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2023-24
HALF YEARLY
EXAM
NCERT BASED
SYLLABUS
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FOR
CBSE BOARD
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 Half Yearly Exam 2023-24
Question Paper

Class - X Subject – Science

Time – 3 Hours Maximum Marks- 80

General Instructions:
i. This question paper consists of 39 questions in 5 sections.
ii. All questions are compulsory. However, an internal choice is provided in some questions. A
student is expected to attempt only one of these questions.
iii. Section A consists of 20 objective type questions carrying 1 mark each.
iv. Section B consists of 6 Very Short Answer questions carrying 02 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 30 to 50 words.
v. Section C consists of 7 Short Answer type questions carrying 03 marks each. Answers to these
questions should be in the range of 50 to 80 words.
vi. Section D consists of 3 Long Answer type questions carrying 05 marks each. Answer to these
questions should be in the range of 80 to 120 words.
vii. Section E consists of 3 source-based/case-based units of assessment of 04 marks each with sub-
parts. Internal choice is provided in one of these sub parts.

SECTION A [1x20=20]
1. Which of the following is an example of endothermic reaction? [1]
(a) burning of Mg in air
(b) reaction of acid with base
(c) reaction of Zn with HCl
(d) electrolysis of water
2. Choose an example of a reaction which produces yellow precipitate: [1]
(a) reaction of dilute HCl and dilute NaOH .
(b) Reaction of Barium Hydroxide solution and Ammonium Chloride solution.
(c) Reaction of Sodium sulphate and Barium chloride solutions.
(d) Reaction of Lead Nitrate solution and Potassium Iodide solution.
3. Which of the following gases can be used for storing fried food for longer time: [1]
(a) CO2& O2
(b) N2&SO2
(c) CO2&SO3
(d) N2& He
4. Chemically rust is :- [1]
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(a) ferric sulphate

(b) ferric oxide
(c) hydrated ferric oxide
(d) hydrated ferrous oxide

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 5. Which of the following does not have water of crystallization [1]
(a) Bleaching powder
(b) POP
(c) Green Vitriol
(d) Washing soda
6. Sodium carbonate is a basic salt because it is a salt of [1]
(a) Strong acid and strong base
(b) Weak acid and strong base
(c) Weak acid and weak base
(d) Strong acid and weak base
7. Acids show _________colourwith methyl orange while bases turn it _________ in colour. [1]
(a) blue, red
(b) brown, yellow
(c) red, yellow
(d) yellow ,brown

8. The labeling for the slide of leaf peel showing stomata by a group of four students who made
the diagram and tabulated the labels as follows: [1]

Choose the correct combination of plots provided in the following table.

X Y Z

(a) Chloroplast Guard cell Stomatal pore

(b) Chloroplast Stomatal pore Guard cell

(c) Guard cell Stomatal pore Chloroplast

(d) Stomatal pore Chloroplast Guard cell

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 9. Observe the figure given below. [1]

In the figure, some parts are labeled as P, Q, R, S, and T. Given below are functions associated
with these parts.

Parts of brain Functions

P Master gland

Q Controls body temperature

R Controls reflex actions

S Helps to control the balance

T Involuntary actions

Which part of the brain is matched with incorrect function?

(a) P and S
(b) P, Q, and T
(c) R and T
(d) P, R, and T
10. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true about excretion in human beings? [1]
i) Urine is stored in the urethra until the urge of passing it out.
ii) Each kidney has large numbers of filtration units called nephrons.
iii) The bladder is muscular, so it is under nervous control.
iv) Kidneys are the primary excretory organs.
(a) i and ii only
(b) i and iii only
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(c) ii, iii, and iv only

(d) i and iv only

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 11. The figure given below shows a schematic plan of blood circulation in humans with labels (i)
to (iv). Identify the correct label with its functions. [1]

(a) i. Pulmonary vein – takes impure blood from the body part.
(b) ii. Pulmonary artery – takes blood from the lung to the heart.
(c) iii. Aorta – takes blood from the heart to body parts.
(d) iv. Vena cava – takes blood from body parts to the right auricle.
12. In a synapse, a chemical signal is transmitted from [1]
(a) dendritic end of one neuron to axonal end of another neuron
(b) axon to the cell body of the same neuron
(c) cell body to the axonal end of the same neuron
(d) axonal end of one neuron to the dendritic end of another neuron.
13. Which of the following lens would you prefer to use while reading small letters found in a
dictionary? [1]
(a) A convex lens of focal length 50 cm
(b) A concave lens of focal length 50cm
(c) A convex lens of focal length 5 cm
(d) A concave lens of focal length 5 cm
14. A student sitting on the last bench can read the letters written on the blackboard but is not able
to read the letters written in his textbook. Which of the following statements is correct? [1]
(a) The near point of his eyes has receded away
(b) The near point of his eyes has come closer to him
(c) The far point of his eyes has come closer to him
(d) The far point of his eyes has receded away

15. Which part of nephron allows the selective reabsorption of useful substances like glucose,
amino acids, salts and water into the blood capillaries? [1]
(a) Tubule
(b) Glomerulus
(c) Bowman’s capsule
(d) Ureter

16. A farmer wants to grow banana plants genetically similar to the already available in his fields.
Which one of the following methods would you suggest for this purpose? [1]
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(a) Regeneration
(b) Budding
(c) Vegetative propagation
(d) Sexual reproduction
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 Following questions consist of two statements – Assertion (A) and use (R). Answer these
questions selecting the appropriate option given below:
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.

17. Assertion : The ores of reactive metals cannot be reduced by carbon. [1]
Reason : The reactive metals have more affinity for oxygen than carbon.

18. Assertion (A): Pyruvate is a six-carbon molecule [1]

Reason (R) : It is prepared in the cytoplasm as the first step to cellular respiration.

19. Assertion (A): A current carrying wire should be charged. [1]

Reason (R): The current in a wire is due to flow of free electrons in a definite direction.
20. Assertion (A): The probability of survival of an organism produced through sexual
reproduction is more than that of an organism produced through asexual mode.
Reason (R): Variations provide advantages to individuals for survival. [1]

SECTION B [2x6=12]
21. Give reason for:- [2]
i. Carbon doesn’t form C 4+ .
ii. Graphite conducts electricity but diamond doesn’t.
OR
i. Give the electron dot structure of CHCl3.
22. List two differences between the movement of the leaves of a sensitive plant and the
movement of the shoot towards light. [2]

23. Give the name of the enzyme present in the fluid in our mouth cavity. State the gland which
produces it. What would happen to the digestion process if this gland stops secreting this
enzyme? [2]
OR
How is lymph an important fluid involved in transportation? If lymphatic vessels get blocked,
how would it affect the human body? Elaborate.
24. A student focused the image of a candle flame on a white screen by placing the flame at
various distances from a convex lens. He noted his observations: [2]

Distance of flame from the lens (cm) Distance of flame from the lens(cm)
60 20
40 24
30 30
24 40
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15 70
(a) From the above table, find the focal length of lens without using lens formula.
(b) Which set of observations is incorrect and why?

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 25. Why does the sky appear dark instead of blue to an astronaut? Explain why the planets do not
Twinkle? [2]
26. How will an organism benefit if it reproduces through spores? [2]

SECTION C [3x7=21]
27. (i) What is a thermal decomposition reaction ? [3]
(ii) Pb(NO3)2 heat
(iii) What are oxidising agents ?
28. (i) Give two differences between roasting and calcination of ores . [3]
(ii) Complete and balance: - Ca + H2O
29. What are the components of gastric juice? Write their functions. [3]
30. (a) Draw a well-labeled diagram of a reflex arc and show the direction of the flow of electrical
signals.
(b) Why is the flow of signals in a synapse from the axonal end of one neuron to the dendritic
end of another neuron but not the reverse? [3]
31. A person needs a lens of power −4𝐷 for correction of her vision. [3]
(a) What kind of defect in vision is she suffering from?
(b) What is the focal length of the corrective lens?
(c) What is the nature of the corrective lens?
32. A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms an image 10 cm from the lens. [3]
(a) How far is the object placed from the lens?
(b) Draw the ray diagram
(c) Find the magnification produced.

33. (a) State the law, which relates the current I in a conductor to the potential difference 𝑉 across its
ends. Write the complete statement for it.
(b) Draw a labelled circuit diagram for the verification of this law.
(c) Explain with the help of 𝐼 − 𝑉graph that how this law is verified? [3]

SECTION D [5x3=15]
34. (i) Why do the metals like Au and Pt occur in free state? [5]
(ii) Give the constituents of solder
(iii) Why are Na and K stored under kerosene?
(iv) With the help of Lewis dot structure show the formation of CaCl 2.
OR
(i) Why do ionic compounds have high melting point?
(ii) Give the reactions to show the amphoteric nature of Al2O3.
(iii) Give the reactions involved in extraction of Hg from it’s ore
35. Give reasons for the following : [5]
(a) During reproduction, inheritance of different proteins will lead to altered body designs.
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(b) Some patients of diabetes are treated by giving injections of insulin.

(c) All multicellular organisms cannot give rise to new individuals through fragmentation or
regeneration.
(d) Vegetative propagation is practised for growing only some type of plants.
(e) Cell division is considered as a type of reproduction in unicellular organisms.
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 OR
(a) What is vegetative propagation? List two advantages and two disadvantages of vegetative
propagation.
(b) Reproduction is linked to stability of population of a species. Justify the statement.
(c) Colonies of yeast fail to multiply in water, but multiply in sugar solution. Give one reason for
this.
36. (a) State the laws of refraction of light that defines the refractive index of a medium with respect
to the other. Express it mathematically. How is the refractive index of any medium 'A' with
respect to a medium 'B' related to the speed of propagation of light in two media A and B? State
the name of this constant when one medium is vacuum or air. [3]
(b) The refractive indices of glass and water with respect to vacuum are 3/2 and 4/3,
respectively. If the speed of light in glass is 2×108m/sec find the speed of light in
(i) vacuum, (ii) water. [2]
OR
The linear magnification produced by a spherical mirror is +3. Analyze the nature of image
and state the (i) type of mirror and (ii) position of the object is 10cm with respect to the pole of
the mirror then find image distance and focal length of mirror. Draw a ray diagram to show
the formation of image in this case. [5]
SECTION E [4x3=12]
37. Arjun went to a wedding one night. Next day he experienced discomfort and pain in his stomach.
When he went to see the doctor, he was advised to take antacids. He got relief after taking two
doses of the prescribed medicine. [4]
(i) What are antacids chemically? Give one example.
(ii) Give the preparation of Plaster Of Paris.
(iii) What are weak acids ? Give an example.
(iv) CuO + HCl
OR
(iv) NaCl + H2O. elecricity

38. If the body design in the squirrel relied only on electrical impulses via nerve cells, the range of
tissues instructed to prepare for the coming activity would be limited. On the other hand, if a
chemical signal were to be sent as well, it would reach all cells of the body and provide the wide-
ranging changes needed. This is done in many animals, including human beings, using a hormone
called adrenaline that is secreted from the adrenal glands.

(a) Which is the target organ for the adrenaline hormone? [1]
(b) Name the hormones released by ovary? [1]
(c) Which hormone is released by thyroid gland? Mention the role of this hormone. [2]
OR
(c) How is the timing and amount of hormone release regulated in our body?
Explain with an example. [2]
39. We all know that, the different colours of light are due to the different wavelength or
frequency of light. The visible spectrum shows different colours from which red light is having
largest wavelength and violet light is having shortest wavelength. As the wavelength of the
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light increases the corresponding refractive index of the medium decreases. As the speed of
light depends on the refractive index and thereby on the wavelength also. So it is responsible
for the disperation of light in that medium. We see in rainy season, rainbow in the sky which is
only due to the dispersion of sunlight through water droplets present in the atmosphere. The
7

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 observer can see the rainbow when he is seeing opposite to the direction where sun is present.
The blue colour of the sky is due to the scattering of light by the atmospheric dust particles.
Light having shorter wavelength scatters more than the light having longer wavelength. Hence,
violet light having shorter wavelength get scattered more than blue light but the light reaches
to our eyes is blue mostly, because our eyes cannot be sensitive to violet light.

(i) Name the phenomenon responsible for formation of rainbow in the sky. [1]
(ii) How the amount of scattering of light is related to wavelength of light? [1]
(iii) Why vacuum acts as a non dispersive medium? [2]
OR
(iii) Why are stop signals on roads in red colored light? [2]
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