Mentee : Jessielou M.

Tambiga
Mentor : Mrs. Edna Q. Galindo
Grade Level : Grade 9
Subject : Science
Method : 4A’s

I. Objectives: At the end of the lesson, the students are expected to:
a. explain how heat transfer and energy transformation make heat engines work.
b. relates heat transfer to real-life situations.
c. construct a model that shows energy transformation work.

II.
III. create an advocacy material or activity that will raise awareness of the
IV. impact
V. of global climatic phenomenon to the people
II. Subject Matter: Explain how Heat Transfer and Energy Transformation make Heat Engines
Work
Reference: You and the Natural World 9, Third Edition, 173-174 Religioso, T, et.al, pp. 209-
216, MELCS in Science p. 514 (S9FE-IVg-45)
https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SCI9-Q4-MOD7.pdf,
https://depedtambayan.net/wp-content/uploads/2022/05/SCI9-Q4-MOD8.2.pdf

Materials: Laptop, PowerPoint, and Pictures

Activity: “Fast Track Challenge”, “Grade 9 Inventor”, “CreAte Me”.
III. Procedure
Teacher Activity Student Activity
1. Old Lesson
A. Drill
Now let us have an activity called “Fast Track Challenge”.
I will divide the class into 2 groups. You are going to
select 1 representative in each group. In this activity is you
will guess the answer to the question that I will be
flashing on the board. The first group who can guess the
answer will step forward and soon. Am I understood?

1. Which of the following is the rate of heat transfer

unit?

Joule
Watts Pascal 1. Joule
Newton

2. A person prefers to sit by a fire during the cold winter

months. Which of the following heat transfer types gives
him the most heat?
2. Radiation will provide quick warmth.
Radiation will provide quick warmth.
Convection and radiation together.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
If it is near the fire, convection sounds good.
Conduction from the fire.

3. Which of the following mechanisms are involved in

heat transfer?
3. All the above.
All the above. Conduction.

Convection.
Radiation.

4. Stored energy and the energy of position

are__________ energy.

Potential Energy 4. Potential Energy

Kinetic energy
Energy transfer
Heat energy.

5. Another word for kinetic energy could be _______

energy.
5. Moving
Moving Potential

Safe Stored

B. Review Conduction involves direct contact, convection the

What are the differences among the conduction, movement of heated particles, and radiation involves the
convection and radiation? emission of electromagnetic waves.

How does conduction differ from convection and radiation Conduction involves the direct transfer of heat
in terms of the mechanism of heat transfer? through physical contact between materials.
Convection, on the other hand, relies on the
movement of heated particles within a fluid medium
to transfer heat. Radiation, meanwhile, involves the
emission of electromagnetic waves to transfer heat,
and it does not require a medium for propagation.

Radiation involves the emission of electromagnetic

Explain the process of heat transfer in radiation and waves, such as light or infrared radiation, to transfer
how it constructs with conduction and convection?
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
heat. Unlike conduction and convection, radiation
does not require a medium and can occur through a
vacuum.

2. New Lesson
1. Preparation Yes teacher.
Have you experienced boiling water at home?
The purpose why we boil the water is that to make a
What could be the purpose why you boil water? coffee, milk and etc.

So I have here a hot water and a mug.

Can I ask for a volunteer to come here and touch (students raise their hands)
the empty mug?

Alright, how will you describe the temperature of Not that cold, not that hot teacher.
the mug?

Very good! Thank you.

(I will pour the hot water to the mug)

(Students raise their hands)
Can I ask for another volunteer to touch the mug?
(The student toucheS the mug)
Now, touch the mug.

What do you think will happen to the mug I fill it The temperature of the mug is hot.
with hot water?
It is because of heat transfer teacher.
Why did you think this happened?

2. Presentation
Today, we will explaining how heat transfer and
energy transformation make heat engines work. And
this lesson you will be guided with the following
objectives:

a. explain how heat transfer and energy

transformation make heat engines work.
b. relates heat transfer to real-life situations.
c. construct a model that shows energy
transformation work.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
A. Activity

Now let us proceed to our activity called “Grade 9

Inventor”. This activity is related to our discussion
today which is heat transfer and energy transfer to
make engines work. I will read the mechanics.

Mechanics:
1. The class will be divided into Three groups.
2. Each group will be given materials needed for
the activity.
3. Each group must select a leader, secretary,
reporter, and timekeeper.
4. While presenting your output you are going to
make jingle to represent your group.
5. After 10 minutes you are going to present
your output.

Group 1
Thermal-power flower
Materials Needed:
 straw
 clay
 colored paper Group 1
 washer or screw eye Thermal-power flower
 Scissors
 candle (4) Guide Questions:
 Tape 1. As we use 4 candles, the thermal- power flower
 Ruler will spin faster.
 lighter 2. Through the help of candles the flower will spin
that release heat in the experiment.
Procedure: 3. I can infer that our experiment is valid and
1. Draw and cut a flower out of your cardboard or accurate because of the outcome
colored paper. Twist each of the
flower petals to create a fan shape.
2. Cut the straw to 4 inches long and the barbecue
stick to 5 inches from the pointed
end.
3. Wrap the clay around the straw. Let it stand up
vertically. You have to make sure
that there is no clay inside the straw.
4. Get a small piece of clay to attach the center of
your flower to the flat end of the
barbecue stick. Then slip it inside the straw like in
the Figure 1 below.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
5. Place the small candles around the base of the
straw and light them. See Figure
2 below. Observe what happens.

Guide Questions:
1. What is happening to your thermal-powered
flower?
2. What causes the flower to spin? Why?
3. What can you infer in this activity?

Group 2
Wind vane
Materials:
Cardboard
Color Papers
Plastic Spoons Group 2
Fevicol Gum Wind vane
Glue Gun/ Sticks Guide Questions:
Chop Sticks 1. As you observe in our experiment of wind vane. It
Water Pen with refill will not measure the wind and locate the direction of
Paper Cup which the wind blows without the present of the
wind.
Procedure: 2. Causes the wind vane to rotate or to spin is the
1. Prepare a cardboard and get the paper cup. wind energy.
2. Wrap the paper cup. Then make a hole in the 3. All I can say is that our experiment is valid and
center of the paper cup. legit to use in the farm and place it on the top of the
3. Using stick glue. Put some glue in the mouth of the roof top.
paper cup.
4. Get the water pen with refill. And insert it to the
hole of the cup then put some glue so that it will not
ruin your experiment.
5. Make a hole in the center of the plastic cup. Then
insert the stick on it.
6. Then put the plastic spoon in the stick and stick
glue it so that it will stay there, on the top of the stick
make an arrow so that it will mark it as the direction
of the wind.
7. Make a north, south, west, and east mark so that
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
we can locate where is the direction goes by on the
bottom of the paper cup and observe what happen.

Guide Question:

1. What is happening to your Wind vane?

2. What causes the wind vane to rotate or to spin?

3. What can you infer in this activity?

Group 3
Pinwheel

Materials: Group 3
Magnet Pinwheel
Bronze
Mirror Guide Questions:
Stick 1. During our preparation of the pinwheel is not easy
Plastic fan it is because we need a magnet to make our pinwheel
work.
Procedure:
1. Prepare magnet 2. The causes of the plastic fan to spin is that through
2. Cut the bronze wire in 1 meter. Twist it and roll the source of magnet and the bronze rolled.
it.
3. connect the plastic fan into the stick and 3. If we remove the magnet where the fan is place the
observe what happen. plastic fan will not move. And as we place back the
magnet of course it works.

4. All I can say is that without the help of magnet,

mirror and the bronze wire our experiment will be
failed.
Guide Questions:
1. What is happening to your Pinwheel?

2. What causes to the plastic fan to spin?

3. What will happen to the plastic fan if you

remove the magnet?
 Teacher Activity Student Activity

4. What can you infer in this activity?

B. Analysis
(Students present their answers)

Let us define what is heat engines, what do you mean

by heat engine?
Heat engines is a device that convert heat to
mechanical energy, which can be used to do work.
Very Good! thank you.

Just like for example. I have here a picture and I want

you to observe it.

How is heat converted to work in the vehicles?

The heat converted to work in the vehicles through
gasoline.
Ver good! the vehicles will move or run through
gasoline.

What if there is no fuel involved then what will

happen to the vehicles?
Then the vehicles cannot release a heat to do work.
Very good! how is work related into heat?
Heat and work are related to each other because they
are referred to as heat engines.
That is right. Heat cannot be wholly transformed into
work because thermal energy when converted is
mostly dissipated into the system as wasted.

Dissipated means any energy that is not transferred

useful energy stores is said to be wasted because it is
lost to the surroundings.

Why can't heat be completely transformed into work

 Teacher Activity Student Activity
in practical systems?
Heat can’t be completely transformed into work in
practical systems primarily because of inefficiencies
For example: the car’s thermal energy or heat which and loses in the conversion process.
comes out of the exhaust or from the radiator will
become a wasted energy.

What happens to thermal energy when it is converted

into work?

Doing mechanical work on the system will increase When thermal energy is converted into work, it is
its internal energy just like for example rubbing two transformed into mechanical energy.
dry sticks together and they’ll become hot.

If we are going to rub the two sticks together it will

release smoke to produce a heat.

Let us check your work, group 1, as the flames from

each candle heat the air up around them, the air
expands and become less dense than the surrounding.

What did you used to your experiment in the thermal

power plant?

We used candle to make our thermal power plant to

what will happen to the thermal plant if you are going spin.
to 5 candles in your experiment?

Very Good.
Then our thermal power plant will release to much
This causes the heated air to rise upwards, creating a heat that will cause the spin to fast.
gentle, warm breeze that causes the flower to rotate
or spin.

Therefore, heat transfer can be used to do work.

Just like for example in the group 1, the power flower

will spin because there is the present of heat. Without
heat the flower will not also spin.

Very good! group 1.

Another way around, when you do heavy work or do

exercises, your body produces heat, which makes you
perspire.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity

Heat transfer is always seen in our daily lives. What

do you mean by heat transfer?

Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy

Heat transfer occurs whenever there is a temperature from a hotter object to a cooler one.
change. In simpler terms, it's the process of hot
things making cooler things warmer.

Just like for example, the working substance in a

steam engine is water; for the gasoline engine, it is
the gasoline and air mixture.

There are two major types of heat engines:

1. Internal combustion engine

2. External combustion engine.

What do you mean about internal combustion

engine? Burns fuel inside the engine. Gasoline engines and
diesel engines are an example of this.

When we say internal combustion engine, these

engines operate on a four-cycle stroke, intake,
compression, power, and exhaust.

When we say intake, the intake valve opens, causing

air and gasoline to enter the engine. Gases combine
with the fuel. This causes the piston to travel down.

Second one is the compression. The intake valve

closes, while the piston travels up, causing the
mixture of air and foul to be compressed.

Third is combustion. The spark plug will produce the

spark that ignites the compressed fuel.
The last one exhaust. The exhaust valve opens, while
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
the piston goes back up. This causes the exhaust
gases to be expelled as smoke.

This entire process is called the otto cycle. And it is

invented by the famous Nikolaus August Otto, who is
credited for the invention of the internal combustion
engine.

Second major types of heat engines external

combustion engine.

What do you mean by external combustion engine?

External combustion engine works by using an

external heat source (like burning coal) to heat a
Famous example of external combustion engine. working fluid (like water).

Burns fuel outside the engine. Steam engine is an

example.

Just like for example.

This is a modern flatiron. If the coal is absence, then

there will no heat transfer occur to do work.

Let us check the work of group 2,In the work of

group 2 work, what causes the wind vane to rotate or
to spin?
The wind teacher.
What type of transformation occur in group 2?
Energy transformation teacher.
Very Good! it is energy transformation.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
What do you mean by energy transformation?
Energy transformations are processes that convert
energy from one type into another (kinetic,
gravitational potential, chemical energy).
Any type of energy use must involve some sort of
energy transformation.

Here are the types of energy.

Let us proceed to the work of group 3, which is

pinwheel, the magnet is represent as the heat
conductor.
What type of heat engines is the pin wheel to make Free energy.
an engine work?
Free energy is used to determine how systems change
What do you mean by free engine? and how much work they can produce.

Best example is the work of group 3.

C. Abstraction
Heat can do work through various mechanisms,
How can heat to do work? primarily by driving processes that involve the
transfer of energy from a higher temperature region
to a lower temperature region.

How do heat engines utilize temperature differences Heat engines utilize temperature differences by
to perform work efficiently? extracting thermal energy from a high-temperature
reservoir, converting some of it into useful work, and
then releasing waste heat to a low-temperature
reservoir.

Why do heat engines extract thermal energy from a

high-temperature reservoir and release waste heat to
 Teacher Activity Student Activity
a low-temperature reservoir during their operation?
Heat engines extract thermal energy from a high-
temperature reservoir to perform useful work, while
releasing waste heat to a low-temperature reservoir to
comply with the second law of thermodynamics,
which states that heat naturally flows from hotter to
cooler regions.

D. Application
Directions: Let us have another activity and this
activity is what we called “CreAte Me”. I will divide
the class into 5 group. As you hear the first clap, you (Students do as told).
will stand up. If you hear 2 claps, you are going to
your group as quietly as you can. If you hear 3 claps,
then you are going to sit down and listen to my
instructions. In your group you are going to make a
device that shows heat engines work like lamps, and
fans or any device that you want.

Creativity: 10 points
Content: 10 points
Organization: 5 points
Total of 25 points

IV. Assessment
(“Work It Out”)
Directions: Study the pictures below. Encircle the
letter of the ones that illustrate that work involves the
released of heat and box the picture/s that heat
transfer was used to do work.
 Teacher Activity Student Activity

B. Directions: Using the following activities below,

discuss how work involves the release of heat and
how heat can be used to do work. 1. In jogging it can give sweat to our body and it can
1. Jogging nurture us in way of living, and it can foster also to
our body language.

In dancing it can also release sweat and it can make

2. Dancing our bodily- kinesthetic and it can improve our way of
fitness.

3. Walking
In walking it can maintain our way of breathing.

V. Assignment

Directions: In your ½ sheet of paper you will be

going to answer the question directly.

1. What do you think is the effect of this exhaust gas

into the environment?

2.. As a student, how can you help minimize the

effects of thermal pollution?