ILOCOS SUR POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

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MODUL

FOULS AND VIOLATIONS IN BASKETBALL

At the end of the lesson, you are expected to:

 discuss fouls and violations in basketball
 identify the fouls and violations in basketball
 demonstrate the fouls and violations in basketball

VIOLATIONS

A violation is an infraction of the rules. An infringement of the rules, which does not involve contact.

The basketball basic rules include numerous ball handling and time violations that cause a team to lose
possession of the ball. Here are some common violations:

1. Back-court Violation – Teams will have ten seconds to cross the half court line. Once the ball has been
established across the half court line (both feet and the ball), it is a violation to cross back over into the back
court. Penalty: Turnover.
2. Three seconds violation: An offensive player cannot be inside of or in contact with the free throw lane for more
than three seconds while the ball is in his/her team's front court. Penalty: Turnover.
3. 5-Seconds Violation (Inbounding): A player must inbound the basketball within five seconds after the referee
hands it to them to avoid a turnover. Penalty: Turnover.
4. 5-Seconds Violation (Offensive): An offensive player must pass, shoot or dribble the basketball within five
seconds if being guarded by a defensive player who is within arm’s reach. Penalty: Turnover.
5. 10/8-Seconds Violation: Players must advance the basketball over the mid-court line within 10 seconds to
avoid a turnover.
6. seconds, or dribbles the ball for more than five seconds then a violation will be called. Penalty: Turnover.
7. Kicking: Kicking the ball is a violation only when it is an intentional act; accidentally striking the ball with the foot
or leg is not a violation.
8. Free Throw Violation
o Players wishing to occupy the marked lane spaces must do so quickly, and must alternate lane spaces
if the opponents wish to occupy the space nearest them. These players may enter the lane as soon as
the ball has touched the rim and/or backboard.
o Any player other than the free thrower, who does not occupy a marked lane space, must be behind the
free throw line extended and behind the three-point line. These players may not enter this area until the
ball has touched the rim and/or backboard.
o The thrower must not touch the free throw line. He/she cannot fake a try and must release the ball
within 10 seconds.
9. Throw-in Violation
o The thrower shall not leave the designated throw in spot until the ball has crossed the plane of the
boundary, except on the baseline after a made basket. Penalty: Turnover.
o The thrower must pass the ball into the court within five seconds of the start of a throw in. Penalty:
Turnover.
o The thrower may step on but not over the sideline.
Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas
Descriptive Title: TEAM SPORTS Gmail:
[email protected]
ILOCOS SUR POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

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o The opponent of the thrower cannot reach through the throw in boundary plane and foul the thrower.
Penalty: Intentional Foul.
o The opponent of the thrower cannot reach through the throw in boundary plane and touch or dislodge
the ball. Penalty: Technical Foul.
o The opponent of the thrower cannot cross the end line or its imaginary plane. This is a delay of game.
The team should be warned on the first offense and then penalized with a technical foul on each
subsequent offense.
10. Out of Bounds
o Includes the sidelines and endlines, the floor and objects outside of these lines. The boundary lines are
out of court. This includes structures, supports, the back of the backboard, lights and overhangs. It does
NOT include the edges (sides, top and bottom) of the backboard.
o It is only a violation if a player steps out-of-bounds and then is the first player to touch it after coming
back inbounds.
o If a player has the ball and steps out-of-bounds, it’s a turnover and the other team gets the ball.
11. Double dribble: A player may not make a second dribble after completing a dribble. A player may dribble again
after a shot is attempted, the ball is batted away by an opponent, a pass or fumble is touched by another player.
12. Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is traveling. Moving your pivot
foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
13. Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of or, sometimes, even
under the ball.
14. Palming
When a player dribbles the basketball in a manner that has their palm too far to the side or underneath the
basketball.
15. Goaltending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down toward the basket, while it's
on the way up toward the basket after having touched the backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim,
it's goaltending and the shot counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a violation and the ball is awarded
to the opposing team for a throw-in.
16. Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball. If he does not, then the
ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include the rule that a player cannot have the ball for
more than five seconds when being closely guarded. As well, in girls’ basketball the offensive team has 8 sec. to
cross center & the boys have 10 sec. Once a team has possession of the ball, they have 24 sec (girls) or 30
sec. (boys) to shoot the ball.

Penalty
The penalty situation, also known as the bonus, is a situation where a team will get additional free throws on
every foul committed by the other team.
 If the violation is committed by an offensive player, no points can be awarded. The

ball shall be awarded to the opponents for a throw-in from the free-throw line extended, unless otherwise stated in these
rules.
 If the violation is committed by a defensive player, the offensive team is awarded:
 1 point, if the ball was released for a free throw.
 2 points, if the ball was released from the 2-point field goal area.
 3 points, if the ball was released from the 3-point field goal area.
The awarding of the points is considered as if the ball had entered the basket.
 If the goaltending is committed by a defensive player during a last free throw, 1 point
shall be awarded to the offensive team, followed by a technical foul penalty charged on the defensive player.
Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas
Descriptive Title: TEAM SPORTS Gmail:
[email protected]
ILOCOS SUR POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

Tagudin
Campus
MODUL

FOULS
A foul is an infraction of the rules concerning illegal personal contact with an opponent and/or unsportsmanlike
behavior.
Any number of fouls may be called on a team. Irrespective of the penalty, each foul shall be charged, entered
on the scoresheet on the offender and penalized according to these rules.

1. Personal Foul: Illegal contact on an opponent whether the ball is alive or dead. A player shall not hold, block, push,
charge, trip or impede the progress of an opponent by extending his hand, arm, elbow, shoulder, hip, leg, knee or foot
not by bending his body into an ‘abnormal’ position (outside his cylinder), nor shall he indulge in and rough or violent
play.
 Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two free throws if his shot
doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.
 Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point goal and they miss their
shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw.
Thus, he could score four points on the play.
 Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was committed upon. They get the
ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
 Bonus – awarded to a team after their opponent commits 5 fouls in a quarter. 2 shots are awarded
2. Unsportsmanlike Foul. A personal foul that is not a legitimate attempt to play the ball or causes excessive contact
on an opponent with or without the ball.
Below are the five criteria of the Unsportsmanlike Foul:
(C1) Not a legitimate attempt to directly play the ball within the spirit and intent of the rules.
(C2) Excessive, hard contact caused by a player in an effort to play the ball or an opponent
(C3) An unnecessary contact caused by the defensive player in order to stop the progress of the offensive team in
transition.
(C4) Contact by the defensive player from behind or laterally on an opponent in an attempt to stop the fast break and
there is no defensive player between the offensive player and the opponent’s basket. This applies until the offensive
player begins his act of shooting.
 Penalty: if the foul is committed on a player not in the act of shooting = 2 free throws. For a player in the act of
shooting they are awarded 2 free throws for a field goal attempt or 3 free throws for a 3-point attempt. For a
player in the act of shooting, if they made the basket, the score counts and they are awarded 1 further free
throw. The free throws are followed by a throw in at the center line extended opposite the scorer’s table.
3. Disqualifying Foul. Any flagrant unsportsmanlike action by a player or team bench personnel
A player shall be disqualified for the remainder of the game when:
o he is charged with 2 unsportsmanlike
o he is charged with 2 technical fouls
o he is charged with 1 technical foul and 1 unsportsmanlike foul
A coach shall be disqualified for the remainder of the game when:
o He is charged with 2 technical fouls as a result of his personal unsportsmanlike behavior
o He is charged with 3 technical fouls, either all of them as a result of unsportsmanlike behavior of his bench
personnel or one of them as a result of his personal unsportsmanlike behavior
4. Technical foul. A technical foul is a non-contact foul of a behavioral nature including, but not limited to:
disrespectfully communicating with the officials, using language or gestures likely to offence or incite spectators, delay
of game, hanging on the ring or goaltending (defensive) during free throws.
 Penalty: the opponents are awarded 1 free throw followed by a throw-in at the center line extended opposite
the scorer’s table.
 Technical fouls on players DO count as team fouls. Technical fouls against a coach or any of his team personnel
DO NOT count as team fouls

Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Descriptive Title: TEAM SPORTS Gmail:
[email protected]
ILOCOS SUR POLYTECHNIC STATE COLLEGE

Tagudin
Campus
MODUL
Types of Personal fouls
 Holding
 Illegal personal contact with an opponent that interferes with his freedom of movement. This contact
can occur with any part of the body
 Pushing
 Illegal personal contact with any part of the body where a player forcibly moves or attempts to move an
opponent with or without the ball
 Illegal use of hands
 Occurs when the defensive player is in a guarding position and his hands or arms are placed upon and
remains in contact with an opponent with or without the ball, to impede his movement.
 Blocking/Illegal Screen
 When a player causes contact that impedes the progress of an opponent. This usually occurs when a
player fails to gain or maintain a legal guarding position and stops the player with the body or legs.
Blocking also includes illegal screens that impedes the progress of an opponent. Illegal screening
occurs when a player who is screening an opponent was moving when contact occurred.
 Charging
 When the player with the ball forcibly pushes (or moves) into an opponent’s torso who is in a legal
guarding position.
 Elbowing
 When a player excessively swings their elbows and hits another player.
When judging a charging foul consider the following:
 The defensive player must establish a legal guarding position (the defense does not have to be stationary for a
charge to be called)
 The defensive player may remain stationary, jump vertically, move laterally or backwards to maintain his/her
legal guarding position.
 Contact must be on the torso (body)
5. Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no reasonable effort to steal the ball.
It is a judgment call for the officials.

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Course Code: PE 104 Instructor: Mariane C. Tacderas

Descriptive Title: TEAM SPORTS Gmail:
[email protected]