SCIENCE
TECTONIC PLATES- is a massive irregular shaped slab of a solid rocks.
LITHOSPHERE- The crust and part of the upper mantle.
ASTHENOSPHERE- It is located below the lithosphere and allowing the lithosphere to move around.
CRUST- It’s the thickest part of the earth.
OCEANIC CRUST- (water or sea land) Relatively thinner but denser than continental crust.
CONTINENTAL CRUST- Thinner but less denser.
EARTHQUAKE- Sudden and violent shaking of the ground.
MAGNITUDE- Is a measure of earthquake size
INTENSITY- Ground shaking at that location by considering the effects of the shaking on people.
EPICENTER- Part of the earth’s surface directly above the focus of an earthquake.
FOCUS- Where the earthquakes begin.
FAULT- a weak point in the tectonic plate where pressure within the crust is release to last wave.
SEIMOGRAPH- The apparatus to meaure and record vibration.
SEISMOGRAM- Result or the output.
SEISMOMETER- The data or the main part of seismograph.
BODY WAVE- A seismic wave that move through the interior of the earth.
SURFACE WAVE- a seismic wave that is trapped near the surface of the earth.
P WAVE- Is the fastest seismic wave and the first wave to arrive of a seismograph.
S WAVE- the velocity is lower than that of p wave.
LOVE WAVE-Is a surface wave having a horizontal motion that is transverse to the direction the wave is
travelling.
OCEANIC PLATE- Plates below the ocean.
CONTINENTAL PLATES- Plates below the continental.
DIVERGENT BOUNDERIES- Also call as constructive boundary refers to plate separate and move apart.
in opposite directions forming new lithosphere – DIVERGENCE of two continental plates result of the
creation down faulted valley called RIFT VALLEY. Two oceanic plates can form underwater mountain
ranges called OCEANIC RIDGES. Example, between the south American and African plate forming MID-
ATLANTIC RIDGE. Tension zone materials for ocean floors, cools down and become new CRUST.
COVERGENCE BOUNDERIES- Also called as DESTRUCTIVE BOUNDARY are form when two plates move
TOWARD each other.
TRANSFORM FAULT- Also called STRIKE-SLIP FAULT are plates SLIDING PAST each other. There is no
subduction, therefore no magma and volcanoes nut lots of EARTHQUAKES, A crack on the ground called
FAULT. SAN ANDREAS FAULT and the WEST VALLEY FAULT are example of
CONTINENTAL- OCEANIC CONVERGENT BOUNDARY- as a continental plate converges with an oceanic
plate the OCEANIC plates dives under the CONTINENTAL PLATE . The process of diving down towards
the mantle is called SUBDUCTION. When leading edge of the subducting plates reaches the mantle, it
melts and turning to MAGMA which builds up pressure making it push. The ground above it forming at
the surface of a [Link] depression called TRENCH is formed along the bounderies PARALLEL to
it. A series of volcanoes called continental VOLCANIC ARC may be form.
OCEANIC-OCEANIC CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY- When two oceanic plate converge, the DENSER
plate subducts once it’s leading edge reaches the mantle it melts into a MAGMA, builds up a pressure
that makes it push the ground above it. Forming a VOLCANIC ISLAND ARC, The collision zone, a cracked
called TRENCH is form. Example between pacific and Philippine plates.
CONTINENTAL-CONTINENTAL CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY- The convergence between two
continental plates, they collide and BUCKLED UP Forming MOUNTAIN RANGES. Since both plate have
different densities. There is no subduction, therefore, no magma and NO VOLCANIC FORMATION.
Example, HIMALAYAN MOUNTAIN range at the bounderies of Indian and Eurasian plates.
