11/09/2024

Forces and
Motion
EdExcel iGCSE 9-1 Physics topic 1

For Grade 9
By, Ms. Shabeena
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Unit 1 – FORCES AND

MOTION

1.1 – Movement and Position

Learning objectives:
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Speed
It is the ratio of distance covered by an object with
respect to the time.

Speed = Distance / time

Speedometers in the car changes from instant to

instant as the accelerator or break is used.
They show the instantaneous speed of the cars.
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Average speed (symbol = v)

Speed = distance (in metres)
time (in seconds)

Units of speed = m/s

= Km/h (kph)
= cm/s
= m/h (miles/hour)

Remember: Exam questions should be in metric

so ‘m’ – metres (not mile)
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Rearranging the speed

V=s÷t

S=vxt

t=s÷v
 Distance (s), Speed
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(v), and Time (t) s

Speed = distance (in metres)
time (in seconds)
v t
You are expected to learn this equation!!!

1) Will walks 200 metres in 40 seconds. What is his

5m/s
speed?
2) Ruby covers 2km in 1,000 seconds. What is her speed? 2m/s
3) How long would it take Sophie to run 100 metres if she
runs at 10m/s? 10s
4) Aaron runs to the shop to buy Fifa 19 and travels at
50m/s for 20s. How far does he go? 1000m
5) Taylor drives her car at 85mph (about 40m/s). How
long does it take her to drive 20km? 500s
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Distance, Speed and

Time (advanced) s

Speed = distance (in metres)

time (in seconds) v t
1) Eliza walks 2000m in 50 minutes. What is her speed in 0.67m/s
m/s?

2) Archie tries to walk the same distance at a speed of 400s

5m/s. How long does he take?

3) David drives at 60mph (about 100km/h) for 3 hours. How 300km

far has he gone?

4) The speed of sound in air is 330m/s. Isobel shouts at a

mountain and hears the echo 3 seconds later. How far 495m
away is the mountain? (Careful!)
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Distance-time graphs
2) Horizontal line 4) Diagonal line
40
=stopped downwards
=deceleration
30
Distance
(metres) 20

10 Time/s

0
20 40 60 80 100
1) Diagonal line = 3) Steeper diagonal line =
steady speed acceleration
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40

30
Distance
(metres)
20

10
Time/s
0
20 40 60 80 100

1) What is the speed during the first 20 seconds? 0.5m/s

2) How far is the object from the start after 60 seconds? 40m
3) What is the speed during the last 40 seconds? 1m/s
4) When was the object travelling the fastest? 40-60s
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G B
30 N
Distance
(metres)
20

10

Y Time/s
0
20 40 60 80 100
1) Who was travelling the fastest?

2) Who was travelling the slowest (but still moving)?

3) Who didn’t move?

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30
Distance
(metres)
20

10
Time/s
0
20 40 60 80 100
1) What was the velocity in the first 20 seconds? 1.5m/s
2) What was the velocity between 20 and 40 seconds? 0.5m/s
3) When was this person travelling the fastest? 80-100s

4) What was the average speed for the first 40 seconds? 1m/s
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40

30
Distance
(metres)
20

10
Time/s
0
20 40 60 80 100

1) What is the speed during the first 20 seconds? 2m/s

2) How far is the object from the start after 50 seconds? 35m
3) What is the speed during the last 40 seconds? 0.25m/s
4) When was the object standing still? 20-40s
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Difference between speed and

velocity
 Speed vs. Velocity 11/09/2024

Speed is simply how fast you are travelling…

This car is travelling at a

speed of 20m/s

Velocity is “speed in a given direction”…

This car is travelling at a

velocity of 20m/s east
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Acceleration
V-U
Acceleration = change in velocity (in m/s)
(in m/s2) time taken (in s) A T

Time = t
Acceleration = a
Change in velocity = v – u
v = final velocity
u = initial velocity
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Acceleration
V-U
Acceleration = change in velocity (in m/s)
(in m/s2) time taken (in s)
A T
You need to learn this equation!!

1) A cyclist accelerates from 0 to 10m/s in 5 seconds. 2m/s2

What is her acceleration?

2) A ball is dropped and accelerates downwards at a rate of

10m/s2 for 5 seconds. How fast will it be going? 50m/s

3) A car accelerates from 0 to 20m/s with an acceleration

of 2m/s2. How long did this take?
10s
4) A rocket accelerates from 0m/s to 5,000m/s in 2
seconds. What is its acceleration? 2500m/s2
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Deceleration
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Velocity-time graphs
1) Steep line =
High acceleration
80 4) Downward line =
(-a) deceleration
60
Velocity
m/s 40

20

0 T/s
10 20 30 40 line50
3) Upwards =
2) Horizontal line = Constant/low
constant speed acceleration
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Finding the gradient/ slope:
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Slope = y2 –y1 / x2- x1

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80

60
Velocity
m/s 40

20
T/s
0
10 20 30 40 50

This velocity-time graph shows Sonny’s journey to school.

How far away does he live?

2200m
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80

60
Velocity
m/s 40
A=lxb
20
A = 1/2xbxh
A = 1/2xbxh T/s
0
10 20 30 40 50

This velocity-time graph shows Sonny’s journey to school.

How far away does he live?

2200m
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80

60
Velocity
m/s 40

20
T/s
0
10 20 30 40 50
1) How fast was the object going after 10 seconds? 40m/s
2) What is the acceleration from 20 to 30 seconds? 2m/s2
3) What was the deceleration from 30 to 50s? 3m/s2
4) How far did the object travel altogether? 1700m
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80

60
Velocity
m/s 40

20
A = 1/2xbxh
T/s
0
10 20 30 40 50
This velocity-time graph shows Sunny’s journey to school.
Calculate the distance travelled by him in the first 10
seconds?
Distance covered in 10 s = 1/2XbXh
= 1/2X 10 X 80 = 400m
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80

60
Velocity
m/s 40
A=lxb
20
A = 1/2xbxh
T/s
0
10 20 30 40 50
This velocity-time graph shows Sunny’s journey to school. Calculate
the distance travelled by him in the last 20 seconds?
Distance covered in last 20 s = (l X b) + (1/2XbXh)
= (40 X 10) + (1/2X 10 X 40) = 400m + 200m
=600m
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Another equation of motion
For a constantly-accelerating body, we can also use this
equation:

v2 = u2 + 2as
1) An object starts from rest and accelerates at
a rate of 2m/s2 over a distance of 20m. What 8.9m/s
is its final velocity?
2) Aaron drives up the M1 and covers 30km. He
started at 2m/s and constantly accelerated 8m/s
during the whole journey at a rate of
0.001m/s2. What was his final speed?
3) (Harder!) Rachael decelerates from 30 to
10m/s over a distance of 5m. What is her -80m/s2
acceleration?
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Assignment

Solve textbook exercise Pg 16-17

Answer key is uploaded on google

classroom.