MATHEMATICS 1B (MATH141)
TUTORIAL 4 (19–23 AUGUST 2024)
1. Let f be a functionZwhose second derivative is continuous on [−1, 1]. Use integration by
1
parts to show that xf ′′ (x) dx = f ′ (1) + f ′ (−1) − f (1) + f (−1).
−1
Trigonometric substitutions
2. Evaluate the integral using an appropriate trigonometric substitution.
Z Z 2√ 3 Z √
x2 dx 1 + 4x2
(a) √ dx (b) √ √ (c) dx
9 − x2 2 2 x
2 16 − x2 x
Z 1 Z
x2 dx
(d) dx (e) √ (where x > 3/4)
0 (4 + 9x )
2 3/2
x2 16x2 − 9
Z √ Z
dx
(f) 15 − 2x − x dx 2 (g) √ (where x > 2/3)
9x2 + 6x − 8
√ √ √ √
(Ans: (a) 92 sin−1 (x/3)− 12 x 9 − x2 +C, (b) 16 − 483 , (c) 1 + 4x2 −ln 1+4x
1 2 1
+ 2x +
√ √
2x
√
+C, (f) 8 sin−1 x+1
2 −9
C, (d) 27 1
ln 213 + 23 − 9√113 , (e) 16x 9x 4
+ 21 (x+1) 15 − 2x − x2 +
√
1 3x+1 (3x+1)2 −9
C, (g) 3 ln 3 + 3
+ C)
−1
√
3. (a) Show
√ that sinh x = ln(x + x2 + 1) for all x. (Note also that cosh−1 x = ln(x +
x2 − 1) for x ≥ 1.)
Z
dx
(b) Evaluate √ using (i) a trigonometric substitution, and (ii) the hyperbolic
9x2 + 1 √
substitution 3x = sinh u. (Ans: (i) 31 ln | 9x2 + 1+3x|+C, (ii) 13 sinh−1 (3x)+C)
(c) Use part (a) to show that the above answers are equivalent.
√ √
4. Obtain the
√ arc length√of the curve y = ln x from x = 1 to x = 2. (Ans: 5− 2+
ln(2 + 2 2) − ln(1 + 5))
√ x = e (y ∈ [0, ln 3])
y
5. Calculate the area of the surface
√ generated
√ by revolving
√ the curve
about the y axis. (Ans: π[3 10 − 2 + ln(3 + 10) − ln(1 + 2)])
Partial fractions
6. Evaluate the integral using the method of partial fractions.
Z Z
2x2 + 7x + 3 5x2 + 3x − 2
(a) dx (b) dx
(x + 1)3 x3 + 2x2
Z Z 2
5x2 + 6x + 2 x −x+2
(c) dx (d) dx
2
(x + 2)(x + 2x + 5) x3 − 1
Z Z
4x3 − 5x2 + 10x − 7 4x4 − 4x3 + 7x2 − 22x − 10
(e) dx (f) dx
(x2 + 1)(x2 + 3) 2x3 − 4x2 + 4x − 8
2 − x+1 + 2 ln |x + 1| + C, (b) 2 ln |x| + x1 + 3 ln |x + 2| + C, (c)
1 3
(Ans: (a) (x+1)
2 ln |x + 2|+ 32 ln
((x + 1)2 + 4) − 72 tan−1 x+1 + C, (d) 23 ln |x − 1| + 61 ln(x2 + x + 1) −
√ 2
√
3 tan−1 2x+1
√ + C, (e) 3
ln(x 2
+ 1) + 1
ln(x 2
+ 3) − tan −1
x − √4 tan−1 (x/ 3) + C
3 2 2
√ 3
(f) x2 + 2x + 21 ln |x − 2| + 32 ln(x2 + 2) − √12 tan−1 (x/ 2) + C)
Z √
e+1
x
7. Calculate dx using (a) a suitable substitution, and (b) the method of partial
2 x2 − 1
fractions. (Ans: 12 − 12 ln 3)
Z
x3
8. Evaluate dx using (a) a trigonometric substitution, and (b) the method of
(1 + x2 )2
partial fractions. (Ans: 21 ln(1 + x2 ) + 2(1+x 1
2 ) + C)
