Important Topics in Power System Analysis
General Concepts
1. Per Unit System:
- Advantages over percentage method.
- Conversion between different bases.
- Representation of parameters in per unit values.
2. Symmetrical Components:
- Principle of symmetrical components.
- Equations to convert phase quantities to symmetrical components.
- Applications in fault analysis.
3. Load Flow Studies:
- Need for load flow studies in power systems.
- Static load flow equations.
- Methods: Gauss-Seidel, Newton-Raphson, and their comparison.
Matrices in Power Systems
1. Bus Admittance Matrix (YBus):
- Formation methods (e.g., singular transformation, direct inspection).
- Advantages and use in power flow studies.
2. Bus Impedance Matrix (ZBus):
- ZBus building algorithms.
- Modifications and significance.
Fault Analysis
1. Types of Faults:
- Symmetrical faults (e.g., three-phase faults).
- Unsymmetrical faults (e.g., Single Line to Ground, Line to Line).
2. Fault Current Calculations:
- Using symmetrical components and sequence impedances.
- Connection diagrams for sequence networks.
Stability Analysis
1. Steady State and Transient Stability:
- Definitions and importance.
- Swing equation derivation and applications.
- Power-angle curve and equal area criterion.
2. Critical Clearing Angle and Time:
- Determination and significance.
Network Algorithms
1. Bus Impedance and Admittance Matrix:
- Algorithms for building and modifying matrices.
- Methods for adding or removing system components.
Practical Problems
1. Calculations:
- Fault current and voltage in power systems.
- Per unit calculations for generators, transformers, and loads.
- Power transfer during normal and faulted conditions.
