CLASSIFICATION OF MANAGERIAL FEATURES

 PODSCRB Planning

 PODSCORB Organizing

Directing

Staffing

Coordinating

Reporting

Budgeting
 Planning Innovating
 Organising Representing
 Directing
 Controlling
WHY PLANNING?
 Decides the objective of the task
 Setting goals
 Assigning work to every division of the
organization
 Planning may be of shorter periods or long term
projects.
 Ex: class time table is also part of planning
where all the subjects are allotted to take place
in a specified duration.
IN SHORT:

 Planning is finding the proper answers for

questions like
How Who
Why

Where
When What
ORGANIZING

 "Organising is the process of identifying and

grouping the work to be performed defining
and delegating responsibility and authority, and
establishing relationships for the purpose of
enabling people to work most effectively
together in accomplishing objectives.
 By Louis Allen
IN AN ORGANIZATION
 Get the people together to work. Arranging people
to work is referred to as staffing. Each Job is
assigned by a manager to a proper person
 There should always be an alternative for people
retiring, dying, continuously leaving and for many
other reasons.
 The necessary positions must be filled.
 Arrange for proper resources
 Provide necessary tools and raw materials
 While organizing it should be properly thought
what type of organization to be formed.
 Ex: Organizations for scientific research is
different from manufacturing bicycles.
DIRECTING
Counselling

Guiding
Communicatin
g

Motivating
 Manager explains what people working under him
must do
 Manager must guide in such a way that workers
should put their efforts efficiently and give their
best with loyalty to their organization (Enterprise)
 Financial motivation in terms of salary, incentives
and non financial motivation in terms of job
security can be assured to workers.
 Efforts put by employees are put together to reflect
a better image of the environment.
CONTROLLING

 Three elements of controlling

1. Establishing standards of performance

2. Measuring Current performance and

comparing it against the established
standards
3. Taking action to correct any performance that
does not meet the standards.
WHY CONTROLLING IS A MUST?

 It is a measure of progress of an organization

 Assurance of right things happening in a right
time
 If the task does not meet the standards, it
helps in taking corrective actions.
WHAT IS BEING GOAL ORIENTED??

 Be focused, Because your existence matters.

MANAGEMENT IS UNIVERSAL

 It is the most common and essential element in

all enterprises.
 Principals of management are applicable to all
the organizations and organizational levels.
 Management is not restricted to a country or an
individual. It is transferrable.
MANAGEMENT IS AN INTEGRATIVE PROCESS

 Every smallest job of an organization can be

brought together
 As management is a result oriented process,
integrating the performance at every level is
necessary.
 It reflects the coordination of every individual in
an organization.
MANAGEMENT IS A SOCIAL PROCESS

 Better interaction with people

 Being productive

 Human efforts are of utmost importance

 Manager should be a good leader and develop

good interpersonal skills.
 In terms of management we also call it soft
skills.
BETTER CONNECTIVITY GROWTH
MANAGEMENT IS MULTIDISCIPLINARY

 Multiple areas and departments

 It basically deals with human behavior

 Knowledge from various fields is a must.

MANAGEMENT IS A CONTINUOUS PROCESS

 Manufacture, Assess, Package and deliver

MANAGEMENT IS INTANGIBLE

 Quality evaluation without the physical

presence of the product.
 Cost is difficult to determine

 Ex: Software products, Mobile apps etc

MANAGEMENT IS AN ART AS WELL AS SCIENCE

 Management is a combination of gaining

knowledge and perceiving the deserving place.
Knowledge describes management as science
and skills required to attain a deserved position
is an art.
 EX: a question “How??” and “WHY??”
 “Why” the process is taking place?? Is
SCIENCE
 “How” the process is carried out is part of an
ART.
MANAGEMENT AS SCIENCE

1. Every research starts with an inquiry. If an

inquiry is systematic and empirical (scientific
proof)
2. Information can be ordered or analyzed
3. Results are cumulative and communicable
 Management is an  A word science denotes
attempt to gain knowledge as
knowledge but do not  1. Natural or exact
depend on personal  2. Behavioural or inexact
opinion and pre-
judgement.
 Inquiry to gain knowledge Management is a behavioural
is empirical and not science.
armchair speculation. (It
means talking about the
topic without having a
knowledge about that.)
WHY MANAGEMENT IS AN ART?

 “How” is part of an
inquiry which explains
management is an ART.
 Skill is involved in the
process.
 Ex: A painter seeks
desired effect with  Musician composes a
colours using his own song with his skills.
skills Both examples belong to ART as there is an
application of the skill.
MANAGEMENT AS PROFESSION

 What is code of conduct?

 What is service motive?

 Have you ever heard about MumBai’s

Dabbawala’s?
 What do they do? How do they work?

 They are more than Catereres. One of the best

organizations in India.
MCFARLAND (AN AUTHOR)

 Characteristics of profession
12 INDIAN INSTITUTES OF MANAGEMENT IN
INDIA
 Ahemdabad
 Bangalore
 Luckhnow
 Kolkota
 Indore
 Shillong
 Ranchi
 Rohtak
 Raipur
 Udaipur
 Tiruchinapally
 Kojhikode
PETER DRUCKER IS AN AUTHOR OF PRACTICE
OF MANAGEMENT SAYS:
 No greater damage could be done to our
economy or to our society than to attempt to
professionalise management by licensing
manager” Ex: licensing only to those with
degree
IN SUPPORT OF HIS VIEWS
VS
MANAGEMENT AND ADMINISTRATION
 MANAGEMENT

ADMINISTRATIVE
OPERATIVE MANAGEMENT
MANAGEMENT
LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT
 Workforce: foreman and white collar superviser

 Middle level: Department head, sales

manaegers

 Top level: board chairmen and company heads.

 What are the functions of
 1. Top level management

 2. Middle level management

 3. Supervisory level of management??

PLANNING

▪ Nature
▪ Importance
▪ purpose of planning process
▪ Objectives
▪ Types of plans
PLANNING
 Planning: It is the scientific direction to managers
by which objectives will be met with ease.
1. minimizes the risk, reduces uncertainties
surrounding business conditions.
2. Increases the degree of success
3. It establishes Co-ordinate effort in the
organization.
4. It helps managers to organize people & resources
properly. While planning - managerial function
should be performed first.
 Nature or characteristics of planning
 1. Focus in objectives: Plan starts with a goal setting, to think when an investment is
made on procurement of materials.
Being aware of the economic conditions is necessary.
Ex: Think about when will you invest in the share market?
Think about
When? How?
And On what to invest??
 2. It is an intellectual process: The intellectual process requires mental exercise, fore
suing future developments, making forecasts & the determination of the best course
of action.
 3. Planning is a selective process: It involves careful study of analysis of various
alternative courses of action. For alternatives to decide & make decision it requires
to know what is to be done. How it is done, when it is to be done & by whom it is
done.
 4. Planning is pervasive: which is an activity to cover all the levels of enterprise.

 5. Planning is integrated process: The managerial functions & facilities other

managerial functions like organizing, staffing, directing & control.
 6. Planning is directed towards efficiency: Planning
is foundation.
 7. Planning is flexible: Planning should be
adaptable to the changes in the environment
 8. First function in the process of management:
 9. It is a decision making process: Decision
making is an integral part of planning; it is defined
as the process of choosing among alternatives.
 10. It is a continuous process: Constant
monitoring of plans for the progress of
organization.
 Essentials of Good plan
 1. Clearly defined objective.

 2. Simple

 3. Comprehensive

 4. It should be rationale & appropriate.

 5. It should provide proper analysis &

classification
 6. It must be flexible.
 7. Balanced

 8. It must use all available resources &

opportunities to the utmost before creating
new authorities of new resources.
 9. It should be flue from social & psychological
biases of the planners as well as subordinates.
 10. These should be proper co-ordination
among short term & long term plans.
PLANNING PROCESS

 1. Awareness of opportunities of problems:

 2. Collecting & analyzing information

 3. Determination of objectives:

 4. Determining planning premises &

constraints
 5. Finding out the alternative courses action

 6. Evaluation of alternatives & selection

 7. Determining secondary plans
 8. Securing participation of employees.

 9. Providing for follow up & future evaluation

 Types of plans Planning can be classified in
different forms.
 1. Time

 2. Managerial level

 3. Repetitiveness of operations in firm

 4. Scope.