§ 95.31 14 CFR Ch.

I (1–1–11 Edition)

Subpart C—En Route IFR Altitudes Subpart B—Procedures

Over Particular Routes and 97.10 [Reserved]
Intersections
Subpart C—TERPS Procedures
EDITORIAL NOTE: The prescribed IFR alti-
97.20 General.
tudes for flights over particular routes and
intersections in this subpart were formerly AUTHORITY: 49 U.S.C. 106(g), 40103, 40106,
carried as §§ 610.11 through 610.6887 of this 40113, 40114, 40120, 44502, 44514, 44701, 44719,
title and were transferred to part 95 as and 44721–44722.
§§ 95.41 through 95.6887, respectively, but are
not carried in the Code of Federal Regula- SOURCE: Docket No. 1580, 28 FR 6719, June
tions. For FEDERAL REGISTER citations af- 29, 1963, unless otherwise noted.
fecting these routes, see the List of CFR Sec-
tions Affected, which appears in the Finding Subpart A—General
Aids section of the printed volume and at
www.fdsys.gov. § 97.1 Applicability.
§ 95.31 General. (a) This part prescribes standard in-
This subpart prescribes IFR altitudes strument approach procedures to civil
for flights along particular routes or airports in the United States and the
route segments and over additional weather minimums that apply to land-
intersections not listed as a part of a ings under IFR at those airports.
route or route segment. (b) This part also prescribes obstacle
departure procedures (ODPs) for cer-
[Doc. No. 1580, 28 FR 6719, June 29, 1963]
tain civil airports in the United States
and the weather minimums that apply
Subpart D—Changeover Points to takeoffs under IFR at civil airports
in the United States.
EDITORIAL NOTE: The prescribed COP’s for
[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31679, June 7,
Federal airways, jet routes, or other direct
routes for which an MEA is designated in 2007]
this part are not carried in the Code of Fed-
eral Regulations. For FEDERAL REGISTER ci- § 97.3 Symbols and terms used in pro-
tations affecting these routes see the List of cedures.
CFR Sections Affected, which appears in the As used in the standard instrument
Finding Aids section of the printed volume procedures prescribed in this part—
and at www.fdsys.gov.
Aircraft approach category means a
§ 95.8001 General. grouping of aircraft based on a speed of
VREF, if specified, or if VREF is not
This subpart prescribes COP’s for specified, 1.3 Vso at the maximum cer-
Federal airways, jet routes, area navi- tificated landing weight. VREF, Vso,
gation routes, or other direct routes and the maximum certificated landing
for which an MEA is designated in this weight are those values as established
part. Unless otherwise specified the for the aircraft by the certification au-
COP is midway between the navigation thority of the country of registry. The
facilities or way points for straight categories are as follows—
route segments, or at the intersection
(1) Category A: Speed less than 91
of radials or courses forming a dogleg
knots.
in the case of dogleg route segments.
(2) Category B: Speed 91 knots or
[Doc. No. 10580, 35 FR 14610, Sept. 18, 1970] more but less than 121 knots.
(3) Category C: Speed 121 knots or
PART 97—STANDARD INSTRUMENT more but less than 141 knots.
PROCEDURES (4) Category D: Speed 141 knots or
more but less than 166 knots.
Subpart A—General (5) Category E: Speed 166 knots or
more.
Sec.
Approach procedure segments for which
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97.1 Applicability.
97.3 Symbols and terms used in procedures. altitudes (minimum altitudes, unless
97.5 Bearings, courses, tracks, headings, otherwise specified) and paths are pre-
radials, miles. scribed in procedures, are as follows—

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 Federal Aviation Administration, DOT § 97.3

(1) Initial approach is the segment the highest terrain/surface within a

between the initial approach fix and 5,200-foot radius of the missed approach
the intermediate fix or the point where point used in helicopter instrument ap-
the aircraft is established on the inter- proach procedures and is expressed in
mediate course or final approach feet above ground level (AGL).
course. HAT means height above touchdown.
(2) Initial approach altitude is the al- HCH means helipoint crossing height
titude (or altitudes, in high altitude and is the computed height of the
procedure) prescribed for the initial ap- vertical guidance path above the
proach segment of an instrument ap- helipoint elevation at the helipoint ex-
proach. pressed in feet.
(3) Intermediate approach is the seg- Helipoint means the aiming point for
ment between the intermediate fix or the final approach course. It is nor-
point and the final approach fix. mally the center point of the touch-
(4) Final approach is the segment be- down and lift-off area (TLOF).
tween the final approach fix or point Hold in lieu of PT means a holding
and the runway, airport, or missed ap- pattern established under applicable
proach point. FAA criteria, and used in lieu of a pro-
(5) Missed approach is the segment cedure turn to execute a course rever-
between the missed approach point, or sal.
point of arrival at decision altitude or MAP means missed approach point.
decision height (DA/DH), and the
More than 65 knots means an aircraft
missed approach fix at the prescribed
that has a stalling speed of more than
altitude.
65 knots (as established in an approved
Ceiling means the minimum ceiling,
flight manual) at maximum certifi-
expressed in feet above the airport ele-
cated landing weight with full flaps,
vation, required for takeoff or required
landing gear extended, and power off.
for designating an airport as an alter-
MSA means minimum safe altitude,
nate airport.
expressed in feet above mean sea level,
Copter procedures means helicopter
depicted on an approach chart that
procedures, with applicable minimums
provides at least 1,000 feet of obstacle
as prescribed in § 97.35. Helicopters may
clearance for emergency use within a
also use other procedures prescribed in
certain distance from the specified
subpart C of this part and may use the
navigation facility or fix.
Category A minimum descent altitude
(MDA), or decision altitude or decision NA means not authorized.
height (DA/DH). For other than NOPT means no procedure turn re-
‘‘copter-only’’ approaches, the required quired. Altitude prescribed applies only
visibility minimum for Category I ap- if procedure turn is not executed.
proaches may be reduced to one-half Procedure turn means the maneuver
the published visibility minimum for prescribed when it is necessary to re-
Category A aircraft, but in no case verse direction to establish the aircraft
may it be reduced to less than one- on an intermediate or final approach
quarter mile prevailing visibility, or, if course. The outbound course, direction
reported, 1,200 feet RVR. Reduction of of turn, distance within which the turn
visibility minima on Category II in- must be completed, and minimum alti-
strument approach procedures is pro- tude are specified in the procedure.
hibited. However, the point at which the turn
FAF means final approach fix. may be begun, and the type and rate of
HAA means height above airport and turn, is left to the discretion of the
is expressed in feet. pilot.
HAL means height above landing and RA means radio altimeter setting
is the height of the DA/MDA above a height.
designated helicopter landing area ele- RVV means runway visibility value.
vation used for helicopter instrument SIAP means standard instrument ap-
approach procedures and is expressed proach procedure.
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in feet. 65 knots or less means an aircraft that

HAS means height above the surface has a stalling speed of 65 knots or less
and is the height of the DA/MDA above (as established in an approved flight

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 § 97.5 14 CFR Ch. I (1–1–11 Edition)

manual) at maximum certificated land- takeoff minimums and obstacle depar-

ing weight with full flaps, landing gear ture procedures (ODPs) based on the
extended, and power off. criteria contained in FAA Order 8260.3,
T means nonstandard takeoff mini- U.S. Standard for Terminal Instrument
mums or specified departure routes/ Procedures (TERPs), and other related
procedures or both. Orders in the 8260 series that also ad-
TDZ means touchdown zone. dress instrument procedure design cri-
Visibility minimum means the min- teria.
imum visibility specified for approach, (b) Standard instrument approach
landing, or takeoff, expressed in stat- procedures and associated supporting
ute miles, or in feet where RVR is re- data adopted by the FAA are docu-
ported. mented on FAA Forms 8260–3, 8260–4,
8260–5. Takeoff minimums and obstacle
[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31679, June 7, departure procedures (ODPs) are docu-
2007]
mented on FAA Form 8260–15A. These
§ 97.5 Bearings, courses, tracks, head- forms are incorporated by reference.
ings, radials, miles. The Director of the Federal Register
approved this incorporation by ref-
(a) All bearings, courses, tracks, erence pursuant to 5 U.S.C. 552(a) and 1
headings, and radials in this part are CFR part 51. The standard instrument
magnetic, unless otherwise designated. approach procedures and takeoff mini-
(b) RVR values are stated in feet. mums and obstacle departure proce-
Other visibility values are stated in dures (ODPs) are available for exam-
statute miles. All other mileages are ination at the FAA’s Rules Docket
stated in nautical miles. (AGC–200) and at the National Flight
[Doc. No. 561, 32 FR 13912, Oct. 6, 1967, as Data Center, 800 Independence Avenue,
amended by Amdt. 97–1336, 72 FR 31680, June SW., Washington, DC 20590, or at the
7, 2007] National Archives and Records Admin-
istration (NARA). For information on
Subpart B—Procedures the availability of this material at
NARA, call 202–741–6030, or go to http://
EDITORIAL NOTE: The procedures set forth www.archives.gov/federallregister/
in this subpart were formerly carried as codeloflfederallregulations/
§§ 609.100 through 609.500 of this title and ibrllocations.html.
were transferred to part 97 as §§ 97.11 through (c) Standard instrument approach
97.19, respectively, but are not carried in the procedures and takeoff minimums and
Code of Federal Regulations. For FEDERAL obstacle departure procedures (ODPs)
REGISTER citations affecting these proce- are depicted on aeronautical charts
dures, see the List of CFR Sections Affected,
published by the FAA National Aero-
which appears in the Finding Aids section of
the printed volume and at www.fdsys.gov. nautical Charting Office. These charts
are available for purchase from the
§ 97.10 [Reserved] FAA’s National Aeronautical Charting
Office, Distribution Division, 6303 Ivy
Subpart C—TERPS Procedures Lane, Suite 400, Greenbelt, MD 20770.
[Doc. No. FAA–2002–14002, 72 FR 31680, June 7,
SOURCE: Docket No. 8130, 32 FR 13912, Oct. 2007]
6, 1967, unless otherwise noted.
EDITORIAL NOTE: The procedures for §§ 97.21 PART 99—SECURITY CONTROL OF
through 97.35, respectively, are not carried in AIR TRAFFIC
the Code of Federal Regulations. For FED-
ERAL REGISTER citations affecting these pro- Subpart A—General
cedures, see the List of CFR Sections Af-
fected, which appears in the Finding Aids Sec.
section of the printed volume and at 99.1 Applicability.
www.fdsys.gov. 99.3 Definitions.
99.5 Emergency situations.
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§ 97.20 General. 99.7 Special security instructions.

99.9 Radio requirements.
(a) This subpart prescribes standard 99.11 ADIZ flight plan requirements.
instrument approach procedures and 99.12 [Reserved]

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