Topics covered in Today Lecture 23-11-2K24
1. Real Number System
2. Cartesian Product
3. Relation
4. Domain and Range
5. Function
6. Graphical Representation
Cartesian product
Cartesian product of two sets A and B, denoted A × B, is the set of
all ordered pairs (a, b) where a is in A and b is in B
Cartesian product
Q.no.1
Solution:
Cartesian product
Q.no.2
Solution:
Q.no.3
Solution:
Relation
A relation is an abstract type of connection between two persons or object.
(Mother, Son )
Relation
A relation is an abstract type of connection between two persons or object.
(Allah, Human Beings )
Relation
Technically a relation is a set of ordered pairs whose elements are ordered
pairs of related numbers or objects.
Mathematically
Let A and B be two non-empty sets, then any subset of the Cartesian product 𝐴 × 𝐵 is called a binary
relation, or simply a relation, from A to B. Ordinarily a relation will be denoted by the letter r
Function
Function
Function
Function
Function
Function
Chapter 1 Function
Functions are a tool for describing the real world in mathematical terms. A function
can be represented by an equation, a graph, a numerical table, or a verbal
description.
Domain
The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain
(x , y)
Domain
The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain
(x , y)
( All possible input values is called domain)
Domain
The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain
(x , y)
( All possible input values is called domain)
Range
The set of second elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its range
(s, t)
Domain
The set of first elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its domain
(x , y)
( All possible input values is called domain)
Range
The set of second elements of the ordered pairs forming a relation is called its range
(s, t)
( All possible output values is called range)
Example
𝒚=𝒇 𝒙 Read as : Y equals f of x
𝒚=𝒇 𝒙 Read as : Y equals f of x
Dependent Variable Independent Variable
( All possible input values is called domain)
( All possible output values is called range)
A Function can be defined between two Sets
𝑓: 𝑋 → 𝑌 or 𝑦 = 𝑓(𝑥)
Elements of set A → input
Elements of set B → Output
Definition of Functions
Functions are the mappings which maps each and every
elements of set A to give a unique element of set B
All relations are not a functions but every functions are relations
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
Not Function 1) unique mapping but all
elements (3) are not mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
Not Function 1) unique mapping but all
elements (3) are not mapped
Yes Function because 1. Unique
Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
Not Function 1) unique mapping but all Not Function because 1). element 1
elements (3) are not mapped has mapped two elements
Yes Function because 1. Unique
Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
In these Four relation, tell me Which relation is function ?
Not Function 1) unique mapping but all Not Function because 1). element 1
elements (3) are not mapped has mapped two elements
Yes Function because 1. Unique Yes Function because 1. Unique
Mapping 2. All elements are mapped Mapping 2. All elements are mapped
Often a function is given by a formula that describes how to calculate the output value from the input variable.
Graph of Function
Horizontal Line
Equation 𝑥=𝑎
Examples 𝑥=1 𝑥=2
𝑦 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠
− 𝑥 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠
− 𝑦 𝑎𝑥𝑖𝑠
Vertical Line
Equation 𝑌=𝑏
Examples 𝑌=1
𝑥=𝑎
Home Work
Home Work
