‘Understanding paracal verbe Verbs with two particles 150 i cee Gi Explanations + Verbs are often followed by particles like back off through, up, ete (the word (particle means adverb or preposition). Sometimes both verb and particle keve their cormal aicaaiag. At other times there is a aew meaning when they are put together. Compare: Can you bring up the radio from downctaire? (normal meaning) She hae brought wp two childron on her own. (aew meaning = look after antl ads) ‘The term: ‘plaracal verb’ ic veed for the second cass, where the verb + particle together hee « special meeaing. Phrasal verbs are commoa ia informal English. + Often one phrasal verd can have several different meanings and the correct one is only clear fiom the context. + ‘There are four typee of phrasal verbs, These are covered in Grammer 26 and 27. Gaommar 26: * phrasal verbs with two particles + phrosel verbo with one particle; there uct be aa object; the ppaiticle is inzeperable, Geommar 27: + phrasal verbs mith one perticle; there aust be aa object; the particle can be separated from the verb. + phrasal verbs with one particle; there is ao object. A selection of plrasal verbs is listed heve with examples. Others, and other meanings of those fisted here, are included in the Practice section, ‘Most of the verbs in the lst need an object, and the object can only come at the fend (so the verbs are inseparable), Tim tooking forward to my holidays Bot some veits are msuked with an asterisk *, With these verbs there is aucther form: there is a0 object, and the final particle is not used. ve dectied 10 cut down on smoking. Tve dectded fo cut down. Cot down on* “Ive decided t9 ent down on cmoking. (ceduce the amount of) Cote op with? Thay are too far cheod for uz to catch mp with them. (seach the same plece ») Come op againet “Tm ofiaid wove come up against a problem we can't zolve (mest, find) Come up with Have you come np with an answer yet? (think of)sitive able GRAMMAR 26 PHRASAL VERBS 1 Drop in on* I dropped in on Bill and Sheila on my way home. (visit for a short time) Face up to ‘You must face up to reelity! (accept, deal with) Feel up to ‘You must feel up to going to work. (have the strength and energy to do) Get away with, Jack stole the money and got away sith it (do something bad and not be punished) Get along/on with* Do you get along/on with your new boss? (have good relations with) Get on with ‘Stop talking and get on with your work! (continue with) Get out of J managed to get out of working late. (avoid a responsibility) Get round to J haven't got rand to decorating yet (find time to do) Get up to What has young Bill been getting up to? (do something bad) Go in for Do youge in for sailing? (have ac a hobby) Grow out of Julie has grown out of playing with doll. (become too old for) Keep up with* You're going too fast! Ican't keep up with you! (stay in the same place as) Leok down oa Our neighbours Took down on anyone without a car. (feel superior to) Look up to J really look up to my teacher. (xespect) Look forward to We are looking forward to our holiday. (think we will enjoy) Make up for This wonderful dinner made up for the bad service. (compensate for) Pot vp with I can't put up with these screaming children! (accept without complaiting) Run out of Oh dear, we've run out of petrol! (have no more of) Stand up for ‘You must learn to stand up for yourself! (defend) ‘These phrasal verbs take an object, aud the object must come after the particle, Treannot go between the verb and the particle I love coffee. I can't do without it in the morning! (NOT do it without) 131FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE 132 As afer Jim asked afer you yesterday. (ash for news 0 Call for 1M call fer sou ot st. (Come to your house and collect you) call on Tclled en some friends in Pymouth. (sit fora shost tise) Come across oe came weress this old patting tn the atte. (Gind by chance) Come inte Suc came into a large sam of money. (inherit) Coat on Tin counting on you to help me. (depend on) Deol with How can we deal with the rafie problem? (take action to solve 2 problem) Do without We'l have 10 do without ¢ holiday this year. (manage without having) Get at Whet are you getong at? (ouggest) Get over Bam has ot over bis illness now. (eocowver from) Go over Lets go over ourplan once more. (discuss the details) Join in Try to ji in te esson as mach as you can. (take part in, contribute to) Live on They lve on the money her father stves them. (have 2s income) Look inte ‘The government is looking into the problem. (investigate) Look round Lets Took round the town today. (look at everything) Make for Where are you making for exactly? (go in the direction of) Pick on My teacher is always picking on me. (choose 2 person to punish) Run into 1 ran into Sieve in the supermarket yesterday (meet by chance) See about Well have 10 see about getting you an five (make arrangements) See to (Cam you see ro me dogs Jwod? (attend to, take care of) Stand for T won't stand for such rudeness! (tolerate) Andress is standing for parliament. (be a candicate for) Take after Helen takes after her mother. (have the same characteristics as)GRAMMAR 26 PHRASAL VERBS + Rewnte each sentence so that it contains the phrasal verb in brackets. You may have to change the form a) Sony, but I havent found time to fix your bike yet. (get round to) gotroundtofixing yourbikeyet . . . we 1) Ob bother, we don't have any milk lef. (run ont of) ©) It took me a long time to recover from my illness. (get over) 4) Julie must be too old to bite her nails. (gow out of) ) I think we've found an answer to the problem (come up with) £) [don't think Tm well enough to play football today. (feel up to) g) Ann is someone I really respect. (look up to) 1b) T nmust arrange to have the kitchen painted. (ee about) 4) Please help me. I'm relying on you. (count on) 4) Peter is just like his father! (take affes)FIRST CERTIFICATE LANGUAGE PRACTICE ‘Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the fist ‘sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between two and five words. including the word given, 4) Quite by chance, Brenda met Philip at the station. Brenda, van 1b) Youll just have to leara to accept the facts! face ‘Yout just, she facts ©) How caa you beer co much traffic noize? pat ‘How can you, sraftic noise? {6) Chatles cheated in his exams, and didn't get caught, Charles cheated in hie exams, end, it ©) I visited a faw friends while I was in Manchester. called 1 while Twas in Manchester 8) Whot are you trying to say? getting what. a g) I must go to the dentist, and get my teeth taken care of Tmust go to the deatict 10. Complete each sentence with one of the words from the box. across against é@ in into on round to up with 2) Tl send someone to call... fori... the parcel on Thursdey. 1b) Youll have to work hard to keep. with the rest of the clase ©) Jean didn't expect to come up such difficulties. ©) Wes not fais. You've always picking me. ©) Tesry cong the first verse aad thea everyoae joined, 2) Teame ous of your aovele in a eacoad hand bookshop. 2) I'm not interested in buying anything T'm just looking, 2) Don't you think the manager should deal shis problem? i) George came, a lot of money when his uncle died, 43) You look very guilty! What have you been getting up. 2GRAMMAR 25 PHRASAL VERES 1 Complete each sentence with the most suitable word or phrase. a) The weather was fine, and everyone was..u...B........the coast A) going in for B) making for C) joining in D) seeing about ‘b) How much money do you manage ta 2 A) come into B) go in for C) deal with D) live on ©) There isn't any sugar, Im affaid. Youll have ta A) mnout B) putup with C) do without D) make for 4) Iwas passing their house, so I (Claire and Michael. A) dropped in on B) came up with C) got on with D) ran into €) Idon't really, awinter sports very much. A) deal with B) face up to C) go in for D) get rouad to 1) Losing my job was a great shock, but I think Im, it A) seeing to B) putting up with C) standing for D) getting over 2) Sheila's gone to, having a new phone installed. A) see about B) deal with C) get round to D) ask after h) Ive had to .a lot of insulting behaviour fom you! A) look down on B) put up with C) stand up for) get on with i) The hotel was terrible, but the wonderful beach, our disappointment. A) got over B) faced up to C) saw to D) made up for 4) Tack has desided to, the time he spends watching television. A) mun out of B) see to C) cut down on D) come up with 155,Choose the most suitable ending for each sentence. Note that some of the phrasal verbs have a different meaning to the one given in the Explanations section a) [cas't put up with...B. |A) you if you should come to London. 8B) people who smoke all the time ©) the plates onto the top abelf 'b) The chairperson of the committee then called on Tony. A) but his line was engaged. B) to make a speech in reply. C) so that his voice could be heard above the crowd. c) Mary has been chosen to staad for. A) the bad behaviour of her colleagues. B) herself in future. ©) Parlisment in the next election. 4) Afer my holidays it take: me a few days to catch up with, |A) the people ruaning in front of me. B) all the news I've missed. ©) a really bad cold ) Small children soon grow out of. A) their shoes. B) all the good food they eat. C) the habits they have when they get older. 1) Ive decided to go in for, |A) eating frit for breakfast. B) a few days rect ia the couatry. ©) a photography competition in Photographer's Weeki: 2) Um afiaid that our plans to open a new factory have sun into, |A) some old friends. B) a tree by the side of the road ©) a few unexpected difficulties. 1b) We find that this type of tyre makes for, |A) safer driving in wet weather. B) the fist place it can stop, ©) all emaller types of ears. 4) I saw my old friend Joba last week. I couldn't get over, A) my cold before I saw him, though. B) near enough to talk to him though. ©) how young he locked. i) Here people are only worried about keeping up with. |A) others who are faster. B) late-night television programmes. ©) the Joneses.