UNIT EXAM

The Diversity of Matter and Chemical Bonding

Chemistry 20

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 1. Some conditions present in molecules are listed.
I. Symmetrical
II. Asymmetrical
III. Non-polar covalent bonds
IV. Polar covalent bonds

The conditions that are present if a molecule is polar are

a. II and IV b. I and III
c. I and IV d. II and III

2. Lewis electron dot diagrams help show

a. the three-dimensional molecular shape
b. how atoms will join together
c. whether a molecular bond is polar covalent or non-polar covalent
d. the size of the atoms involved in molecular bonding

3. When beginning to draw the structure of a molecular compound, one

should
a. place the ion with highest electronegativity in the centre
b. try to place the atom that can make the most bonds in the
centre
c. put the carbon atoms on last
d. start with the hydrogen atoms

4. A student wishes to reduce the effect of “spiciness” in spicy food. The

students finds that water does not help alleviate the spiciness, but milk
does. Which of the following statements best explains this finding?
a. The water is thinner than the milk, so all it does is spread the
spice around the mouth
b. The milk molecules surround the spice molecules and prevent
them from interacting with the tastebuds in the mouth
c. The spice must be a non-polar substance, because it is able to
dissolve in the milk, but not in the water
d. The spice must be a polar substance, because it is able to
dissolve in milk, but not the water

5. Which option below correctly identifies the compound with the stronger
dipole-dipole forces in solid state?
a. HCl < HF
b. NBr3 > NH3
c. H2O < H2S
d. CH3Cl > CH3I

6. What is the molecular geometry of SiBr4?

a. Bent

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 b. Trigonal planar
c. Tetrahedral
d. Trigonal pyramidal

7. Why is it incorrect to write the structural formula of H2S as H-H-S?

a. This representation exceeds the octet of sulfur
b. You cannot have two hydrogens bonded together because they
have equal electronegativities
c. The outermost hydrogen would have an incomplete octet
d. The middle hydrogen would have four electrons in its valence
shell

8. As we travel ______I______ the periodic table, the electronegativity

________II_________ because ___________III____________.
a. I – across; II – increases; III – there are more protons to attract
electrons
b. I – down; II – decreases; III – there are more protons to attract
electrons
c. I – down; II – decreases; III – there are fewer electrons in the
valence shell
d. I – across; II – increases; III – there are fewer electrons in the
valence shell

Use the following information to answer the next question

The permanganate(VII) ion is a strong oxidizing agent because manganese

is in the +7 oxidation state. Permanganate solutions are purple in color
and are stable in neutral or slightly alkaline media. The ion’s Lewis
structure shows no lone pairs on the central atom.
9. The shape of the permanganate ion, MnO4 - cannot be predicted from
the level of VSEPR theory we cover in this course. However, based on
the information above, we can hypothesize that the shape must be
a. Trigonal pyramidal
b. Linear
c. Trigonal planar
d. Tetrahedral

10. Which of the following statements is FALSE?

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 a. When two non-metal atoms share electrons, the electrons that
are involved in the covalent bond are those that were previously
unpaired.
b. When bonds form, the paired electrons are the ones that become
involved in the bonds.
c. When a metal loses an electron and forms an ion, that electron is
accepted by a non-metal atom and it forms a pair with one of the
unpaired electrons in the non-metal atom.
d. When the atoms share the electrons and form a covalent bond,
the electrons are called a bonding pair.

Use the following information to answer the next two questions

Molecules with Covalent
Bonds
1. H-Cl
2. O-H
3. C-I
4. N-O
11. When the following covalent bonds are arranged in order from
least polar to most polar, the order is:
a. 1, 2, 3, 4
b. 2, 1, 4, 3
c. 1, 2, 4, 3
d. 2, 1, 3, 4

12. Which of the above molecules would exhibit hydrogen bonding?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

Use the following information to answer the next question

A student was balancing oxidation-reduction reactions, and did

the following on their work:

I) Li(s)  Li+ + e-
II) F2(g) + e-  F-
III) Li(s) + F2(g) + e-  F- + Li+ + e-
IV) Li(s) + F2(g)  LiF

13. In which line did the student make their first error?
a. I

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 b. II
c. III
d. IV

14. Assuming the student did the half-reactions correctly, which of

the following options below correctly matches the reaction with the
movement of electrons?
a. Fluorine; undergoes oxidation; gaining electrons
b. Fluorine; undergoes reduction; losing electrons
c. Lithium; undergoes oxidation; losing electrons
d. Lithium: undergoes reduction; gaining electrons

15. How many bonds must magnesium form in order to gain the
most stable electron configuration?
a. 0
b. 1
c. 2
d. 3

16. How many bonds must boron form in order to gain the most
stable electron configuration?
a. 3
b. 4
c. 5
d. 6

Use the following information to answer the next question

If an atom has an outer valence shell that is not full of electrons, it may
bond with another atom, using the electrons to complete its outer shell.
These types of atoms are known as free radicals and are very
unstable.
17. Which of the following best explains why free radicals are so
unstable?

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 a. Free radicals have more electrons in their valence shells that can
participate in chemical reactions
b. Free radicals have unpaired electrons in their valence shell,
making them more reactive
c. Free radicals have more lone pairs in their valence shell, which
will change their 3D shape and how they interact with other
molecules
d. Free radicals have more than eight valence electrons in their
outer shell, which will make them want to form an ionic bond
with other atoms

Use the following additional information to answer the next question

When oxygen molecules split into single atoms that have unpaired
electrons, they become unstable free radicals that seek other atoms or
molecules to bond to. If this continues to happen, it begins a process
called oxidative stress. Oxidative stress can damage the body’s cells
causing symptoms of aging, such as wrinkles.

18. How many electron(s) must an oxygen free radical gain or lose
in order to achieve an electron configuration of the closest noble gas?
a. Lose 1
b. Gain 2
c. Gain 3
d. Lose 4

19. Which of the following statements below is TRUE?

a. Electron pairs are more likely to participate in bond formation
than unpaired electrons.
b. Electrons, being positively charged, repel one another and
remain apart as far as possible.
c. When more than four electrons occupy one energy level,
electrons form pairs that interact in such a way that allows them
to be closer together.
d. The maximum number of electrons an atom can have is eight.

Use the following table to answer the next two questions

Al Low density
Strong resistance to corrosion
Good conductor
Cu Flexible
Resistant to corrosion
Good conductor
Au Shiny
Resistant to corrosion
Soft & easily shaped

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 20. The examples in the table above are all examples of
a. Ionic compounds
b. Metallic compounds
c. Crystal lattices
d. Network solids

21. Which of the atoms in the table above is unique because of how
it is found in nature?
a. Al
b. Cu
c. Au
d. None of the above

22. Which of the following lists the molecules in terms of decreasing

bond angle?
a. Ozone, nitrate ion, methane
b. Nitrate ion, ozone, methane
c. Methane, ozone, nitrate ion
d. Nitrate ion, methane, ozone

Use the following information to answer the next two questions

General formulae can be used to express the composition of a molecule
so that the VSEPR shape may be easily identified. Most commonly,
chemists will use “A” to symbolize a central atom, “X” to symbolize an
atom or other group, and “E” to symbolize a lone pair of electrons.

23. Which of the following general formulae is NOT possible for a

tetrahedral electron geometry?
a. AX4
b. AX3E
c. AX2
d. AX2E2

24. Which of the following statements is true?

a. A molecule that has a general formula of AX3 has an electron
geometry that is bent
b. A molecule that has a general formula of AX2E has the same
electron and electron geometry
c. Molecules with a general formula of AX3 and AX2E will have the
same electron geometries, but different molecular geometries
d. An example of a molecule that has a general formula of AX 3E is
water

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 Use the following information to answer the next question
A chemist was decomposing ammonium hydroxide to form two products.
Product A was in gaseous form and had bond angles of less than 109.5°.
Product B was in liquid form and had bond angles even smaller than those
found in Product A.
25. Which of the following options correctly lists Product A and
Product B respectively?
a. Ammonia; water
b. Water; ammonia
c. Ammonium; water
d. Water; ammonium

26. Which of the following pairs correctly identifies the atom with
the most London dispersion forces?
a. Ca > Ba
b. Cu > Zn
c. Te > Se
d. Mn > Zr

27. Which best explains the difference in structure between a

network solid and a crystal lattice?
a. A network solid can only be made of carbon, crystal lattices can
be made of any atoms
b. A network solid is very hard, a crystal lattice is very brittle
c. A network solid can be any shape, crystal lattices can only be
cubes
d. A network solid is made up of covalently bonded atoms, crystal
lattices are made up of ions tightly packed together

Use the following table to answer the next three questions

Bond Type Strength (kJ/mol)
P 80-600
Ionic 100-500
Q 40
Dipole-Dipole 30
R 1-20

28. Which of the following is a possible option for “P”?

a. Metallic
b. Hydrogen
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 c. Covalent
d. London dispersion

29. Which of the following is a possible option for “Q”?

a. Metallic
b. Hydrogen
c. Covalent
d. London dispersion

30. Based on the data in the table, which of the following likely
identifies the general bond type of “Q” and “R”?
a. Intermolecular
b. Intramolecular
c. Triple
d. Double

31. Which of the following compounds is not an example of a

resonance structure?
a. Ozone
b. Sulfur dioxide
c. Methane
d. Nitrogen dioxide

32. A student is confused when they are drawing the structural

diagram of carbon dioxide. Which option best explains how to draw the
correct structural diagram?
a. We need to place single bonds between the carbon and oxygen
in order to satisfy the central atom’s octet
b. The two oxygens will be bonded together because they have the
same electronegativities, and carbon dioxide is non-polar
c. Carbon will be double bonded to each oxygen in order to
complete the octet of each atom
d. Carbon will be triple bonded to each oxygen in order to minimize
the amount of lone pairs on oxygen and keep the shape linear

33. Which of the following would boil at the lowest temperature?

a. C2H6
b. C3H8
c. C4H10
d. C5H12

Use the following information to answer the next question

Some Chemical
9 Compounds
1. CH3OH
2. NaCl
3. CH3F
 34. Which of the compounds is a network solid?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

35. Which of the compounds will exhibit the strongest

intramolecular forces?
a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

36. Which of the compounds has a crystal lattice 3D structure?

a. 1
b. 2
c. 3
d. 4

Use the following graph to answer the next question

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 37. Why is the boiling and melting point of water higher than the
other hydrides?
a. Water has double bonds that require more energy to be broken
b. Water has lone pairs of electrons that prevent the breaking of
intermolecular forces
c. Water has hydrogen bonding present, and therefore more energy
is required to break intermolecular bonds
d. Water contains oxygen, which has the highest electronegativity
and therefore wants to hang on to its’ electrons more

38. Why is there a gradual increase in the melting and boiling point
as we go from H2S to H2Te?
a. We are increasing the number of valence electrons which means
more intramolecular bonds have to be broken
b. We are increasing the size of the atom, which means more
intramolecular bonds have to be broken
c. We are increasing the number of valence electrons, which means
more intermolecular bonds have to be broken
d. We are increasing the size of the atom, which means more
intermolecular bonds have to be broken

39. What is one question I did not ask on this exam that you wanted
me to ask about?

END OF EXAM
Answer Key

1. A
2. B
3. B
4. C
5. B
6. C
7. D
8. A
9. D
10. B
11. C
12. B

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 13. B
14. C
15. C
16. A
17. B
18. C
19. C
20. B
21. C
22. B
23. C
24. C
25. A
26. C
27. D
28. A
29. B
30. A
31. C
32. C
33. A
34. D
35. B
36. B
37. C
38. D
39. Any reasonable and scientifically correct explanation will be
accepted.

Total: 38 marks + bonus

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