient with diphtheria
? Final disinfection is carried out everywhere except ...
-In the outbreak after hospitalization of an infectious patient
-In the outbreak after the recovery of an infectious patient
-In an apartment after the death of an infectious patient
-When converting the infectious diseases department into a therapeutic
+In public places where there is a large crowd of people
28
? Who conducts the final disinfection in the apartment of a patient with an
infectious
disease?
-Therapist
-Employees of the service of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance
+Disinfection workers or family members of the patient
-Family doctor
-Family Nurse
? Who conducts the final disinfection in the therapeutic department after
transferring a
typhoid patient from it?
-Branch staff
-Employees of the territorial center of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance
+Disinfection workers
-Therapist
-Sentry nurse
?Final disinfection can be performed by the medical staff of the institution or the
population
under the guidance of the disinfection service workers in the epidemic outbreak ...
-Anthrax
-Corey
-Cholera
-Plague
+Dysentery
? Final disinfection can be carried out by the medical staff of the institution or
by the
population under the guidance of workers of the disinfection service in the
epidemic outbreak.
-Anthrax
+Viral hepatitis E
-Chickenpox
-Rubella
-Hemorrhagic fever
? Who prescribes the final disinfection in the children's sanatorium when a
diphtheria patient
is identified?
-The doctor of the sanatorium
+Epidemiologist
-Doctor-disinfectionist
-Infectious disease physician
-Family doctor
? The physical method of disinfection involves the use of all of the above,
except ...
-Boil
-Hot air
-Air-steam mixture and saturated steam
-) Ultraviolet rays and ionizing radiation
+Disinfection solutions
? Requirements for chemical agents used for disinfection include everything
except ...
+Colour
-Wide spectrum of antimicrobial action
-Good solubility in water
-Activity of the drug in the presence of protein and other organic substances
-Non-toxicity
? The effectiveness of disinfectants depends on all of the above, except ...
-From the temperature of the disinfectant and the environment
-From the concentration of the disinfectant
29
-From exposure
-From the presence of activators
+From the smell
? All of the above are used as disinfectants, except ...
-Chlorine-containing substances and surfactants
+Zoocoumarin
-Oxidants and alkalis
-Guanidines, aldehydes, phenol and its derivatives
-Iodine, bromine and their compounds
? Choose agents that do not have both bactericidal, virucidal, sporicidal and
fungicidal
effects
-Chloramine and bleach
-Dichlorodimethylhydantoin and trichloroisocyanuric acid
-Hydrogen peroxide and Deoxone
-Sidex, Perform, Gigasept FF, Yodonat
+Nitifor and ozone
? Choose the drug with the highest active chlorine content
-Bleaching powder
-Chloramine
-Dichlorhydantoin
+Trichloroisocyanuric acid
-Phenol
? List the rules for storing chlorine-containing disinfectants
+In a cool, dark place and in sealed containers
-In a well heated room
-In the light
-In an open container
-In the treatment room
? What drugs should be used for the current disinfection in the apartment of a
patient with
dysentery left for treatment at home?
+Bleach, chloramine, calcium hypochlorite
-Aldehydes and alkalis
-Carbolic acid
-Guanides and detergents
-Phenol and lysol
? Bleach and chloramine are used for disinfection in the form of ...
+Dry matter or solution
-Couple
-Aerosols
-Dusta
-Creams
? Dry bleach is not used for disinfection ...
-Fluid stool from patients with acute intestinal infections
+Dishes of the patient
-Vomit of a patient with cholera
-Public toilets
-Cesspool type toilets
? How to prepare a working solution of bleach?
-Dissolve dry matter in water at room temperature
-Dissolve dry matter in hot water
30
+Dilute the previously prepared stock (stock) solution to the required working
concentration
-Dissolve chloramine in boiling water
-Dissolve dry matter in ice water
? What is the maximum period of retention of the activity of the working solution
of bleach
-Within 1 hour after cooking
+During the working day
-Within 2-3 days
-In a week
-Within a month
? How to prepare an activated solution of bleach, chloramines, DT SKG
-Warm up the disinfectant solution
+Add ammonium compounds
-Add acetic acid
-Add ice
hydrogen peroxide with synthetic detergents use ...
-Just one time
+Within a day from the moment of preparation and in a heated form
-Within 2-3 days from the date of preparation
-Only at room temperature
-Only five times
?Lysol solutions are used ....
+For disinfection and disinsection
-For phenolphthalein test
-For pesting
-For sterilization
-For pre-sterilization cleaning
? Disinfection chambers should be available to all listed institutions, except ...
-Disinfection service of the city, district
-In the infectious diseases hospital
-In any general hospital
-In the maternity hospital
+Kindergartens
?Chamber processing of things is not carried out in the foci of the following
diseases ...
-Typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever A.V
-Typhoid fever
-Diphtheria
+Flu
-Pediculosis
? When installing a stationary disinfection chamber of any type, all of the above,
except ...
-Sanitary inspection and chamber hall
-Loading and unloading compartment
-Warehouse of clean things
-Disinfection steam and steam-formalin (steam-air formaline) chambers
+Boxing for infectious patients
? The acting agent in the steam chamber is all of the above, except ...
-Saturated water vapor
-Flowing steam
-Heat
-High blood pressure
31
+Formalin
?A vapor-formalin chamber is used ...
-For disinfection only
-For pest control only
+With different operating modes for disinfection and pest control
-For sterilization
-For pesting
? Leather and fur things should be treated during disinfection ...
-In the steam chamber with saturated steam
-In the steam chamber with flowing steam at normal pressure
-In a steam-formalin chamber at a temperature of +60 ?
+In a steam-formalin chamber at a temperature of +40-57 ?
-In the steam-formalin chamber only with a steam-air mixture
?When disinfesting things in a steam-formalin chamber, it is necessary to use ...
+Air-steam mixture
-Only pairs of formalin
-Air-steam mixture and formalin vapor
-Sidex
-Aldehydes
? Which of the following things can be processed in the steam chamber?
+Bedding (mattresses, blankets, pillows)
-Leather products and fur coats
-Underwear
-Books and pictures
-Rubber Shoes
? How are footwear treated in case of fungal diseases of the feet?
-In the steam chamber
+In a steam-formalin chamber
-Wipe with a swab dipped in 33% hydrogen peroxide solution
-Soaked in alcohol
-Soak in 3% chloramine solution
? Linen of patients with dysentery contaminated with feces should be handled ...
-In the disinfection chamber
+Soak in disinfectant solution
-After disinfection, boil with detergents
-In a paraformalin chamber
-In a dry heat cabinet
? For disinfection, you can use all the listed solutions, except....
-0.5% chloramine solution prepared in the morning
-3% lysol solution prepared 2 days ago
-Microcid-liquid
-Gigasept FF
+15% chloramine solution prepared in the morning
? How to prepare 1% chloramine solution?
-dissolve dry matter in hot water
-dissolve dry matter in water at room temperature
+dilute the previously prepared 10% solution to 1% concentration
-dissolve dry matter in distilled water
-dissolve dry matter in tap water
? What is the concentration of chloramine solution for hands in a conventional
hospital?
32
-1 %
-0.1%
+0.2%
-3%
-five%
? How to treat toys of a patient with dysentery?
-boil
-fill with chloramine solution
+wash in warm soapy water
-treat with alcohol
-treat with hot water
? For what diseases is final disinfection necessary?
-mess
-malaria
+typhoid fever
-flu
-AIDS
?For what diseases is final disinfection necessary?
-mess
-HIV infection
-malaria
-flu
+viral hepatitis A
? For what diseases is final disinfection necessary?
-Meningococcal infection
-Malaria
-HIV infection
-Parotitis
+Diphtheria
?Who conducts the current disinfection?
-family doctor
+Medical staff of the infectious diseases hospital or family members of the patient
-employees of the Center for State Sanitary and Epidemiological Surveillance
-medical staff of the Health Center
-disinfection team
?For what diseases are lice carriers
-typhoid fever
+typhus
-paratyphoid A
-head lice
-haemorrhagic fever
?In what form is bleach used for disinfection.
-Dry matter
+water solution
-emulsion
-spray can
-spray
? List the methods of handling utensils in the hospital's dining room.
-free from food debris
-wash with detergent solution
33
-boil
-soak in phenol solution
+soak in chloramine solution
?What products are recommended for hand treatment?
-chloramine
+deoxone
-phenol
-lysol
-hydrogen peroxide
? Medical sterilization is ...
+Destruction of all microorganisms in substances and objects
-Destruction of pathogens of infectious diseases in the environment
-Destruction of only vegetative forms of microorganisms in the human environment
-Destruction of pathogens of infectious diseases on household items
-Destruction of pathogens of infectious diseases in water
? Pre-sterilization processing of medical instruments is aimed at removing all of
the above,
except ...
-Mechanical contamination
-Protein contamination
+Causative agents of nosocomial infections
-Medicines
-Fat components
? What samples are used to detect blood on medical items
+Azopyram, amidopyrine and benzidine samples
-Phenolphthalein test
-Sulkovich's reaction
-Sudan III test
-Test Nicheporenko
? Sterilization is carried out by all listed methods, except ...
-Steam and air method
+Biological method
-Gas method
-Using solutions of chemicals
-Radiation method
? Control of sterilization is carried out by all methods, except ...
+Histological method
-By physical method
-By chemical method
-Microbiological method
-Biological method
? It is allowed to work with disinfectants and insecticides ...
+Only healthy persons over 18 years of age
-All employees over 16 years of age
-Persons with skin diseases in remission
-Persons with chronic upper respiratory tract diseases
-Mental patients in remission
? Quality control of the sterilization process includes quality control:
-disinfectants
-pre-sterilization cleaning
-work of sterilization devices
34
-sterility of medical devices
+all of the above
? Advantages of sterilization with solutions of chemical compounds:
+simplicity of preparation of solutions of chemical compounds and economy
-long-term preservation of the sterility of the processed products
-cheapness of the method
-ease of control of disinfection
-no need for pre-sterilization cleaning
?For sterilization with solutions of medical products made of corrosion unstable
etals, use:
-hydrogen peroxide
-anolyte obtained by electrochemical installation
-deoxone (1,4)
+sidex
-all of the above
?Skin antiseptics are intended for everything except:
-processing of injection and operational fields
-treatment of the hands of surgeons
-hygienic treatment of hands of medical personnel
+treatment of the wound surface
-processing of donor elbow bends
? Skin antiseptics must have all properties except:
-target efficiency
-a wide range of antimicrobial activity
-long-term antimicrobial action
-safety for people
+virulence
? Skin antiseptics are available in all types except:
-water -alcohol solutions
-aqueous solutions
+pills
-napkins
-spray
? As active substances in the composition of skin antiseptics, you can enter:
+ethyl alcohol or chlorhexidine
-quaternary -ammonium compounds
-anti-inflammatory hand cream
-components that soften the skin
-glutaraldehyde
? What content of active chlorine in dry bleach is considered acceptable?
+25%
-eighteen%
-ten%
-five%
-3%
? Disinsection is ...
-Destruction of only insects of sanitary and hygienic importance
-Destruction of only insects that interfere with the work and rest of people
-Destruction of only insects and ticks that carry infectious diseases
35
+Destruction of insects and ticks that are carriers of pathogens of infectious
diseases, as
well as other insects of sanitary and hygienic importance and interfering with work
and rest of
people
-Extermination of only rodents of sanitary and hygienic importance
? The complex of measures for disinsection includes ...
+Preventive and extermination measures
-Breeding activities
-Anti-epidemic measures
-Health activities
-Sanitary educational activities
? Insecticides ...
+Destroy carriers
-Attract carriers
-Scare away carriers
-Are food for vectors
-Promote the reproduction of vectors
? Substances that kill arthropods (insects and ticks) include all of the above,
except for....
-Acaricides
-Ovicides
-Larvicides
-Imagocids
+Fungicides
?Insecticides are used in all listed forms, except ...
-Wettable powders and dusts
+Steam dry
-Emulsifiable concentrates
-Soaps, shampoos, ointments, lotions, pencils
-Insecticidal checkers and aerosols
? From the list provided, select non-insecticide substances ...
-Byteks, pyrethrum, benzyl benzoate
-Boric acid, butadione, neopinamine
-Karbofos, methylacetophos, aikon
-Ethylene oxide, bactoculicide. metathione
+Potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide
?Fumigants are used ...
-In any premises with the observance of safety precautions
+Only in sealed rooms with proper precautions
-In any well-ventilated area
-In public transport
-During mass events
? Intestinal poisons are used to destroy ...
-Different types of vectors
+Insects with a licking-sucking mouth apparatus
-Only arthropods
-Only synanthropic and wild rodents
-Wild and domestic animals
? Disinsection is carried out in the foci of the following infections ...
+Typhus, plague
-Anthrax
-Yersiniosis
36
-Leptospirosis
-Brucellosis
?Insecticides-pediculocides are used ...
-In all cases of lice detection
+Only for medium to heavy lice infestations
-In all cases of detection of nits
-In all cases of contact
-Only for mild lice infestation
? In the proposed list, select persons to be treated with pediculocides if lice are
found in
them (more than 10 specimens, including nits)
+School students
-A woman in labor entering the maternity hospital
-Patient with eczema; head lice detected at an appointment at the clinic
-Child 3 years old; head lice diagnosed at the reception in the children's clinic
-All dispensary patients
? Treatment of those affected with head lice is carried out by medical
personnel ...
-Universities
+Boarding schools and hostels
-Of technical schools
-Schools
-Schools
?Treatment of those affected with head lice is carried out by medical personnel ...
+Kindergartens
-all of the above
-College
-Hospitals
-Gymnasium
The personnel of disinfection stations and departments carry out treatment for head
lice ...
-In all cases of detection of lice
+With clothes and mixed lice (head lice, body lice, pubic lice detection)
-Only with head lice
-Only for pubic lice
-Only when nits are found
? The fight against ticks includes ...
+Environmental and Chemical Method
-Mechanical method
-Physical way
-Thermal method
-Biological method
?All are used as deterrent agents for blood-sucking insects, except ...
-Benzimin
-Diethyl-2,5-dimethylbenzamide (DEXA)
-Diethyltoluamide (DEET)
-Benzoylpiperidine
+Means "Kombat"
?Medical pest control is:
-control of natural vectors
+all of the above
-measures to create conditions that prevent reproduction, life and settlement of
arthropods
-measures to prevent attacks of arthropods on humans and surrounding objects
37
-destruction of arthropods at all stages of development and in all habitats
? The choice of method for the extermination of arthropods depends on everything
except:
-formulation of insecticides
-expected effect
-physical and chemical properties of the processed object
-biological and ecological characteristics of arthropods
+life span of arthropods
?When examined in the admission department, a patient entering the therapeutic
department was found to have nits and lice. Your tactics?
+treat hair with lice remedy
-treat with insecticidal soap
-washing your hair with hot water and laundry soap
-treat with chloramine solution
-send things for chamber disinfection.
? A tourist returning from a hike through the forest found a tick sucking on his
neck. How
do I remove it?
-Tear off sharply
-Remove with tweezers
-Lubricate the surface of the tick with 5% iodine solution
+Grease the surface of the mite gently with vegetable oil
-All of the above
?What can be done to protect against and control flies?
+storage of food in a closed container
-drainage of reservoirs
-decontamination of toys
-wearing more closed clothing
-working dishes
?What measures are used to combat flies?
-decontamination of toys
-drainage of reservoirs
+decontamination of waste bins
-wearing more closed clothing
-working dishes
?Indicate one of the methods of dealing with flies?
-wearing more closed clothing
-drainage of reservoirs
+mesh windows and doors
-decontamination of toys
-working dishes
? What can be done to protect against and control flies?
-drainage of reservoirs
-decontamination of toys
-wearing more closed clothing
-working dishes
+treatment of premises with insecticides
?. Deratization is ...
-Only the destruction of rodents-sources of infectious agents
-Only protection against rodents of crops, food and property
+Destruction of rodents -sources of pathogens and protection of crops, food and
property
from them
38
-Insect extermination
-Destruction of arthropods
?The set of measures for deratization includes ...
-Preventive measures
+Exterminatory measures
-Sanitary measures
-Educational measures
-Breeding measures
?Deratization is carried out ...
+As planned or according to epidemiological indications
-Spring-summer period
-In emergencies
-During a flu epidemic
-Autumn-winter period
? It is advisable to use mechanical means of rodent control ...
-In natural foci of infectious diseases
+all of the above
-In preschool childcare facilities
-In hospitals
-In the food industry
? Everything except... belongs to raticides (rodenticides).
-Monofluorin, Chloropicrin
+Chlorhexidine
-Ratin, Zoocoumarin
-Sulfurous anhydride and Ethylphenacin paste
-Glyfluor, Fluoroacetamide
? Deratization work is performed by everyone except:
-departments of preventive disinfection of the centers of the State Sanitary and
Epidemiological Supervision
-departments for preventive disinfection of disinfection stations
-private licensed disinfection companies
+primary health service
-departmental services of the State Sanitary and Epidemiological Supervision
?In children's, medical, food and similar objects, bait with rodenticides is
permissible:
-lay out, if necessary, in all premises of child care facilities
+use only in rooms inaccessible to children, in the absence of children and place
them in
special containers
-use only in groups
-lay out on the floor, along the paths of rodents, in places from feeding
-apply everywhere
?Emergency prevention as a measure of exposure to the source of infection has the
following goals:
-Prevent the course of the disease
-Mitigate the course of the disease
-Reduce mortality
-Translate the manifest course of the disease into a carrier
+Interrupt the infectious process in the incubation period before the first signs
of the
disease appear
39
?Measures to create immunity are leading in the complex of control and prevention
measures
for:
-Intestinal infections
+Respiratory Tract Infections
-Blood infections
-Infections of the outer integument
-All of the above
? Vaccination is the leading measure in natural foci:
-Leptospirosis
+Yellow Fever
-Plagues
-Yersiniosis
-Hemorrhagic fever
? Immunoprophylaxis is the creation of an immune layer among the population
using ...
-Live vaccines only
-Only toxoid
+Live, inactivated, chemical vaccines, toxoids and immunoglobulins
-Chemical vaccines only
-Only inactivated vaccines
?Indicate the possible ways of acquiring active natural immunity
-Administration of vaccines
+Illness or latent immunization
-Introduction of immunoglobulin
-Serum injection
-Introduction of toxoid
?The possible ways of acquiring active artificial immunity include all of the
above, except ..
-Introduction of toxoid
-Introduction of a live vaccine
-Introduction of an inactivated vaccine
-Introduction of a chemical vaccine
+Recovering from this infection
? The possible ways of acquiring passive artificial immunity include all of the
above, except
-Introduction of heterologous immunoglobulin
-Introduction of heterologous serum
+Vaccination
-Introduction of homologous immunoglobulin
-Plasma injection
? A vaccine is a preparation consisting of all of the above, except ...
-Live pathogens with weakened virulence
+Endotoxin
-Products of chemical decomposition of bacteria
-Detoxified exotoxins
-Killed corpuscular pathogenic microorganisms
? The immunogenicity of a vaccine is ...
+A set of properties that determine the ability of an immunogen to induce humoral
and
(or) cellular immunity in immunocompetent organisms or cells
-Ability to induce the formation of primary sensitization of the body
-The degree of its foreignness, which is necessary for the formation of post-
vaccination
immunity
-The degree of foreignness of the pathogen
40
-Ability to form a primary allergic reaction
? The immunogenicity of a vaccine depends ...
-From the chemical and physical state of the injected antigen
-From the chemical, physical state of the injected antigen and the degree of its
foreignness
+On the size of the molecule, conformation, configuration, chemical structure,
physical
state and degree of foreignness of the administered antigen
-From the temperature of the vaccine
-From the timing of vaccine transportation
? Live vaccines are used for immunization ...
-Yersiniosis
+Tuberculosis
-Campylobacteriosis
-Leishmaniasis
-Hepatitis E
?Live vaccines are used for immunization ...
+Corey
-Hepatitis A
-Leptospirosis
-Malaria
-HIV infection
? Inactivated vaccines are used for immunoprophylaxis of all the listed diseases,
except for ..
-Pertussis
-Flu
-Typhoid fever
-Rabies
+Tuberculosis
?A chemical vaccine contains ...
-All antigens of a microbial cell
-Lipopolysaccharide protein antigenic complexes (LPS) of microbial cells
+Predominantly protective antigens of the microbial cell
-Emulsifiers
-Stabilizers
? Chemical vaccines are not used for immunization ...
+Tuberculosis
-Meningococcal infection
-Pneumococcal infection
-Typhoid fever
-Cholera
?For the prevention of what infectious diseases toxoid is not used?
-Tetanus
-Botulism
-Diphtheria
+Corey
-Gas gangrene
? What vaccines provide intense long-term immunity after a single administration?
+BCG and measles
-Rabies vaccine
-Whooping cough
-Typhoid
-against the plague
41
? Post-vaccination immunity is preserved ...
-Within 1-2 months
-For 12 years
+For 2-5 years or more
-Life
-Within 1 year
? For what infectious diseases can a vaccine be used to protect contact persons?
+With measles
-With the plague
-With whooping cough
-With meningococcal infection
-With typhoid fever
?To obtain homologous immunoglobulins, all of the above drugs are used. Besides...
-Blood collected during abortion
-Blood from immunized donors
-Blood of ill people
-Placental blood
+Blood of recovered animals
? To obtain heterologous immunoglobulins and sera, it is used ...
-Blood of those who have recovered
+Blood of hyperimmunized animals
-Blood of bacteria carriers
-Blood of healthy animals
-Blood from healthy donors
?Maximum duration of the protective action of heterologous immunoglobulins and sera
...
-1-2 weeks
+4-6 weeks
-6 month
-12 months
-18 months
? All of the above, except ...
-Normal human immunoglobulin
-Tetanus immunoglobulin
-Anti-influenza immunoglobulin
-Pertussis immunoglobulin
+Antirabies immunoglobulin
? From the list, select homologous preparations
-Anticorrosive immunoglobulin
-Antistaphylococcal immunoglobulin
-Immunoglobulin against tick-borne encephalitis
-Anti-botulinum serum
+All of the above are correct
? According to the Bezredki method, one should introduce ...
-Homologous immunoglobulins
+Heterologous immunoglobulins and sera
-Live vaccines
-Vaccines inactivated
-Homologous sera
? The drugs administered by the Bezredki method include all of the above, except
-Antirabies immunoglobulin and tick-borne encephalitis
42
-Antileptospiral immunoglobulin
-Anti-diphtheria and anti-botulinum serum
-Anti-gangrenous and anti-tetanus serum
+Anti-tetanus human immunoglobulin
? Why is an ampoule with normal horse serum at a dilution of 1: 100 placed in a box
with
tetanus toxoid?
+To determine the sensitivity of the vaccine to horse serum proteins and to
sensitize the
body
-To create passive immunity
-To create active immunity
-For sensitizing the body
-To create natural immunity
? Specify the duration of the protective action of bacteriophages
-Few hours
+3-5 days
-14 days
-1 month
-1 year
? Measures to create immunity are leading in the complex of control and prevention
measures for:
-Intestinal infections
+Respiratory Tract Infections
-Blood infections
-Infections of the outer integument
-All of the above
?Vaccination is the leading measure in natural foci:
-Leptospirosis
+Yellow Fever
-Plague
-Yersiniosis
-Q Fever
? Eradication of an infectious disease on a global scale means:
-Absence of disease
-Absence of conditions for the implementation of the transfer mechanism
-Lack of carrier
+Elimination of the pathogen as a biological species
-Lack of susceptible persons
?Globally eradicated infections include:
-Poliomyelitis
+Smallpox
-Monkeypox in humans
-Dracunculiasis
-T -cell leukemia
?Specify vaccinations defined as routine
-Children according to the vaccination schedule
-For servicemen against gas gangrene, botulism
-For servicemen against diphtheria and tetanus
-Employees of bacteriological, virological laboratories
+All of the above are correct
43
?Temporary contraindications for routine vaccinations are all except ...
-Acute febrile diseases
-Severe reaction to a previous dose of vaccine
-Primary immunodeficiency
+Mild reaction to a previous dose of vaccine
-Progressive neurological pathology
? Contraindications for routine vaccinations are all except ...
-Chronic diseases
-Severe allergies
-Malignant neoplasms
-Birth weight less than 2000 g
+Diarrhea in a child
? Should vaccinated persons be informed about possible reactions to vaccine
administration?
-No, to avoid rejection and unnecessary fear of vaccination
+Yes, it is necessary to explain the reasons for the reactions and the measures
when they
appear
-In each case, the healthcare professional must act on his own
-No, not required
-Yes, when contacting the head physician
? You have to form a vaccination team. Which of the medical workers cannot join it?
-Nurse who has been suffering from peptic ulcer for 2 years
-A doctor who had viral hepatitis A 8 months ago
-Nurse with grade II hypertension
-Nurse with chronic pancreatitis
+Nurse Registrar
? Appearance of the AS, ADS-M toxoid ...
+Cloudy liquid on shaking, and on standing, a precipitate and a clear supernatant
liquid
form
-Clear liquid
-Transparent with a yellow tint
-Turbid with a green tint
-Dried liquid
? You are going to administer tetanus toxoid to the patient in the surgery. When
examining
the ampoule, you found a slight sediment. How to proceed?
-Shake to evenly distribute the sediment in the liquid, then draw the serum into
the syringe
and inject to the patient
-Gently draw the supernatant into the syringe and inject into the patient
+Consider the drug unusable. Do not apply
-Dilute with saline
-Warm up in a water bath
? Emergency prevention as a measure of influence on the source of infection is
aimed at:
-Prevent the course of the disease
-Mitigate the course of the disease
-Reduce mortality
-Translate the manifest course of the disease into a carrier
+Interrupt the infectious process in the incubation period before the first signs
of the
disease appear
? A new series of vaccines has been received at the vaccination room. Physical
properties
are tested ...
-In all boxes
44
-Only in one box that lies on top
+In at least 2 boxes
-In no more than 2 boxes
-In one ampoule
? What to do if the number of strong and medium reactions of revaccination reaches
18% or
more?
-Conduct vaccinations under the protection of immunoglobulin
-Administer the vaccine at a lower dose
+Cancel vaccinations and get another series of vaccines
-Conduct vaccinations against the background of antihistamine therapy
-Conduct vaccinations against the background of antibiotic therapy
? The Cold Chain is ...
-Cooling the drug before administration to ensure the best immunogenic effect
-Temperature control during transportation of vaccines from manufacturer to
consumer
-Temperature control system during storage of vaccines
+Temperature control system during storage and transportation of vaccines from the
place
of manufacture to the place of vaccination
-Control system for continuity of transportation
?When transporting vaccines from a warehouse to a polyclinic, and from there to
other
vaccination sites, use ...
-Household thermoses
+Bags refrigerators
-Any container, the choice does not matter, since the transportation time is only a
few hours
-Medical bag
-Family doctor bag
?When transporting a vaccine in a bag -refrigerator refrigerants are placed ...
-Below, under the preparations
+Above, above the preparations
-Along the side of the bag
-The location of the refrigerants does not matter for refrigeration
-Side bags
? For vaccination outside the polyclinic, it is necessary to transport the vaccine
in a
refrigerator bag. How many times is the vaccine allowed to be taken and returned to
the
refrigerator if it has not been used?
-Just one time
+Only 3 times
-Any number of times if the ampoules were not opened
-Only 4 times
-Only 6 times
? The child is 4 months old, he was not vaccinated with BCG vaccine in the
maternity
hospital. What should be done?
-Get vaccinated immediately
-Get vaccinated after clinical examination
+Get vaccinated after clinical examination if Mantoux is negative
-Postpone vaccination until age 7
-Be vaccinated with BCG after vaccination with DPT and polio vaccines
?Which of the listed persons with a negative Mantoux reaction can be revaccinated
against
tuberculosis?
-A 15-year-old child suffered from viral hepatitis B 3 months ago
-A teenager 15 years old had chickenpox 12 months ago
45
-Child 7 years old from the outbreak of scarlet fever
-A 7-year-old child was revaccinated with ADS-M toxoid 2 weeks ago
+Child 7 years old was revaccinated with polio vaccine 3 months ago
? When can he return from the maternity hospital with a newborn, if there is a
patient with
tuberculosis in the family?
-1 week after childbirth and vaccination of the baby with BCG
-2 -3 weeks after childbirth and vaccination of the baby with BCG
+6 -8 weeks after childbirth and BCG vaccination
-5 weeks after childbirth without BCG vaccination
-12 weeks after delivery without BCG vaccination
? In the absence of the incidence of poliomyelitis, should children be vaccinated
with
poliomyelitis vaccine?
+Vaccinations are mandatory
-Vaccinations are optional, they should only be carried out when patients with
polio appear.
-Vaccinations should only be carried out at the request of the parents
-Do not vaccinate at all
-Only organized children should be vaccinated
? What is the sequence of actions during the simultaneous vaccination of a child
with DPT
and polio vaccine?
-First, DTP is vaccinated, then polio vaccine is given
+First the polio vaccine, then the DTP
-The sequence of vaccine administration is not practical
-First polio vaccine after 1 hour DPT vaccine
-First, they are vaccinated with DPT, after 1 hour they are given a polio vaccine
? What interval should be observed for successive vaccinations of children with DPT
vaccine?
-Ten-day interval for three vaccinations
+30 -day interval for three vaccinations
-1.5 to 6 months between vaccinations
-Irrelevant
-According to indications
?A child 10 months early -at 3 and 5 months, twice vaccinated with DPT, suffered
pneumonia two months ago, is now healthy. What to do with further vaccination?
-To consider as invalid the earlier vaccinations, restart the three-time DPT
vaccination
+Continue vaccination, get the third DPT shot
-Consider two vaccinations sufficient, after 1-1.5 years, do a DPT revaccination
-Continue vaccination with ADS-M toxoid
-Do not vaccinate
? A child vaccinated with DPT vaccine showed an increase in body temperature up to
37.3C,
a slightly painful induration at the injection site. This is regarded as ...
+Normal vaccination process
-Violation of the vaccine administration procedure
-Hypersensitivity to the vaccine, in the future it is necessary to refuse
vaccinations
-Reaction to injection
-Condition not related to vaccination
? A 6-month-old child after the initial administration of the DPT vaccine developed
a
continuous piercing cry that lasted for 2 hours. How to resolve the issue of
further
vaccinations against whooping cough, diphtheria, tetanus?
-Continue DPT vaccinations with desensitizing agents
-Vaccinate with another series of DPT
46
-Refuse vaccinations
+Inoculate the child with ADS-M toxoid
-Vaccinate the child after 1 year
? At the age of three, a child has previous medical contraindications to
vaccinations. What
should be done now?
-Do not vaccinate due to fear of possible reactions to vaccinations
-Start vaccinations with DTP vaccines according to the vaccination schedule
+Replace DPT vaccine with ADS, all other vaccinations must be carried out
-Replace DPT vaccine with ADS, all other vaccinations do not need to be carried out
-Issue a medical record for life
? What drug to vaccinate a 4-year-old child who has not been previously vaccinated?
-DTP vaccine
+ADS toxoid
-AD-M toxoid
-AD-toxoid
-AC-toxoid
? A child of 5 months at 2 months of age had whooping cough. He received BCG in a
maternity hospital. What vaccinations should he receive in the first year of life?
-Vaccinate with DPT and polio vaccines
+Vaccinate ADS with toxoid and poliomyelitis vaccine
-Vaccinate AD-M with toxoid
-Do not vaccinate until 12 months
-Do not vaccinate until 2 years old
? For whom is routine measles vaccination indicated if children have not previously
had
measles and have not been vaccinated against measles?
+A 1-year-old child vaccinated 3 months ago with DPT vaccine
-A child 1 year 2 months old who had otitis media a week ago
-A child 1 year 2 months who had chickenpox 1 week ago
-Sick child with ARVI, body temperature 39C
-1 year old child with bronchopneumonia
? On the day of the prescribed measles vaccine, the child's body temperature is
38.4 C, runny
nose, cough. How to proceed?
-Introduce measles vaccine
+Postpone vaccination until body temperature is normal
-Cancel vaccination, consider vaccination 3 months after recovery
-Inject measles vaccine protected by immunoglobulin
-Cancel vaccination, consider vaccination six months after recovery
? What is the interval between the administration of immunoglobulin and live
measles
vaccine?
-Two weeks
-Six weeks
+Two -three months
-One week
-Three weeks
? Children with asymptomatic HIV infection can be vaccinated with the above
vaccines,
except ...
-Measles vaccine
-DTP vaccine
-ADS, ADS-M toxoid
-Live polio vaccine
47
+BCG
? Children with clinically expressed HIV infection can be vaccinated with all of
the listed
vaccines, except ...
-Mumps vaccine \
+BCG
-ADS, ADS-M toxoid
-Measles vaccine
-DTP vaccine
? Should refugee children be vaccinated?
+Should be done without fail and under serological control
-Should not be vaccinated because vaccinations were previously received
-Conduct selectively
-Carry out only for children under 3 years old
-Do not conduct to anyone
? The census of the child population is carried out:
+Once a year
-2 times per year
-1 every 5 years
-1 every 2 years
-2 times every 3 years
? With the introduction of the DTP vaccine, immunity develops:
-Antitoxic (to diphtheria and tetanus)
-Antimicrobial (against diphtheria and tetanus)
-Antimicrobial (for whooping cough)
+Antitoxic and antimicrobial (to diphtheria, tetanus and whooping cough)
-derfrfe
? Rabies vaccine is not given if:
-Pregnancy
-Hypertension II degree
+When hydrophobia appears
-Treatment of the victim on the 15th day after being bitten by an unknown dog.
? What drugs are used for active immunization?
+Live vaccine
-Bacteriophage
-Serum
-Immunoglobulin
-Interferon
? What drug causes active immunity?
+Toxoid
-Bacteriophage
-Serum
-Immunoglobulin
-Interferon
? Is active immunity produced upon administration?
+Killed vaccine
-Bacteriophage
-Serums
-Immunoglobulin
-Interferon
48
? What drugs are used for active immunization?
+Chemical Vaccine
-Serum
-Immunoglobulin
-Interferon
? BCG administration method -vaccine?
-Cut
+Intradermal
-Subcutaneously
-Per os
-Intramuscularly
?What does a positive Mantoux test mean?
-Allergization of the body
-Presence of post-vaccination allergy
+Infection with tuberculosis
-No infection
-Presence of immunity
? The main requirement for live vaccines?
-High immunogenicity
+Lack of virulence and pathogenicity
-High virulence and pathogenicity
-Low immunogenicity
-High reactogenicity
? What is the current form of polio vaccine?
-Dragee
-Powder
-Pills
-Suspensions
+Liquid
? What drug is used for the course of vaccination against diphtheria?
-AC
+DTP
-ADS-M
-AD-M
-BCG
?What is the basis for assessing the general vaccine reaction?
-By hyperemia
-By infiltration
+By temperature
-By the presence of a rash at the injection site
-By the presence of pain on the injection site
? In a vial with a chemical typhoid vaccine, a loose sediment. Your tactics?
+Shake well before use
-Draw up a transparent supernatant into the syringe
-Consider a vaccine unusable
-Destroy
-Send the manufacturer to the institute
? Specify a possible way of acquiring natural passive immunity:
+With mother's milk
-Disease in typical form
49
-Vaccine administration
-Serum injection
-Introduction of bacteriophage
? Select heterogeneous drugs:
-Interferon
-Measles immunoglobulin
-Tetanus Immunoglobulin (TI)
+Anti-diphtheria serum
-Antistaphylococcal gammaglobulin
? In the batch received, 20 ampoules of measles vaccine are unlabeled. Your
tactics?
-Use
-Send a request to the manufacturer
-Submit to commission
-Send ampoules to the manufacturer
+Destroy
? Choose a chemical vaccine from the proposed list:
-Diphtheria
-Korevaya
-Whooping cough
-Polio
+Typhoid
? For what diseases is emergency specific prophylaxis used?
-Typhoid fever
-Dysentery
+Tetanus
-Tuberculosis
-Viral hepatitis
?Emergency specific prophylaxis is used when ... ..
-Typhoid fever
-Dysentery
+Frenzy
-Tuberculosis
-Viral hepatitis
? Specify a possible way of acquiring natural active immunity:
+Carrying an infectious disease
-Introduction of the pathogen into the body
-Skin test with diagnostics
-Introduction to the body of a bacteriophage
-Introduction of immunoglobulin into the body
? Polio vaccine should be stored:
-At room temperature
-In thermostat
-In the medicine cabinet
-In the refrigerator on the shelf
+Under the fridge freezer
?Which of the following drugs are administered by the Frequently method:
-Measles immunoglobulin
+Rabies immunoglobulin
-Anti-diphtheria serum
-Anti-Tetanus Human Immunoglobulin (TITI)
50
-Antistaphylococcal gammaglobulin
?By the method ......
-Measles immunoglobulin
-Anti-diphtheria serum
+Anti-tetanus serum
-Anti-tetanus human immunoglobulin (TIGI)
-Antistaphylococcal gammaglobulin
? Which of the following drugs forms the most intense immunity?
-Anatoxin
-Killed vaccines
-Interferon
+Live vaccines
-Bacteriophage
? Select killed vaccines from the list provided:
-BCG
+Pertussis
-Polio
-Korevaya
-Diphtheria
? What does a chemical vaccine contain?
+Predominantly purified antigens
-Microbial cells
-All antigens of pathogens
-Neutralized toxins
-Blood globulins
? During transportation, ampoules with BCG vaccine were broken. Your tactics?
-Throw in the trash bin
-Send back to the institute manufacturer
-Fill with a concentrated solution of bleach
+Destroy, pre-neutralize by boiling
-Autoclave
? What is the technique for administering rabies vaccine?
-Intradermal
-Intramuscularly
-Intravenous
-Cut
+Subcutaneous
? Specify possible ways of acquiring artificial passive immunity:
-Live vaccine
-Killed vaccine
-Bacteriophage
+Immunoglobulins
-Interferon
?Artificial passive immunity is developed when ... ..
-Live vaccine
-Of the killed vaccine
-Bacteriophage
+Serums
-Interferon
51
? Shelf life of diluted measles vaccine:
-1 day
-Use immediately
-1-2 hours
-More than a day
+Use during business hours
? What are toxoids?
+Neutralized exotoxins
-Killed microorganisms
-Neutralized endotoxins
-Living weakened microorganisms
-All antigens of pathogens
? What is the purpose of using tuberculin, brucellin, tularin?
-For active immunization
-To detect immunity
-For passive immunization
+To identify allergic changes in the body
-For the purpose of treating patients
? What is the mechanism of action of interferon?
-Creates antiviral immunity
-Lyses bacteria
+Protects cells from viruses
-Lyses viruses
-Creates antibacterial immunity
? A local reaction to the introduction of a vaccine is characterized by:
-Malaise
-Headache
+Hyperemia, edema at the injection site
-Rashes on the body
-Increased body temperature
? For what infections the leading measure in the fight against the disease is
specific
prophylaxis?
-Typhoid fever
+Diphtheria
-Flu
-Meningococcal infection
-Dysentery
? Specify a vaccine-preventable infection from the following.
-Typhoid fever
+Polio
-Flu
-Meningococcal infection
-Dysentery
? Vaccine quality criteria:
-sterility
-immunogenicity
-harmlessness
+all of the above
-stability
52
? If the refrigerator malfunctions, the temperature in it dropped to -20 � C. You
can use...
stored there.
-anti-diphtheria serum
-ADS-M vaccine
+live polio vaccine
-recombinant yeast vaccine against hepatitis B
-none of the listed drugs
? When you opened the box with measles vaccine, it did not contain instructions for
using
the drug. Your tactics?
-use instructions from another box of the same series
-use without instructions, knowing the vaccination technique
-take instructions from another doctor
+prohibit the use of the vaccine
-use
? Post-vaccination reactions include:
-persistent health disorder caused by the introduction of a low-quality vaccine
-severe health impairment associated with violation of the selection rules for
vaccination
+normal physiological response to vaccination
-pathological reaction caused by a violation of the immunization technique
-moderate-severity health disorder associated with violation of the selection rules
for
vaccination
? Post-vaccination complication:
-the physiological reaction of the body to the injection of a vaccine
-pathological reaction of the body provoked by violation of the selection rules for
vaccination
-persistent health disorder caused by the introduction of a low-quality vaccine
+severe health impairment due to individual reaction
-moderate-severity health disorder associated with violation of the selection rules
for
vaccination
? When pronounced local reactions appear in 3% of those vaccinated with DTP
vaccine, one
should:
+continue with this batch of the drug
-send a notification to the territorial center of the State Sanitary and
Epidemiological
Supervision
-notify the head of the medical institution
-send a complaint to the national control authority for immunobiological drugs
-do not vaccinate
? If a post-vaccination complication occurs, the doctor should:
+notify the head of the medical facility
-not send notifications to the territorial center of the State Sanitary and
Epidemiological
Supervision
-not find out the causes of post-vaccination complications
-send a complaint to the national regulatory authority for immunobiological drugs
-do not vaccinate
?The doctor's tactics when a post-vaccination complication occurs:
-do not inform the head of the medical institution
+send a notification to the territorial center of the State Sanitary and
Epidemiological
Supervision
-not find out the causes of post-vaccination complications
-send a complaint to the national control authority for immunobiological drugs
53
-do not vaccinate
? For the cold chain to function effectively, you need:
+refrigeration equipment for storage and transportation of medical immunobiological
preparations and specially trained personnel
-Conventional equipment for transporting medical immunobiological drugs
-Not trained staff
-control system for compliance with air humidity
-Only compliance with delivery times
? The causes of post-vaccination complications can be:
+violation of the rules of selection for vaccination and immunization techniques,
the use
of a low-quality drug and an individual reaction to vaccination
-violation of the sanitary and epidemiological regime
-failure to comply with the terms of vaccination
-wrong way of introduction
-wrong choice of injection site
?Tour immunization is:
-planned immunoprophylaxis
+one of the organizational forms of immunization, defined by WHO and carried out by
decision of the governing structures and due to the emergency situation for this
infection
-prevention according to epidemic indications
-prophylaxis carried out by the decision of the head of the healthcare facility and
due to the
emergency situation for this infection
-immunization with changing dates
? The creation of a rational calendar of preventive vaccinations is ensured by:
+selection of the most appropriate age for primary immunization by frequency of
repeated
vaccines
-frequency of single vaccine injections
-not adhering to the intervals between vaccinations
-of non-associated vaccines of various types
-the ability to vaccinate 80% of those to be vaccinated
? Specify epidemic indications for vaccine administration:
-the threat of the appearance of the disease in the family
-upcoming visit to the infectious diseases hospital
-communication with infectious patients
-treating a patient with an acute form of the disease
+upcoming trip to high-incidence area
?Select epidemiological indications for vaccine administration:
-upcoming visit to the infectious diseases hospital
+the threat of the spread of the disease in the city
-communication with infectious patients
-treating a patient with an acute form of the disease
-the threat of the appearance of the disease in the family
? Which of the following modes of administration of the vaccine are safe in
relation to the
possibility of contracting hepatitis?
-through mouth
-by scarification of the skin
-in injections
-using a needleless injector
+using disposable syringes
54
? What are the requirements for vaccine strains for the manufacture of live
vaccines?
-high virulence and pathogenicity
+) weakened virulence and pathogenicity, high immunogenicity
-lack of virulence
-presence of selectivity
-the ability to reproduce in the body of the vaccinated
? What infectious diseases should a child under 1 year of age be vaccinated
against?
-against typhoid fever, diphtheria, epidparotitis
+against tuberculosis, stickleback, diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis and
hepatitis B
-against epidparotitis
-against whooping cough, meningitis, hepatitis A
-against typhoid fever, measles and hepatitis A
? Which drug should be used for routine measles vaccinations?
-measles immunoglobulin
+measles vaccine
-DTP
-PSCHI
-PSS
? Can DTP vaccine be combined with the following vaccines?
-mumps
-korevoy
+polio
-BCG
-typhoid fever
? What are the indications for vaccination of typhoid-paratyphoid diseases?
-planned indications
+before traveling to disadvantaged areas
-when working with virulent cultures
-when working with patients
-when working with bacteria carriers
? Shift of vaccination to a later age compared to the one provided in the calendar:
+exposes the child to the risk of illness at the most dangerous age, reduces
vaccination
coverage at the prescribed ages
-accompanied by the most frequent adverse events in the post-vaccination period
-worsens statistics
-is of no fundamental importance and does not affect the actual effectiveness of
immunization
-dangerous to the health of the child
? In case of violation of the schedule of preventive vaccinations in a healthy
child, the doctor
should:
-start vaccinations again, followed by adherence to the vaccination schedule
+continue vaccinations according to the calendar, at the same time carry out
vaccinations
that were missed earlier and regulated at this age (except for BCG)
-develop an individual vaccination calendar
-increase the frequency of administration of the vaccine preparation
-does not matter
? The purpose of the first age-related revaccination during immunoprophylaxis:
-complete the creation of grund -immunity
+support immunity at a protective level and revive immune memory
-create immune memory
55
-for statistical reporting
-to create hereditary immunity
?The vaccination of the same name for a healthy child is not carried out if he has
suffered:
+tuberculosis
-diphtheria
-tetanus
-mess
-polio
? The Mantoux test is used for:
+early detection of the initial forms of tuberculosis, selection of the contingent
to be
revaccinated and determination of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis
-to fulfill the plan of vocational vaccinations
-for complete reporting of tuberculosis vaccinations
-to identify allergization of the body
-evaluating the effectiveness of treatment measures for tuberculosis
?The tasks of diphtheria immunization are:
+reduction of morbidity to isolated cases and frequency of severe toxic forms of
diseases
-reduction of only mortality
-to complete the vaccination coverage plan only
-elimination of the pathogen as a species
-for the prevention of extrabuccal forms of diphtheria
? Live measles vaccine is administered:
+routinely for children aged 12 months
-for emergency prevention for children aged 5 months
-for emergency prophylaxis for unvaccinated and non-measles children under the age
of 3
years
-in a planned manner children 10 years old
-at 1.5 years
? In the event of an epidemic focus of poliomyelitis, all but ...
-children under 3 years old not vaccinated
-adults in the epidemic focus.
+child 2 years old vaccinated less than 1 year ago
-adults not vaccinated against polio
-all children and adults in the outbreak
? What types of drugs are measles vaccine?
-Anatoxin
+Live vaccine
-Killed vaccine
-Chemical vaccine
-Interferon
? What disease is interferon used for?
+Flu
-Typhoid fever
-Dysentery
-Diphtheria
-Viral hepatitis
? What is the purpose of the BCG vaccine?
-Therapeutic
+For routine prevention
-For the purpose of emergency prevention
56
-Contact persons in the outbreaks
-For diagnostic purposes
? Which child can be routinely vaccinated against diphtheria?
-to recover 1 month ago ARVI
-who had had viral hepatitis B 5 months ago
+healthy
-who received gammaglobulin 2 weeks ago
-sick child with a body temperature of 39.6 � C
? What drugs are used to create passive immunity against tetanus?
-AC
-ADS-M
-OPV
+PSCHI
-BCG
? The child was discharged from the hospital after pneumonia, to determine the
timing of
vaccinations against diphtheria?
-do immediately
-a week later
+in a month
-in 6 months
-not to do
?The relevance of diphtheria is determined, first of all, by the level:
-disability;
-economic damage;
+bacteria carriers;
-lethality;
-incidence.
? In the protection of the body in diphtheria, the most important are:
+antitoxic and antibacterial antibodies;
-cytotoxic lymphocytes and phagocytes;
-class A immunoglobulins;
-lysozyme;
-interferon.
?The leading route of transmission of diphtheria is:
-air-dust;
-food
+airborne;
-vertical;
-contact-household.
? In the age structure of patients with diphtheria in modern conditions prevail:
-preschool children;
+primary school children;
-teenagers 15-17 years old;
-adults 40-49 years old;
-adults 50-59 years old.
?Diphtheria belongs to the group:
-zooanthroponoses;
-sapronosis;
+anthroponoses;
-zoonoses;
57
-zooanthroponoses with features of anthroponoses.
?In the pathogenesis of diphtheria, the most important is:
-local inflammatory process at the site of introduction of the pathogen;
-bacteremia;
+toxinemia;
-fever;
-damage to the walls of blood vessels.
?Protective titer for diphtheria (RPHA):
-1:10
-1: 20
+1: 40
-1: 320
-1: 160.
? Protects immunity from penetration of the pathogen into the body
(with diphtheria):
+antitoxic;
-antimicrobial.
-genetic;
-cellular;
-congenital.
? Maternal immunity in diphtheria lasts until:
-1 month;
-3 months;
+6 months;
-9 months;
-12 months.
? What is the leading measure in the prevention of diphtheria?
+vaccination;
-timely identification of patients and their hospitalization;
-broad media detection;
-emergency prophylaxis with antibiotics in the outbreaks;
-passive immunization of persons in contact with patients.
?What transmission mechanisms does dissemination provide in diphtheria infection??
+airborne;
-contact-household;
-vertical;
-artifactual, associated with intrusive diagnostic procedures;
-all of the above.
? What percentage of child vaccination coverage is provided by
epidemiological welfare for diphtheria?
-50-59%
-60-69%
-70-79%
-80% and above
+90% and above.
? Indicate the causative agent of diphtheria:
-viruses;
+corynebacteria;
-the simplest;
-rickettsia;
58
-fungi.
? Specify the duration of the incubation period for diphtheria:
+2-10 days
-11-15 days
-16-20 days
-2-7 days
-1-3 days.
? Diphtheria is transmitted:
+by airborne droplets;
-through flies;
-through blood:
-sexually;
-through fleas.
? It is permissible to leave at home:
-a patient with severe diphtheria;
-patient with mild diphtheria:
-bacteriological release of toxigenic corynebacteria;
+a bacteria-releasing atoxigenic corynebacterium;
-a patient with a localized form of oropharyngeal diphtheria.
?The need for vaccinations against diphtheria is primarily caused by:
-high incidence;
+high lethality;
-ease of implementation of the transfer mechanism;
-large economic losses from morbidity;
-disability.
? Sources of infection that currently have the greatest epidemiological
significance in
diphtheria are:
-convalescents;
+carriers of toxigenic strains;
-patients with a typical form of diphtheria;
-patients with erased form of diphtheria;
-Patients with localized forms of oropharyngeal diphtheria.
? In the fight against diphtheria, the most important are:
-timely detection of patients with diphtheria;
-timely and complete identification of carriers of toxigenic strains;
-final disinfection;
+planned immunization of the population;
-compliance with the sanitary and hygienic regime.
?If a case of diphtheria occurs, you must:
-urgent administration of antitoxic serum before hospitalization;
-urgent administration of diphtheria toxoid to create specific immunity;
+be sure to hospitalize the patient, regardless of the clinical forms;
-hospitalize patients with severe and moderate forms, with mild clinical course -
isolate
at home;
-urgent administration of antibiotics.
?Specify the method of administration of antidiphtheria serum (PDS)
-imultaneously intramuscularly;
-fractional intramuscularly;
-fractional intravenous;
-intradermally;
59
+fractional method: first intradermally diluted, then undiluted subcutaneously,
then
the entire dose intramuscularly.
?What is the most frequent localization of diphtheria:
-nose;
-larynx;
+yaw;
-wounds;
-the genitals.
?What are the specific drugs used to treat diphtheria:
-sulfonamides;
-antibiotics;
+antitoxic serum;
-colloidal solutions;
-corticosteroids.
? Intestinal infectious diseases belong to all the listed groups, except ...
-Only to the group of anthroponoses
-Only to the group of zoonoses
-Only to the group of sapronoses
+Only to the protozoan group
-True b); d)
?The mechanism of transmission of intestinal infections is realized in all ways,
except ...
-By water
-Food route
+Vertical path
-Using mechanical carriers
-Contact-household way
?Mechanical vectors of pathogens of intestinal infections are ...
-Mosquitoes
-Blind
+Synanthropic flies (indoor, brownie, meat, gray, green, etc.)
-Pincers
-Tsetse fly
?A waterborne outbreak of intestinal infections is characterized by all of the
listed
symptoms, except ...
-Territorial limitation and characteristics of the age composition of patients
-Lack of seasonality and the presence of outbreak precursors
-The variety of registered nosological forms of intestinal infections and the
isolation of
various sero-, phago-or biovars of pathogens
-The maximum or average incubation period and the prevalence among diseased
patients
with mild, erased forms of the disease
+Lack of "epidemic tail"
?The main measures for the prevention and control of intestinal infections are ...
-Identification and neutralization of sources of infection
+Interruption of pathogen transmission pathways
-Immunization of susceptible populations
-Sanitary educational work
-Quarantine
?The epidemic process of typhoid fever in modern conditions is characterized by all
of the
above, except ...
-The smoothness of seasonal rises
60
+Sporadic morbidity
-Epidemic type of morbidity
-Uneven distribution of morbidity by administrative territories
-A trend towards stabilization of the incidence
?The source of the causative agent of typhoid fever is all the listed categories of
persons,
except ...
-Sick person in the midst of
+Sick person in the incubation period of the disease
-Transient bacteria carrier
-Acute bacteria carrier
-Chronic bacteria carrier
? During what periods of illness is a patient with typhoid fever not dangerous to
others?
-During convalescence
-In the first 3-4 days of illness
-At the end of the 1st week of illness
-During the height of the disease -at the 2-3rd week
+Incubation period
?Is it of practical value to determine the phagovars of typhoid bacteria isolated
from
patients?
-It is important for rational etiotropic therapy
+This is important for finding the source of the infectious agent
-This is of little practical importance
-This is important for rational pathogenetic therapy
-It matters for finding a susceptible organism
?Dispensary observation for typhoid and paratyphoid fever ...
+All those who have been ill
-Only persons of epidemiologically significant professions
-Contact persons from the outbreak of typhoid fever
-All neighbors
-Close relatives
? Which of the following individuals is not eligible for vaccinations against
typhoid fever?
+Reconvalescent typhoid fever
-Residents of the village if it is impossible to quickly establish the provision of
good-quality
drinking water
-The population living in the territory, epidemiologically unfavorable for typhoid
fever
-Traveling to countries with tropical climates (Asia, Africa, Latin America)
-Persons who have professional contact with the causative agent of typhoid fever
?The epidemiological features of modern dysentery do not include ...
-Determination of the activity of transmission pathways of the pathogen
-The emergence of group diseases and large epidemic outbreaks
-The predominance of dysentery caused by Shigella Zona or Flexner
-High incidence of children and the presence of seasonal rises
+High incidence of illness in the adult population caused by Bodie shigella
? The leading way of transmission of Shigella Sonne ...
-Water
+Food
-Contact-household
-Airborne
-Sexual
61
?When analyzing the outbreak of Flexner's dysentery, the attending physicians drew
attention to the prevalence of mild forms of the disease and the isolation of
various
serological variants of the pathogen from patients. What transmission route can be
assumed?
-Contact-household
-Food
+Water
-Airborne
-Sexual
?The waterway of transmission is leading ...
+For HAV, HE
-With HBV
-With HCV
-Heliotropic hepatitis
-Toxic hepatitis
?Seasonal increases in the incidence of HAV are recorded ...
-In the spring and summer
+In the autumn-winter period
-Has no seasonality
-All year round
-At an air temperature of +35C
?Sources of HAV can be all listed, except ...
-Patients with anicteric form of the disease
-Patients with icteric form of the disease
-Patients with an erased form of the disease
+Patients with obstructive jaundice
-Patients with inapparent (asymptomatic, subclinical) form of the disease
?Patients with HAV are dangerous to others during all the listed periods, except
for ...?
-In the second half of the incubation period
-In the last 7-10 incubation period
-In the prodromal period
-In the period 3-5 days of the height of the disease
+During convalescence
?In what periods of illness is a patient with acute HBV not dangerous as a source
of
infection?
+In the first 2-3 days of the incubation period
-In the last 2-8 weeks of the incubation period
-In the prodromal period
-In the icteric period (the height of the disease)
-During the rehabilitation period
? Infection with HBV is impossible ...
-With blood transfusions
-For parenteral interventions
+Through the water
-In utero or during labor
-When using personal hygiene items (towels, washcloths, toothbrushes, manicure
supplies,
etc.) or during sexual intercourse
? The complex of HBV prevention measures includes all of the above, except ...
-Using disposable syringes
-Compliance with the sterilization regime for the processing of reusable
instrumentation in
medical institutions
62
+Dispensary observation
-Screening for HBsAg
-Vaccination of people from "risk groups"
? Dispensary observation is subject to all, except ...
-Those who have had HBV, HCV and delta infection
-Newborns from mothers with HAV and HBsAg carriers
-HBsAg carriers
-Those who have had HAV and HEV
+Patients with cholelithiasis
?Viral hepatitis with a fecal-oral transmission mechanism includes:
+viral hepatitis A;
-viral hepatitis C;
-viral hepatitis B;
-viral hepatitis G
-all of the above
?Source of infection for hepatitis A:
-convalescent
+patient with anicteric form;
-carrier of the virus after an illness;
-healthy virus carrier.
-all of the above
?A patient with hepatitis A is most contagious:
-during the height of the disease;
-at the beginning of the incubation period;
+in the prodromal period;
-during convalescence.
-all of the above
?The hepatitis A virus is most intensively excreted from the human body:
+10-14 days before the onset of jaundice;
-when IgM-anti-HAV appears in a high titer;
-during the entire period of the disease;
-when jaundice appears.
-all of the above
?The main route of transmission of the hepatitis A virus:
+contact-household:
-water;
-food
-airborne.
-all of the above
?Transmission of the hepatitis E virus is possible by:
-contact and household;
+aquatic;
-food;
-airborne.
-all of the above
? The most significant route of transmission of the hepatitis A virus in preschool
institutions
-water;
-airborne;
-food;
+contact-household.
63
-all of the above
? The main route of transmission of the hepatitis E virus:
+water;
-food;
-contact-household;
-parenteral.
-all of the above
?A pronounced rise in the incidence of hepatitis A every 2 years is associated
primarily
with:
-with a change in the virulence of the hepatitis A virus;
+with the emergence of a large layer of susceptible to hepatitis A;
-with the termination of anti-epidemic measures;
-with a longer interepidemic period (90s) due to changes in the demographic
structure of the
population
-all of the above
?When a patient is diagnosed with hepatitis A:
-are not hospitalized;
+are hospitalized for clinical and epidemic indications
-always hospitalized
-are hospitalized only for epidemic indications.
-all of the above
?Those who have communicated with patients with hepatitis A are shown:
+medical supervision with daily thermometry for 35 days;
-examination for the presence of IgM-anti-HAV;
-obligatory blood test for alanine aminotransferase activity;
-a blood test for the activity of alanine aminotransferase when clinical signs of
the disease
appear.
-all of the above
?A 5-year-old child who lives with his parents in a hostel has been diagnosed with
a
presumptive diagnosis of viral hepatitis (mild form). Such a patient:
-are not hospitalized;
+are hospitalized for epidemic indications;
-hospitalized for clinical reasons;
-are hospitalized because the etiology of hepatitis is not known.
-all of the above
?In the kindergarten group there were 5 cases of hepatitis A. It follows:
+establish medical supervision of children for 35 days with daily thermometry;
-examine all children for alanine aminotransferase activity;
-check the activity of alanine aminotransferase when the first clinical signs
appear;
-if possible, vaccinate against hepatitis A.
-all of the above
?Donors who have communicated with a patient with hepatitis A (hepatitis E) from
donating blood:
+don't move away;
-are suspended for life;
-suspended for a period of 6 months;
-are suspended for 1 year.
-all of the above
? Objective criteria for the diagnosis of viral hepatitis A:
-presence of Hbs antigen;
64
+the emergence of IgM-anti HAV in a high titer;
-the appearance of jaundice;
-increasing the activity of alanine aminotransferase.
-all of the above
? After contracting viral hepatitis A:
+long-term intense post-infectious immunity is developed;
-short-term non-tense post-infectious immunity is developed;
-the issue of the development of long-term intense post-infectious immunity has not
been
sufficiently studied;
-long-term tense post-infectious immunity is not produced.
-all of the above
?After the transferred viral hepatitis E is produced:
+long-term intense post-infectious immunity;
-short-term unstressed post-infectious immunity;
-the issue of the development of long-term intense post-infectious immunity has not
been
sufficiently studied;
-long-term tense post-infectious immunity is not produced
-all of the above
?The socio-economic significance of viral hepatitis B is associated with:
-the formation of chronic forms of the course of the disease;
-predominance of asymptomatic and erased forms of infection;
-development of primary liver cancer;
-development of liver cirrhosis;
+all of the above.
?The intensity of the epidemic process of viral hepatitis B is determined by:
-the incidence of acute viral hepatitis B;
-the prevalence of hepatocellular carcinoma;
-decrease in working capacity due to infection;
+the prevalence of HbsAg carriage, as well as other HBV markers in the population.
-all of the above
?The features of the epidemic process of viral hepatitis B include everything
except:
-global spread with uneven territorial distribution of incidence;
-uneven damage to various groups of the population;
-even distribution of morbidity by age;
-occurrence of epidemiologically related multiple cases of the disease.
+isolated diseases
? Epidemic trouble in the country for parenteral viral hepatitis is associated with
all of the
following, except:
-mass carrying out of invasive diagnostic procedures;
-direct blood transfusion;
-an increase in the number of organ and tissue transplant operations;
+changing demographics
-addiction
? Measures to prevent and control viral hepatitis B:
-active identification of sources of infection among patients of hemodialysis
departments;
-Vaccination of children 1 year of life, adolescents, groups of increased risk of
infection and
disease;
-removal from donation of persons with any deviations in health;
-creation of centralized sterilization departments (divisions) in health care
facilities.
+all of the above
65
? For the prevention of viral hepatitis B licensed and approved for use in the
Republic of
Tajikistan:
+genetically engineered vaccine;
-plasma vaccine;
-specific serum;
-specific immunoglobulin;
-specific immune plasma.
?Persons living with a patient with chronic hepatitis B or a carrier of HBsAg:
-are under dynamic medical supervision;
-are under medical supervision for 6 months;
-are examined for HbsAg when registering the focus;
-necessarily undergo an in-depth clinical and laboratory examination;
+are subject to vaccination;
? The donor is indefinitely suspended from donating blood:
-who has received a transfusion of blood or blood components;
-underwent viral hepatitis, regardless of the duration of the disease;
+when establishing an absolutely reliable fact of infection of the recipient;
-when establishing post-transfusion hepatitis in 2 recipients of one donor or more;
-with clinical or laboratory signs of liver pathology during the examination.
?Health care workers involved in the collection, collection or processing of blood,
when
detecting HBsAg -antigenemia:
-continue their professional activities without restrictions;
+are transferred to another job not related to blood;
-are supplied with personal care items and continue to work in compliance with the
rules of
personal hygiene;
-temporarily suspended from work in violation of the integrity of the skin.
-all of the above
?After suffering acute hepatitis B, the surgeon:
-permanently suspended from work in the specialty;
-as a rule, continues to work in his specialty, strictly observing the rules of
personal
hygiene;
-is under dynamic supervision for 1 year and undergoes control examinations;
-is removed from the dispensary registration with favorable clinical and laboratory
data
confirming the body's sanitation and recovery;
+is subject to annual testing for HbsAg and anti-HCV.
? To what group of infectious diseases does malaria belong?
+. Anthroponoses
-Zoonoses
-Anthropozoonoses
-Sapronose
-Helminthiasis
? What types of pathogens cause malaria?
-Viruses
-Mushrooms
-Bacteria
-helminths
+Simplest
?Identify the causative agent of three-day malaria.
+Pl. Vivax
-Pl. Falciparum
66
-Pl. Ovale
-Pl. Malaria
-Br. melitensis
?Identify the causative agent of tropical malaria
-Pl. Vivax
+Pl. Falciparum
-Pl. Ovale
-Pl. Malaria
-Sl. paratyphy
? Identify the causative agent of four-day malaria.
-Pl. Vivax
-Pl. Falciparum
-Pl. Ovale
+Pl. Malaria
-Pl. tropicum
?Which of the types of human malaria plasmodia is more widespread in Tajikistan?
+Pl. Vivax
-Pl. Falciparum
-Pl. Ovale
-Pl. Malaria
-Pl. tropicum
? Pre-erythrocytic schizogony (tissue) occurs in....
-Kidney
-Spleen
+Liver
-Lungs
-Blood
? Erythrocytic schizogony lasts 48 hours in malaria caused by:
+Pl. Vivax, Pl. Ovale and Pl. Malaria
-Pl. Falciparum and Pl. Ovale
-Pl. Ovale and Pl. Malaria
-Pl. Malaria and Pl. Vivax
-onlyPl. Falciparum
? Dormant forms of the parasite (hypnozoites) are absent when....
-Pl. Vivax
+Pl. Falciparum
-Pl. Ovale
-Pl. Malaria
-Pl. tropicum
? The source of malaria infection is....
-infected rodents
-sick birds
+sick person
-infected mosquito
-infected ticks
?Human malaria can only be transmitted by ...
+mosquito Anopheles
-the mosquito Culex
-MosquitoAedes
-Ph. papatasii
67
-Ph. major
?Specify the mechanism of transmission in malaria infection.
-Fecal-oral
+Transmissive
-Airborne
-Contact
-Food
? The process of development of plasmodium in the body of a mosquito is called
-gametashizogony
-schizogony
-red cell schizogony
-tissue schizogony
+sporogony
?Sporogony occurs in ...
-teleparasitic carrier with tropical malaria
-the body of a female mosquito Culex
+body of female Anopheles mosquito
-the body of a patient with three-day malaria
-teleparasitic carrier with four-day malaria
?What is the duration of the incubation period for Vivax malaria (three days)
-5 -6 days
+14 -16 days
-9 -10 days
-15 days
-18 days
?What is the length of the incubation period for Falciparum (tropical) malaria?
-5 -6 days
+10 -12 days
-8 -9 days
-15 days
-18 days
?It is most expedient to attribute anthrax to the group:
-Zooanthroponoses
-Zoonoses
-Anthroponoses
-Sapronozov
+Zooanthroponosis with features of sapronosis
?The most epidemiologically significant property of the anthrax pathogen is:
-Capsule formation
+Ability to sporulate
-Endotoxin formation
-Ability to persist and multiply under anaerobic conditions with sufficient
humidity to infect
-Formation of exotoxin
?The main sources of infection with anthrax are:
+Farm Animals
-Wild animals
-Rodents
-Man
-Domestic and wild birds
?The maximum incubation period for anthrax is:
68
-2 days
-5 days
-7 days
-10 days
+14 days
?The skin form of anthrax in humans is characterized by:
-Soreness in the area of necrosis
-Absence of pain in the necrosis zone
-Discharge of pus
-No scab
+Puffiness
? The most affected populations with anthrax are:
-Preschool children
-School children
-Men 30-50 years old
+Adults handling animal raw materials
-Men and women of advanced age
?In the anthrax focus, persons exposed to the threat of infection from animals are
shown:
-Vaccination
-Emergency hospitalization
-Gammaglobulin prophylaxis
-Insulation
+Medical supervision for 2 weeks, emergency antibiotic prophylaxis
? Anti-epidemic measures carried out in the environment of a person with anthrax
include:
-Medical supervision of contact
-Emergency antibiotic prophylaxis
+Not provided
-Gammaglobulin prophylaxis
-Dissociation
?It is most advisable to vaccinate people:
-Upon contact with sick animals
+For preventive purposes in occupational risk groups
-With a preventive purpose to the entire population in the territory unfavorable
for anthrax
-Upon contact with a person with anthrax
-Upon contact with a sick animal and person
?The leading measures in the prevention of anthrax are:
+Reduction and elimination of diseases of farm animals
-Vaccination of people
-Control over imported raw materials
-Correct sowing
-Impact on the physical and chemical properties of soil
? Inhabited localities and pastures are considered to be unsafe for anthrax after
the detection
of sick animals during:
-One year
-Five years
-Ten years
-Twenty years
+Indefinitely
?The following measures help to limit the spread of HIV infection:
+harm reduction program
69
-drugs spreading
-availability of medical care
-complete isolation of HIV infected
-vaccination
?Pre-test and post-test counseling provides
-establishing behavioral status
+providing information about infection and HIV testing
-testing for antibodies to HIV
-support in coping with stress
-vaccination
? In the Republic of Tajikistan, the spread of HIV infection among risk groups is
characterized as an epidemic:
-low level
+concentrated
-generalized
-not classified
-dangerous
?The term "endemic" (endemic) is defined as:
+incidence of infectious diseases characteristic
for a given territory
-epidemic incidence in a separate territory
-sporadic morbidity in a separate area
-the incidence of infectious diseases
-imported cases
?Infectious diseases are called ubiquitous:
+globally distributed
-having interzonal distribution
-common in certain latitudinal zones
-common in certain natural areas
-common in certain groups
?The relevance of HIV infection is due to:
+pandemic spread of infection
-almost 100% mortality rate of patients without HART
-affection primarily of the elderly
-lack of treatment that can lead to the complete release of the infected body from
the virus
-increase information
? Socio-biological consequences of the spread of HIV infection:
+population decline
-decrease in mortality
-changing the age structure of the population
-depopulation
-life shortening
? The most severely affected regions of the world from HIV infection:
-Central America
-North America
+Sub-Saharan Africa
-Southeast Asia
-Eastern Europe and Central Asia
? Biological factors of the epidemic process are:
-pathogen
70
+biological specific host
-factors of the abiotic environment involved in the transmission of the pathogen
-climatic and geographical conditions,
-defeat of certain territories
? Large amounts of Human Immunodeficiency Virus can be found in:
-saliva
-vaginal secretions
-the secret of the sweat glands
+sperm
-urine
?The blood volume of an infected person containing an infectious dose of the human
immunodeficiency virus is:
-1.0 ml
-0.5 ml
-0.1 ml
-0.01 ml of blood
+0.001 ml blood
? Infection with the human immunodeficiency virus is possible with:
+breastfeeding
-of injection material
-sexual contact with a condom
-oral drug use
-handshakes
? The dominant HIV group in the current pandemic:
+O, M, N
-M, O, A
-A, M, H
-D, A, M
-A, O, M
?HIV infection is facilitated by:
+numerous homosexual and heterosexual relationships without a condom
-sex using a condom
-the presence of diseases
-sexual intercourse during menstruation using a condom
-drug use.
? Infection of medical personnel with HIV is possible when:
-medical procedures
+damage to the integrity of the skin by stabbing non-sterile medical instruments
-preparation of the oral cavity for prosthetics
-removal of tartar
-carrying out physiotherapeutic procedures (electrophoresis, etc.)
? The risk of infection from a single vaginal sexual contact with an HIV-infected
person is:
-0.1-1%
-five%
-ten%
-50%
+100%
?The likelihood of a recipient becoming infected with an HIV-infected blood
transfusion is:
-ten%
-50%
71
-75%
-80%
+~ 100%
?The likelihood of infection of medical personnel when injured with a needle
contaminated
with blood of an HIV-infected patient is:
-0.0001%
-1%
-10-15%
-25-50%
+100%.
? The likelihood of infection in children born to HIV-infected women in the absence
of
antiretroviral therapy during pregnancy is:
-ten%
-thirty%
-50%
-75%
+100%
? During the seronegative period of HIV infection, the provirus is determined using
the
polymerase chain reaction in:
-blood serum
+lymphocytes
-red blood cells
-immune complexes
-platelets
? Antibodies to HIV appear at the stage:
+incubation
-primary manifestations
-latent
-of secondary diseases
-terminal
? More often, the period of the seronegative window in HIV infection continues:
-up to 3 months
+up to 6 months
-up to 9 months
-1 year
-10 years
?Optimal terms of "quarantine" of blood components:
-one month
-3 months
+6 months
-12 months
-9 months
?The minimum periods for the appearance of antibodies after infection with the
human
immunodeficiency virus are:
-1 week
-3 weeks
-1 month
+3 months
-6 months
72
? Material for laboratory testing for HIV is:
-vaginal secret
+blood
-urine
-bile
-excreta
? The earliest symptom of HIV infection is:
-weight loss
+prolonged diarrhea
-generalized lymphadenopathy
-Kaposi's sarcoma
-mononucleosis-like syndrome
? When studying the behavior of the population associated with the risk of HIV
infection, it
is established:
-age at which first sexual intercourse occurred
-sexual contact with a condom
-sexual partner
-using condoms during sexual intercourse
+sharing of injecting equipment for drug injection
? AIDS symptoms after infection in patients without antiretroviral therapy appear
on average
after:
-1 month
-6 months
-1 year
+10 -12 years old
-15 years and more
?Research design is:
+type, study structure
-creating new forms of research
-the process of researching drug efficacy
-none of the answers are correct
-research efficiency
? Descriptive research includes:
-cohort study
+case series description
-case-control study
-experimental study
-descriptive method
? Analytical research includes:
-quality research
-case description
+case-control studies
-description of a series of cases
-series
?The most appropriate study design to study prognosis is:
-case description
-quality
+cohort study
-cross-sectional study
-prospective study
73
?The "gold standard" for the quality of research on the clinical efficacy of
treatment is:
-case-control study
+randomized controlled trial
-description of a series of cases
-cohort study
-analytical research
? Qualitative research is best suited to answer the question:
+about patient preferences
-about the diagnosis
-about etiology
-about the prognosis of the disease
-about treatment
? A controlled clinical trial is a study:
-supervised by an experienced researcher
-in which all patients are under control
+which compares the data obtained in the main and control groups
-all of the above answers are wrong
-control group
? Stage I of the research is:
-Data collection
-Data analysis, conclusions and suggestions
+Drawing up a program and research plan
-Processing collected data
-research plan
? Stage II of the study is:
+Data collection
-Data analysis, conclusions and suggestions
-Drawing up a program and research plan
-Processing the collected data
-research plan
? I I I stage of the research is:
-Data collection
+Data analysis, conclusions and suggestions
-Drawing up a program and research plan
-Processing collected data
-research plan
?I V stage of the research is:
-Data collection
-Data analysis, conclusions and suggestions
-Drawing up a program and research plan
+Processing of collected data
-research plan
? A systematic error is ...
-error due to a small or large number of study participants
+non-random, unidirectional deviation of research results from true values
-equal probability of overestimating or underestimating
-all answers are correct
-random error
? An accidental mistake is ...
-error due to a small or large number of study participants
74
-non-random, unidirectional deviation of research results from true values
+equally likely to be over or undervalued
-all answers are correct
-random error
? The main method of dealing with systematic errors is ...
-carrying out correct statistical data processing
+proper planning and conduct of research at all stages
-selective use of the received data
-all answers are wrong
-statistical data processing
?Clinical decision-making process in evidence-based medicine:
-independent of existing evidence
+includes 5 steps
-depends only on patient preference
-only used when looking for studies on the effectiveness of interventions
-searching studies on effectiveness
? The wording of the question is:
-an element of critical evaluation of information
-the second step of evidence-based medicine in clinical practice
+the first step of evidence-based medicine in clinical practice
-all answers are wrong
-formulation of the question
?To formulate a clinical question:
+uses the PICO formula
-search the Cochrane library
-it is enough to know only the patient's history data
-you must use a special computer program
-formulation of the question
? To search for information on a specific clinical question, you need to look for:
-randomized controlled trials only
-research in the Cochrane library
+specific design studies
-any information, regardless of study design
-clinical question
? To find information on the effectiveness of interventions, the first search is
carried out in:
+Cochrane Library
-PubMed (Medline)
-in printed sources
-in the Internet
-in books
?In the process of critical assessment of information, the following is assessed:
-time of research
-number of laboratory methods used
-financial expenses of researchers
+reliability and generalizability of information
-conducting research
? What is the main subject of epidemiology?
+incidence of any disease
-a sick man
-the incidence of infectious diseases
75
-population
? Does the epidemiological approach study human pathology at the level of life?
+population
-cellular
-embryonic
-organic
?Areas in epidemiology constituted by?
+incidence of infectious and noncommunicable diseases
-incidence of infectious diseases only
-population health
-prevention of health care-related infections
? The reason, in the absence of which the emergence and spread of the disease is
impossible?
+required
-additional
-indirect
-mediated
? Is the incidence rate synonymous?
+incidence
-prevalence
-prevalence
-visibility
?What is the indicator for assessing the risk of getting sick?
+incidents
-extensive
-visibility
-prevency
?What indicator is used to assess the risk of being ill?
+prevalence
-incidents
-extensive
-visibility
? Epidemiology of infectious and epidemiology of noncommunicable diseases?
+are sections of the same science
-epidemiology of non-infectious diseases, it is therapy
-epidemiology studies only infectious diseases
? Epidemiology studies ...
+epidemic process
-incidence of no communicable diseases
-any mass phenomena
-population health
? Epidemiology is the science that studies
+patterns of the epidemic process
-infectious process
-causative agents of infectious diseases
-population health
? The first signs of epidemics are set out in the writings
+Hippocrates
-Galena
-Theophrastus
-Aristotle
76
? The objectives of epidemiology include
+identifying the causes and spread of diseases
-development of various means of combating the spread of disease (for example,
vaccines,
serums, disinfectants, sterilization equipment, etc.)
-evaluation of the activities of medical institutions
? From the list, select the constituent parts of the epidemic process and the
conditions that
affect its development:
+sanitary condition of the territory;
-presence of sources of infection;
-age structure of the population;
-mechanism of transmission of the pathogen.
? Select possible sources of infection:
+rodents;
-sick people;
-malaria mosquitoes;
-cattle;
-dirty hands.
? The doctrine of the epidemic process includes three interrelated sections:
-factors (driving forces);
-structure;
-manifestations;
+all answers are not correct.
?The epidemic process consists of three links (structure):
-the source of the causative agent;
-transmission mechanism;
-susceptibility of the population;
+all answers are correct.
? The source of infection can be:
-human;
-animals;
-external environment;
+it depends on the form of the infectious process.
? The driving forces of the epidemic process are:
-biological factor;
-natural factor;
-social factor;
+all answers are correct.
? Epidemiology studies diseases at the level of organization of life
-organic;
+population;
-cellular;
-fabric.
? Infectious diseases are divided into anthroponoses, zoonoses and sapronoses on
the basis
of the following characteristic:
-source of infection;
-mechanism of transmission of infection;
+reservoir of infection.
? The transmission mechanism is
+an evolutionarily developed way of moving the pathogen, providing the parasite
with a
change in specific individual hosts necessary to maintain a biological species;
77
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another using transmission factors;
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another in the specific conditions
of the
epidemic situation using transmission factors or their combination;
? The natural hearth is
-community of biological objects;
-epizootic focus;
-territory in which zoonotic infections are constantly recorded
+a section of the territory of the geographical landscape with its characteristic
biocenosis,
among the individuals of which the causative agent of the disease circulates
stably.
? The main provisions of the doctrine of the epidemic process lv. Gromashevsky are
-phase development of the epidemic process;
+correspondence of the transmission mechanism of the main localization in the host
organism;
-inseparable connection between the source of infection, the transmission mechanism
and the
susceptible organism;
-human-independent circulation of the pathogen due to its biocenotic relationship
with
animals and living parasitic
-carriers;
-etiological selectivity of the main (primary) routes of transmission of the
infectious agent,
depending on its biological properties.
? The main provisions of the theory of internal regulation of the epidemic process
of v.d.
belyakov are
+physic development of the epidemic process;
-the regulating role of natural and social conditions;
-interdependent variability of the properties of the population of the pathogen and
the host;
-genotypic and phenotypic heterogeneity of the pathogen population and the host;
-inseparable link between the source of infection, the transmission mechanism and
the
susceptible organism.
? The main thesis of the theory of natural focality of E.N. Pavlovsky is:
-phase development of the epidemic process;
-the regulating role of natural and social conditions;
-correspondence of the transmission mechanism to the main localization in the host
organism;
+human-independent circulation of the infectious agent due to its biocenotic
relationship
with animals and living parasitic
-carriers;
-etiological selectivity of the main (primary) routes of transmission of the
infectious agent,
depending on its biological properties.
? The reason, in the absence of which, is impossible for the emergence and (or)
spread of the
disease.
-additional
+required
-combined
-sufficient
? The specific weight (share) of those cases of the disease from the total number
that could
have been prevented in the absence of the influence of the risk factor.
-defeat
+etiological share
-prevalence
-causality
78
?Causality is....
+an event that determines the occurrence of the next event similar to the previous
one
under certain conditions
-the phenomenon that determines the occurrence and spread of the disease
-development factor
-the proportion of cases of diseases
? The concept of causality, according to which each disease has one cause, and a
separate
cause causes one disease;
+monocausal
-plural
-combined
-specificity
? Model of simplified representations of causal relationships of factors and
disease:
-gromashevsky
+rotman
-pavlovskaya
-dnetrevskaya
? The term used to designate factors associated with the risk of developing a
disease, but
insufficient to cause it:
-risk
-efficiency
+factor
-reason
? A prerequisite for a causal relationship:
-effect always precedes cause
-causation is only unidirectional
+cause always precedes effect
-several studies give different results
? The complex of those reasons in the presence of which the emergence and (or)
spread of
the disease inevitably occurs:
-interfering factor
+reason enough
-component reason
-combined factor
? The manifestation of the epidemic process is
+sporadic incidence of dysentery in the community
-carriage of Lefler's corynebacterium in a kindergarten employee
-Carriage of Salmonella Ebert from a grocery store seller
-identifying ascariasis in a child from kindergarten
? The term "sporadic morbidity" means
+single, unrelated human diseases with an infectious disease
-outbreak of bacterial dysentery in kindergarten
-disease of people with a disease unusual for the given territory
-group diseases of people with an infectious disease
? The epidemic process is considered as "sporadic morbidity", "outbreak",
"epidemic"
depending on
+number of sick people
-the severity of the disease
-carrier formation frequency
-frequency of disease complications
79
? The manifestation of the epidemic process includes
+detection of Shigella Zonne bacterial carriers in 2 kitchen workers
-outbreak of tularemia among rodents
-detecting rabies in pets
-revelation of a high "gnawing" among livestock
? In what cases can we talk about the epidemic process
+with isolated diseases of the inhabitants of the region Crimean hemorrhagic fever
-when detecting malaria plasmodia in mosquitoes
-upon detection of the causative agent of cholera in the reservoir
-with the development of acute hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with viral
hepatitis
? Zoonotic infections include diseases for which the reservoir of the pathogen is
+wild and / or domestic animals
-human
-environmental objects
-human and animals
? Zootoxic infections are classified into a separate group based on
+ecological classification by reservoir of infection
-classification by the mechanism of transmission of the pathogen
-classification of diseases by etiology
-data on susceptibility to infection
? The source of infection in zoonotic infections can be
+animals and humans
-only wild animals
-pets only
-animal food
? The epidemic process is
+the spread of infectious diseases among humans
-the spread of infectious diseases among aquatic organisms
-identifying cases of rabies in stray dogs
-the spread of infectious diseases among animals
? Who is the source of the causative agent of infection
+living infected human or animal organism
-body louse with typhus
-any environment (water, land) in which the pathogen is found
-mosquitoes for malaria
? Who is the source of the causative agent of infection in anthroponoses
+sick people and carriers
-only sick people
-infected lice, ticks and mosquitoes
-sick animals
? Potential source of the causative agent of infection are
+bacteria carriers
-infected ticks
-duck eggs for salmonellosis
-dairy products for salmonellosis
? Do not belong to zoonoses
+dysentery
-brucellosis
-anthrax
-salmonellosis
80
? Who is not a source of infection for humans
+mosquitoes
-wild animals
-synanthropic rodents
-birds
? Sapronoses include diseases in which
+the pathogen can multiply in water, soil or on the surface of some objects
-the causative agent is capable of forming spores
-the source of the causative agent is not identified
-the source of the causative agent of the infection is synanthropic rodents
? What is the name of a group of diseases caused by specific pathogens?
-onological diseases;
-colds;
-allergic diseases;
+infectious disease.
? What group of infectious diseases are dysentery, cholera, typhoid fever?
+anthroponoses;
-zoonoses;
-sapronoses;
-do not belong to infectious diseases.
? To what group of infectious diseases do tularimia and brucellosis belong?
-anthroponosis;
+zoonoses;
-sapronoses;
-zoosapronosis.
? Tick-borne viral encephalitis in terms of prevalence in the Orenburg region
refers to:
+endemic diseases;
-epidemic diseases;
-flash;
-sporadic morbidity.
? Which of the criteria for an infectious process allows you to identify the
presence of
microorganisms that can cause an infectious process?
+etiological criterion;
-epidemiological criterion;
-clinical criterion;
-immunological criterion.
? Which of the criteria of the infectious process is characterized by frequency,
staging and
cyclical course, in contrast to general somatic diseases?
-etiological criterion;
+epidemiological criterion;
-clinical criterion;
-immunological criterion.
? Who proposed the classification of infectious diseases by the mechanism of
transmission?
+L.V. Gromashevsky;
-IN AND. Pokrovsky;
-V.D.Belyakov;
-B. L. Cherkassky.
? The main mechanism of infection in intestinal infections
+airborne;
-fecal -oral;
81
-parenteral;
-air -dusty.
? The incidence rate sharply exceeding the level of sporadic morbidity:
-pandemic;
-endemic;
+epidemic;
-quarantine infections.
? The relative incidence of this nosological form in a given geographical area:
+pandemic;
-endemic;
-epidemic;
-quarantine infections.
? The mechanism of transmission in vector-borne infections:
-aerogenic;
+blood;
-fecal-oral;
-pin.
? infectious diseases, the reservoir of the causative agent of which is the soil:
-tularemia;
+tetanus;
-chickenpox;
-cholera.
?Infectious diseases, the reservoir of the causative agent of which is water:
-tetanus;
+cholera;
-brucellosis;
-rabies.
?Infectious diseases, the reservoir of the causative agent of which are wild
animals:
+tularemia;
-cholera;
-brucellosis;
-rabies.
? Infectious diseases, the reservoir of the pathogen of which are pets:
-tularemia;
+tetanus;
-brucellosis;
-rabies.
? Mandatory preliminary medical examinations for those who are employed at an
enterprise
with harmful working conditions are carried out in order to
+prevention of occupational diseases
-preventing respiratory diseases
-achieving high labor productivity
-detecting tuberculosis
? For emergency prevention of borreliosis after tick sucking use
+antibiotics
-immunoglobulin
-vaccine
-inferon inducers
82
? In accordance with the International Health Regulations (2005) and the national
surveillance system, vaccination of people traveling abroad is carried out
+in a planned manner only in cases of prevention of yellow fever when traveling to
countries that are unfavorable for this infection
-as recommended by the World Health Organization
-contact persons for epidemic indications
-in accordance with the National Epidemic Indications Vaccination Calendar
? Primary prevention of HIV infection consists of
+formation of a responsible attitude to health, informing the population about
HIV / AIDS
prevention
-active identification of HIV-infected people among a conventionally healthy
population and
the provision of medical, social, psychological assistance
-dispensary observation of HIV-infected
-treating HIV patients
? Tertiary prevention of HIV infection consists of
+treatment of secondary, opportunistic diseases in the advanced stages of HIV /
AIDS
-training members of marginalized groups to prevent HIV infection
-testing for HIV conditionally healthy people at risk
-teaching adolescents about safe sexual behavior
?The primary prevention of occupational diseases include
+disease prevention
-prevention of deterioration in health, treatment and rehabilitation
-early diagnosis of disease in individuals who have already been exposed or have
risk factors
-determination of the degree of disability and (or) disability group of
occupational disease,
their need for additional types of assistance
? Secondary prevention of occupational diseases includes
+early diagnosis of disease in individuals who have already been exposed or have
risk
factors
-prevention of deterioration in health, treatment and rehabilitation
-prevention of diseases
-determination of the degree of disability and (or) disability group of
occupational disease,
their need for additional types of assistance
?Tertiary prevention of occupational diseases includes
+prevention of deterioration in health, treatment and rehabilitation
-prevention of diseases
-early diagnosis of diseases in individuals who have already been exposed or have
risk
factors.
-determination of the degree of disability and (or) disability group of
occupational disease,
their need for additional types of assistance
? Immunoprophylaxis of infectious diseases is
+a system of measures carried out in order to prevent, limit the spread and
eliminate
infectious diseases through preventive vaccinations.
-a set of measures aimed at ensuring a high level of people's health, their
creative longevity,
eliminating the causes of diseases, incl. improvement of working conditions, life
and
recreation of the population, environmental protection.
-system of measures carried out in order to prevent, eliminate infectious diseases
through
preventive vaccinations.
-There is no right answer
? What are the indicators for evaluating the effectiveness of immunization:
-Indicator of immunization
83
-The level of organization of vaccination work;
-% vaccination coverage
+That's right
? Who is responsible for issuing vaccination certificates.
+Vaccination Room Nurse
-Head of health care facility
-Pharmacist
-Senior nurse of the unit
? The quality of immunization is ...
+compliance with accepted standards for immunization.
-defined as the ability to activate lymphocytes specific to the antigens of an
infectious agent,
causing them to multiply and mature into cells of immunological memory
-assessment of the possible state of population immunity
-no correct answer
? Criteria used as the basis for assessing the quality of immunization
-vaccine coverage
-vocation
-timeliness indicator
+everything is correct
? Timeliness of vaccination -
+gives an assessment of compliance with the vaccination schedule (frequency of
implementation and maintenance of the regulated intervals between vaccinations).
-allows you to indirectly assess the possible state of population immunity and does
not
answer the main question -"does vaccination help people?"
-gives a quantitative characteristic of the implementation of the vaccination plan,
indirectly
can serve as a sign of the validity and reliability of the plan.
-no correct answer
? The effectiveness of immunoprophylaxis is -
-is the achievement of the result of immunoprophylaxis, which is defined as real
and
potential.
-Compliance with accepted standards for immunization.
-serve as objective criteria for the protection of the team from an infectious
disease
+no correct answer
? Killed vaccines include:
+cholera vaccine
-flu vaccine
-diphtheria toxoid
-measles vaccine-mumps-rubella
? For used MIBPs of domestic production, the following documentation must be
available:
+certificate of production of MIBP installed
-licenses for the right to manufacture and sell MIBP (copies) or licenses for p?
harmaceutical
activities.
-Passports of the biotechnological control department of the manufacturer for the
MIBP
series being sold;
-everything is correct
? The national immunization schedule is -
-a regulatory legal act establishing the terms and procedure for carrying out
preventive
vaccinations for citizens according to epidemic indications
-a document in which prophylactic vaccinations of a citizen are registered.
-no correct answer
84
+a normative legal act establishing the terms and procedure for carrying out
preventive
vaccinations to citizens.
? Infections primarily controlled by immunoprophylaxis
+anthroponosis with aerosol transmission mechanism;
-anthroponosis with fecal-oral transmission mechanism;
-anthroponosis with transmission gear;
-anthroponosis with contact transmission mechanism.
? Prophylactic vaccinations are carried out with the aim of creating:
+active specific immunity;
-passive specific immunity;
-nonspecific immunity;
-innate immunity.
? Active specific immunity is created with the introduction of:
+immunoglobulin;
-toxoid;
-vaccines;
-serum.
? Passive specific immunity is created with the introduction of:
+vaccines;
-immunoglobulin;
-toxoid;
-serum.
? Sanitary-hygienic and anti-epidemic measures are carried out in order to:
+timely provision of honey to the population. help;
-distribution of the affected into groups of need for isolation and sanitation;
-preserving and strengthening the health of the population, as well as the
prevention of
infectious diseases and the elimination of epidemic foci;
-prevention of the emergence and spread of infections. diseases among the
population.
? Anti-epidemic measures are:
+a body of scientific knowledge ensuring the prevention of infectious diseases
among
certain groups of the population, reducing the incidence of the total population
and the
elimination of individual infections;
-a set of actions justified at this stage of development of science, ensuring the
prevention of
infectious diseases among certain groups of the population, reducing the incidence
of the total
population and eliminating individual infections;
-a set of actions justified at this stage of the development of science, ensuring
the prevention
of infectious diseases among certain groups of the population;
-a set of actions justified at this stage of the development of science, ensuring
the elimination
of individual infections.
? Preventive measures:
+prevent the formation of epidemic variants of the pathogen;
-prevent the formation of conditionally pathogenic microflora of flora;
-prevent the formation of pathogenic microflora flora;
-prevent the spread of epidemic variants of the pathogen.
? What is the anti-epidemic activity:
+in the organization and conduct of anti-epidemic measures and sanitary
supervision;
-in the organization of social and hygienic monitoring;
-in organizing public information on measures to prevent infectious diseases:
-in managing the work of the medical service in carrying out anti-epidemic
measures.
85
? Evidence-based medicine is:
+a branch of medicine based on evidence, involving the search, comparison,
synthesis and
wide distribution of the obtained evidence for use in the interests of patients.
-section of biostatistics, intended for mathematical processing of data obtained in
experimental studies
-intervention based on intuition or conventional wisdom
-compilation and dissemination of the obtained data for use in the interests of
patients
? The clear use of the best available evidence in making decisions about the care
of specific
patients, this is one of the definitions of the concept:
-biometrics
+evidence-based medicine
-clinical epidemiology
-medical statistics
? The group of methods of medical statistics includes:
+comparative statistics
-evidentiary statistics
-health statistics
-math statistics
? The collection of data can be:
-optimization
-static and dynamic
-constructive and deconstructive
+passive and active
? From the point of view of evidence-based medicine, a doctor decides on the choice
of a
treatment method based on:
-information from the Internet
-of colleagues' experience
+articles from a peer-reviewed journal with a high citation index
-articles from unknown source
? One of the prerequisites for the emergence of evidence-based medicine was:
+limited financial resources for health
-the emergence of new medical specialties
-improving research methods
-development of mathematical statistics
? The possibility of event realization is:
-experiment
-case diagram
-regularity
+probability
? Representativeness is:
+sufficient size of the general population
-sufficient sample size
-difference between the sample population and the general population
-the ability of the sample to most fully represent the general
? Student's criterion is based on comparison:
+frequencies of the studied trait in the variation series
-of sample means
-number of observations of samples
-of sample variances
86
? The correlation coefficient is measured in:
-percentage
-the same units as the studied trait
-ppm
+has no units
? To obtain the most reliable information about the risk factors for the
development of
diseases, it is necessary to organize a study
+cohort
-case-control
-observational
-transverse
? Evaluation of hypotheses about the existence of a relationship between the factor
under
study and morbidity is the ultimate goal
+analytical epidemiological studies
-descriptive epidemiological studies
-clinical trials
-field test
? When studying the effect of any factor on morbidity, the ultimate goal of
experimental
epidemiological studies is
+confirmation or refutation of the causal nature of the relationship between the
studied
factor and health
-hypotheses about the factors that determine the presence of identified groups,
territories and
time of risk (risk factors)
-conclusion on the presence or absence of a statistical relationship between the
studied factor
and health
-assessment of medical, social and economic consequences of the factor's impact on
public
health
? The prevalence (prevalence) indicator is calculated by statistical processing of
research
results
+cross
-cohort
-"Case-control"
-any epidemiological
? Based on the results of analytical studies, it can be concluded about the
negative impact of
the studied factor on health if the value of the relative risk for the group of
people exposed to
the factor is statistically significant
+more than 1
-less than 1
-does not differ from 1
-greater than 0
? The value of the relative risk in the cohort study is statistically significant
(significantly)
greater than 1 and indicates
+the possibility of a harmful influence of the factor
-the possibility of the protective influence of the factor
-lack of relationship between the factor and the onset of the disease
-mistakes made when forming the sample
? The value of the relative risk in the cohort study is statistically significant
(significantly)
less than 1 and indicates
+the possibility of a protective factor influence
-the possibility of the harmful influence of the factor
87
-lack of relationship between the factor and the onset of the disease
-mistakes made when forming the sample
? The probability of an event, converted into a quantitative value, is -
+risk
-factor
-chance
-odds ratio
? The value that characterizes the frequency with which infection can occur,
determines the
proportion of the total number of occurrence of the event, this is -
+disease risk
-factor
-chance
-odds ratio
? The term "epidemiological risk", according to B. N. Cherkassky
+the possibility and / or likelihood of a complication of the epidemic situation.
-conditions associated with the likelihood of infection
-the value that characterizes the frequency with which an infection can occur,
determines the
proportion of the total number of events
-the probability of an event converted to a quantitative value
? Who gave the definition of the term epidemiological risk?
+Cherkassky
-Pokrovsky
-Pavlovsky
-Belyakov
? Conditions that are associated with the likelihood of infection or the
development of
diseases, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of risk are -
+risk factor
-the risk of disease
-chance
-odds ratio
? choose an indicator that shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a
group
subject to a risk factor is more likely to get sick in a group not subject to a
risk factor
+odds ratio
-etiological share
-attributive risk
-relative risk
? Choose an indicator that determines the amount of excess morbidity under the
influence of
a specific factor
+attributive risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
-relative risk
? Choose an indicator that shows how much the number of cases increases under the
influence of the studied risk factor
+attributive risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
-relative risk
88
? Choose an indicator that assesses the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon
under
the influence of the studied risk factor
+absolute risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
-relative risk
? A quantitative assessment of the strength of the relationship between the risk
factor for the
development of the disease reflects
+relative risk
-absolute risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
? Shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
+relative risk
-absolute risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
? Absolute Risk
+reflects the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon under the influence of the
studied
risk factor
-shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
-shows how much the number of cases increases when exposed to the studied risk
factor
-shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a group subject to a risk
factor is more
likely to get sick in a group not subject to a risk factor.
? Relative risk
+shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
-reflects the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon under the influence of the
studied
risk factor
-shows how much the number of cases increases when exposed to the studied risk
factor
-shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a group subject to a risk
factor is more
likely to get sick in a group not subject to a risk factor
? Attributive risk
+shows how much the number of cases increases when exposed to the studied risk
factor
-reflects the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon under the influence of the
studied
risk factor
-shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
-shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a group subject to a risk
factor is more
likely to get sick in a group not subject to a risk factor
? Odds Ratio
+shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a group subject to a risk
factor is
more likely to get sick in a group not subject to a risk factor
-reflects the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon under the influence of the
studied
risk factor
-shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
-shows how much the number of cases increases when exposed to the studied risk
factor
89
? The main purpose of epidemiological surveillance is:
+Prevention of the occurrence of infectious diseases
-Development of measures adequate to the epidemiological situation and the choice
of the
main direction of their implementation
-Assessment of the socio-economic significance of infections
-Identifying high-risk populations
? Surveillance is ...
+system for detecting the spread of infectious diseases among the population
-activities to prevent, detect, suppress violations of the legislation of the
Russian Federation
in the field of ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the
population in order
to protect the health of the population and the environment.
-activities of specially authorized bodies in order to check and monitor compliance
with the
law, established rules, norms and standards.
-is a system of constant dynamic control and multidimensional monitoring of the
epidemiological process of a specific infectious disease in a certain area for a
certain period of
time in order to increase the effectiveness of preventive measures.
? The methodological basis is
-retrospective and operational epidemiological analysis
-epid examination of the outbreak
+incidence measurement
-investigation of epidemic outbreaks
? Identification of risk groups, risk areas, risk time is the ultimate goal:
-analytical epidemiological research
-clinical trials
-field test
+descriptive epidemiological studies
? Descriptive epidemiological studies suggest:
+study of the peculiarities of the distribution of morbidity over time, by
territory and in
population groups
-evaluating working hypotheses about risk factors
-quantifying the causes affecting the occurrence and spread of diseases
-the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic effects
?The main stages of the epidemiological study:
+preparatory and collection of information, and its primary processing
-planning anti-epidemic measures
-making a working hypothesis
-research organization
? The preparatory stage of the epidemiological study, in particular, includes:
+making a working hypothesis
-drawing up a program of anti-epidemic measures
-drawing up a treatment plan
-collection of information and its primary processing
?The purpose of individual epidemiological studies may be:
-description of incidence
-the effectiveness of preventive and therapeutic agents
+identification of risk factors for the spread of the disease
-planning anti-epidemic measures.
? Observational epidemiological studies differ from experimental ones in that:
-study and control groups can be different in size
-observational studies are only cohort
90
-observational studies are only prospective
+observational studies do not involve interference with the natural course of
events
?Synonyms for the term "epidemiological research" are:
-outbreak investigation
+epidemiological diagnostics
-epidemiological history
-examination of epidemic foci
? Case-control epidemiological research is characterized by:
-low probability of getting erroneous results, because it is possible to create a
representative
sample of "experimental" and "control" groups
-the ability to obtain reliable conclusions from a small sample
-relatively low costs
+the ability to study the impact of multiple risk factors in one study
?Advantages of classic cohort epidemiological studies over case-control studies:
+high probability of getting reliable results
-the ability to get rough conclusions on a small sample
-relatively low costs
-relatively short research time
? A retrospective epidemiological analysis allows:
-identify the causes and conditions of the spread of the epidemic process
o currently;
+identify the reasons for the spread of the epidemic process during
o several years;
-to identify the conditions for the spread of the epidemic process during
o several years;
-to identify the features of infectious diseases;
? Epidemiological diagnostics is:
-a method to determine the source of the pathogen and transmission factors
-a set of techniques to identify the causes of an outbreak
-a set of statistical techniques to determine the intensity of the epidemiological
process
+a set of techniques and methods designed to recognize the signs (manifestations)
of the
epidemiological process, the causes and conditions of its development
? The general scientific method of epidemiological research is divided into:
+observational and experimental
-descriptive and analytical
-cohort and case-control
-clinical trials and field trials
? The relationship between the studied factor and morbidity is the ultimate goal:
-descriptive epidemiological studies
+analytical epidemiological studies
-field test
-clinical trials
? When statistically processing the results of case-control studies, what is the
indicator
calculated?
-attributive risk
-relative risk
-reducing the relative risk
+odds ratios
91
? Randomized controlled trials distribute:
-of participants per main and control groups, depending on the presence or absence
of a risk
factor
-of participants into groups of investigated intervention and control, depending on
their
desire
+pre-selected participants randomly into study intervention and control groups
-into the main group of sick people, and the control group of healthy
? Research carried out in the general population (population) is called ...
+solid
-selective
-scientific (special)
-routine
? Studies that are designed to draw conclusions about the characteristics of the
studied
phenomenon in the entire population when studying the incidence of a relatively
small part of
the population -a sample -are called ...
+selective
-solid
-scientific (special)
-routine
? What ensures the implementation of the principle of randomization?
+all of the above
-mechanical selection.
-typological (typical) sample.
-serial (nested) selection.
? A study in which a certain cohort of persons is traced over a certain period of
time in order
to find out what will happen to them in the future is called
+cohort
-solid
-scientific (special)
-routine
? Research that does not involve interference with the natural process of the onset
and spread
of diseases is called
+observant
-descriptive
-experimental
-routine
? A study that provides for a controlled and reproducible intervention in the
natural
development of a disease in order to identify its causes is called
+experimental
-descriptive
-experimental
-routine
? Studies that are carried out to obtain information on the incidence of a disease
in the
population for a limited period of time are called
+instant (cross)
-descriptive
-experimental
-routinely
92
? A study that involves the systematic study of information on the incidence of the
same
population group is called
+dynamic (longitudinal)
-routine
-experimental
-descriptive
? Research, which is used only to designate, conducted in the clinic, experiments
to assess
the potential effectiveness of medicinal products, diagnostic methods, treatment
regimens for
patients, is called
+clinical
-routine
-experimental
-descriptive
? Research carried out outside medical institutions is called
+outfield
-clinical
-routine
-experimental
? The list of data given in a specific system and spaced out by columns (columns
and rows)
is -
+table
-schedule
-picture
-scheme
? Does not apply to types of tables
+combinatorial
-simple tables
-group tables
-tables with two variables
? It does not belong to the types of diagrams.
+combinatorial
-columnar
-circular (sector)
-cartograms
? How many types of scales are used in the construction of line charts?
+3
-2
-four
-five
? What kind of diagrams is used to study the structure of different distributions
of morbidity?
+circular
-linear
-columnar
-cartograms
? They are used to depict a feature in the form of a flat or volumetric column.
+columnar
-circular
-linear
-cartograms
93
? The true dimensions of the studied phenomena outside the connection with the
environment reflect:
-relative values
-averages
+absolute values
-statistical quantities
? The relative value is not
-intensive performance
-extensive indicators
+arithmetic mean
-visibility indicators
? The frequency (level) of the phenomenon in the environment that produces it
reflects
-extensive indicator
+intensive rate
-visibility indicator
-ratio indicator
? The structure of the phenomenon can be characterized by
+extensive indicators
-intensive indicators
-visibility indicators
-ratio indicators
? The frequency of propagation of a phenomenon in an environment that does not
produce it
(the ratio between two independent phenomena) is characterized by
-extensive indicators
-intensive performance
-visibility indicators
+ratio indicators
? How many percent or how many times more or less one value relative to another
characterize
-extensive indicators
-intensive performance
+visibility metrics
-ratio indicators
? The ratio of the absolute growth to the previous level, expressed as a
percentage, shows
-absolute gain
-growth rate
+growth rate
-value of 1% gain
? The ratio of the next level to the previous level, expressed as a percentage,
shows
-absolute gain
+growth rate
-growth rate
-value of 1% gain
? The ratio of the absolute growth to the growth rate shows
-absolute gain 2
-growth rate
-growth rate
+value of 1% gain
? For most studies, the value of t is sufficient
+t = 2
94
-t = 3
-t = 1 4
-t = 0.5
? Absolute growth is an indicator that determines
-The ratio of the next level to the previous
-The ratio of the absolute growth to the previous level, expressed as a percentage
+The difference between the levels of this year and the previous
-The ratio of absolute growth to growth rate
-Difference between absolute gain and absolute loss
? Growth rate is an indicator that determines
+The ratio of the next level to the previous level, expressed as a percentage
-The ratio of the absolute growth to the previous level, expressed as a percentage
-The difference between the levels of this year and the previous
-The ratio of absolute growth to growth rate
? Growth rate is an indicator that determines:
-The ratio of the next level to the previous
+The ratio of the absolute growth to the previous level, expressed as a percentage
-The difference between the levels of this year and the previous
-The ratio of absolute growth to growth rate
? For the graphic representation of extensive indicators, the following type of
diagrams is
mainly used:
-Sector
+Linear
-Columnar
-Radial
? According to the applied general scientific method, epidemiological studies are
divided
into -
...
+observational and experimental
-descriptive and analytical
-cohort and case-control
-clinical trials and field trials
? Identification of risk groups, areas of risk, time of risk and identification of
prevention
problems is the ultimate goal
+descriptive epidemiological studies
-analytical epidemiological research
-clinical trials
-field test
? Evaluation of hypotheses about the existence of a relationship between the factor
under
study and morbidity is the ultimate goal
+analytical epidemiological studies
-descriptive epidemiological studies
-clinical trials
-field test
? Descriptive epidemiological studies suggest
+study of the peculiarities of the distribution of morbidity over time, by
territory and in
population groups
-evaluating hypotheses about risk factors
-quantitative assessment of the action of the causes influencing the occurrence and
spread of
diseases
-evaluation of the effectiveness of therapeutic and prophylactic effects
95
? Based on the results of analytical studies, it can be concluded that the studied
factor has a
negative impact on health if the value of the relative risk for the group of people
exposed to
the factor is statistically significant
+more than 1
-less than 1
-does not differ from 1
-greater than 0
? To obtain the most reliable information about the risk factors for the
development of
diseases, it is necessary to organize a study
+cohort
-case-control
-observational
-transverse
? Evaluation of hypotheses about the existence of a relationship between the
studied factor
and the incidence is the ultimate goal
+analytical epidemiological studies
-descriptive epidemiological studies
-clinical trials
-field test
? The indicator of incidence (morbidity) is calculated by statistical processing of
research
results
+cohort
-"Case-control"
-transverse
-any epidemiological
? When statistically processing the results of case-control studies, the indicator
is calculated
+odds ratios
-relative risk
-attributive risk
-reducing the relative risk
? According to the results of analytical studies, it can be concluded about the
negative
impact of the studied factor on health if the value of the relative risk for the
group of people
exposed to the factor is statistically significant
+more than 1
-less than 1
-does not differ from 1
-greater than 0
? What is the advantage of classical cohort epidemiological studies over case-
control
studies?
+high probability of getting reliable results
-the opportunity to study rare diseases
-relatively low costs
-relatively short research time
? What is the advantage of case-control epidemiological studies compared to cohort
studies?
+relatively low costs
-low probability of getting erroneous results
-the ability to obtain reliable conclusions from a small sample
-the ability to study rare risk factors
96
? Calculation of the etiological share allows you to determine
+the proportion of cases of the disease associated with the influence of a specific
risk
factor
-the number of people who become ill due to the influence of a particular risk
factor
-the proportion of cases of the disease that cannot be prevented
-the risk of getting sick associated with exposure to a specific risk factor
? The value of the relative risk in the cohort study is statistically significant
(significantly)
greater than 1 and indicates:
+the possibility of a harmful influence of the factor
-the possibility of the protective influence of the factor
-lack of relationship between the factor and the onset of the disease
-mistakes made when forming the sample
? The value of the relative risk in a cohort study is statistically significant
(significantly) less
than 1 and indicates:
+the possibility of a protective factor influence
-the possibility of the harmful influence of the factor
-lack of relationship between the factor and the onset of the disease
-mistakes made when forming the sample
? Group a in a cohort study is
+patients who were affected by the risk factor
-healthy who were also affected by a risk factor
-cases from the control group
-healthy people from the control group
? Group c in a cohort study is
+patients from the control group
-the patients who were affected by the risk factor
-healthy who were also affected by a risk factor
-healthy people from the control group
? Group d in a cohort study is
+healthy people from the control group
-the patients who were affected by the risk factor
-healthy who were also affected by a risk factor
-cases from the control group
? Choose an indicator that determines the amount of excess morbidity under the
influence of
a specific factor
+attributive risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
-relative risk
? Choose an indicator that shows how much the number of cases increases under the
influence of the studied risk factor
+attributive risk
-odds ratio
-etiological share
-relative risk
? In the interpretation of cohort studies, all indicators are used except
+odds ratio
-relative risk
-attributive risk
-etiological share
97
? In the interpretation of case-control studies, the indicator is used
+odds ratio
-relative risk
-attributive risk
-absolute risk
? What does the value OR = 1 mean?
+indicates the absence of a causal relationship between the studied factor and the
disease
-indicates the possible protective properties of the studied factor
-indicates a possible connection between the disease and the detrimental effect of
the factor
under study
-not statistically significant
? What does the value OR <1 mean?
+indicates the possible protective properties of the studied factor
-indicates the absence of a causal relationship between the studied factor and the
disease
-indicates a possible connection between the disease and the detrimental effect of
the factor
under study
-is not statistically significant.
? What does the value OR> 1 mean?
+indicates a possible connection between the disease and the detrimental effect of
the
factor under study
-indicates the absence of a causal relationship between the studied factor and the
disease
-indicates the possible protective properties of the studied factor
-not statistically significant
? What is the formula for calculating attributive risk?
+AR = (a / (a +b)) -(c / (c +d))
-EF = (RR-1) / RR * 100%
-RR = (a / (a +b)) / (c / (c +d))
-RF += a / (a +b)
? Absolute Risk
+reflects the frequency of occurrence of the phenomenon under the influence of the
studied
risk factor
-shows how many times the likelihood of a disease increases when exposed to the
studied
risk factor
-shows how much the number of cases increases when exposed to the studied risk
factor
-shows how many times the chance of getting sick in a group subject to a risk
factor is more
likely to get sick in a group not subject to a risk factor
? For the annual dynamics of the incidence of typhoid fever
(not taking into account individual territories and years) the most typical ...
-summer-autumnal seasonality
-autumn seasonality
+uniform distribution of incidence by month
-winter seasonality
-spring-summer seasonality
?To the most common manifestations of the epidemic process
with food outbreaks of typhoid fever include ...
-territorial "attachment" of cases of diseases to the food object
-the occurrence of outbreaks is possible only in endemic areas
-rise in the incidence of other acute diseases in the period preceding the outbreak
of typhoid
fever
+the duration of an outbreak does not exceed one maximum incubation period
98
-all of the above
?Laboratory methods for early detection of typhoid fever patients include ...
-bacteriological examination of feces
-bacteriological examination of urine
-reaction of indirect (passive) hemagglutination
+blood test for blood culture
-complement binding reaction
?A patient with typhoid fever is maximally contagious in ...
-end of incubation
-the first days of illness
-reconvalescence period
+end of the second and beginning of the third week of illness
-at the end of the first week of illness
? The mechanism of transmission of typhoid fever ...
-vertical
+fecal-oral
-aerosol
-transmission
-artofficial
Different incidence rates of typhoid fever in different territories are primarily
determined by ..
-differences in virulence of S. typhi strains circulating in these territories
-differences in the set of S. typhi phage types typical for certain territories
-differences in the age structure of the population
-differences in population density of territories
+differences in the degree of sanitary and communal improvement
? Sources of infection in typhoid fever ...
+sick person (carrier)
-water
-small ruminants
-cattle
-fish
?Hospitalization of patients with typhoid fever ...
+all patients are hospitalized
-patients with mild forms can be isolated at home
-only persons of the maternity group are hospitalized
-children under one year old are hospitalized
-only children under 14 years of age are hospitalized on a compulsory basis.
? What genus can be attributed to the causative agent of typhoid fever ...
-shigella
-Escherichia
-legionella
-picornoviruses
+salmonella
? In what percentage of cases is a chronic carrier of typhoid fever formed ...
-one%
-2-3%
-8-10%
+3-5%
-80-85%
99
?In case of pollution of a reservoir in a settlement with sewage, an outbreak of
what
infectious disease may occur ...
-brucellosis
-scarlet fever
+typhoid fever
-anthrax
-tularemia
? Epidemiological surveillance is carried out in the typhoid outbreak ...
-45 days
-35 days
+21 day
-7 days
-14 days
? Anti-epidemic measures are not taken in the typhoid outbreak ...
-monitoring contacts for 3 weeks
-single bacteriological examination of stool in contact persons
+hospitalization of contact
-daily thermometry of contact
-phaging of all contact persons
?Type of immunity after suffering typhoid fever ...
-antibacterial short-lived
+antibacterial long lasting
-short-term antitoxic
-anti-toxic long-term
-specific
? For the timely detection of patients with diphtheria, the local doctor
(therapist, pediatrician) should carry out the following activities ...
+clinical examination of patients seeking medical help
-bacteriological examination of patients with sore throats with overlays
-active monitoring of those in contact with patients with influenza
-study of the blood of patients suspected of diphtheria, using RNGA to determine
the titer.
-bacteriological examination of all those who applied for medical help
?Laboratory tests are prescribed for contact with a viral hepatitis A patient ...
-coprogram
-swab from throat and nose
+determination of ALT activity in blood
-general blood analysis.
-feces for "eggs worm"
? Reconvalescents of viral hepatitis A with biochemical abnormalities, complaints
have
been observed in KIZ during ...
-1st month
+3 months
-2 months
-6 months
-12 months
? It is advisable to carry out immunoglobulin prophylaxis in epidemic foci of viral
hepatitis
A ...
-in the event of one case of HAV disease
-if multiple cases of HAV occur
-in a certain period of the year
100
+depending on the level of morbidity in a given territory and the intensity of
epidemic foci
in children's groups
-to all persons
? The measures carried out in relation to all persons who have come into contact
with a
patient with typhoid fever include ...
+bacteriological examination of feces
-bacteriological blood test
-bacteriological examination of bile
-sanitary treatment
-bacteriological examination of vomit
? The epidemiology of dysentery in the Zone is not determined by the following
properties
of S. Zone ...
-low virulence compared to other Shigella species
-high infectious dose
-high reproduction rate in dairy products
+the ability to secrete exotoxin
-high resistance in the external environment in comparison with other species of
Shigella
? A patient with shigellosis is the most contagious ...
-in the prodromal period
+in the midst of illness
-at the beginning of the incubation period
-at the end of the incubation period
-during convalescence
? What food products are most often associated with outbreaks of dysentery ...
-sausage
-vegetables
-drinks
-+milk products
-cakes and pastries.
? Bacteriological research in patients with dysentery is subject to ...
-blood
-urine
+excreta
-gastric lavage
-spinal fluid
? Ways of transmission with dysentery ...
-contact
-transmission
-airborne
-air-dust
+food
? In the implementation of the milk transmission factor, the signs characteristic
of dysentery
are ...
-polyetiology
+a large number of severe forms of the disease
-low specific gravity of bak confirmation
-the epidemic process is extended for 2-3 incubation periods.
-territorial "attachment"
? Foods most commonly associated with outbreaks of dysentery ...
-sausage
101
-vegetables
-beverages
+milk products
-cakes and pastries.
? Foodborne outbreaks of dysentery Zonne after a single consumption of an infected
product
reach a maximum within ...
+1-2 days
-3-4 days
-for 5-6 days
-after 1 week
-for day 10
? The incubation period for dysentery is ...
-12-24 hours
+1-7 days
-7-25 days
-1-3 weeks
-1-6 months
? The contingent of patients with dysentery not subject to compulsory
hospitalization for
epidemiological indications ...
-living in the hostel
+living in separate apartments
-living in nursing homes
-of residents of boarding schools
-of people with disabilities living in homes
? The greatest danger as a source of infection in dysentery is ...
-bacteria carriers
-convalescents
+patients at the height of the disease
-pets (cats, dogs)
-birds and insects
? Terms of dispensary observation of convalescents of dysentery, not related to the
decreed
group ...
-throughout life
+not carried out
-up to 3 months
-up to 6 months
-up to a year
? Specific prophylaxis for dysentery consists in the introduction of ...
-chemical vaccine
-live vaccine
-killed vaccine
-toxoid
+not carried out
?Immunity after suffering from dysentery ...
-antibacterial resistant
+antibacterial short-lived
-antitoxic resistant
-short-term antitoxic
-not generated
102
? Viral hepatitis with fecal-oral transmission mechanism includes ...
+viral hepatitis A
-viral hepatitis C
-viral hepatitis B
-viral hepatitis D
-viral hepatitis F
? Viral hepatitis E belongs to ...
+anthroponoses
-zoonoses
-sapronosis
-anthropozoonoses
-saprozoonosis
? The mechanism of transmission of viral hepatitis E ...
+fecal-oral
-aerosol
-contact
-transmission
-vertical
? The mechanism of transmission of viral hepatitis E ...
+fecal-oral
-aerosol
-contact
-transmission
-vertical
? For the prevention of HAE, the most effective measure is ...
-isolation of patients from the focus
+providing the population with good quality water
-dibazoloprophylaxis
-providing good quality food
-carrying out preventive disinfection in preschool institutions
? Hepatitis A virus is most intensively detected in feces ...
+10-14 days before the onset of jaundice
-when Ig-anti HAV appears in a high titer
-during the entire period of the disease
-in the first week of illness
-when jaundice appears
? The leading route for the transfer of CGUs is ...
-water
+airborne
-air-dust
-contact-household
-food
? After suffering from GA disease ...
+long-term tense post-infectious immunity is developed
-a long-term, but non-tense post-infectious immunity is produced
-short-term, but intense post-infectious immunity is produced
-chronic virus carriers are formed
-the issue of the development of long-term intense post-infectious immunity is not
well
understood
103
? The distribution of morbidity over the territory is characteristic of viral
hepatitis E ...
-global
+regional
-zonal
-local
-local
? Groups of increased risk of HA disease among the population of the Russian
Federation
are ...
+children's groups in preschool and school institutions
-medical workers of dialysis centers, surgical and infectious diseases departments
-persons with repeated blood transfusions
-food and trade workers
-adults, regardless of professional affiliation
? Isolation of hepatitis A virus occurs most intensively during ...
-start of the incubation period
-the end of the incubation period
+prodromal period
-icteric period
-convalescence period.
? In viral hepatitis A, the source of infection is ...
+human
-water
-synanthropic rodents
-milk products
-cattle
? The group of riches with viral hepatitis A includes ...
-children under one year old
-children 1-4 years old
+children 4-15 years old
-people 19-30 years old
-adults over 40.
? Incubation period for viral hepatitis A ...
-14 days
-50 days
-180 days
+35 days
-70 days
? The annual dynamics of the incidence of viral hepatitis E in the Russian
Federation is
characterized by ...
-presence of summer-autumn seasonality
-the presence of autumn-winter seasonality
-the presence of spring-summer seasonality
-lack of seasonality
+the question of the presence of seasonality is not well understood.
?Immunoglobulin prophylaxis in the foci of viral hepatitis A is advisable to carry
out ...
-in the event of 1 case of HAV disease
-if multiple cases of HAV occur
-in a certain period of the year
+depending on the incidence rate in the area
-among certain groups of the population
104
?final disinfection, with HEV ...
-not carried out
-carried out by the forces of the population
+is carried out by the forces of the population, and according to epidemic
indications by
the disinfection service
-in all outbreaks, disinfection is carried out by a disinfection service
-carried out by the department of supervision of disinfection activities
?Short-term isolation in case of viral hepatitis A in an apartment with good living
conditions
...
-not allowed
+is allowed for a period not exceeding 3 days
-allowed for no more than a week
-allowed for no more than a month
-allowed without time limit by permission of the district epidemiologist
?Incorrect statement regarding viral hepatitis E ...
-viral hepatitis E is transmitted by fecal-oral
transmission mechanism
+after the onset of jaundice, you feel better
-viral hepatitis E is more common among young people aged 15-29
-lethality with viral hepatitis E in pregnant women -44-60%
-preicteric period, on average, is 4 days
?Terms of observation of contacts in the outbreak of viral hepatitis A from the day
of
isolation of the last patient ...
-there is no correct answer
-within 6 months
-within 7 days
-within 14 days
+within 35 days
? Intestinal infectious diseases include ...
-only to the group of anthroponoses
-only to a group of zoonoses
-only to the sapronosis group
+to all listed groups
-to none of the listed groups
? Mechanical vectors of pathogens of intestinal infections are ...
-mosquitoes
-gadflies
+synanthropic flies (indoor, brownie, meat, gray, green, etc.)
-mites
-tsetse fly
? The causative agent of poliomyelitis is ...
-bacterium
-chlamydia
-adenovirus
+poliovirus
-picornavirus
? Vaccine-associated poliomyelitis occurs at the age of ...
-at 11-14 years old
-at 7-10 years old
-at 3-5 years old
105
+in 3-5 months
-any age
? To confirm the diagnosis of poliomyelitis, it is used ...
-peripheral blood test
-Analysis of urine
-bacteriological examination of feces
+fecal virological testing
-RLA of cerebrospinal fluid
? Dispensary observation after a severe form of poliomyelitis continues ...
-3 months
-6 months
-1 year
-3 years
+until complete orthopedic correction
? Monitoring of contact children under 5 years of age in the outbreak of
poliomyelitis
continues ...
-3 days
-10 days
+20 days
-54 days
-60 days
? In poliomyelitis, socio-economic importance is determined ...
-activation of the epidemic process
-constant circulation of the pathogen among the population
+significant disability after illness
-detection of poliovirus in environmental objects
-short-term immunity after illness and vaccination.
? Doctor's actions when a patient with cholera appears at the reception ...
-termination of reception and message to the manager. clinic and the chief state
sanitary
doctor of the territory
-hospitalization of the patient
-ongoing disinfection in the reception area
-collection of material from the patient for bacteriological research
+all of the above.
? Those who have had cholera are under dispensary observation ...
-1 year
-1.5 years
-6 months
+3 months.
-2 years
?The main factor in the transmission of cholera is ...
-household items
-arthropods
-the soil
+water
-Food
? The incubation period for cholera is ...
-10-12 days
-17 days
-8-10 days
106
+1-5 days.
-14 days
? The main measures for cholera in the epidemic ...
-isolation of contact, specific prevention
-medical supervision and bacteriological examination of contact
-emergency antibiotic prophylaxis, isolation, quarantine
-isolation of patients, final disinfection
+hospitalization of patients, isolation of contact (medical observation,
bacteriological
examination, emergency prevention) current and final disinfection, in a
particularly difficult
epidemiological situation -quarantine.
? Persons who have been in contact with a patient with cholera are considered to be
contacts
...
-in the incubation period
+during the period of clinical manifestations of the disease
-during the period of clinical manifestations and during the early convalescence
-during the incubation period and during the period of clinical manifestations
-at any time of illness.
? The main role in the complex of anti-epidemic measures in case of imported
outbreaks of
cholera El Tor belongs to ...
-vaccination
-phaging
-Emergency antibiotic prophylaxis
-hygiene measures
+measures to neutralize sources of infection and hygiene measures.
? Localization of Vibrio cholerae in the human body ...
+small intestine
-stomach
-the large intestine
-in the bile ducts
-in the duodenum
? Tactics of a doctor when a cholera patient appears on an outpatient basis ...
-termination of reception and message to the manager. clinic and the chief state
sanitary
doctor of the territory
-hospitalization of the patient
-ongoing disinfection in the reception area
-collection of material from the patient for bacteriological research
+all of the above.
? Those who have had cholera are under dispensary observation for ...
-1 year
-1.5 years
-6 months
+3 months
-2.5 years
? The main route of transmission of cholera ...
-food
+aquatic
-contact household
-transmission
-parenteral
107
? Human infection with rabies occurs in ways ...
-transmission
+contact
-food
-aerosol
-transplacental
? The highest incidence of rabies is registered in ...
-Europe
+Asia
-Africa
-America
-Antarctica
? Rabies refers to ...
-anthroponoses
-Zooanthroponoses
+zoonoses
-sapronosis
-Zooanthroponoses with traits of sapronoses
? The incubation period for rabies varies within ...
+12 days 1 year
-1-10 days
-50-60 days
-10-40 days
-2-12 months
? The main sources of rabies infection include ...
-the foxes
-raccoon dogs
-wolves
-lagomorphs
+foxes, wolves, raccoon dogs
? A person infected with the rabies virus is dangerous to others ...
-from the first days of the incubation period
-at the end of the incubation period
-when symptoms of illness appear
-at the end of the incubation period and throughout the disease
+not dangerous to others
? Main intervention for a bite victim ...
-medical supervision
-laboratory examination
-chemoprophylaxis
+vaccinations
-hospitalization
? The duration of immunity after the administration of the rabies vaccine is ...
-3 months
+1 year
-6 months
-3 years
-decades
? To create specific anti-rabies immunity, the most effective ...
+live vaccine
108
-antirabies serum
-antirabies gammaglobulin
-vaccine in combination with gammaglobulin
-vaccine combined with rabies serum
? The introduction of antirabies gammaglobulin provides ...
+passive immunity
-reducing the number of vaccine injections required
-relief of the condition of the vaccinated
-prevention of complications
-reducing the dose of the vaccine.
? Mechanism of transmission in dysentery ...
-airrogenic
-parenteral
+fecal-oral
-contact
-vertical
?The most effective measure for the prevention of viral hepatitis E is ...
-isolation of patients from the focus
+providing the population with good quality water
-dibazoloprophylaxis
-carrying out preventive disinfection in preschool institutions
-isolation of contact from the outbreak
?The hepatitis A virus is most intensely detected in feces ...
+10-14 days before the onset of jaundice
-when Ig-anti HAV appears in a high titer
-during the entire period of the disease
-when jaundice appears
-3 days after the onset of the icteric period
?The leading route of transmission of viral hepatitis E is ...
+water
-airborne
-food
-contact household
-sexual
? After suffering viral hepatitis A ...
+long-term tense post-infectious immunity is developed
-the issue of the development of long-term intense post-infectious immunity is not
well
understood
-short-term, but intense post-infectious immunity is produced
-chronic virus carriers are formed
-disability occurs
? The most effective means of preventing viral hepatitis A is ...
-dibazol
+vaccine
-interferon
-immunoglobulin
-arbidol
? Donors who have communicated with a viral hepatitis E patient from donating blood
...
-don't move away
+are suspended for life
109
-suspended for 6 months
-are suspended for a period of 1 year.
-suspended for 2 months
? In the foci of viral hepatitis A, it is advisable to carry out immunoglobulin
prophylaxis ...
-in the event of 1 case of HAV disease
-if multiple cases of HAV occur
-in a certain period of the year
+depending on the incidence rate in the area
-if it occurs in winter
? n case of viral hepatitis E, final disinfection ...
-not carried out
+is carried out by the forces of the population, and according to epidemic
indications by
the disinfection service
-in all outbreaks, disinfection is carried out by a disinfection service
-carried out by the department of supervision of disinfection activities
-carried out by the population
? Which route of transmission is not typical for cholera ...
-water
-alimentary
+air-dust
-contact household
-food
? The greatest epidemiological danger to others is represented by ...
-sick with a typical form of cholera
+a patient with atypical cholera
-transient vibrio carrier
-carrier
-women are sick with typical cholera
? The source of cholera pathogens are ...
+cholera patient, vibrio carrier
-vibrio carrier
-patient with cholera-like diarrhea
-chronic vibrio carrier
-the patient in the incubation period of the disease
? The main subject of epidemiology is:
-human population
-population health
-the incidence of infectious diseases
+incidence of any disease.
? The object of epidemiology is:
+the process of the emergence and spread of any disease
-the process of the emergence and spread of only infectious diseases
-the effectiveness of measures to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases
-peculiarities of the dynamics and structure of indicators of the incidence of the
population by
any diseases
? The transmission mechanism is
+an evolutionarily developed way of moving the pathogen, providing the parasite
with a
change in specific individual hosts necessary to maintain the biological species of
the
pathogen
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another using transmission factors
110
-transfer of the pathogen from one organism to another in the specific conditions
of the
epidemic situation using transmission factors or their combination
? The natural focus of an infectious disease is considered
-community of biological objects
-epizootic focus
-territory in which zoonotic infections are constantly recorded
-the site of human infection with zoonotic infection
+a section of the territory of the geographical landscape with its characteristic
biocenosis,
among the individuals of which the causative agent of the disease circulates stably
? The main subject of epidemiology is:
-human population
-population health
-the incidence of infectious diseases
+incidence of any disease.
? The object of epidemiology is:
+the process of the emergence and spread of any disease
-the process of the emergence and spread of only infectious diseases
-the effectiveness of measures to reduce the incidence of infectious diseases
-peculiarities of the dynamics and structure of indicators of the incidence of the
population by
any diseases
? Transmission factors
+elements of the external environment that ensure the transfer of the pathogen from
one
organism to another
-biotic factors of the external environment, in which the accumulation of the
pathogen occurs
-abiotic environmental factors in which the pathogen accumulates
? The epidemic process is:
-the spread of infectious diseases among animals
-the spread of infectious diseases among aquatic organisms
-identifying cases of rabies in stray dogs
+the spread of infectious diseases among humans
-outbreak of salmonellosis among ducks
? The manifestation of the epidemic process is:
-revealing an acute form of dysentery in one patient
-carriage of Lefler's corynebacterium in a kindergarten employee
-Carriage of Salmonella Ebert from a grocery store seller
-identifying ascariasis in a child from kindergarten
+sporadic incidence of dysentery in the community
? The term "sporadic morbidity" means:
-disease of people with a disease unusual for the given territory
-outbreak of bacterial dysentery in kindergarten
+single, unrelated human diseases with an infectious disease
-group diseases of people with an infectious disease
-infection of ticks with Crimean hemorrhagic fever virus
? The epidemic process is considered as "sporadic morbidity", "outbreak",
"epidemic"
depending on:
+number of sick people
-the severity of the course of the disease
-carrier formation frequency
-frequency of disease complications
-the rate of spread of diseases
111
? The manifestation of the epidemic process includes:
+detection of Shigella Zonne bacterial carriers in 2 kitchen workers
-outbreak of tularemia among rodents
-detecting rabies in pets
-revelation of a high "gnawing" among livestock
-detection of salmonella in chicken legs
? In what cases can we talk about the epidemic process:
-upon detection of the causative agent of cholera in the reservoir
-when detecting malaria plasmodia in mosquitoes
+with isolated diseases of the inhabitants of the region Crimean hemorrhagic fever
-with the development of acute hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with viral
hepatitis
-with the development of hepatic encephalopathy in a patient with viral hepatitis
? Which of the following situations relate to the manifestations of the epidemic
process:
+identification of isolated cases of carriage of toxigenic diphtheria bacteria at
school
-the occurrence of an outbreak of brucellosis among sheep
-establishing a diagnosis of typhoid fever in a patient who was hospitalized with
an initial
diagnosis of pneumonia
-revealing the carriage of hepatitis B surface antigen in one of the students in
the class
-the occurrence of an outbreak of psittacosis among chickens at a poultry farm
? Who is the source of the causative agent of the infection:
-mosquitoes for malaria
-body louse with typhus
-any medium (water, dry -in which the pathogen is found
+living infected human or animal organism
-duck eggs for salmonellosis
? Who is the source of the causative agent of infection in anthroponoses:
-only sick people
+sick people and carriers
-infected lice, ticks and mosquitoes
-sick animals
-flies
? Potential sources of infectious agents are:
-mosquitoes for malaria
-infected ticks
-duck eggs for salmonellosis
-dairy products for salmonellosis
+bacteria carriers
? Does not apply to zoonoses:
-salmonellosis
-brucellosis
-pseudotuberculosis
+dysentery
-anthrax
? Who is not a source of infection for humans:
-Pets
-wild animals
-synanthropic rodents
-birds
+mosquitoes
112
? Sapronoses include diseases in which:
-the source of the causative agent is not identified
-the causative agent is capable of forming spores
+the pathogen can multiply in water, soil or on the surface of some objects
-the source of the causative agent of the infection is synanthropic rodents
-the pathogen is able to persist for a long time in carriers (ticks, fleas,
mosquitoes)
? Collecting an epidemiological history, it is necessary to clarify the possibility
of contact
with animals when:
-diphtheria
+tularemia
-typhoid fever
-malaria
-meningococcal infection
? Do not belong to the natural variants of the transmission mechanism of the
pathogen:
-transmission
-fecal-oral
-pin
+instrumental
-aspiration
? Infectious diseases with an aerogenic transmission mechanism include:
+diphtheria
-toxoplasmosis
-viral hepatitis E
-malaria
-erizipeloid
? Infectious diseases with a contact mechanism include:
-chickenpox
-meningococcal infection
+rabies
-flu
-diphtheria
? Do not apply to infections with the fecal-oral mechanism:
-dysentery
+typhus
-salmonellosis
-cholera
-viral hepatitis E
? Does not apply to infections with a vertical transmission mechanism:
-rubella
-HIV infection
-chickenpox
-viral hepatitis B
+tularemia
? The source of the causative agent in typhus is:
-nits
-lice
+a patient with typhus
-the patient's feces
-synanthropic rodents
113
? The factor of transmission of the pathogen in tularemia are:
-water rats
+ticks
-sick people
-hares
-synanthropic rodents
? The source of transmission of infection with typhoid fever are:
+typhoid patient
-the patient's feces
-water of the lake in which Ebert's salmonella was found
-the air of the room in which the patient was
-infected food
? The source of the pathogen in viral hepatitis A are:
-chronic virus carrier
+a sick man
-Pets
-flies and cockroaches
-water of open reservoirs