This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles

for the
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

Designation: D2665 − 20 An American National Standard

Standard Specification for

Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent
Pipe and Fittings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation D2665; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year of
original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval. A
superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* 2. Referenced Documents

1.1 This specification covers requirements and test methods 2.1 ASTM Standards:2
for materials, dimensions and tolerances, pipe stiffness, crush D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
resistance, impact resistance, and solvent cement for poly(vinyl D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
chloride) plastic drain, waste, and vent pipe and fittings. A form tics
of marking is also included. Plastic which does not meet the D1784 Classification System and Basis for Specification for
material requirements specified in Section 5 is excluded. Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Compounds and Chlo-
Installation procedures are given in the Appendix. rinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Compounds
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1.2 The values stated in inch-pound units are to be regarded
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
as standard. The values given in parentheses are mathematical
iTeh Standards
conversions to SI units that are provided for information only
and are not considered standard.
D2412 Test Method for Determination of External Loading
Characteristics of Plastic Pipe by Parallel-Plate Loading

([Link]
D2444 Practice for Determination of the Impact Resistance
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes, of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These (Falling Weight)
Document Preview
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
D2564 Specification for Solvent Cements for Poly(Vinyl
Chloride) (PVC) Plastic Piping Systems
D3311 Specification for Drain, Waste, and Vent (DWV)
1.4 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
test methods portion, Section 7, of this specification: ASTMThis D2665-20Plastic Fittings Patterns
F402 Practice for Safe Handling of Solvent Cements,
[Link]
standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
Primers, and Cleaners Used for Joining Thermoplastic
if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
Pipe and Fittings
of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and
F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
environmental practices and determine the applicability of
F1498 Specification for Taper Pipe Threads 60° for Thermo-
regulatory limitations prior to use.
plastic Pipe and Fittings
1.5 This international standard was developed in accor- F1866 Specification for Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- Schedule 40 Drainage and DWV Fabricated Fittings
ization established in the Decision on Principles for the F2135 Specification for Molded Drain, Waste, and Vent
Development of International Standards, Guides and Recom- (DWV) Short-Pattern Plastic Fittings
mendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical
Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee. 3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions are in accordance with Terminology F412,
and abbreviations are in accordance with Terminology D1600,
unless otherwise specified.

1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic
2
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.63 on DWV. For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, [Link], or
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2020. Published August 2020. Originally contact ASTM Customer Service at service@[Link]. For Annual Book of ASTM
approved in 1968. Last previous edition approved in 2014 as D2665 – 14. DOI: Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
10.1520/D2665-20. the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 D2665 − 20
4. Significance and Use [Link] For all fittings having taper pipe threads, threads
4.1 The requirements of this specification are intended to shall conform to Specification F1498 and be gaged in accor-
provide pipe and fittings suitable for the drainage and venting dance with 7.5. Fittings of nominal sizes not given in Speci-
of sewage and certain other liquid wastes. fication F1498 shall not have threads.
[Link] Fabricated DWV fittings shall comply with Specifi-
NOTE 1—Industrial waste disposal lines should be installed only with cation F1866.
the specific approval of the cognizant building code authority since
chemicals not commonly found in drains and sewers and temperatures in6.3 Pipe Stiffness, Deflection Load and Flattening:
excess of 180 °F (82.2 °C) may be encountered. 6.3.1 Pipe—The minimum pipe stiffness at 5 % deflection
NOTE 2—This specification does not include requirements for pipe and
fittings intended to be used to vent combustion gases. shall be in accordance with Table 3. The pipe shall deflect by
60 % of the nominal outside diameter (flattening) without
5. Materials cracking, rupture, or other visible evidence of failure when
5.1 Basic Materials—The pipe shall be made of virgin PVC tested in accordance with 7.4.
compounds meeting or exceeding the requirements of Class [Link] Pipe Stiffness (PS)—Three specimens shall be tested.
12454 as defined in Specification D1784. The fittings shall be If all three meet the PS requirement, the sample meets the PS
made of virgin PVC compounds meeting or exceeding the requirement. If one or two fail, additional testing shall be
requirements of Class 12344 as defined in Specification conducted in accordance with [Link]. If all three fail, the
D1784, but with a tensile strength of not less than 6500 psi and sample does not meet the PS requirement.
a modulus of elasticity for not less than 380 000 psi. These [Link] Pipe Stiffness and Lower Confidence Limit—In the
plastics contain stabilizers, lubricants, and pigments. event that one or two of the specimens tested in 6.3.1 fail to
5.2 Rework Material—The manufacturer shall use only his meet the minimum PS requirement, the average pipe stiffness
own clean pipe or fitting rework material, and the pipe or of eleven specimens shall meet or exceed the minimum
fittings produced shall meet all the requirements of this requirement given in Table 3. The 99 % lower confidence limit
specification. (LCL) shall be within 15 % of the average value. The LCL
shall be calculated using the Student’s “t” distribution, with

iTeh Standards
5.3 Solvent Cement—The solvent cement used to join pipe N-1 degrees of freedom, where N is the number of specimens.
and fittings made to this specification shall meet the require- The critical t value shall be used to at least three significant
ments of Specification D2564. digits. Alternatively, if the LCL exceeds the minimum PS
6. Requirements ([Link] requirement in Table 3, but is not within 15 % of the average,
the sample meets the requirements of the pipe stiffness testing.
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6.1 General—The pipe and fittings shall be homogeneous
throughout and free of visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions,
or other injurious defects. The pipe shall be as uniform as
The eleven specimens include the three tested under 6.3.1, and
an additional eight with rotation by 35°, as specified in Test
Method D2412, continuing throughout the remaining speci-
commercially practicable in color, opacity, density, and other mens.
physical properties. ASTM D2665-20 [Link] The LCL based on testing eleven specimens is
[Link]
6.1.1 The requirements in this section are intended only for calculated as follows:
use as quality control tests, not as simulated service tests.
LCL 5 ~ avg PS! 2 $ 2.76~ std. dev.! / =~ N ! % (1)
6.2 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6.2.1 Method—All dimensions shall be determined in accor- where:
dance with Test Method D2122.
6.2.2 Dimensions: ~ avg PS! 5 @ ( ~ PSi ! # / (2)
[Link] The outside diameter and wall thicknesses of pipe
shall meet the requirements of Table 2. The pipe shall be in ~ std. dev.! 5 F( PS 2
(
2 ~ PS! /N
N21
2

G 1/2

either 10 or 20 ft (3.05 or 6.1 m) lengths, unless otherwise N = 11

specified, with an allowable tolerance of +1⁄2, −0 in. (+13, −0
[Link] The 15 % requirement is calculated as follows:
mm).
[Link] The patterns, dimensions, and laying lengths of ~ Avg 2 LCL! / ~ Avg! 3 100 # 15 % (3)
fittings, including adaptors, shall meet the requirements of NOTE 3—The 5 % deflection criterion, which was arbitrarily selected
for testing convenience, should not be considered as a limitation with
Specification D3311 and Table 1. respect to in-use deflection. The engineer is responsible for establishing
[Link] Reducer bushings of sizes 2 by 11⁄4 and 4 by 3 shall the acceptable deflection.
be permitted to have the socket wall thickness and spigot wall
thickness below the minimum requirements defined in Table 1, 6.3.2 Fittings—Individual fittings unassembled shall with-
but not less than 0.098 in. (2.5 mm), provided the inner socket stand a minimum load of 750 lbf/ft (11 kN/m) of centerline
and outer spigot are reinforced by a minimum of four ribs. The length without cracking or other visible evidence of failure
thickness of the supporting ribs shall not be less than 0.098 in. when tested in accordance with 7.4.
(2.5 mm). 6.4 Impact Resistance—The minimum impact resistance of
[Link] The patterns, dimensions, and laying lengths of pipe and fittings, when tested at the time of manufacture, shall
Short-Pattern fittings shall meet the requirements of Specifica- comply with Table 4. Test in accordance with Test Method
tion F2135. D2444 using Tup C and Holder A for pipe and Tup A and

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 D2665 − 20
TABLE 1 Dimensions and Tolerances for Fitting Sockets for PVC Schedule 40 Drain, Waste and Vent Pipe Fittings

A B C E M
Nominal Socket Entrance Diameter Socket Bottom Diameter Internal Threads
Socket Wall
Pipe Average Tolerance Out-of Average Tolerance Out-of Outside Thread
Depth, thickness

iTeh Standards
Size on Avg. -Roundness on Avg. –Roundness Diameter of length
min min.A
Hub, M. min. min.
in. (mm)
1 1⁄ 4 1.675 +0.010/-0.005 0.024 1.655 ±0.005 0.024 0.687 0.156 1.871 0.687

1 1⁄ 2
(42.54)

1.915
([Link]
(+0.25/-0.13)

+0.010/-0.005
(0.61)

0.024
(42.04)

1.894
(±0.13)

±0.006
(0.61)

0.024
(17.44)

0.687
(3.96)

0.156
(47.52)

2.127
(17.44)

0.687

2
(48.64)

2.390
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(+0.25/-0.13)

+0.010/-0.005
(0.61)

0.024
(48.11)

2.369
(±0.15)

±0.006
(0.61)

0.024
(17.44)

0.750
(3.96)

0.156
(54.03)

2.634
(17.44)

0.750
(60.71) (+0.25/-0.13) (0.61) (60.17) (±0.15) (0.61) (19.05) (3.96) (66.90) (19.05)

3 3.520 +0.010/-0.005 ASTM D2665-20

0.030±0.008 3.492
0.030 1.500 0.219 3.841 1.187
(89.41) (+0.25/-0.13) (0.76)
(±0.20) (88.70)
(0.76) (38.10) (5.56) (97.56) (30.15)
[Link]
4 4.520 +0.010/-0.005 0.030 4.491 ±0.009 0.030 1.750 0.250 4.907 1.28
(114.8) (+0.25/-0.13) (0.76) (114.1) (±0.23) (0.76) (44.45) (6.35) (124.6) (32.54)

6 6.647 +0.015/-0.010 0.060 6.614 ±0.011 0.060 3.000 0.281 7.203 1.500
(168.8) (+0.38/-0.25) (1.52) (168.0) (±0.28) (1.52) (76.20 (7.14) (183.0) (38.10)

B B
8 8.655 +0.030/-0.000 0.090 8.610 ±0.015 0.090 4.000 0.328
(219.8) (+0.76/-0.00) (2.29) (218.7) (±0.38) (2.29) (101.6) (8.33)

B B
10 10.780 +0.025/-0.020 0.120 10.737 ±0.015 0.120 5.000 0.365
(273.8) (+0.64/-0.51) (3.05) (272.7) (±0.38) (3.04) (127.0) (9.28)

B B
12 12.780 +0.030/-0.025 0.150 12.736 ±0.015 0.150 6.000 0.406
(324.6) (+0.76/-0.64) (3.81) (323.5) (±0.38) (3.81) (152.4) (10.3)
A
The value for wall thickness shown in Table 1 is an averaged minimum. An averaged minimum is derived by adding two wall thicknesses that are directly opposite each
other and dividing the result by 2. The reason for an averaged minimum wall thickness is due to core shift which is a normal occurrence found in fittings that are injection
molded. When core shift occurs, the result is a pair of high and low wall thickness readings. The average of the high and the low wall thickness readings must equal or
exceed the averaged minimum value shown in Table 1. The low wall thickness reading shall not be more than 10 % below the averaged minimum value shown in Table
1. This applies to any point on the fitting (hub, body, or spigot). In cases where there is no opposite side (as in the case of a portion of the branch of a wye fitting) then
the single wall thickness reading shall not be more than 10 % below the averaged minimum value shown in Table 1.
B
Not applicable for these nominal sizes.

Holder B for fittings. Use a 12-lb (5-kg) tup for testing pipe For fittings larger than 4-in, a symmetric section cut from the
sizes 4 in. and smaller and a 20-lb (10-kg) tup for pipe larger hub or body with a minimum centerline length of 2 in. shall be
than 4 in. Test fittings with a 12 lb (5 kg) Tup. Test couplings permitted to be used rather than the entire fitting.
cemented to short pieces of pipe and allowed to dry for 24 h.

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 D2665 − 20
TABLE 2 Dimensions and Tolerances for Outside Diameters and Thicknesses of PVC Plastic Drain, Waste, and Vent Pipe
Outside Diameter Wall Thickness
Nominal Pipe Size Tolerance on Out-of-Roundness Tolerance
Average Minimum
Average (maximum minus minimum)

in. (mm)

1⁄14 1.660 (42.16) ±0.005 (0.13) 0.024 (0.61) 0.140 (3.56) +0.020 (0.51)
−0.000
1 1 ⁄2 1.900 (48.26) ±0.006 (0.15) 0.024 (0.61) 0.145 (3.68) +0.020 (0.51)
−0.000
2 2.375 (60.33) ±0.006 (0.15) 0.024 (0.61) 0.154 (3.91) +0.020 (0.51)
−0.000
3 3.500 (88.90) ±0.008 (0.20) 0.030 (0.76) 0.216 (5.49) +0.026 (0.66)
−0.000
4 4.500 (114.30) ±0.009 (0.23) 0.100(2.54) 0.237 (6.02) +0.028 (0.71)
−0.000
6 6.625 (168.28) ±0.011 (0.28) 0.100 (2.54) 0.280 (7.11) +0.034 (0.86)
−0.000
8 8.625 (219.08) ±0.015 (0.38) 0.150 (3.81) 0.322 (8.18) +0.039 (0.99)
−0.000
10 10.750 (273.05) ±0.015 (0.38) 0.150 (3.81) 0.365 (9.27) +0.044 (1.12)
−0.000
12 12.750 (323.85) ±0.015 (0.38) 0.150 (3.81) 0.406 (10.31) +0.049 (1.24)
−0.000
14 14.000 (355.60) ±0.015 (±0.38) 0.200 (5.08) 0.437 (11.1) +0.053 (1.35)
−0.000
16 16.000 (406.40) ±0.019 (±0.48) 0.320 (8.13) 0.500 (12.7) +0.060 (1.52)
−0.000
18 18.000 (457.20) ±0.019 (±0.48) 0.360 (9.20) 0.562 (14.27) +0.067 (1.71)
−0.000
20 20.000 (508.00) ±0.023 (±0.58) 0.400 (10.20) 0.593 (15.06) +0.071 (1.81)

24 24.000 (609.60) iTeh Standards

±0.031 (±0.79) 0.480 (12.20) 0.687 (17.45)
−0.000
+0.082 (2.09)
−0.000

([Link]
TABLE 3 Pipe Stiffness Requirements for PVC DWV PipeA TABLE 4 Impact Resistance of PVC Plastic Drain, Waste and Vent
Nominal Pipe Size,
in. Document Preview
Pipe Stiffness,
min, psi (kPa) Description
Pipe and Fittings
Impact Resistance, min.,
ft-lbf (J)
1 1⁄ 4 1400 (9650) 73 °F (23 °C)
1 1⁄ 2 ASTM D2665-20
1010 (6960) All pipe sizes 60 (81)
2 600 (4140)
[Link]
3 510 (3520) Fitting sizes and types 15 (20)
4 310 (2140) (larger than 2 in. nominal OD)
6 150 (1030)
8 100 (690) Fitting sizes and types 7.5 (10)
10 78 (530) (2 in. and smaller nonimal OD)
12 63 (430)
14 60 (415)
16 60 (415)
18 60 (415)
20 51 (350)
24 45 (315) 7. Test Methods
A
Measured at 5 % deflection. 7.1 Sampling—A sample of the pipe and fittings sufficient to
determine conformance with this specification shall be taken at
random from each lot or shipment. About 40 ft (12 m) of pipe
6.4.1 Test 10 specimens. When 9 or 10 specimens pass, are required to make the tests prescribed. The number of
accept the lot. When 2 or more specimens fail, test 10 fittings required varies depending on the size and type of
additional specimens. When 17 of 20 specimens tested pass, fitting.
accept the lot. When 4 or more of 20 specimens tested fail, test 7.1.1 Test Specimens—Not less than 50 % of the test speci-
20 additional specimens. When 32 of 40 specimens pass, mens required for any pressure test shall have at least a part of
accept the lot. When 9 or more of 40 specimens fail, the lot the marking in their central sections. The central section is that
does not meet the requirements of this specification. portion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away from
6.4.2 Failure in the test specimens shall be shattering or any an end closure.
crack or break extending entirely through the pipe wall and 7.2 Conditioning:
visible to the unaided eye. 7.2.1 For referee purposes, condition the specimens prior to
6.4.3 Bushings increasers and closet flanges are exempt test at 73.4 6 3.6 °F (23 6 2 °C) and 50 6 10 % relative
from this requirement. humidity in accordance with Practice D618, Procedure A.

4
 D2665 − 20
7.2.2 For routine quality control testing, condition the speci- 6.3.2. For calculation of pipe stiffness, refer to the Calculation
mens at the temperature and humidity of the manufacturers Section and the Appendix of Test Method D2412. Calculate the
testing facility for not less than 1 h or until the specimens are values for each specimen separately. Examine the results for
at the room temperature. each specimen of pipe for conformance to the requirements of
7.3 Test Conditions: Table 3.
7.3.1 For referee purposes, conduct tests in the standard 7.5 Threads—All taper pipe threads shall be gaged in
laboratory atmosphere of 73.4 6 3.6 °F (23 6 2 °C) and 50 6 accordance with Specification F1498.
10 % relative humidity.
8. Retest and Rejection
7.3.2 For routine control testing, conduct tests at the room
temperature and humidity of the manufacturers testing area. 8.1 If the results of any test(s) do not meet the requirements
of this specification, the test(s) shall be conducted again only
7.4 Pipe Stiffness, Deflection Load, and Flattening— by agreement between the purchaser and the seller. Under such
Measure the pipe stiffness, the flattening of pipe and the agreement, minimum requirements shall not be lowered,
deflection load of fittings in accordance with Test Method changed, or modified, nor shall specification limits be changed.
D2412. In the test for pipe, note the load when the initial If, upon retest, failure occurs, the quantity of product repre-
diameter is reduced 5 % (pipe stiffness). Continue test until the sented by the test(s) does not meet the requirements of this
diameter is deflected by 60 % of its original value (flattening). specification.
The rate of head approach shall be a minimum of 0.5 in./min
(12.5 mm/min). In case of disagreement, the referee test speed 9. Product Marking
shall be 0.50 6 0.02 in./min (12.5 6 0.05 mm/min). 9.1 Pipe—The pipe shall be marked in letters not less than
7.4.1 Pipe—Three specimens, each 6 6 1⁄4 in. (150 6 3 3⁄16 in. (5 mm) high, in a contrasting color, and shall at least
mm) long, shall be tested. The ends shall be cut square and free consist of the manufacturer’s name or trademark, the designa-
of burrs and jagged edges. Each specimen shall meet the tion ASTM D2665, the nominal pipe size, the symbol PVC,
requirements of 6.3.1. and the symbol DWV, spaced at intervals of not more than 5 ft
7.4.2 Fittings—Test three complete fittings. Each specimen (1.5 m).
iTeh Standards
shall meet the requirement of 6.3.2. Shim fittings to give full
centerline contact with platens. Fittings having nonuniform NOTE 4—It is common practice to dual mark Schedule 40 DWV and
potable water piping in which compliance with each applicable standard

([Link]
diameters, such as reducers, shall be considered acceptable
when the wall thickness at all points is equal to or greater than
the wall thickness of pipe of the same material and diameter
is met. This is NOT an acceptable practice when external recycled
material is used in the manufacture of the pipe.

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9.2 Fittings—Fittings shall be marked on the body or hub
that meets the crush resistance requirements. with the manufacturer’s name or trademark, and the symbol
7.4.3 Procedure—Terminate the test when the diameter of PVC.
pipe test specimens is reduced to 40 % of its original value or
the pipe cracks or shows other evidence of visible ASTM 10. Quality Assurance
D2665-20
failure.
Terminate the test on fittings when the load reaches 750 lbf/ft 10.1 When the product is marked with this designation,
[Link]
(11 kN/m) of centerline length. Observe the load and deflection D2665, the manufacturer affirms that the product was
at the first evidence of cracking, if any. Record location and manufactured, inspected, sampled, and tested in accordance
type of failure. with this specification and has been found to meet the
7.4.4 Calculations—For pipe, divide the load at failure requirements of this specification.
(flattening) if such occurred, by the length of the pipe test
specimen to obtain the flattening resistance. Express results in 11. Keywords
N/m or lbf/ft. Calculate the values for each specimen of pipe 11.1 DWV; fittings; pipe; plastic; PVC; Schedule 40; ther-
and fittings for conformance to the requirements of 6.3.1 and moplastic