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Many people are encouraged to walk as a means to transportation (Figliozzi &
Tipagornwong, 2016). Injuries due to traffic-related incidences are the cause of many deaths and
disabilities that accounts for high costs in the United States (Sandt et al., 2016). Between the
years of 2007 and 2011 data shows that 12.4% of fatalities due to car crashes, were pedestrians
(Zheng et al., 2015). There is a great conflict between pedestrian safety and laws regarding the
road. Pedestrian safety refers to the safety of a pedestrians (people walking in and on streets) as
related to accidents caused by themselves, vehicles, or other situations. The improvement of
pedestrian safety is a critical problem that needs to be changed (Chen et al., 2014).
Pedestrian safety is a problem not just found in America, but worldwide. In Israel, one
third of fatalities involve pedestrians (Gitelman, 2017). Because of this drastic number,
interventions are in dire need in order to promote pedestrian safety and save lives (Brown et al.,
2017). Smith (2014) found multi-lane through streets, meaning main roads that have multi-lanes
and residential streets that connect to main roads are one of the highest in pedestrian’s injuries.
Washington State participated in a study where they raised crosswalks, “marked and added signs
to the crosswalks and added a parking lane that had extensions for sidewalks” (Lewis, 2020, p.
52). Bare and Price (2017) determined an increase in pedestrian safety due to a decrease in driver
speed by, 9.7 to 8.1 km/h, which would translate to approximately five to six mph difference in
drive speed.
