Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
PUBLIC TECHNICAL-VOCATIONAL
HIGH SCHOOLS

Unit of Competency: USE BASIC HAND TOOLS

Module No.: 2 Module Title: USING BASIC HAND TOOLS

Program / Course Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC-1

Unit of Competency Use of Basic Hand Tools

Module Title: Using Basic Hand Tools

INTRODUCTION:

This module contains information and suggested learning activities

in using basic hand tools. It includes instructions and procedures on how
to use hand tools.

Completion of this module will help you better understand the

succeeding module on preparation of weld materials.

This module consists of three (3) learning outcomes. Each learning

outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets.
Before you perform the instructions, read the information sheets and
answer the self-check and other activities provided to as certain yourself
and your instructor that you have acquired the knowledge necessary to
perform the skill portion of the particular learning outcome.

Upon completing this module, report to your instructor for

assessment to check your achievement of knowledge and skills
requirements. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate
of completion.

EXPECTED OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of the module you should be able to:

LO1 Select and classify hand tools;

LO2 Use hand tools; and
LO3 Maintain hand tools.

PRETEST
Test I :Multiple Choice

Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate answer
sheet.

1. Defective hand tools are kept and

a) Marked as defective.
b) Mixed together with non-defective tools.
c) Put anywhere in the shop.
d) Placed in the shop unlabeled

i
2. Way of checking hand tools as either defective or non-defective:

a) Length of service
b) Trade mark of the manufacturer
c) Physical appearance
d) All of the above

3. _________ of hand tools is determined after the operation is tested

through:

a) Service span
b) Performance
c) Physical appearance
d) Repair Maintenance

4. All defective hand tools are subjected for:

a) Repair
b) Condemnation
c) Display/sample
d) All of the above

5. Service span pertains to:

a) Maintenance Schedule
b) Determine when the tool is acquired
c) Hand tools considered functional
d) All of the above

6. A maintenance process of moving assembled parts and hand tools

through the use of oil and greases.
a. Simple Repair
b. Lubricating
c. Hand Sharpening
d. Tightening

7. What is considered a minor repair?

a. The task not too long to perform
b. Whole item to be replaced
c. Motor over hauling
d. None of the above

1
 8. Proper storage of hand tools is like simply saying that:
a. Hand tools are placed together in one place.
b. In the tool cabinet with proper labeling
c. In any place in the tool room
d. All of the above.
9. “Urgent repair” a term similar to:
a. Maintenance schedule
b. Maintenance Inspection
c. An ordinary routine
d. An immediate repair
10. Don’t pile up jigs, tools and materials without:
a. Label
b. Separator
c. Identification
d. Stamping

Test II :Matching Type

Direction:
Read the instruction carefully. Match column A with column B. Write letters of the correct
answer on the blanks provided before the number. Use separate answer sheet.
Column A Column B

_____1. standardize A. Clean your workplace completely

so that there is no dust on the floor,
machinery and equipment.

_____2. sort B. Do things spontaneously without

being told or ordered.
_____3.self-discipline C. Sort out unnecessary items and
dispose them properly.
_____4. systematize D. Maintain high standard of
workplace organization and house
keeping at all times.
_____5. sweep E. Arrange necessary items in good
order so that they can easily pick for
use.

2
Learning Outcome LO1: Select hand tools

Introduction:
Program/Course Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NC-1

Unit of Competency Use Basic Hand Tools

Module Title Using Basic Hand Tools

This lesson covers the knowledge skills and attitude required in

selecting handtools according to the job requirements

Assessment Criteria:

1. Hand tools were selected and classified according to the job

requirements.

2. Unserviceable or defective tools are identified and marked for repair

according to procedures.

Definition of Terms

Measuring tools- are tools use to measure the dimension of an object or

metal.

Try Square- It is an instrument used to measure the squareness of an

object.
Micrometer Caliper- is a precision measuring instrument used
to measure dimensions in thousandths of an inch.
Vernier Caliper- is a precision measuring instrument used to measure the
inside, outside diameter, as well as depth of hole and slot.
Hacksaw- is a tooth cutting tool usually with a solid and adjustable frame.
Files- are made of high grade steel hardened and tempered. It has rows of
teeth that form, shape and finish metal by removing small chips and
smoothing rough edges of the metal surface.

Cold Chisel- a wedge-shape tool used to shear, cut and chip metal.

Scraper- is used in removing points, burrs and sharp edges from metal
surface and similar parts.

Punches- are used for permanent marking on surface of metal.

Ballpeen hammer- it is used for straightening bending and deforming

metals.
Chipping hammer. It is used for removing slags on weld and with two

3
faces, the tapered from one side and round pointed on the other side.

Wrench- is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and
bolts.

Adjustable wrench- has a movable jaw which makes it adjustable to

various sizes of nuts.

Screwdriver- is a hand tool that is designed to turn screws. The blade is

made of steel, attached to one end of which a wooden or plastic handle.

Pliers- Used for holding, cutting and twisting wires

4
 INFORMATION SHEET # 1.1

Select and Classify Hand tools

Introduction:

Selection from the available hand tools in the welding shop and in
the work sites are essential requirements for students, to acquire an
adequate knowledge and skills in selecting appropriate hand tools.

A list of common hand tools and their uses is thereby provided with
picture illustration for better comprehension on the part of the students.

Hand tools are classified into four:

(1) measuring tools;

(2) cutting tools;
(3) driving tools; and
(4) holding tools.

Each classification has different types and uses.

1. MEASURING TOOLS

 Pull-Push Rule. is flexible rule that when extended will support itself,
but may also be used to measure curved in irregular surfaces. Steel
tape rule blade is usually ½ inch wide and 72 inches long. The
graduation is sixteenths except for the first 6 inches which are
graduated is thirty-seconds of an inch.

 Steel tape. Is similar to a steel tape rule but differs in that it is

entirely flexible number of feet are marked on the tape. The tape is
3/8 inch wide and available lengths from 25 to 100 feet.

5
 Steel rule. The most common tool used in tool room. It is made of
tampered steel about 1/8 inch thick and ¾ inch wide and 6 to 12 inches
long, same style maybe obtained in length from 1 to 48 inches.

Try Square. It is an instrument used to measure the squareness of an

object.

6
 Combination Square. It is an instrument combined with 45°, 90°
and a protractor.

 Micrometer Caliper. Is a precision measuring instrument used

to measure dimensions in thousandths of an inch.

 Vernier Caliper. Is a precision measuring instrument used to

measure the inside, outside diameter, as well as depth of hole and

7
 slot.

 Dividers. Are used for measuring or setting of distances, and to

lay out arcs and circles.

2. CUTTING TOOLS

 Hacksaw. Is a tooth cutting tool usually with a solid and adjustable

frame. The main parts are handle, blade, tightening screw and nuts.
The tool is mainly use in cutting metals like plates, pipes, rods, bars,
angulars, etc. but of minimal thickness, width and length. Sometimes

8
this tool is used for cutting plastic pipes and other materials that suit to
its purpose.

o Frame. It is the main body of the hacksaw which holds the blade.
The different types of frames are the following:

a. Fixed or solid frame. It is intended to hold only one size of

blade at about 10 inches long

b. Adjustable frame. Its frame can be adjusted to hold blades of

different sizes such as 10, 12 and 14 inches in length.

o Blade. It is made of thin, high grade steel usually 1.27 mm thick

and 30.48cm long with an inclined row of teeth serving as cutter.

9
 The two types of blades are:
a. All hard. This type, the entire blade is hardened and
tempered, making it very brittle. Use this type in cutting
steel and cast iron.

b. Flexible back. In this type, only the teeth portion is hardened

and tempered, making the blade springy and less likely to
break.

The following are the recommended teeth-per-inch of blades for

different kinds of stocks to be cut:
a. 14 teeth-per-inch. It is used for brass, aluminum, cast iron
and soft iron.

b. 18 teeth-per-inch. It is used for drill rod, mild steel, tool steel

and general work
c. 24 teeth-per-inch. It is recommended for thin tubing and
pipe.

o Handle. It is the part of the hacksaw which is gripped when pushing

and pulling during the cutting operation.
o Tightening nut and screw. It is used to adjust the tension of the
blade.
 Files. Are made of high grade steel hardened and tempered. It has
rows of teeth that form, shape and finish metal by removing small
chips and smoothing rough edges of the metal surface. They differ in
length, shape, cut and coarseness.

Kinds and uses of files:

1. Mill File. It is a single-cut file used for filing and finishing brass
and bronze.

10
2. Flat File. It is rectangular in shape and tapered slightly in width
and thickness. It is one of the most commonly used files for
general work.

3. Square File. It is intended for filing square or rectangular holes.

4. Round File. It is used primarily for enlarging holes. It as also

known as rattail file.

11
 5. Half-round File. It is used for filing curved or concave surfaces.

6. Triangular File. It is used for filing surfaces that meet at least

90º. It is exclusively used for sharpening wood saws and for
smoothening rectangular opening. It is also known as three-
square file.

 Cold Chisel. A wedge-shape tool used to shear, cut and chip metal.
Types of cold chisel and their particular functions.

1. Flat Chisel. It is used for chipping flat surfaces; cutting off rivets
or metal fasteners, thin sheets, and small bars; and for general
purposes. Its cutting edge ranges from 13 to 25mm.

12
 2. Cape Chisel. It has a narrow edge suited for cutting narrow
grooves or slots.

3. Diamond-point Chisel. It has a diamond-shaped cutting edge

intended to cut V-grooves.

4. Round-nose Chisel. It has a round nose cutting edge for cutting

round and semi-circular grooves.

 Scraper. Is used in removing points, burrs and sharp edges from

metal surface and similar parts. This tool is made of hardened steel of
various shapes that fit according to each purpose. These are bearing
scrapes, flat, sharper, three-connected scraper.

1. For the removal of the high spots on metal surface.

13
 2. For scraping the surface of cylindrical bearing when fitting shafts
into.

3. For the removal of burrs a sharp internal edges from soft

brushing and similar parts

 Punches. Are used for permanent marking on surface of metal.

KINDS AND USES OF PUNCHES

Prick Punch. Is a small center punch which is also known a layout

punch. Its point is ground at an angle of 30 degrees.

14
Center Punch. Has one end guard to a 90 degrees conical point.

3. DRIVING TOOLS

 Hammers

1. Ballpeen hammer. It is used for straightening bending and

deforming metals. It has two faces. One is flat in striking cold
chisels and punches. The other side the “peen” is rounded for
bending and shaping metals.
Ballpeen hammer generally has a wood or fiberglass handle from
10-16 inches long. Head weight range from 2-48 oz. A 20oz
hammer is good for general purpose.

[Link] hammer. It is used for removing slags on weld and with

two faces, the tapered from one side and round pointed on the other
side.

15
 Wrench. Is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts
and bolts. There are kinds and sizes of wrenches designed according
to uses and function. A tool steel of on movable jaws.

1. Adjustable wrench has a movable jaw which makes it adjustable

to various sizes of nuts. Heavy type of adjustable wrench is a
monkey/pipe wrench.

Adjustable Wrench

Pipe Wrench
 Oxy Acetylene wrench- a type wrench used for tightening hose and
fitting connection on oxy-acetylene unit.

16
 Oxy Acetylene wrench

2. An open-ended wrench is one that is made to fit one size of nut

or bolt. This is the most inexpensive type of wrench of that
quite efficient in ordering situations.

Single-ended

Double-ended

3. A closed-end wrench is similar to a single ended wrench, but

as it entirely encloses a nut there a little danger of the
wrench slipping off the nut or the jaws spreading apart.

Single-ended

17
 Double-ended

4. Socket wrench is a tool with a usually interchangeable socket

to fit over a nut or bolt.

 Screwdriver. Is a hand tool that is designed to turn screws. The

blade is made of steel, attached to one end of which a wooden or
plastic handle. The other end is flattened to fit slots in the heads of
screws on bolts. The other kinds of screw drivers are called a
Phillips screw driver and helical-ratchet screw driver.

Phillips Flattened Helical-ratchet

4. HOLDING TOOLS

18
 Clamps. Are made of different sizes and appearance that fitted to its
purpose. These devices have been designed to hold work securely
which performing skills through grinding, bending, fitting and cutting of
metals. Some types of clamps and metal vises.

1. Tool maker clamp for holding small parts both at the bench and
at machine. This tool is also known a parallel clamp.

2. C-Clamp. is in all-purpose that is generally used to all kinds of

work.

3. Drill vise. is a sturdy steel vise with movable jaw that easily back
or forth by raising the handle.

19
4. Machinist vise. a work holding tool for machining activity.

5. Hand vise V block with clamp. is used to hold metal stocks for
small machining operation.

20
6. Vise Grip. A tool used to gripped the stock and tight enough to
hold the object.

7. Tong. Used to hold the metal to be forged and it must be held

securely while it is being worked.

8. Pliers. Used for holding, cutting and twisting wires.

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Combination Plier

Side Cutting Plier

Long Nose Plier

Slip Joint Plier

22
 Self Check 1.1

LO1. Select hand tools

Directions:
Read the instruction carefully. Match A with column B. Write the letter
of the correct answer on the blanks provided before the number.
A B
1  Phillips screw
2  Box wrench
3  Scraper
4  Square file A. K.
5  C-clamp
6  Steel tape L.
7  Cold Chisel
B.
8  Machinist vise
9  Ballpeen
Hammer
10  Hand vise
11  Open ended M.
wrench
12  Hack saw
C.
13  Steel rule
14  Helical-ratchet
screw driver
15  Chipping
hammer N.
D. O.
E.

P.

23
 J.

F.

G.

H.

I.

References
 Welding Technology, Second Edition by Gower A. Kennedy

 Welding Inspection Technology, Education Department, American

welding Society

 Welding Principles and Application by Larry Jeffus and Harold V.

Johnson

24
 INFORMATION SHEET # 1.2
Defective and Non-Defective Hand tools

Introduction:

There are many ways in identifying hand tools. One of these is to

identify them according to their uses and function. Moreover, awareness
of defective and non-defective hand tools is a primordial concern of
workers/welders.

Below are the recommended practices to identify defective and non-

defective hand tools.

1. Through visual inspection:

Defective tools can easily be distinguished from the functional ones
through visual inspection. The physical appearance of tools will describe
such characteristics like dullness, sharpness, dismantled parts, and
unevenness of the teeth of the cutting tools.

2. Functionality:
Another way is to check the quality of the manufactured tools. Is it already
susceptible to wear and tear? Has it already exceeded its service life? Is it
made with quality and has passed the manufacturer’s quality control test?

Some hand tools issued for years in shops and few pieces of these can be
subjected for condemnation.

3. Performance:
Performance of hand tools is determined after the actual use has been
tested and evaluated, and the outcomes will be the basis if the hand tools
are still worth for work.

25
4. Service span:
Hand tools are issued to shop teacher at one time. However, this must be
recorded to determine when it was received and how long the tools were
kept in the shop. A hand tool which is too old is unsafe for both the
students and workers. These should be marked defective and segregated
from the good ones.

Self Check 1.2

LO1. Select hand tools

Direction:
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate answer sheet.

1. Defective hand tools are kept and

a) Marked as defective.
b) Mixed together with non-defective tools.
c) Put anywhere in the shop.
d) Placed in the shop unlabeled.

2. Way of checking hand tools as either defective or non-defective:

a) Length of service
b) Trade mark of the manufacturer
c) Physical appearance
a) All of the above

3. _________ of hand tools is determined after the operation is tested

through:

a) Service span
b) Performance
c) Physical appearance
d) Repair Maintenance

4. All defective hand tools are subjected for:

a) Repair
b) Condemnation
c) Display/sample

26
 d) All of the above

5. Service span pertains to:

a) Maintenance Schedule
b) Determine when the tool is acquired
c) Hand tools considered functional
d) All of the above

References
 Welding Technology, Second Edition by Gower A. Kennedy

 Welding Inspection Technology, Education Department, American

welding Society

 Welding Principles and Application by Larry Jeffus and Harold V.

Johnson

27
Program/Course: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NCI

Unit of Competency: Use hand tools

Module Title: Using Basic Hand Tools

Learning Outcome # 2: Use of Hand Tools

Introduction

This lesson covers the knowledge skills and attitude required in using
basic handtools according with workplace procedure.

Assessment Criteria:

1. Hand tools are selected and classified to produce desired outcomes for
the job specifications.

2. Tasks performed in accordance with workplace procedure.

Definition of terms:

5S - it is a systematized approach to organize work areas, keep rules

and standards, and maintain discipline to do good job.
SEIRI- sort out unnecessary items and dispose them properly.
SEITON- systematize arrangement of necessary items in good order so
that they can easily pick for use.
SEISO- sweep or clean your workplace completely so that there are no
dust on the floor, machinery and equipment.
SEIKETSU – means maintain high standard of workplace organization and
housekeeping at all times.
SHITKUSE- it means doing things spontaneously without being told or
ordered.
Body Positioning- This is a comfortable working posture in which your
joints are naturally aligned. Working with the body in a neutral position
reduces stress and strain on the muscles, tendons, and skeletal system
and reduces your risk of developing a musculoskeletal disorder (MSD)

28
 Operation Sheet no. 2.1

Learning Outcome 2: Use of Hand tools

Introduction:
Using hand tools properly and correctly to comply with the basic
requirements is the sole responsibility of the person in the workplace. The
combined knowledge and manipulative skills in performing varied tasks like
assembling, dismantling and other practical operations in using hand tools.
Below are illustrations of basic hand tools that include skills in performing
tasks.
 Hacksaw
Steps in Mounting Blade to the Metal Frame

TEETH

1. Select the correct type of blade.

2. Attach the blade to the frame by pointing the teeth away from the
handle.
3. Tighten the wing nut of the handle until the blade is tight enough.

Safety Measures:
Tighten the wing nut securely enough to prevent from buckling and breaking.

Steps in Fixing Stock In Metal Vise and Operation Position

25-30 cm

29
 1. Fasten the stock in vise with lay-out line as close as possible to the end
of the used vise jaws.
2. Stand with your feet 25 to 30 centimeters apart and one foot forward.
3. Lean the body a little forward as shown in the drawing.

Steps in Sawing the Stock

1. Start the saw by guiding the blade with the thumb of your left hand
while taking one or two light strokes with your right-hand.
2. Move the saw with a light steady and even motion of about 40 to 50
strokes per minute.
3. Apply pressure during the forward stroke and release during the
return strokes.
4. Hold the stock with your left hand to avoid cuts upon sawing with
your right hand.

Steps in Bending 90o with Ball Peen Hammer

1. Force the metal over the vise jaws using left-hand.

2. Strike it several times near the hand with flat head of a hammer.

30
Steps in Squaring off a 90 o Bend (cont.)

3. Place the metal in the bench vise and tighten strongly.

4. Strike the metal with a flat head of a hammer in the direction of the
arrow indicated.
Circular Bend

1. Place the metal over a pipe or round bar and clamp in a bench vise.
2. Strike the metal with a glancing blow using the flat head of a hammer
until the desired curve is obtained.

 Cold Chisel is used for cutting and chipping cold metals.

31
The illustration above presents the Two Hands Positioning in cold chiseling
which shows the proper grip in using the tool. For heavy work, hand gripping
of tool should be strong and tight; for fine and small work, hold the tool
lightly.

Look at the person works with the ball peen hammer and the chisel as shown
in the illustration above. A cold chisel will cut metals only if you strike it with
the flat head of a ball peen hammer. The complete safety protection device
and the body position when performing the task (chiseling) are evidently
done.

 Wrench is used for loosening and tightening light and heavy nuts and
bolts. There are various kinds and sizes of wrenches designed according
to uses and function. A tool steel on movable jaws.

32
 A repair worker often uses tools to remove and replace damaged parts.
The wrenches are used to tighten and loosen the nut and bolts that hold the
parts in place. Other tools are used to hold parts for cutting, welding and
other works.

Wash type of wrench is usually used for only one or two different jobs.
Figure above shows a repair worker using a box of wrench and an open-end
wrench to remove a deck lid bolt in an automobile. The ends of the wrench
are offset (the hand is lower than the handle). In this way, the worker’s hand
is above the surface of any object as the nut of bolt is turned.

33
 A combination wrench of open-end and a box-end will tell the
advantage of box-end over open lid. Box-end wrench has complete contact
with six points on the bolt head. This completely surrounds the grips of the
bolt head or nut allowing less chances of wrench slippage.
 Screw Drivers

Cross Head Flat Head

Screw drivers are usually made in different sets. This tool is used to
tighten and loosen screws by pushing or pulling screws in a rotating manner.
In the above illustration, a set of standard and Phillips tips of different sizes
are shown.

34
 Screwdriver is driven by fully turning the blade clockwise motion until
the entire screw removed to the wood and metal. The purpose is to hold or fix
two pieces and by no chances to space apart even opposing force occurs.

Self Check # 2.1

Learning Outcome 2: Use of Hand tools

(Demonstration)

Direction:
Use the checklist below as basis for judging whether you meet the required
competency. Write yes or no on separate answer sheet.
Yes No
1. Can select correct type of blade of a hacksaw.
2. Can move the body a little forward while sawing the
metal.
3. Can apply pressure during forward stroke and release in
return while sawing.
4. Can strike the metal with flat head of a hammer.
5. Can use wrench in loosening and tightening nuts and
bolts.
6. Can use types of screw drivers correctly.
7. Can perform actual operations of hand tools by following
safety practices.
8. Can hold cold chisel properly while hammering with a
hammer.
9. Can follow steps in rounding stock with the use of a
hammer.
10. Can assemble and disassemble properly some movable
hand tools.

Over all: Did the student meet the standard requirements?

35
References
 Welding Technology, Second Edition by Gower A. Kennedy

 Welding Inspection Technology, Education Department, American

welding Society

 Welding Principles and Application by Larry Jeffus and Harold V. Johnson

INFORMATION SHEET # 2.2

Learning Outcome 2: Use of Hand tools

5S

What is 5S?

 It is a systematized approach to organize work areas, keep rules and

standards, and maintain discipline to do good job.

 The practice of 5S develops positive attitude among workers and

cultivates an environment of efficiency, effectiveness and economy.

 It utilizes workplace organization and work simplification techniques to

make work easier, faster, cheaper, safer and more effective.

Japanese English
Seiri Sort
Seiton Systematize
Seiso Sweep
Seiketsu Standardize
Shiketsu Self-Discipline

36
 SEIRI (Sort)
Sort out unnecessary items and dispose them properly.
 Make work easier by eliminating obstacles.
 Provide no chance being disturbed by unnecessary items.
 Eliminate the need to take care of the unnecessary items.
 Prevents accumulation of unnecessary items.

 SEITON (Systematize)
Arrange necessary items in good order so that they can easily pick for
use.
 Classify necessary items into frequency of handling.
 Locate jigs and tools that are used very often near to the point of
use.
 Locate the material at the defined position to ensure “First-in, First-
out”, as well as to make the work easy.
 Store and dies molds together with the specific tools necessary for
this set-up.
 Clearly label machinery, equipment parts, jigs, tools and their
locations so that everything is understandable and visible to
everyone at a glance.

 SEISO (Sweep)
Clean your workplace completely so that there are no dust on the floor,
machinery and equipment.
 To make the workplace clean, safe and comfortable.
 To make it easy to produce quality products.

 To check whether the machinery and equipment are in good

condition or not.
 Assign responsible persons to each machine, equipment and area.

 SEIKETSU (Standardize)
Maintain high standard of workplace organization and housekeeping at all
times.
 To prevent the deterioration of Seiri, Seiton, and Seiso activities.
 To minimize causes that will make the workplace dirty and
uncomfortable.
 To protect workers from dangerous conditions.
 To make the workers happy and vivid giving them a chance to
present their talent and creativity.

 SHITKUSE (Self-discipline)
Do things spontaneously without being told or ordered.

37
  Seiri, Seiton, Seiso, Shitsuke, these 4S’s are techniques and actions
to make the workplace well-organized.
 Shitsuke is a condition in which all members practice these 4S’s
continuously, spontaneously and willingly.
 Shitsuke is the creation of strong cooperation culture filled with
spirit of high productivity through implementation of these 4S’s, as
well as motivation, education and training for all the members.
 Management should give good examples.

Self-Check # 2.2

Learning Outcome 2: Use of Hand tools

Direction:
Read the instruction carefully. Match column A with column B. Write letters of
the correct answer on the blanks provided before the number. Use separate
answer sheet.

Column A Column B

_____1. standardize A. Clean your workplace

completely so that there is no
dust on the floor, machinery
and equipment.
_____2. sort B. Do things spontaneously
without being told or ordered.
_____3.self-discipline C. Sort out unnecessary items
and dispose them properly.
_____4. systematize D. Maintain high standard of
workplace organization and
house keeping at all times.
_____5. sweep E. Arrange necessary items in
good order so that they can
easily pick for use.

38
References
 Welding Technology, Second Edition by Gower A. Kennedy

 Welding Inspection Technology, Education Department, American

welding Society

 Welding Principles and Application by Larry Jeffus and Harold V. Johnson

39
Program/Course: Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) NCI

Unit of Competency: Use of Hand Tools

Module Title: Using Basic Hand Tools

Learning Outcome 3: Maintain Handtools

Introduction

This lesson covers the knowledge skills and attitude required in

maintaining and storing handtools according to standard operating
procedure.

Assessment Criteria:

1. Routine maintenance of hand tools is undertaken according to

standard operating procedure.

2. Hand tools are stored in designated location in accordance with

manufacturers’ standard procedure.

Definition of Terms

Maintenance- following routine procedures to keep the tools or equipment

at its most efficient condition.

Lubricating- a type of maintenance wherein oil is put in between moving

parts of a tool or equipment to prevent the tool from rust or damage.

Tightening/ loosening- is a type of maintenance of tools and equipment

are adjust based on the standard procedures.

Hand Sharpening. Some tools are needed to be sharpened such as blades

of knife, cold chisel, punches and many others

Cleaning- is the process of maintaining handtools by keeping it free from

dust, moisture and contaminants.

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 INFORMATION SHEET # 3.1

Learning Outcome # 3. Maintain hand tools

Introduction:

Hand tools are very important for the welder in welding shops or in
welding productions. The presence of machines and equipment are equally
important with hand tools. The necessity of doing the tasks such as
assembling, dismantling and other related works call for high demand of our
hand tools. Some welders do not follow correct practices of handling tools. In
some cases, they try to force the tool to perform a job which is not
appropriate to its intended use.

A routine maintenance proper storage and occupational health and

safety standard are the controlling device to follow and practice to assure
warranty and safety in all job undertakings.

 ROUTINE MAINTENANCE

Maintenance of hand tools and machines are both primordial

concerns of a repair technician in the welding shops and/or in the welding
production. The activities should be on schedule and with proper coordination
with the production people. The term “repair” and “maintenance” works are
two of different meanings. Repair, unusually focuses on the program of works
done in the operation of power plants in machines that are in trouble of
stopping its function. While the term “Maintenance” means a scheduled or a
planned visit of tools or equipments for inspection and from there, reports
and recommendation developed and next tasks to be decided like in
performing such cleaning, application of lubricants, dismantling and etc.

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Some of the simple maintenance activities for hand tools, and the
maintenance schedule should be posted in the readable corner of the shop.

 Lubricating. A task performed in the shop/production. Through the

application of the lubricant substance to the identified items in parts
like barrels, rollers, springs, bearing, bolts and nuts, and other
automotive parts.

 Tightening/Loosening. In an assembly of structures, we have tools

fittings need to tight and loosen and in application to the metal
structures that demand a high risk in safety. Tightening bolts and nuts
and other fittings require procedures and for standard compliance.

 Hand Sharpening. Some tools are needed to be sharpened such as

blades of knife, cold chisel, punches and many others. To do hand
sharpening for hand tools requires techniques and application. In some
multi knives cutter, manufacturers produce knife sharpening system to
hold or clamp the blade for ensuring strong blade to stone contact
during sharpening and also provided with course to fine honing stones.
For cold chisel and punches, the right file-size and grades used for
repairing the defective anvil curve.

 Simple Repair. Repair practices of hand tools still available anytime.

But, to some extent, tools are checked yearly and many of the hand
tools are eligible for condemnation and the whole items are to be
replaced by a new unit. However, there are instances that minor
repair can be performed, like replacement of wooden handle of a
hammer and mushroomed head of a cold chisel.

 Cleaning. Simple process applied to hand tools. The cleaning

approach may differ from one another. For example, cleaning of the
rack corners of hand tools by using air vacuum or by a piece of clothe.
Similar process may be applied to identical cleaning situations.

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 By piece of cloth By air vacuum
 PROPER STORAGE OF HAND TOOLS/EQUIPMENTS
(5S Implementation)

 Clearly label machinery, equipment, part, jigs, tools, and their

locations, so that everything is understandable, and visible to
everyone at a glance.
 Don’t pile up jigs, tools, and materials without separators (shelves).
They should be picked up easily.
 Rearrange machinery and equipment to make smooth production
flow, when necessary.
 Maintain the space around the fire extinguishers and evacuation
passages free.

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 Self Check # 3.1

Learning Outcome # 3 Maintain hand tools

Directions:
Choose the letter of the correct answer. Use separate answer sheet.
1. A maintenance process of moving assembled parts and hand tools through
the use of oil and greases.
a. Simple Repair
b. Lubricating
c. Hand Sharpening
d. Tightening

2. What is considered a minor repair?

a. The task not too long to perform
b. Whole item to be replaced
c. Motor over hauling
d. None of the above

3. Proper storage of hand tools is like simply saying that:

a. Hand tools are placed together in one place.
b. In the tool cabinet with proper labeling
c. In any place in the tool room
d. All of the above.

4. “Urgent repair” a term similar to:

a. Maintenance schedule
b. Maintenance Inspection
c. An ordinary routine
d. An immediate repair

5. Don’t pile up jigs, tools and materials without:

a. Label
b. Separator
c. Identification
d. Stamping

References:

 Manufacturing production and Maintenance DepartmentsBy Williams

(Quality Tools for Industry Service 1882)
 Snap on Catalog 800(Quality Tools and Service Equipment Copyright
2006 Snap-on Incorporated)
 Welding Technology, 2nd Ed. ,Harold Johnson
 Welding Principles and Application,Larry Jeffus, Harold Johnson

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