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Pediatric Clinical Case Scenarios

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
97 views22 pages

Pediatric Clinical Case Scenarios

Uploaded by

vanksand
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

1-12mont hsoldchil

dpr esentedwi th [Link]


hist
oryofheadache,v
omi ti
ng, i
rrit
abil
ity,
dipl
opiaandbulgi
ngofant eri
orf ontanell
e. [Link]
anosi
s
Whichv i
tami
nov er
dosagei smor eli
kelyto [Link]
mini
shedf
eedi
ngv
olume
causethesetoxi
ccli
nicalfeatures:
EPr
eti
bialedema✔

[Link]
tami
nA✔
4-A06mont
hchi
ldpr
esent
edwi
th
[Link]
tami
nB
recur
rentepi
sodesofdiar
[Link]
[Link]
tami
nC theri
skofdiarr
heaunderoney ear
,rota
[Link]
tami
nD vir
usvaccinei
seffect
ivet
ogiveatt heage
of:
[Link]
tami
nE

A.04weeks
2-A25y earoldmotherdeli
vered2.
2kg
new.Hedevelopjuandiceon1stdayofl
ife. [Link]
om 2mont
hst
o6mont
hs✔
Juandi
[Link] s [Link]
om 6mont
hst
o9mont
hs
mostli
kel
ycauseofj uandi
ce:
[Link]
terbi
rt
h

[Link]
imeunderoney
ear
[Link]
s

[Link]
pot
hyr
oidi
sm
5-A03y earoldsal
mancamei n
[Link]
ncompat
ibi
li
ty✔ emergency wi
thhist
oryofbleedingfrom
[Link]
eastmi
lkj
uandi
ce [Link] nat
ionchil
disilll
ooking,
pal
e,petechaeandecchymosi sand
[Link]
siol
ogi
calj
uandi
ce gener
ali
zedl [Link]
di
seaseiscommoni nfoll
owingcondi t
ion:

3-I
naddi
ti
ont
oir
ri
tabi
li
ty,
sweat
ingand
[Link]
assemi
amaj
or
di
ff
icult
ybr eat
hing,t
hesymptom t
hati
s
mostindicati
veofcongest
ivehear
tfai
lur
e [Link]
oti
csy
ndr
ome
i
na03weekol dinf
anti
s:
[Link]
ndr
ome

[Link]
cul
osi
s
[Link]
tes
[Link]
abet
esmel
li
tus
6-Onedayol
dnewbor
ncamei
nOPDf
or 8-A02y
earol
dgi
rlbr
oughti
npedi
atr
ic

r
out
inecheckup.I
ndet
ail
edhi
stor
ymot
her emer
gencywi
thpal
lor
.Shei
sst
ilonbr
east

wassuffer
ingfr
om hepatit
isBv i
ral f
eedi
ngandnocompl
iment
aryf
eedi
ngwas
i
nfect
[Link] l
lyoupreventnewbor
n
f
rom hepati
ti
sBinfecti
on: star
tedy
[Link]
her

anemi
ais:
[Link]
vei
mmunogl
obul
in

[Link]
vehepat
it
isBv
acci
ne
A.B12def
ici
ency
[Link]
ver
out
ineEPlv
acci
neat06weeks
age [Link]
icaci
ddef
ici
ency

[Link]
vehepat
it
isBv
acci
neand C.I
rondef
ici
ency✔

i
mmunogl
obul
ini
mmedi
atel
y✔ [Link]
tami
nEdef
ici
ency

[Link]
vebr
eastmi
lk [Link]
tami
nCdef
ici
ency

7-A07y earchi
ldpr esentedwit
hf ever 9-Commonestmi
cronut
ri
entdef
ici
encyi
n
for03weekswi thpallorandgenerali
zed chi
ldr
en:
body [Link] nati
onsicklooki
ng
childwithgeneral i
zedIymphadenopat hy
andhepat ospl
enomegal [Link]
[Link]
tami
nAdef
ici
ency
i
nv esti
gat i
onwhi chwi l
lconfi
rmthe
diagnosisi s: [Link]
tami
nDdef
ici
ency

C.l
odi
neDef
ici
ency
[Link]
oodCP D.I
ronDef
ici
ency✔
[Link]
oodcul
tur
e✔ [Link]
ncDef
ici
ency
[Link]
rowbi
opsy

[Link]
ipher
alsmear

[Link]
icul
ocy
tecount
10-A06y earoldgi
rlofmoder ate 12.A10mont
hol
duni
mmuni
zedboyi
s
persi
stentasthmaattendedast hmacli
nic.
Themostef fect
ivecontrol
lermedicat
ion broughtinpediatr
icsemergencywith
foraboveconditi
onis: hist
oryofintenseboutsofcoughinghi
s
facebecomesr edwithprot
r usi
onofeyes
andpromi [Link]
l
ikelydiagnosisi
s:
a)I
nhal
edcor
ti
cost
eroi
d✔

b)Mont
elukast
a)Ast
hma
c)Or
alSt
eroi
d
b)For
eignbodyi
nhal
ati
on
d)Sal
met
erol
c)Pneumoni
a
e)Sodi
um Chr
omogl
ycat
e
d)Pul
monar
ytuber
cul
osi
s

e)Whoopi
ngcough✔
[Link]
ldwi
thacut
ely
mphobl
ast
ic

l
eukemi
acommonl
ypr
esent
swi
th:
Q)13.A02y
earol
dchi
ldpr
esent
edwi
th

hi
storyoff ever,
pal
lor
,v omiti
ngand
a)Bonepai
n✔ headachesi [Link] nati
onhe
b)Bl
eedi
ng i
slethargic,BP90/60mmHg, Tempratur
e
i
s102° f
.Signsofmeni ngit
isareabsent.
c)
Fev
er Faci
li
tiesofRDTand

d)Headache mi
croscopyar
enotav
ail
abl
[Link]
ugwhi
ch

e)Vomi
ti
ng shoul
dbegi
venbef
orer
eff
erali
s:

a)Ar
tesunat
e

b)Ar
ti
met
her

c)Ar
ti
met
her
andl
umef
ant
ri
ne

d)Chl
oroqui
ne✔

e)Qui
nine
14.A06weekol
dinf
antsi
gnwhi
chi
s 16.A05day
sol
dinf
antbr
oughti
nOPDf
or

consi
stentwi
tht
hecl
assi
fi
cat
ionofv
ery rout
[Link]
nat
ionhewas
no
severediseaseorpossi
bleser
ious
bacteri
al dehy
drat
[Link]
gni
stocl
assi
fyasl
ocal

i
nfect
ioni
s: bact
eri
ali
nfect
ioni
nthi
sinf
anti
s:

a)Axi
ll
aryTempr
atur
eof35°
C✔ a)Bl
eedi
ngf
rom Umbi
li
calst
ump

b)Mi
ldchesti
ndr
awi
ng b)Fecaldi
schar
gef
rom Umbi
li
calst
ump

c)Pusdr
aini
ngf
rom umbi
li
cus c)Fev
er

d)Respi
rat
oryr
ateof52permi
nut
e d)Lowbodyt
emper
atur
e

e)Someski
npust
ules e)Pusdr
aini
ngf
rom Umbi
li
calst
ump✔

15.A07dayol
dneonat
ewasadmi
tt
ed 17.A03y
earchi
ldbr
oughti
nOPDwi
th
wit
h
hi
stor
yofl
oosemot
ionf
or07day
[Link]
compl
ainoff
everandpoorf
eedi
[Link]
examinati
onchil
dhassunkeney
[Link]
exami nati
onrespi
ratoryrat
e60 otherl
ikel
ysi
gntoclassi
fyt
hechil
dil
lness
breath/minute,
heartrat
e160/minut
e, asseveredehydr
ati
onis:
Tempr ature101°fandpoorpri
miti
ve
refl
[Link] i
kel
ydiagnosisi
s:
a)Dr
inkeager
ly

a)Meni
ngi
ti
s b)Dr
ymout
h

b)Pneumoni
a c)I
rr
it
abl
e

c)
Respi
rat
iondi
str
esssy
ndr
ome d)Rest
less

d)Sept
icemi
a✔ e)Ski
npi
nchgoesbackv
erysl
owl
y✔

e)
Transi
entt
achy
pneaofnewbor
n
[Link]
zur
edi
sor
der e)Ul
tr
asoundbr
ain

dur
ingchi
ldhood:

[Link]
iveagentf
or

a)Bact
eri
almeni
ngi
ti
s bact
eri
almeni
ngi
ti
sfr
om 02mont
hst
o02

b)Cer
ebr
almal
ari
a y
ear
sis:

c)Epi
lepsy

d)Febr
il
econv
ulsi
on✔ a)St
aphy
lococcusaur
eus

e)
Sepsi
s b)Haemophi
lusi
nfl
uenza✔

c)St
rept
ococcuspneumoni
a

[Link]
rat
orydi
str
esssy
ndr
omei
smor
e d)Nei
sser
iameni
ngi
ti
des

commonl
yseeni
n; e)
[Link]
i

a)I
nfantofdi
abet
icmot
her [Link]
hin

b)I
nfantdel
iv
eredbyCesar
eanSect
ion newbor
n:

c)I
nfantwi
thbi
rt
hasphy
xia

d)I
nfantwi
thcol
dst
ress a)Pr
emat
uri
ty✔

e)
Premat
ure✔ b)Pneumoni
a

c)Di
arr
hea

[Link]
onofchoicefordiagnosi
s d)I
nfect
ion
&classifi
cationofint
ra-ventr
icular
hemor rhagei nnewbornis: e)Bi
rt
hasphy
xia

a)Bl
eedi
ngpr
ofi
le

b)Bl
oodCP

c)Lumberpunct
ure✔

d)Sept
icscr
een
[Link]
dchi
ldpr
esentwi
th [Link]
choft
hef
oll
owi
ngsi
gnswoul
d
weight
[Link] eet
:
makey
oucl
assi
fya5mont
hol
dchi
ldwi
th
10mm,
zeescor
e<3wi
th:
di
ff
icul
tbr
eat
hingassev
erepneumoni
aor

sev
eredi
sease:
a)I
tismoder
ateacut
emal
nut
ri
ti
on

b)I
tismar
asmus
a)Vomi
ti
ng
I
tissev
ereacut
emal
nut
ri
ti
on✔
b)I
rr
it
abi
li
ty
d)
ti
sst
unt
edgr
owt
h
c)St
ri
dorwhencal
m✔
e)i
tiswast
ed
d)Respi
rat
oryr
ateof52br
eat
hsper
minut
e

[Link]
aist
hecompl
icat
ionofwhi
chof e)Rest
lessness

t
hef
oll
owi
ngdi
sease:

27.I
rondef
ici
encyi
nachi
ldwhohas

a)Py
ogeni
cmeni
ngi
ti
s unrepair
edcyanoti
ccongeni
talheart
diseaseismostli
kelyt
oincr
easet heri
sk
b)Encephal
it
is for:
c)Cer
ebr
almal
ari
a✔

d)Tuber
cul
ousmeni
ngi
ti
s a)Congest
ivehear
tfai
lur
e✔
e)Hepat
iccoma b)Di
goxi
ntoxi
cit
y

C)Tetspel
ls
[Link]<5mor
tal
it
y: d)Pul
monar
yhemor
hage
a)Mal
ari
a e)
Str
oke
b)Measl
es

c)Di
arr
hea

d)Pneumoni
a✔

e)Hepat
it
is
28.A05y
ear
schi
ldpr
esent
edwi
th 30.A05mont
hol
dboyhasv
omi
ti
ngand

gener
ali
zededemaandoli
gur
iaand bloodstai
nedl
[Link]
di
agnosedasacaseofnephr
oti
c examinati
onhehassev
er edehy
drat
ion.
syndr
[Link] Theoptionoft
reat
mentistogive:
compli
cati
onchi
ldmaydevel
op:
a)100mlnor
malsal
inei
n3hour
's

b)100mi
/kgRi
nger
'ssol
uti
oni
n6hour
s
a)Cel
lul
it
is✔
c)
Cipr
oxi
neSy
rup
b)Per
it
oni
ti
s
d)Zi
nc
c)Pneumoni
a
e)100mi
/kgRi
nger
slact
atei
n6hour
's,
d)Sepsi
s
ci
proxi
nandZi
nc
e)Ur
inar
ytr
acti
nfect
ion

[Link]
crocy
tichy
pochr
omi
canemi
ais
29.A03dayol
dneonat
epr
esentwi
th
devel
opi
ngcount
ri
esi
smostcommonl
y
f
eedi
ngdi
ff
icul
[Link]
iv
eredathome. seendueto:

Ther
eisnohi
stor
yofanyant
enat
al

i
mmuni
zati
onduri
ngpregnancy
.Whati
s a)Copperdef
ici
ency
t
hemostl
i
kelydi
agnosi
s:
b)I
ronDef
ici
ency✔

c)Leadpoi
soni
ng
a)I
n-bor
ner
rorofmet
abol
ism
d)Si
der
obl
ast
icanemi
a
b)Neonat
alsepsi
s
e)
Thal
assemi
a
c)Hy
poxi
cischemi
cencephal
opat
hy

d)Neonat
almeni
ngi
ti
s

e)Neonat
alt
etanus✔
32.A02y
ear
sol
dchi
ldpr
esent
edwi
th 34.A23y
earol
dfemal
edel
iv
eredamal
e

hi
stor
yoff
everr
unnynoseandwat
eri
ngof [Link]
ingpregnancymotherwast aki
ng
ant
i-epil
epti
[Link]
onbaby
ey
esf
or05day
sfol
lowedbyonsetof hasswell
ingatlumbosacralr
[Link]
Maculopapularr
ashandabr uptr
iseof mostli
kelycauseofswel
li
ngis:
fev
[Link] st
oryofsi
milari
lness
ofachildinfamil
[Link]
complicat
ionofil
lnessis: a)Di
azepam

b)Val
por
icaci
d

a)Cor
nealul
cer
ati
on✔ c)Pheny
toi
n

b)Encephal
it
is d)Phenobar
bit
on

c)My
ocar
dit
is e)Cabamazepi
ne✔

d)Pneumoni
a

e)Subacut
escl
erosi
ngpanencephal
it
is 35.A03y
earol
dchi
ldcamei
nOPDwi
th

j
uandice, anor
exia,
nauseaandfeversi
nce
05day [Link]
oryofbl
ood
33.A20mont
hol
dgi
rlbr
oughti
nOPDwi
th tr
[Link]
ontemperature
compl
aintoff
everandsor
ethr
oat
.On 38° C,
liverist
enderand3cm palpable
belowcost almargi
[Link]
kely
exami
nat
ionshehast
enderandenl
arged di
agnosi sis:

ymphnodesi
[Link]
key
si
gnshoul
dbepresentt
oclassi
fyasa
a)Hepat
it
isA✔
st
rept
ococcalsor
ethr
oati
s:
b)CLD

c)Hepat
it
isB
a)Bl
uishmembr
aneont
onsi
l
d)Mal
ari
a
b)Gr
ayi
shmembr
aneont
onsi
l
e)Ty
phoi
d
c)Notabl
etodr
ink

d)Redexudat
esont
onsi
l

e)Whi
teexudat
esont
onsi
l✔
36.A02y
earol
dboyj
sbr
oughti
npedi
atr
ic 38.A10mont
hol
dgi
rli
sbr
oughti
nOPD

emer gencywi t
hasy mmet r
icweaknessof wi
thcompl
aintoff
everanddi
arr
[Link]
bothlegsandi nabil
it
yt [Link]
exami nati
onhehasf l
acci
dpar al
ysi
[Link] exami
nat
ionshei
swast
edwi
thnosi
gnof
bestdi agnosti
ctestforconfi
rming dehy
drat
ion,
herMUACi
s115mm butabl
e
poil
iomy ell
it
isis:
t
of i
nishRUTEThemostappr
opr
iat
e
t
reatmentopt
ioni
s:
a)St
oolDR

b)CSFDR a)I
ntr
amuscul
arant
ibi
oti
c
c)Thr
oatSwab b)Admi
tatNSC
d)Vi
ralcul
tur
eofst
oolspeci
mens✔ c)Tr
eatt
hechi
ldt
opr
eventhy
pot
her
mia
e)Bl
oodCP d)Tr
eatt
hechi
ldt
opr
eventhy
pogl
ycemi
a

e)Homecar
eandor
alant
ibi
oti
cs✔
[Link]
ninf
anti
snot
edt
ohav
e

dy
smor
phi
cfeat
ures,
afl
atf
ace,
flat
tened [Link]
herbr
oughther08mot
hsol
d
occi
put
,epi
cant
half
olds,
abdomi
nal babywithhist
oryofrecurr
entchest
Di
stent
ionandhy
pot
oni
[Link]
his i
nfect
[Link] nat
ionhehas
pansyst
oli
cmur muronl ef
tster
nalbor
der
.
mor
phol
ogyi
s? Whichismostl i
kel
ydiagnosi
s:

a)Tr
isomy18 a)At
ri
alsept
aldef
ect

b)Tur
nersy
ndr
ome b)Vent
ri
cul
arsept
aldef
ect✔

c)Tr
isomy21✔ c)Pul
monar
yst
enosi
s

d)Tr
isomy13 d)Tr
icuspi
dat
resi
a

e)
Tri
somy08 e)Tet
ral
ogyoff
all
ot
[Link]
fact
ant c)Denguef
ever

def
ici
encyi
nnewbor
nis: d)Ent
eri
cfev
er

e)Vi
ralencephal
it
is

a)I
ntr
aut
eri
neanoxi
a

b)Aci
dosi
s [Link]
iveagentof

c)Pr
emat
uri
ty✔ My
ocar
dit
isi
nchi
ldr
eni
s:

d)Mat
ernaldi
abet
esmel
li
tus

e)Caesar
eanSect
ion a)Vi
ral✔

b)Bact
eri
al

[Link]
pot
her
miai
nlowbi
rt
h c)
Fungal

weightbabi
esi
ncl
udeal
loff
oll
owi
ng d)Pr
otozoal
except:
e)Par
asi
ti
c

a)Lar
gesur
facear
ea
44.12mont
hsol
dchi
ldpr
esent
edwi
th
b)Lackofsubcut
aneousf
at
hi
stor
yofheadache,
vomi
ti
ng,
irr
it
abi
li
ty
c)
Mor
esweat
ing&shi
ver
ing
di
plopi
aandbul
gingofant
eri
orf
ont
anel
le.
d)poorst
oreofbr
ownf
at✔
Whi
chv
itami
nov
erdosagei
smor
eli
kel
yto
e)Lessmuscul
aract
ivi
ty
causet
heset
oxi
ccl
ini
calf
eat
ures:

42.05y
ear
sol
dchi
ldadmi
tt
edwi
tht
wo
a)Vi
tami
nA✔
day
shi
stor
yofhi
ghgr
adef
evercomaand
b)Vi
tami
nB
pal
pabl
espl
[Link]
lddev
eloped
c)Vi
tami
nC
hy
pogl
ycemi
[Link]
dbedi
agnosi
s:
d)Vi
tami
nD

e)Vi
tami
nE
a)Meni
ngi
ti
s

b)Sev
eremal
ari
a✔
[Link]
rat
oryr
ateofnewbor
nbaby e)CRP

normalrange/
minaccor
dingt
oIMNCI
prot
ocolis;
[Link]
iralmeni
ngo-
encephal
it
isi
s:

a)40-
60

b)30-
59✔ a)Ar
borv
irus

c)30-
50 b)Ent
erov
irus✔

d)20-
40 )Her
pesv
irus

e)25-
60 d)Mumpsv
irus

e)Var
icel
lazost
erv
irus

[Link]
iconv
ulsantr
esponsi
blei
nfet
al

hepat
otoxi
cit
ysy
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d)Bl
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wat
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Fast
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Mal
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wi
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[Link]
ain

[Link]
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oll
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icat
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s:

nephr
oti
csy
ndr
omeexcept:

a)Vi
tami
nB12def
ici
ency

a)
UTI b)I
rondef
ici
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it
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meni
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[Link]
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c)Fastbr
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oup

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[Link]
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ardi
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eignbody

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ort
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[Link]
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or: b)Cef
ixi
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ikelyclassi
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ikelycauseofthi
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(112mg/dl
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other
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hei
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Ref
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a)Sept
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c)
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d)TBM

e)GBS

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