Research on Interactive Design of Virtual Museum Based
on VR Technology
Ming Zhaoa, Ying Bao*a , Hongming Biana
a
Department of Artistic Design, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, China
Abstract. In this paper, through VR technology and human-computer interac-
tion technology, using JavaScript and C# language, etc. We study the imple-
mentation of a virtual museum and improve the interaction design in the virtual
museum to explore a novel and public-compatible virtual museum, so that users
can achieve the effect of multiform interaction experience. The virtual museum
in this study can break some of the limitations of traditional physical museums
and realize the preservation of cultural relics on the basis of cultural dissemina-
tion, while meeting the needs of the public in all aspects. It also shows that in-
teraction design is inevitably an integral part of virtual museums and plays an
important role in their promotion in order to be the main direction of develop-
ment.
Keywords: Virtual reality technology, Virtual museum, Interaction design, Us-
er experience
1 Introduction
With the continuous improvement of people's living standards and the continuous
development of social science and technology innovation, virtual reality technology
has become more and more common in various industries, VR technology is also very
widely used, thus reflecting people's pursuit of spiritual culture more and more in-
tense. Through some international virtual museums, it is easy to see that the tradition-
al museum display mode and concept can no longer meet the needs of the public.
Today's users are good at using the Internet to obtain relevant information, which is
naturally a key point that cannot be ignored. The virtual museum is based on VR
technology, based on the user experience perspective, to achieve human-computer
interaction, so that the exhibition hall effective information quickly and three-
dimensional presentation to the user. It allows users to experience the charm of the
museum through cell phones alone. Interaction design as a technology application, not
only allows people to be in the virtual space environment, all-round visit to the muse-
um, but also to enhance the user experience, to achieve multi-sensory information,
multi-level communication. This approach not only saves some of the resources of
© The Author(s) 2022
H. Wu et al. (Eds.): CSIEDE 2022, ACSR 103, pp. 196– , 2022.
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Research on Interactive Design of Virtual Museum 197
offline physical exhibition halls, but also allows users to realize the freedom of visit-
ing without space constraints [1].
2 Related theories and technologies
2.1 Meaning and characteristics of VR technology
VR is the full name of Virtual Reality, and VR is the use of computer and Internet
technology to create a virtual environment through simulation systems that simulate
sensing devices and sensory perceptions to bring users an immersive experience and
provide a new interactive experience [2]. The current virtual reality technology has
been successfully applied to several scenarios, such as "virtual classroom", "virtual
house viewing" and "virtual tourism". These virtual businesses are very popular, but
research shows that most programs and platforms take traditional resources, such as
pictures and videos, which are relatively single-mode and not really designed for in-
teraction based on VR technology, resulting in no good experience for users.
VR technology has the characteristics of multi-perceptiveness, immersion, interac-
tivity, conceptiveness and autonomy. The current multi-perceptual features of VR
technology include basic perceptions such as sight, sound, and touch. This multi-
sensory feature allows users to feel immersion and the "real world" brought by VR
technology in the virtual environment. The interactivity refers to the user in the use of
the process of human-computer interaction with objects and the environment in the
virtual scene, so that the touch in the virtual scene becomes more real, and "remote
control" of objects. The autonomy of VR technology is also a key feature, as objects
in virtual scenes can objects in the virtual scene can follow the objective laws of
movement. For example, objects thrown from high places will naturally fall to the
ground, and this simulation of reality will enhance the user's sense of immersion and
experience.
2.2 Principle of Human-Computer Interaction Technology
Human-computer interaction technology is widely used, especially in the field of
virtual reality, which can bring different experiences to users. Human-computer inter-
action technology refers to the exchange of information between human and comput-
er. It incorporates multiple technologies, as shown in Figure 1.
198 M. Zhao et al.
Fig. 1. Diagram of the relationship between HCI and other related disciplines.
In fact, the interactive interface is the most essential presentation of human-computer
interaction. The process of human-computer interface interaction is that the user in-
puts information into the computer, and then outputs it to the user after information
processing, as shown in Figure 2 below.
Fig. 2. Human-machine interaction interface diagram.
2.3 LOD Technology
LOD technology is called Level of detail, which means multi-level detail. It is a 3D
object optimization technique, which can choose the level of the museum according to
its location and model characteristics, LOD technology can realize different 3D mod-
els with different parameters, and improve the efficiency of the operation by reducing
the level of unimportant models. LOD technology is a popular technology and has
been used in many software system models to optimize the LODs, which require an
artist to handle the LODs and create a customized Pipeline [3].
Research on Interactive Design of Virtual Museum 199
2.4 System Language
The main languages used in the development of the system are JavaScript and C#.
JavaScript is known as a scripting language for developing Web pages. It is an object-
oriented language that provides a fully runtime object system, and JavaScript can be
used in a clever way to achieve asynchronous processing with a single thread. It has a
good security mechanism and can provide a perfect exception handling mechanism,
which makes the program more powerful [4].
2.5 Collision detection algorithm
When entering the virtual museum, users will inevitably collide with objects in the
experience, so in order to better improve the virtual scene, collision detection algo-
rithms are needed for collision detection. Collision detection can improve the restora-
tion of the virtual museum, enhance its immersion and interactivity. The OBB detec-
tion algorithm is the directional bracketing box detection algorithm, which is consid-
ered the standard algorithm for collision detection because it is the fastest detection
algorithm when it was first proposed [5]. The principle of the OBB collision detection
algorithm is to first cut all polygons with three extra edges into triangular slices, and
let the vertices of the triangular slice be , , and , respectively, then we have.
(1)
(2)
The flow of collision detection is shown in Figure 3.
Fig. 3. The process of collision detection.
200 M. Zhao et al.
3 Virtual Museum Requirements Analysis and Design
Summary
3.1 Demand Analysis
When users use the virtual museum system, they can tour the pavilion and experience
the culture simply through the computer and the Internet. The comparison between
the physical museum and the virtual museum is shown specifically in Table 1.
Table 1. Comparison table between physical and virtual exhibition halls.
Contrasting features Physical Pavilion Virtual Pavilion
Carrier Placement of exhibits in Through the form of sound
physical pavilions by effects, video and interac-
matching tive games
Mode Single display form, fixed Combined with VR tech-
tour route nology to enhance the visual
effect and interactivity of
the exhibition hall
Information Resources Limited information re- Huge information resources
Utilization sources
Theme Selection Older themes Variety of themes
Processing speed Slower Very fast
The analysis of the table shows that the virtual museum not only has advanced sci-
ence and technology, but also can store a large amount of information resources, good
tour effect and diversified themes can enhance the user experience, human-computer
interaction can also let the user and the exhibits interact and resonate with each other.
3.2 Design Outline
For the design of the virtual museum, the user's cognition and operation of the system
should be fully considered, with a perfect functional system to bring the user a practi-
cal experience. As far as possible to restore the physical museum function is the basis
of the system, the design on this basis also consider the following points. The first is
to classify and manage the information, store it as a background resource, and com-
plete a good data organization. Secondly to establish the specific application of VR
technology in the scene, such as exhibit information introduction, physical display
and human-computer interaction activities and other operations. Finally, the simula-
tion of visiting perspectives and routes is carried out to add multi-view and multi-
route modes without changing the structure of the physical museum as a way to meet
part of the user's needs.
Research on Interactive Design of Virtual Museum 201
4 Detailed design of the virtual museum
4.1 Construction of the system model
The virtual scene can be constructed by CAD to obtain the relevant data, after which
the model is constructed. This includes the spatial layout and exhibits on display.
Firstly, the space and exhibits can be built by 3DMax software, and after that, Uni-
ty3D can be used and the parameters can be set to build the environment. In the model
construction, attention should be paid to the optimization of polygon model.
4.2 Optimization of collision detection algorithm
According to the analysis of collision detection algorithm mentioned before in the
paper, it can be seen that OBB algorithm has good tightness and high detection effi-
ciency. The tightness is related to the simplicity of the enclosing box, the simpler the
enclosing box, the worse the tightness, which leads to a low accuracy rate in collision
detection for simple models [6]. Therefore, this paper proposes an optimized OBB
collision detection algorithm to meet the requirements of collision detection in virtual
environments. Since the center of the OBB is a vertex formed by the stitching of the
triangles, if the size of these triangles is different, the calculated enclosing box will
definitely be different, which will also have an impact on the collision detection re-
sults. The solution is to weight each triangle by giving the area of the triangle as the
weight[3]. Let the area of the triangle be denoted by and the vertices of the
triangular piece be , and , then.
(3)
The surface area of the wrapped object is denoted by , then.
(4)
The center of the triangle is denoted by , then.
(5)
The center of the enclosed triangle with power is denoted by , then.
(6)
Elements of the covariance matrix .
202 M. Zhao et al.
(7)
4.3 System Interface
When the user enters the interface, the first thing shown is the introduction of the
virtual museum, so that the user has a preliminary understanding of its exhibits and
environment. After that, users can enter each theme exhibition hall through the inter-
face menu, or enter the exhibition hall through map roaming. For the convenience of
users, a learning manual is also included in the interface design to facilitate users'
quick integration into the virtual museum. By clicking on the ground, you can move
forward, and by rotating the exhibition hall, you can control the multi-viewing angle.
4.4 Interaction design concept
In the virtual museum, interactive functions can be realized through video, allowing
users to have an in-depth understanding of the information related to the exhibits.
Scene interaction can also be added, so that users can interact with the environment in
the scene, and truly experience the story of the era in which the exhibits are located.
The use of VR technology and collision detection algorithms allows users to experi-
ence the charm of the virtual museum in an immersive way. In the scene, users can
pick up the exhibits for multi-directional viewing, and even use virtual simulation
technology to disassemble and combine the exhibits to give users an in-depth under-
standing of their internal structure [7]. In addition to visual interaction, there will also
be auditory interaction. 3D narration allows users to immerse themselves in the virtual
scenes, and voice recognition technology allows users to ask and answer questions in
real time with virtual docents. Users who are online at the same time can also com-
municate with each other, adding to the interactivity of the system. At the same time
in the virtual environment, will also be integrated into some games, for example,
through the selection of materials to create the corresponding exhibits, so that users
can understand the exhibits, but also to increase the interactivity of the fun. Or the
interactive game of heritage quiz, where users can click on the answer button to earn
points, which can be exchanged for corresponding cultural and creative products.
5 Conclusion
This paper presents an in-depth study on the design of the virtual museum system
based on VR technology and collision detection algorithms, using human-computer
interaction techniques. The implementation of the system. The system contains the
database and relevant information materials of the museum and optimizes the colli-
sion detection algorithm used in the system. The UI design direction is specified, and
the system interaction effect is made more realistic by combining it with VR technol-
ogy. The traditional display form is expanded from single-dimensional to multi-
Research on Interactive Design of Virtual Museum 203
dimensional, static to dynamic, and spaced screen viewing to being in it. Using rich
interaction design to attract users' curiosity and design a more experiential and high
level virtual museum.
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