Sensory experiences give Sensations as explaining Science can solve all
rise to knowledge conscious experiences problems; scientism
Empiricism Sensationalism Positivism
Agreed that
reality is
Thomas George consists of
Hobbes perception David Hume
Berkeley
Claude
Pierre
Helvetius August Comte
Humans were Things come into Gassendi
induction
innately aggressive, existence when
selfish and greedy. they are perceived. Experimental Offered criticism to Control Equating
science of human Descartes’s mind- experiences and knowledge =
nature is different body dualism. you can control the empirical
Denied the Sensations that are contents of the
from physical observation
existence of a experienced Inductive science- mind.
science
nonmaterial mind consistently are based on physical
likely to be monism. Accept data that is
Experience meant
Pleasure and pain associated. publicly observable
cognitive Differed about
as the source of experience what scientist
motivation could be
Introspection was certain of.
disregard for it
James Mill
studies private
David Hartley experiences
John Locke All ideas could be
explained in terms Impressions-
Contradict Julien de La
of experience and strong vivid
reductionism Etienne
Opposed associative Mettrie
Ideas - relatively Bonnot de Agreed with
Descartes notion principles
weak Condillac Hume and
on innate ideas What influences Berkeley that
Embrace the body, so thus
Mental experience we never
Bentham’s Human mental
Primary qualities Empiricism + to the mental experience Ernst Mach
reduced to simple Utilitarianism
abilities could be
associationism processes. the physical
and Secondary ideas Social Reformer with a rudimentary derived from directly.
qualities sensations,
of physiology
Materialist memories, and a Subject matter of
few basic
Powers of feelings
the mind any science is
Alexander Humans are occurs naturally cognitive.
Associative principles John Stuart superior in after sensation
Bain
Mill intelligence than occurred.
Scientist cluster
nonhuman animals
Synthesize about physiology together the
with associationism and Mental Chemistry – simple ideas sensations, and
treatment with voluntary fused and the complex ideas describe its
behavior. produced different from the simpler relationship.
that makes it up.
