Motions in Parliament
Source: IE
Why in News?
Recently, a Member of Parliament moved adjournment motion in the Lok Sabha citing the need for
urgent discussions on ethnic violence in Manipur.
A motion is a formal proposal made by a member in a House of Parliament to initiate a debate or
a decision on a matter.
What are the Different Types of Motions Used in Parliament?
Adjournment Motion:
A motion for adjournment is moved to discuss a definite matter of urgent public
importance and must be of immediate concern, with the Speaker's consent.
It needs the support of 50 members to be admitted. As it interrupts the normal
business of the House, it is regarded as an extraordinary device.
This motion is available in the Lok Sabha but not in the Rajya Sabha.
It is important to note that the passage of an adjournment motion does not require
the government to resign, but it is considered a strong censure of the government.
Closure Motion:
It is a motion moved by a member to cut short the debate on a matter before the
House. If the motion is approved by the House, debate is stopped forthwith, and the
matter is put to vote.
Motion with a Vote:
This type of motion is brought under Rule 184 in the Lok Sabha. It allows for a debate
with a vote on a specific question, and the outcome of the vote determines
Parliament's position on the issue.
If such a motion is passed, it obliges the government to follow Parliament's decision
on the matter.
However, motions with a vote are relatively rare and are usually reserved for matters
of significant national importance.
Short Duration Discussion:
Under Rule 193 of the Lok Sabha rules and Rule 176 of the Rajya Sabha rules, short
duration discussions can take place.
A short duration discussion allows MPs to discuss a specific issue of public
importance without voting on it. The debate usually takes place for a fixed duration,
not exceeding two hours.
The purpose of such discussions is to bring attention to important issues and allow diverse
perspectives to be heard without taking any formal decisions.
No-Confidence Motion:
This is a motion moved in the Lok Sabha (and not in the Rajya Sabha) to test the
confidence of the government.
The motion needs the support of 50 members to be admitted.
If a no-confidence motion is passed, the government must resign.
No-confidence motions are significant political events that usually occur when there is a
perception of the government losing majority support.
Confidence Motion:
It is passed when the governments formed with wafer-thin majority have been called
upon by the President to prove their majority on the floor of the House
Passage indicates the government's continued mandate to govern.
Privilege Motion:
A member can initiate this motion when they believe a minister has violated the
privileges of the House or its members by withholding crucial information about a case
or providing inaccurate and manipulated facts.
The primary aim of this motion is to express disapproval and criticize the respective
minister's actions.
Motion of Thanks:
It is a parliamentary procedure to express gratitude for the President's Address at the
commencement of Lok Sabha.
At the end of the discussion, the motion is put to vote. This motion must be passed in
the House. Otherwise, it amounts to the defeat of the government.
Cut Motion:
Proposed to reduce the amount of a demand in the budget.
Their passage by the Lok Sabha amounts to the expressions of want of parliamentary
confidence in the government and may lead to its resignation.
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