Communication skills

Q1. What is Communication?

Answer – The act of giving, receiving, and sharing information

is known as communication
Q2. What is the importance of communication?

Answer – Communication helps to improve physical, social

and good relationships between family and friends.

There are three importance of communication in day to day

life –

a. Inform – We give facts or information to someone in

daisy life.

b. Influence – Sometimes we are required to influence or

change someone in an indirect but usually important
way.

c. Express feelings – if you are expressing your views or

feelings to others is a healthy way to express them.

Q3. What are the elements of communication?

Answer – Communication means giving and receiving, which
is a two-way exchange of information.

Giving information is an example of speaking and writing,

whereas receiving information is an example of reading and
listening.

Q4. What are the seven elements that influence the

communication skills?

Answer – There are seven different factors which affecting

Perspectives in communication –

Language
Environment
Visual Perception
Culture
Prejudice
Feelings
Past Experience
Q5. What is effective communication?

Answer – There are 7 C’s effective communication which are

applicable for both written as well as oral communication.
These are as follows –
 a. Clear – Always say clearly, what you want to say.

b. Concise – Always use simple language and say only what

is required.

c. Concrete – Always use proper words and phrases in the

sentences.

d. Correct – Always use correct spelling and grammar in

the sentences.
e. Coherent – Your word should be related to the main topic
and your word should make sense.
f. Complete – Your message should be complete and have
all the needed information.

g. Courteous – Be honest, respectful and friendly with

others.

Q6. How many types of Communication methods?

Answer – There are main three types of communication

methods –
a. Verbal communication
b. Non-verbal communication
c. Visual communication
Ch 2 self management skills
 1. What do you mean by self – management
skills?

Answer – Your ability to regulate and control your

actions, feelings, and thoughts is referred to as self-
management skills. It also helps to improve personal
and academic goals.

Self-management can also helps in the following

areas:-

Reaching your goals

Developing good habits
Overcoming challenges and difficulties
Overcoming bad habits
2. What are the different practices of self
management skills?

Answer – Self – management skills are –

a. Self – awareness – Ability to control your values,

likes, strengths, dislikes and weaknesses, etc.

b. Self – control – Holding the ability to control your

behavior, discipline, and so on.
 c. Self – confidence – Believe in yourself and don’t be
scared to take risks.

d. Problem solving – Understanding a problem and

finding the solution.

e. Self motivation – Try to complete your tasks

without any external help.

d. Personal hygiene – Be healthy, clean and smart

e. Positive thinking – Expressing certainty or

affirmation even in tough situations

f. Teamwork – Work in team to complete the goals

g. Time management – According to your plan,

achieve the task on time.

h. Goal setting – Plan and accomplish the goals

within a timeframe.

3. Write a short note on the factors influencing self –

management.
Answer – Factors influencing the self – management
are patients, cognitive, mental, and behavioral ability
to identify disease – related symptoms, seek
treatment, and to identify physical, psychological and
social changes.
4. Self – management skills strengths and
weaknesses?

Answer – Self – management skills strengths and

weaknesses –

Strengths –

Think that you are always good at

Think about what you do well
Think about what others appreciate about you
Weaknesses –

Identify the areas where you struggle and what you

find difficult to do
Accept the feedback you receive from others
Be positive with feedback and try to improve yourself.
5. Difference between interests and abilities?
Answer – Interests are the things that we enjoy doing
ability acquired or natural capacity that enable an
individual to perform a particular task with
considerable proficiency.

Interest may include –

Activities you like most to do at school or at home that

make you happy.
Even if no one asks you to do the activity but you want
to do it.
Activities that you like to learn or do in the future.
6. Qualities of self – confidence?

Answer – Qualities of self – confident people –

a. Self – belief – Always believe in yourself and

respect the failures, make you successful in life.

b. Hard Work – Work hard to achieve the goal, don’t

be afraid of failures.

c. Positive Attitude – Positive attitude means

focusing on the goal and trying to achieve.

7. How to build self – confidence?

Answer – There are three steps to build self –
confidence are as follows –

a. Step 1: Appreciate achievements & accept

failures.

b. Step 2: Make a goal and try to achieve.

c. Step 3: Always look on the positive side and be

happy.

8. What are the factors that decrease self –

confidence?

Answer – Some of the factors which decrease self –

confidence

When we think we are unable to complete a task.

When you feel bad from the past mistakes, and
unmotivated.
After failure in the first attempt, do not try again to
achieve the goal.
When we are surrounded by people who have negative
thoughts.
Ch 3 ICT skills
 1. Objectives of Information and communication
technology? Advantages and disadvantages of
ICT.

Answer – Full form of ICT is Information and

communication technology. The goal of ICT is to
bridge the gap between parents, educators, and
students by encouraging sustainable, cooperative, and
transparent communication methods.

Advantages of ICT

Enhanced the modes of communication

Independent learning platforms Cost – efficient
Enhanced data and information security
Paperless – Eliminate the usage of paper
Better teaching and learning methods
Web – based LMS tools
Disadvantages of ICT

Traditional book and handwritten methods are at risk.

Managing courses online is difficult
Teachers require experience to handle ICT
Risk of cyber attacks and hacks
Misuse of technology
 2. What are the default apps installed on
smartphones?

Answer – Some of the default apps installed on

smartphones are

Camera
Phone
Calendar
Mail
Maps
Clock
Message
Web Browser
Music
Google Play store
Apple Store
3. Differentiate between smartphone vs. Tablet.

Answer – Smartphone – Smartphones are just like a

phone with some additional features, Smartphones
are compact and easy to use. Operating systems are
the main software. Some of the smartphones use
Apple iOS, some are using Android OS or some are
using Microsoft OS. Editing the videos or photos is
difficult on the smartphone.
Tablet – It is a portable personal computer with a
touchscreen interface which makes it more user
friendly than the notebook computer. Android OS,
Apple iOS or Windows OS are the most common
operating systems used in the tablet. As compared to
smartphones, tablet screens are bigger in size.
4. What are the features of mobile devices?

Answer – Some of the features present in mobile

devices are

a. Bluetooth: Bluetooth is a wireless technology

which connects with other Bluetooth devices
within 30 feet, you can send photos, songs or
video with the help of the Bluetooth.

b. Chargeable Battery: This is a portable power bank

which can be recharged. If once the battery is
charged you can use this device anywhere.

c. Wi-Fi: Wi-Fi stands for Wireless Fidelity, basically

it is a wireless network technology that connects
your device to the internet or you can connect to
the local area network also.

d. Touch Screen: Touch Screen is an interface where

you can manage your device. Whatever
 information you want to type in the device you
can type using the touch screen.

e. Cellular network connectivity: Cellular network

connectivity provides the network through which
you can make calls.

f. Global Positioning System: It is a navigation

system which helps you to find the direction of
place using a map.

5. What is the purpose of gestures in mobile

devices?

Answer – Gestures help users to interact with the

touchscreen. For example if you want to open an app
instead of clicking you just touch the app the
application will be open.

Some of the gestures in mobile phone are

a. Tap and hold: Tap and hold is similar to right-

clicking on a computer.
b. Swipe: Swipe the finger to right, left, up or down
on the screen, automatically the page will move to
the next page.

c. Tap: Touch the screen with your finger, once, to

click.

d. Double tap: Tap the screen twice time quickly the

screen will zoom, it is used to making the word
appear bigger.

e. Drag: To tap, hold and move your finger across

the screen.

f. Pinch: To bring your thumb and finger together on

the screen automatically the screen will be
zoomed in. It is used to making the word appear
smaller.

. Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU) – Arithmetic and

logical unit performs all arithmetic and logical
operations. For example subtraction, addition,
division and multiplication.

b. Control Unit (CU) – Control Unit instructs the

computer system to perform a particular task. It
takes instructions from memory and executes
them.
d. Memory Unit (MU) – Memory Unit used to store
data or instructions. There are two type of
memory unit

i. Primary Memory – Primary memory is also known

as main memory. This memory is directly accessed
by the microprocessor. Primary memory have two
type RAM and ROM

i) RAM – RAM stands for Random access

memory it is short term memory, RAM
is also known as Volatile memory and
it stores data temporarily.

ii) ROM – ROM stands for Read only

memory it is long term memory, ROM
stores the data permanently.

ii. Secondary Memory – The device

which is used to store data permanently with the
help of external devices is known as Secondary
memory. Example – Hard Disk, Flash drive,
External drive etc.

11. Difference between Hardware and Software?

Answer – A computer system consists of two main

parts – the hardware and the software.

a. Hardware – The physical parts of the

computer are hardware, hardware devices can
be touch and feel. For example Mouse,
Keyboard, Monitor, CPU, etc.
 b. Software – Software is made by programs; it
is a set of instructions used to execute
specific tasks. For example Microsoft Office,
Operating System, Photo editing software.

Ch 4 ENTERPRENURE ship

Answer – An entrepreneur is a person who creates a

new business, takes risks, brings new ideas to start a
business and is self employed.

2. What are the different ideas entrepreneurs

add?

Answer – New ideas with which an entrepreneur adds

varieties of product, new services, cost reduction
ideas, or new marketing techniques.

Role of Entrepreneur
3. What are the roles and benefits of
entrepreneurs?

Answer – The role and benefits of entrepreneurship

a. Economic Development – As entrepreneurs

provide quality products and services for the
customer, entrepreneurs grow their business,
 invest the money in the business and expect good
returns.

b. Social Development – In the beginning the

business is usually very small, to become
successful in the business entrepreneur have to
expand their business, to expand the business
entrepreneur have to work hard and they have to
create more jobs. When the jobs are created by
the entrepreneur then more people will earn
money and have a good life.

c. Improved Standard of Living – When

entrepreneurs sell quality products to the
customer, quality products help people live a
more comfortable life.

d. Optimal Use of Resources – Around us a lot of

renewable and no-renewable resources are
available. Entrepreneurs have to find the most
optimal ways of using the resources to reduce
costs and increase their profits.

4. What are the qualities of successful

entrepreneurs?

Answer – An entrepreneur needs to have the following

qualities –
a. Patience – Success may not be achieved in one-
day , it can take time. It is important for an
entrepreneur to be patient.

b. Positivity – Always be positive when you are

finding difficulty in the business. An entrepreneur
has to think positively even when he/she takes a
big rist.

c. Hard working – An entrepreneur has to work hard

till it becomes successful in the business.

d. Confidence – An entrepreneur has to make

decisions and be very confident about their
business. An entrepreneur needs to communicate
with the customers confidently.

e. Open to Trial and Error – Entrepreneurs have to

implement new ideas, implement trial and error
and new experiments without fear of failure to tell
the business becomes successful.

f. Creativity and Innovation – An entrepreneur

should be able to see and identify the problem
from different perspectives and come up with
creative solutions.
8. What are the different types of business activities
in entrepreneurship?

Answer – There are three types of business activities

in entrepreneurship

a. Product business – If entrepreneurs sell any

physical product to the customer which can be
seen and touched is called a product business.
Example grocery item, sport item or electronic
item.

b. Service business – If an entrepreneur provides

some services to the customers it is called service
business. Example – caching institute, electronic
services shops, call centers etc.

c. Hybrid business – Combination of product and

service business is called hybrid business.
Example – Mobile shop, they provide sell and
service both.

Ch 10 AI project cycle
a. Who – The “Who” element helps us to
understand and categorize who is directly and
indirectly affected by the problem, and who
are known as Stakeholders.

b. What – The “What” section aids us in

analyzing and recognizing the nature of the
 problem, and you may also gather evidence to
establish that the problem you’ve chosen
exists under this block.

d. Where – What is the situation, and where does the

problem arise.

e. Why – Refers to why we need to address the

problem and what the advantages will be for the
stakeholders once the problem is solved.

Statement of the Problem Template

After you’ve completed the above 4Ws, make a
summary of what you’ve learned. The problem
statement template is the name for this summary.
This template summarizes all of the important
points in one place. So, if the same problem
comes again, this statement will make it much
easier to fix.

Data Acquisition
The method of collecting correct and dependable
data to work with is known as data acquisition.
Data can be in the form of text, video, photos,
audio, and so on, and it can be gathered from a
variety of places such as websites, journals, and
newspapers.

What is Data
Data is a representation of facts or instructions
about an entity that can be processed or conveyed
by a human or a machine, such as numbers, text,
pictures, audio clips, videos, and so on.

There is two type of data –

Structured Data
Unstructured Data
Type of data
a. Structured Data
When data is in a standardized format, has a well-
defined structure, follows a consistent order, and
is easily accessible by humans and program. This
data is in the form of numbers, characters, special
characters etc.

b. Unstructured Data
Unstructured data is information that doesn’t
follow traditional data models and is therefore
difficult to store and manage. Video, audio, and
image files, as well as log files, are all examples of
unstructured data.

Dataset
Dataset is a collection of data in tabular format.
Dataset contains numbers or values that are
related to a specific subject. For example,
students’ test scores in a class is a dataset.

The dataset is divided into two parts

a. Training dataset – Training dataset is a large

dataset that teaches a machine learning
model. Machine learning algorithms are
trained to make judgments or perform a task
 through training datasets. Maximum part of
the dataset comes under training data
(Usually 80%)

b. Test dataset – Data that has been clearly

identified for use in tests, usually of a
computer program, is known as test data.
20% of data used in test data

What is Modeling
An AI model is a program that has been trained to
recognize patterns using a set of data. AI modeling is
the process of creating algorithms, also known as
models, that may be educated to produce intelligent
results. This is the process of programming code to
create a machine artificially.
Ch 11 a view on neural network
1. What is algorithm?
Answer – A machine learning algorithm is a series of
instructions that allows a computer programme to
replicate how a human learns to classify different
types of data.

2. Type of learning algorithm?

Answer – There are three type of learning algorithm.
a. Supervised Learning
b. Unsupervised Learning
c. Reinforcement Learning
 3. What is supervised learning?
Answer – Supervised learning is a method of artificial
intelligence development that involves training a
computer algorithm on labelled input data for a
specific output.

4. What is unsupervised learning?

Answer – Unsupervised learning is the use of artificial
intelligence (AI) systems to detect patterns in data
sets that contain data points that are neither
categorized nor labelled.

5. What is reinforcement learning?

Answer – Through reinforcement learning, an
intelligent agent interacts with the environment and
learns to operate within it.

6. What are the future of Neural network?

Answer – The future of Neural network are –
a. Neural network systems are modelled using the
human brain and nervous system.
b. They can extract features without the input of the
programmer.
c. A neural network’s nodes are all machine learning
algorithms.
d. It comes in handy when dealing with problems
involving a huge data set.