Solution

WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST

Class 11 - Physics
Section A
1. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: In a quick collision, time t is small. As F × t = constant. Therefore, force involved is large, i.e., collision is more
violent in comparison to slow collision.
2. (a) Assertion and reason both are correct statements and reason is correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Kinetic energy of one bullet = K
Kinetic energy of n bullets = nK
According to the law of conservation of energy, the kinetic energy of bullets be equal to the work done by machine gun per
sec.
Work
Power = Time
= nk

3. (b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: At sufficiently high speed (comparable to the speed of light) the law of newtonian mechanics are no longer
precisely correct but must be replaced by the more general relations predicted by the special relativity. The relativistic kinetic
energy K is given by:
2
mc
K= 2
− mc
2

v
√1−
2
c

The expression becomes very large as v becomes equal to c and predicts infinitely large energy at v = c. This suggests
physically would require an infinite quantity of energy which is not possible.
4. (c) Assertion is correct statement but reason is wrong statement.
Explanation: The rise in temperature of the soft steel is an example of transferring energy into a system by work and having it
appear as an increase in the internal energy of the system. This works well for the soft steel because it is soft. This softness
results in a deformation of steel under the blow of the hammer. Thus, the point of application of forces is displaced by the
hammer and positive work is done on the steel. With the hard steel, less deformation occurs, thus, there is less displacement of
the point of application of the force and less work done on the steel. The soft steel is, therefore, better at absorbing energy from
the hammer by means of work and its temperature rises more rapidly.
5. (b) Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Explanation: Assertion and reason both are correct statements but reason is not correct explanation for assertion.
Section B
6. 3
Explanation:
From work energy theorem
Wg + Wf = ΔkE
mg 3 × sin θ - μmg cos θ x = 0 - 0
∴ mg 3 × sin θ = μ mg cos θ x ⇒ 3 tan θ = μ

k=3

7. 105
Explanation:
From law of conservation of momentum,
m1v1 = m2v2

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 ∴ 15 × 10-3 × 350 = 5 × v2
−3

v2 = 15× 10

5
×350
= 1.05 m/s = 105 cm/s

8. 270
Explanation:
Force of friction (f) = μmg
= 0.1 × 4 × 10 = 4 N
Applied force (F) = 10 N
Since friction opposes relative motion, the net force acting on the body when it is moving is
F' = F - f = 10 - 4 = 6 N
= 1.5 ms-2
′

∴ Acceleration, a = F

M
= 6

∴ The distance travelled by the block in 6 s is

s = ut + 1

2
at2 = 0 + 1

2
× 1.5 × (6)2 = 27m
∴ Work done by applied force in 6 s is
W = applied force × distance moved in 6 s
= 10 N × 27m = 270 J

9. 40
Explanation:
Energy
P= time
1 2
mv

= 2

∴ P ∝ v2
2
P1 v1
∴ = ( )
P2 v2

−−
v1 P1
∴ = √
v2 P2

−−
−
v1 25 1
∴ = √ =
v2 100 2

∴ v2 = 2v1 = 2 × 20 = 40 km/hr

10. 1176
Explanation:
P = F⃗ ⋅ v⃗ ...(i)
F = mg
F = 300 × 9.8 = 2940 N
v = 0.4 m/s
From equation (i),
∴ P = 2940 × 0.4 = 1176 W

11. 16
Explanation:
3
dx d t 2
v = = ( ) = t
dt dt 3

When t = 0, when v = 0.
When t = 2, then v = 4 m/s.
Work done in the first two seconds = change in KE
1 2 2 1
∴ W = m [(4) − (0) ] = m × 16 = 8m
2 2

Here, m = 2 kg, ∴ W = 8 × 2 = 16 joule.

12. 10
Explanation:
Kinetic energy = change in potential energy of the particle,
KE = mgΔh

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 Given, m = 1 kg,
Δh = h2 - h1 = 2 - 1 = 1 m

∴ KE = 1 × 10 × 1 = 10 J

13. 0
Explanation:
When a body is moving on a rough horizontal ground:
i. Work done by reaction and gravity,
W1 = 0 (as force is ⊥ to s ⃗)
ii. Work done by pulling force F,
W2 = Fs cos 0o = + Fs
iii. Work done by frictional force f,
W3 = fs cos 180o = - fs
So, net work, W = W1 + W2 + W3
= 0 + F s - f s = (F - f)s
As the body is in dynamic equilibrium, f = F , so, W = 0.

14. 1.5
Explanation:
First case: 1

2
mv
2
= Fs ....(i)
Second case: 1

2
(m +
m

2
)v
2 ′
= Fs ....(ii)
Dividing eqn. (ii) by eqn. (i), we get
′
s 3

s
=
2
or s' = 1.5 s.

15. 100
Explanation:
Volume (V) = 30 m3, density of water (ρ ) = 1000 kg m-3
Therefore, mass of water to be lifted is m
= ρ V = 1000 × 30 = 3 × 104 kg
Work done to lift this mass of water to a height h = 60 m is
W = mgh = 3 × 104 × 10 × 60 = 1.8 × 107 J
Since the efficiency of the engine is 30%, the actual work done by the pump is
= 6 × 107 J
7

W' = W×100

30
=
1.8× 10 ×100

30

Time taken t = 10 min = 600 s

Therefore, power consumed is
′ 7
W 6×10
P= t
=
600
= 1,00,000 W = 100 kW

Section C
16. The sand bag is placed on a trolley that is moving with a uniform speed of 27 km/h. The external forces acting on the system of
the sandbag and the trolley is zero. When the sand starts leaking from the bag, there will be no change in the velocity of the
trolley. This is because the leaking action does not produce any external force on the system. This is in accordance with Newton's
first law of motion. Hence, the speed of the trolley will remain 27 km/h.
2 2

= 2.5 × 104 J.
p (500)
17. K.E. = 2m
=
2×5

18. Given; mass lifted = 20 tonnes = 20 × 1000 = 20000 kg

time = 1 hour = 3600 s
height to which the mass is lifted = 120 m
mgh
Power = Work done

Time taken
=
t
20×1000×9.8×180
=
60×60

= 9800 W = 9.8 kW
19. Energy exchange will be maximum if the two colliding bodies are of equal masses.

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
20. Work done is said to be one gravitational unit if a force of one gravitational unit displaces a body through unit distance in its own
direction.
21. Force exerted on the body, F ^ ^
= −i + 2 j + 3kN

Displacement, s = 4k
^
m

Work done, W = Fs
^ ^ ^ ^
= (− i + 2 j + 3k) ⋅ (4k)

= 0 + 0 − 3 × 4

= 12 J
Hence, 12 J of work is done by the force on the body.
22. The work done is zero because there is no displacement in the direction of the force.
23. The loss in K.E (kinetic energy) after the collision is given by:
1 m1 m2
2
( )u
2 m1 + m2

Where 'u' is the initial velocity.

24. In SI, the gravitational unit of work done is one-kilogram metre. It is defined as the work done when a force of one- kilogram
weight displaces a body through a distance of one metre in its own direction.
25. Power is the rate of doing work. Its SI unit is the watt. If an agency does work at the rate of 1 joule per second, its power is 1 watt.
26. The net vertically downward force acting on the suspended mass m is given by:
F = mg - T
where T is the tension in the string.
g g
From Newton's second law of motion we have the relation, F = ma = m (∵ a = 4 4
)
mg
or F = mg - T = 4
mg 3
T = mg − 4
=
4
mg

As the block moves downward through a distance d, hence total work done by the cord (against the force of tension T) will be,
3 3
W = − Td = − mgd = − mgd 4 4

27. It states that work done by force acting on a body is equal to the change produced in its kinetic energy.
¯
¯¯¯
If F force is applied to move an object through a distance dS
¯
¯¯¯ ¯
¯¯¯¯
¯
Then dw =F ⋅ dS

¯¯
F = mā

¯¯
¯
dw =ma ⋅ dS ¯
¯¯

¯¯
¯
dw =m dv̄

dt
dS

ds
dw = m dt
dv

dw = mudv
Integrating
w v

∫ dW = W = ∫ mvdv
0 u

2 v

W= m
∣
∣
V

2
∣
∣
u

Hence W = Kf - Ki Where Kf and Ki are final and initial kinetic energy.

28. Here, the total mass is mass of the man and mass of the body = 50 + 25 = 75 kg
at an incline 1 in 10 means sine of angle equals to 1/10, i.e.
1
sin θ =
10

Given distance, s = 20 m, g = 9.8 m/s2

Hence the force needed to be applied against the force of gravity is, F = mg sin θ
Therefore the Work done, W = Fs = mg sin θ × s
1
= 75 × 9.8 × × 20 = 1470J
10
xf

29. From eq. K f − Kt = ∫ F dx

xi

2.01
(−k)
Kf = Kt + ∫ dx
x
0.1

1 2 2.01
= mv − k ln(x)|
2 i 0.1

1 2
= mw − k ln(2.01/0.1)
2 i

= 2 - 0.5 = ln (20.1)

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 = 2 - 1.5 = 0.5 J
−−−−−−
−1
vf = √2Kf /m = 1ms

Here, note that ln is a symbol for the natural logarithm to the base e and not the logarithm to the base 10 [ln X = loge X = 2.303
log10 X].
−−−−
30. The velocity v1 before reaching the ground when the ball is dropped from height h1 is, v 1 = √2gh1

−−−−
The velocity v2 just after impact when the ball rebound to a height h2 is, v2 = √2gh2

Now, the Coefficient of restitution is

v2
e=
v1
−
− −
−
2gh2
then, e = √ 2gh1

−−
h2
e= √
h1

31. There are the following three conditions for work to be zero:
a. either no external force is acting on the body.
b. or an external force is acting on the body but the body is at rest.
c. or an external force is acting on the body and there is some displacement too but the displacement is in a direction
perpendicular to that of force applied.
32. i. Work done on the cycle by the road is the work done by the stopping (frictional) force on the cycle due to the road. The
displacement and the stopping force make an angle of 180° with each other. Thus, work done by the road or the work done by
the stopping force is
Wr = Fs cos θ
= 200 × 10× cos 180° = - 2000 J (because cosπ = −1 )
Where negative sign shows that work is done by the road-on cycle.
ii. According to Newton's third law of motion, an equal and opposite force acts on the road due to the cycle. As the road does not
move at all, therefore, work done by the cycle on the road is zero.
33. a. Power consumed by the family is, P = 8000 W
Solar energy received is = 200 W/square meter
The efficiency of conversion is = 20 %
let area required to generate the desired electricity is = A
As per the information given in the question, we have:
Power consumed is given by = efficiency of conversion × solar energy received per unit area× Area
20
8000 = × (A × 200)
100
3
8×10 2
∴ A= = 200m
40

b. The area needed is comparable to roof area of a large sized house.

34. Positive work: When under the influence of a force, the body moves in the direction of force, the work done is said to be positive
e.g., work done by a man in lifting a load in vertically upward direction, work done by a stretching force on a spring.
Negative work: Work done by a force is said to be negative when the body moves in a direction opposite to that of the force
applied. When a body is lifted vertically upwards, the work done by gravitational pull is negative. Again when a man is walking
on a rough floor, work done by the force of friction is negative.
35. Given, force applied, F = 1500N
and Displacement, x = 100 m, angle of the chain with the ground, i.e. force with displacement θ = 600
∴ Work done, W = Fx cos θ= 1500 × 100 × cos 600
1
= 1500 × 100 ×
2

= 75000 J = 75 kJ
36. Yes a body can posses energy without momentum, i.e. when p = 0,
2
p
Then, K = 2m
= 0

But E = K+U = (potential energy), which may or may not be zero. e.g. water stored in a tank may be at rest, but it has potential
energy though it has no momentum.
37. WD = F.s cosθ
Work Done (WD) will be zero if the angle between force and displacement are 90 . Such as:
o

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 i. If a body is moving horizontally with uniform motion the WD by gravity is zero.
ii. Work Done during circular motion.
iii. When the direction of motion of a charge particle is perpendicular to the magnetic filed the direction of force due to the
magnetic field by Fleming’s left hand rule is perpendicular to both direction of motion of charge and magnetic field. So no
work is done on charged particle by magnetic field.
38. In figure (a), the man carries the mass of 15 kg on his hands and walks 2 m. In this case, he is actually doing work against the
friction force.
Friction force contribution by mass
f = μN = μmg × 15 × 9.8N

and work done against friction

W1 = fs = μ × 15 × 9.8 × 2 = 294μJ
In figure (b) the tension in the string, T = mg = 15× 9.8 N Hence, force applied by man for pulling the rope
F = T = 15 × 9.8 N
∴ Work done by man, W2 = fs = 15× 9.8 × 2 = 294 J and additional work has to be done against friction also. Thus, it is clear

that W2 > W1.

39. As the elevator is moving down with a uniform speed (a = 0), so the value of g remains the same.
Here m = 0.3kg, h = 3 m, g = 9.8ms-2
P.E. lost by the bolt = mgh = 0.3 × 9.8 × 3 = 8.82 J
As the bolt does not rebound, the energy is converted into heat.
∴ Heat produced = 8.82 J

Even if the elevator were stationary, the same amount of heat would have produced because the value of g is the same in all
inertial frames of reference.
40. Einstein on the basis of his special theory of relativity proved that mass and energy are equivalent. Mass may be converted into
energy and vice-versa.
If a mass Δm is altogether lost in some reaction, then a definite amount of energy E will be released, given by the relation,
E = Δm.c2, where c = speed of light in free space = 3 × 108 ms-1.
The equivalence is extremely significant in physics. This fact is utilised in nuclear reactors to obtain a large supply of electrical
energy by consuming a small amount of nuclear fuel.
41. Bob A will not rise at all.
In an elastic collision between two equal masses in which one is stationary, while the other is moving with some velocity, the
stationary mass acquires the same velocity, while the moving mass immediately comes to rest after collision. In this case, a
complete transfer of momentum takes place from the moving mass to the stationary mass.
Hence, Bob A of mass m, after colliding with bob B of equal mass, will come to rest, while bob B will move with the velocity of
bob A at the instant of collision.
42. According to the question, Given
Volume of the tank, V = 30 m3
Time required to fill the tank is, t = 15 min = 15 × 60s = 900 s
Height at which the tank is situated above the ground, h = 40 m
The efficiency of the pump, η = 30%
Density of water, = 103kg / m3
Mass of water, m = pV = 30 × 10 kg 3

So, rise in potential energy of the water ( Work done) = (30000kg)(9.8m/s 2

)(40m) = 1.17 × 10J

The electric power consumed by the pump is:

Workdone mgh
P0 = =
T ime t

3
= 1.17 × 10J /900 = 13.067 × 10 W

For input power Pi, efficiency η is given by the relation:

P0
η = = 30%
Pi

13.067 3
Pi = × 100 × 10
30
5
= 0.436 × 10 W

Pi = 43.6 kW
Hence, the power consumed by the pump is 43.6 kW.

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
43. Given, m1 = 1 kg; v1 = = (3^i − 2^j ) m/s,
and m2 = 2 kg; v2 = (4^j − 6k
^
) m/s

In a perfectly inelastic collision both the particles stick together after collision and move with a common velocity v given by the
equation,
^ ^ ^ ^
m1 v1 + m2 v2 1(3 i −2 j )+2(4 j −6k)
v= =
m1 + m2 1+2

^ ^ ^
m/s
= ( i + 2 j − 4k)

Speed of combined particle

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
−−
v = √1
2
+ (2)
2
+ (−4)
2
= √21 m/s = 4.58 m/s
44. Three important characteristics of conservative forces are given below:
a. Work done by or against a conservative force in moving a body between any two given points is independent of the path
followed.
b. Work done by or against a conservative force in moving a body along a closed path is zero.
c. Conservative force is a central force and obeys inverse square law.
45. m1 = 0.4kg, u1 = 4m/s, m2 = 0.6kg u2 = 2m/s.
Total K.E. before collision
1 2 1 2
Ki = m1 u + m2 u
2 1 2 2

1 2 1 2
Ki = (0.4) × (4) + (0.6) × (2)
2 2

Ki = 4.4J
Since collision is perfectly inelastic
m1 u1 + m2 u2
υ= = 2.8m/s
m1 + m2

Total K.E. after collision

1 2
Kf = (m1 + m2 ) υ
2
1 2
Kf = (0.4 + 0.6) × (2.8)
2

Kf = 3.92 J
Loss in K.E. (ΔK ) = Ki - Kf = 4.4 - 3.92 = 0.48J
46. In the inelastic collision, the objects stick to each other or move in the same direction. The total kinetic energy in this form of
collision is not conserved but the total momentum and energy are conserved.
i. Let a particle of mass m moving with an initial velocity u collides inelastically with another particle of mass M initially at rest.
Let after collision, the combined entity moves with a velocity v. Then from the conservation of linear momentum, we have
mu + 0 = (m + M)v
mu
⇒ v =
m+M

ii. Initial kinetic energy of system before collision K = 1

2
mu
2

and final kinetic energy of system after collision K'= 1

2
(m + M )v
2

∴Loss in Kinetic Energy during collision ΔK = K − K ′

= mu - (m + M )v
1

2
2 1

2
2

mu
= 1

2
mu
2
- 1

2
(m + M )(
m+M
2
)

2 2
1 2 1 m u
= mu −
2 2 (m+M)

1 2 m 1 2 M
= mu [1 − ] = mu ⋅ ( )
2 M+m 2 M+m

and fractional loss in kinetic energy during collision

ΔK M
=
K M+m

47. i. Area swept by blades of windmill = A, and velocity of wind = v

Therefore, Volume of air passing per unit time = A × v
Also, Mass of air passing per unit time = Avρ
and mass of air passing in time t, M = A × vρ t
1 1
ii. Kinetic Energy of said quantity of air, K = 2
2
Mv =
2
Aρtv
3

iii. If it is assumed that the efficiency of the windmill is 25%, then we have
25 1
Output electrical power = 25% of input power = 100
×
2
Aρv
3

As A = 30 m2, v = 36 m / h = 36 × 18
5
m/s = 10 m/s and ρ =1.2 kgm-3

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 Therefore, Output electrical power = 25

100
×
1

2
× 30 × 1.2 × (10)
3
= 4500 W= 4.5 kW [​​because 1 kiloWatt = 1000 Watt]
Hence, electrical power produced = 4.5 kW
48. According to the question in each case, it can be observed that the total momentum before and after the collision in each case is
constant as external forces are absent and internal forces are conservative in nature.
so initial momentum = final momentum
pi = pf
For an elastic collision, the total kinetic energy of a system remains conserved before and after a collision while for an inelastic
collision kinetic energy is not conserved as some energy is lost due to work done by the internal forces.
Given the mass of ball bearings m, we can write:
The total kinetic energy of the system before the collision is given by:
1 2 1
K . E. = mV + (2m)0
2 2
1 2
K . E. = mV
2

Now,
In Case (a)
The total kinetic energy of the system after the collision is given by:
2
1 1 V
K . E. = m × 0 + (2m)( )
2 2 2

1 2
K . E. = mV
4

Hence, in case (a) the kinetic energy of the system is not conserved.
In Case (b)
The total kinetic energy of the system after the collision is given by:
1 1 2
K . E. = (2m) × 0 + mV
2 2
1 2
K . E. = mV
2

Hence, in case (b) the kinetic energy of the system is conserved.

In Case (c)
The total kinetic energy of the system after the collision is given by:
2
1 V
K . E. = (3m)( )
2 3

1 2
K . E. = mV
6

Hence, the total kinetic energy of the system is not conserved in case(b) & case(c) in the process of collision.
49. It is given that , mass (m) =1500 kg, Height (h) = 20 m, efficiency (η ) = 75% and time (t) = 20s
We know that, Work done, W = mgh =1500 × 9.8 × 20
= 2.94 × 105 J
5
W 2.94×10
Now, Rate of doing work = t
=
20

= 1.47× 104 W
Output power
As efficiency, η = Input power
4
75 1.47×10
=
100 Input power

Input power or the rate at which energy is supplied

= 1.96 × 104 W
4
1.47× 10 ×100
=
75

50. From the given figure we have displacements and forces as:
At point B, d1 = 5 m ,f1 = 20 N
At point C, d2= 10 m, f2 = 30 N ,
At point D, d3 = 20 m , f3 = 0N,
At point E, d4 = 30 m , f4 = - 30 N
Work done by the man = ?
Area under the trapezium BCML is equal to work done
WBCML = × [20 + 30] × 5
1

1
[area = × (sum of parallel side) × height]
2

WBCML =
1

2
× 50 × 5 = 125 joules
Area under the rectangle OABL is equal to work done W OABL. .
W = 20× 5 = 100 j [∵ Area = length × breadth]
OABL.

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 The area under the △CDM is equal to work done WCDM.
1 1
WCDM = × 10 × 30 = 150J [∵ area = × base × height ]
2 2

Now, Area under the △ DEN is equal to work done WDEN

1 1
WDEN = × (10) × −30 = −150J [∵ area = × base × height ]
2 2

Total amount of work done = 100 J + 125J + 150 J - 150 J = 225 J.

51. In the inelastic collision, the objects stick to each other or move in the same direction. The total kinetic energy in this form of
collision is not conserved but the total momentum and energy are conserved.
i. Let us suppose a particle of mass m moving with an initial velocity u collides inelastically with another particle of mass M
initially at rest. Let after collision, the combined entity moves with a velocity v. Then, from the conservation of linear
momentum, we can write
mu
mu+0=(m+M)v⇒v= m+M

which is the required expression for the velocity of the combined entity after collision.
ii. Initial kinetic energy of system before the collision is given by
1 2
K = mu
2

and final kinetic energy of system after collision

2 2 2
′ 1 2 1 mu 1 m u
K = (m + M )v = (m + M ) ⋅ ( ) =
2 2 m+M 2 (m+M)

Therefore, loss in kinetic energy during collision is given by

2 2
′ 1 2 1 m u
ΔK = K − K = mu −
2 2 (m+M)

1 2 m 1 2 M
= mu [1 − ] = mu ⋅ ( )
2 M+m 2 M+m

and fractional loss in kinetic energy during collision is given by

ΔK M
=
K M+m

52. When the block strikes the spring it carries some kinetic energy and all that kinetic energy is spent against the friction and gets
stored in the form of potential energy in the compressed spring.

Let the compression in the spring = x.

Therefore, Loss in kinetic energy of block = Gain in potential energy of the spring + Work done against friction.
1 2 1 2
mv = kx + μmgx
2 2
1 1 2
× 100 × 200 = 500x + 0.75 × 100 × 10 × x
2 2

2 2
50 × 200 = 250x + 750x ⇒ 200 = 5x + 15x

5x2 + 15 x - 200 =0
x2 + 3x - 40 =0
x2 + 8x - 5 x -4 0 =0 ⇒ x (x + 8) - 5 (x + 8) =0
x = 5 m, x = - 8m
Reject x = - 8m.
Hence the compression in the spring = 5m.

53.

In the plot, the applied force is shown in the figure. At x = 20m, F = 50 N (≠ 0). We are given that the frictional force f is
|f | = 50N . It opposes the motion and acts in the direction opposite to F. It is, therefore, shown on the negative side of the force

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 axis.
The work done by the woman is
WF → area of the rectangle ABCD + area of the trapezium CEID
1
WF = 100 × 10 + (100 + 50) × 10
2

= 1000 + 750
= 1750 J
The work done by the frictional force is
Wf → area of the rectangle AGHI
Wf = (-50) × 20
= -1000 J
The area on the negative side of the force axis has a negative sign.
54. Here mass of the body, M = 2 kg, F = 20 N, t = 10 s, μ = 0.2 and initial velocity, u = 0. k

a. Net accelerating force = F - fk = F - μ Mg k

= 20 − 0.2 × 2 × 10 = 20 - 4 = 16 N
= 8 ms-2
16
Therefore, Acceleration, a = 2

at2
1
Therefore, Distance covered by the body in 10 s, s = ut + 2
1 2
= 0 + × 8 × (10) = 400m
2

∴ Work done by the applied force in 10 s, W = Fs = 20 × 400 = 8000 J

b. Net work done on the body in 10 s, Wnet = (F - fk)s = 16 × 400 = 6400 J
Therefore, Change in kinetic energy of body ΔK = +Wnet = + 6400 Joules

55. According to the question Area of the circle swept by the windmill = A
Velocity of the wind = v
Density of air = ρ
a. Volume of the wind flowing through the windmill per sec = Av
Mass of the wind flowing through the windmill per sec = ρ Av
Mass m, of the wind flowing through the windmill in time t = ρ Avt
b. Kinetic energy of air = mv 1

2
2

1 2 1 3
KE = (ρAvt)v = ρAv t
2 2

According to the question , area of the circle swept by the windmill , A = 30 m2

Velocity of the wind = v= 36 km/h = 10 m/s
Density of air, ρ = 1.2 kg m-3
As per the question, E = E electric wind

25 1 3 1 3
Eelectric = × ρAv t = ρAv t
100 2 8
Eelectric
Electrical power, P electric
=
t
3
1 ρAv t 1 3
Pelectric = = ρAv
8 t 8
1 3
Pelectric = × 1.2 × 30 × (10)
8

3
Pelectric = 4.5 × 10 W = 4.5kW

56. Here it is given that, m1 = 0.4 kg, u1 =4 m s-1, m2 = 0.6 kg and u2 = 2 ms-1.
Total K.E. of system before collision, Ki = = 1

2
m1 u
2
1
+
1

2
m2 u
2
2

1 2 1 2
= × (0.4) × (4) + × (0.6) × (2)
2 2

= 3.2 + 1.2 = 4.4 J

As collision is perfectly inelastic, the common velocity after collision v is given by
m1 u1 + m2 u2 0.4×4+0.6×2 −1
v = = = 2.8 ms
m1 + m2 0.4+0.6

Therefore, total K.E. of system after collision Kf = 1

2
(m1 + m2 ) v
2
=
1

2
2
× (0.4 + 0.6) × (2.8)

= 3.92 J
Therefore, loss in Kinetic energy = ΔK = Ki - Kf = 4.4 - 3.92 = 0.48 J

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
57. Let 'x' be compression in the spring by the block before finally coming to rest on the rough part.

Now, the total energy of the block on the frictional surface = Work done against friction + Potential energy stored in spring.
1 1 2
× 0.5 × 16 × 5 = μk mgs + kx
2 2
1 2
20 = 0.2 × 0.5 × 10 × x + × 2 × x
2

20 = x + x2
x2 + x - 20 =0
On solving by factorisation method,we get
x =4, x = - 5 (reject x = - 5)
Hence, the compression of spring is 4 m.
58. It is given that, mass =1000 kg, k (spring constant) = 6.25× 103 Nm-1
Also, v = 18 kmh-1 = 18×5

18
ms
−1
= 5m/s

At the maximum compression xm, the kinetic energy of the car gets converted entirely into the potential energy of the spring.
Therefore, Gain in PE of the spring = Loss in KE of the car
or kx = mv
1

2
2
m
1

2
2

or x 2
m =
mv

k
=
1000×5×5

3
= 4
6.25×10

∴ xm = 2.0 m
Thus, the maximum compression in the spring = 2.0 m.
59. Given, m1 = m2 = m, u1 = 9 m/s, u2 = 0

θ1 = θ2 = 300, v1 = ?, v2 = ?
According to principle of conservation of linear momentum, we have
m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 cos θ1 + m2v2 cos θ2
Along the direction of motion in x-axis, we have
m× 9 + 0 = mv1 cos 300 + mv2 cos 300
√3 √3 ( v1 + v2 ) √3
9 = v1 + v2 =
2 2 2

v1 + v2 =
18
...................................................................................(i)
√3

Along a direction of motion in y-axis

0 + 0 = m1 v1 sin θ1 − m2 v2 sin θ2

⇒ mv1 sin 300 = mv2 sin 300 ⇒ v1= v2 ...........................................(ii)

Substitute the value from Eq. (ii) in Eq. (i), and find out values of v1 and v2 i.e.,
18 9 √3 9√3 –
2v1 = ⇒ v1 = × = = 3√3m/s
√3 √3 √3 3

–
Hence, the two balls move with same velocity = 3√3 m/s after collision.
60. A variable force is a force whose magnitude or direction or both vary during the displacement of a body on which it acts or
a force whose direction or magnitude or both change with time.
The graphical representation is given as:

Consider a small displacement element Δs under force F, which is represented by a strip KLMN. As the displacement Δs is
extremely small, hence force F for entire strip KLMN may be taken as constant.
Therefore, Work done during elementary expansion will be equal to
ΔW = F Δx = area of strip KLMN ....................................(A)

Total work done by the variable force can be calculated by dividing the whole path into such elementary parts and in each case the

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 work done will be equal to area of small shaded strips like KLMN. Therefore, total work done for a given displacement is given
by:
W = ∑ ΔW = ∑ area of various strips = total area under F-s graph .......................................(B)
Thus, the work done by a variable force is given by the area under F-s curve.
61. We assume that the pebble is initially at rest on the cliff, i.e.
u = 0, m = 1.00 g = 10-3 kg
Given that v = 50 ms-1, h =1.00 km = 103m
The change in KE of the pebble is given by the equation
1 2 1 2 1 −3 2
ΔK = mv − mu = × 10 × (50) − 0 = 1.25J
2 2 2

Assuming that acceleration due to gravity g =10 ms-2 is constant, the work done by the gravitational force is
Wg = mgh = 10-3 × 10 × 103 =10.0 J
If Wr is the work done by the resistive force on the pebble, then from the work-energy theorem we have, net change in kinetic
energy = total work done
ΔK = Wg + Wr

or W = ΔK − W =1.25 - 10.0 = - 8.75 J

r g

Hence, the work done by resistive force is 8.75 J, negative sign indicates that it is against the work done by gravitational force.
62. i. For region A: V > E
E=V+K⇒K=E-V
V > E So K < 0
∵

K.E. is negative. Which is not possible. Thus the particle cannot be in this region.
ii. In region B: V < E
⇒ K = E - V

∵ K > 0

This case is possible. Thus particle can be in this region.

iii. Region C:K > E as total energy E = K + V
⇒ V = E - K

∴ V < 0

P.E. is negative.
This is also possible because P.E. can be negative. Thus particle can be found in this region.
iv. Region D: V > K
K=E-V
This is also possible as P.E. for a system can be greater than KE.
Thus particle can be found in this region.
63. Work done by the force = force × displacement
or W = F× S ....................................................(i)
But from Newton’s 2nd law, we have
Force = mass × acceleration
i.e. F = ma ......................................................(ii)
Hence, from Eqs. (i) and (ii), we obtain
2 2

W = m(
d s

2
)S [∵ a =
d

2
s
] ......................(iii)
dt dt

Now, we have
1 2
S = t
3
2
d s d d 1 2 d 2 2 dt 2
= [ ( t )] = × ( t) = =
2 dt dt 3 dt 3 3 dt 3
dt

Hence Eq. (iii) becomes

2 2 1 2 2 2
W = ms = × m × t = mt
3 3 3 9

We have, m = 3 kg, t = 2s
2 2 8
∴ W = × 3 × (2) = J
9 3

64. As the stone weight acts downwards and upthrusts act upwards, the net weight of stone can be calculated.
Density of stone
We know that, Specific gravity = Relative density = Density of water

Thus, the density of stone = 3× 103 kg / m3

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 Now the Volume of stone = Mass of stone

Density of stone

5 5 −3 3
= = × 10 m
3 3
3×10

Also, Upthrust on stone = Weight of liquid displaced

5
=
3
× 10
−3
× ρ water × g (where ρ is the density)
5 −3 3 50
= × 10 × 10 × 10 = N
3 3

Thus, the net weight of stone, mg' = mg - upthrust

50 100
mg' = (5 × 10 − 3
) =
3
N

Now, the force required to raise the stone, F = 100

3
N

Therefore, the Work required to raise the stone is given by:

100 500
W = Fd = × 5 = J = 166.6Joules
3 3

Which is the required work.

65. a. When a moving bob strike to an identical bob at rest then one bob transfers its momentum to other and itself become at rest.
When bob A reaches at the position of bob B. The PE of A converts into KE where bob A transfers its momentum to bob B
and bob A becomes itself in rest after elastic collision. So there will be no rise in bob A.
b. For speed of bob B

P . EA = K . E.A = K . EB
1 2 2

1 2
mv = mgh
2 3
−−−−−−−− −
−−−−− −−−−−− 2
vB = √2g × 1 = √2 × 9.8 = √ × 2 × 49
10

1 14× √10
= 2 × 7 =
√10 10

= 1.4 × 3.16

vB = 4.42m/s

66. As the dragging viscous force of air on balloon is neglected so there is Net Buoyant Force = Vpg
= Volume of air displaced × net density upward × g
= V (par - pHz) g (upward)
Let a be the upward acceleration on balloon then
ma = V (par - pHz) g …(i)
Where m = mass of balloon
V = Volume of air displacement by balloon = Volume of balloon
pair = density of air
pHe = density of helium
dv
m = V ⋅ (pair − PHe ) g
dt

mdv = V(par - pHz) gdt

Integrating both sides mv = V ⋅ (par − pHϵ ) gt
V
v = (pair − pHe )gt
m

KE of balloon = 1

2
mv
2

2 2
2 2
1
mv
2
=
1
m
V
(pair − pHe ) g t
2 2
=
V
(pair − pHe ) g t
2 2
…(ii)
2 2 m2 2m

If the balloon rises to a height h, from (i)ṇ

V
a= (pair − phe ) g
m

1 2 1 V 2
h = ut + at = 0. t + [ (par − pHe ) g] t
2 2 m

∴ h =
V

2m
(par − pHe ) g t
2
...(iii)
From (ii) and (iii) rearranging the terms of (ii) according to h in (iii)

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 1 2 V 2
mv = { (pair − pHe ) g t } . V (pair − pHe ) g
2 2m

1 2
mv = {h} . V (pair − pHe ) g
2
1 2
mv = V ⋅ (pair − pHe ) gh
2
1 2
mv = V pair gh − V pHe gh
2
1 2
mv + pHe V gh = Pair V gh
2

K Eballoon + P Eballoon = Change in PE of air.

So, as the balloon goes up, an equal volume of air comes down, increases in PE and KE of the balloon is at cost of PE of air
(which comes down).
67. a. There are two external forces on the bob: gravity and the tension (T) in the string. The latter does no work since the
displacement of the bob is always normal to the string. The potential energy of the bob is thus associated with the gravitational
force only. The total mechanical energy E of the system is conserved. We take the potential energy of the system to be zero at
the lowest point A. Thus, at A :
1
E =
2
mv
2
0
.... (i)
2
mv

TA − mg =
L
0
[Newton's Second Law]
where TA is the tension in the string at A. At the highest point C, the string slackens, as the tension in the string (TC) becomes
zero.
Thus, at C
1
E =
2
2
mvc + 2mgL .... (ii)
2
mvc
mg =
L
[Newton's Second Law] .... (iii)
where vc is the speed at C. From eqs. (ii) and (iii)
5
E = mgL
2

Equating this to the energy at A

5 m 2
mgL = vo
2 2
−−−
or, v 0 = √5gL

b. It is clear from eq. (ii)

−−
vC = √gL

At B, the energy is
1 2
E = mv + mgL
2 B

Equating this to the energy at A and employing the result from (i), namely v 2
o = 5gL
1 2 1 2
mw + mgL = mv
2 B 2 0

5
= mgL
2
−−−
∴ vB = √3gL

c. The ratio of the kinetic energies at B and C is:

1 2
mv
KB 2 B 3
= =
KC 1 2 1
mv
2 C

At point C, the string becomes slack and the velocity of the bob is horizontal and to the left. If the connecting string is cut at this
instant, the bob will execute a projectile motion with horizontal projection akin to a rock kicked horizontally from the edge of a
cliff. Otherwise, the bob will continue on its circular path and complete the revolution.
68. According to Work energy theorem, the net work done on a body is equal to change in kinetic energy of the body. This is known
as Work Energy Theorem.
Work done by all the forces = Change in Kinetic Energy
Wg + WN + Wf =Kf – Ki
Where, Wg = work done by gravity
WN = work done by normal force
Wf = work done by friction
Kf = final kinetic energy
Ki = initial kinetic energy
Data Given -
Radius of the rain drop, r = 2 mm = 2 × 10 −3
m

14 / 17
WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 Volume of the rain drop, V =
4

3
3
πr

=
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 kg
Density of water, ρ = 103kg m-3
Mass of the rain drop, m = ρ V
=
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 kg
Gravitational force, F = mg
=
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 × 9.8 N
The work done by the gravitational force on the drop in the first half of its journey:
W1 = Fs

=
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 × 9.8 × 250
= 0.082 J
This amount of work is equal to the work done by the gravitational force on the drop in the second half of its journey, i.e., WII, =
0.082 J
As per the law of conservation of energy, if no resistive force is present, then the total energy of the rain drop will remain the
same.
∴Total energy at the top:
ET = mgh + 0

=
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 × 9.8 × 500 × 10-5
= 0.164 J
Due to the presence of a resistive force, the drop hits the ground with a velocity of 10 m/s.
∴ Total energy at the ground:

mv2 + 0
1
E0 = 2

=
1

2
×
4

3
× 3.14 × (2 × 10-3)3 × 103 × 9.8 × (10)2
= 1.675 × 10-3 J
Work done by the Resistive force = EG - ET = - 0.162 J
here negative work done shows that energy was dissipated during the process and 0.162 Joule energy was lost during journey of
the droplet.
69. As bullet hit the block, the kinetic energy of the bullet will be converted into potential energy of the block and some energy will
be dissipated in the form of [Link] the calculation of the numerical,we will refer to work energy theorem which can be stated as
-According to Work energy theorem,
Work done by all the forces = Change in Kinetic Energy
Wg + WN + Wf =Kf – Ki
Where, Wg = work done by gravity
WN = work done by normal force
Wf = work done by friction
Kf = final kinetic energy
Ki = initial kinetic energy
Mass of the bullet, m = 0.012 kg
Initial speed of the bullet, ub = 70 m/s
Mass of the wooden block, M = 0.4 kg
Initial speed of the wooden block, us = 0
Final speed of the system of the bullet and the block = v
Applying the law of conservation of momentum:
mub + MuB = (m + M)v
0.012 × 70 + 0.4 × 0 = (0.012 + 0.4)v
0.84
∴ v = = 2.04 m/s
0.412

For the system of the bullet and the wooden block:

Mass of the system, m' = 0.412 kg

15 / 17
WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 Velocity of the system = 2.04 m/s
Height up to which the system rises = h
Applying the law of conservation of energy to this system:
Potential energy at the highest point = Kinetic energy at the lowest point
′ 1 ′ 2
m gh = m v
2
2
1 v
∴ h = ( )
2 g

2
1 (2.04)
= ×
2 9.8

= 0.2123 m
The wooden block will rise to a height of 0.2123 m.
Heat produced = Kinetic energy of the bullet - Kinetic energy of the system
1 2 1 ′ 2
= mu − m v
2 2
1 2 1 2
= × 0.012 × (70) − × 0.412 × (2.04)
2 2

= 29.4 - 0.857 = 28.54 J

70. Let mass of rocket at any time t = M
Velocity of rocket at any time t = v
Δm is the mass of gas ejected in time interval Δt
1 2 1 2
(K E)z+Δt = (M − Δm)(v + Δv ) + Δm(v − u)
2 2
1 2 2 2 2
= [(M − Δm) (v + Δv + 2vΔv) + Δm (v + u − 2uv)]
2
2 2 2
Mv + M Δv + 2M vΔv − Δmv
⎡ ⎤
1 2 2
(K E)τ+Δt = ⎢ −ΔmΔv − 2vΔmΔv + Δmv + ⎥
2
⎣ 2 ⎦
Δmu − 2uvΔm
1 2 1 2
(K E) = Mv + M vΔv + Δmu − uvΔm
t+Δt 2 2

[neglecting the very small terms M Δv 2

, ΔmΔv , 2vΔmΔv
2
contains Δv and ΔmΔv]
2

1 2
(K E)τ = Mv
2
1 2 1 2 1 2
(K E) − (K E) = Mv + M vΔv + Δmu − uvΔm − Mv
t+Δt t 2 2 2
1 2
ΔK = Δmu + v (M Δv − uΔm)
2

By Newton’s third law,

Reaction force on Rocket (upward) = Action force by burnt gases (downward)
dv dm
M = |u|(∵ F = ma)
dt dt

Or M Δv = Δmu ⇒ M Δv − uΔm = 0
Substitute this value in (i)
1 2
K = u Δm
2

By work energy theorem Δ (K E) = W D

Or W = ΔK = Δmu . 1

2
2

Section D
71. i. (c)
ii. (b)
iii. (a)
iv. (b)
v. (a)
72. i. c
ii. a
iii. c
iv. b
v. d
73. i. b
ii. c
iii. b
iv. b
v. a
74. i. (d)

16 / 17
WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST
 ii. (c)
iii. (b)
iv. (c)
v. (a)
75. i. a
ii. b
iii. a
iv. c
v. a

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WORK ENERGY POWER Q75 XI PHY (JULY2022) TEST